Van hoa tra cua ngu'di Trung Quoc da c6 lich suf lau ddi, chi rieng viec pha tra va su" dung nu'dc cung da c6 biet bao cau chuyen ke lai t i i xu'a tdi nay. Luc V u Tang trong cuon "Tra kinh" da chi ro ra rang: "Nu'dc cua no, dung nu'dc suoi, nu'dc song va nu'cfc gieng. Nu'dc suoi cua no, ItCa chon nu'cfc suoi trong suot tren dong nu'cfc chdy xiet".
Duldng nhu" bat cu" ngu'cfi Trung Quoc nao cung deu biet tcfi hai cha "Tra dao", Tra Long Tinh va suoi H d Chay cua Hang Chau diWc coi la hai thiJ tuyet dieu v^Ki cua Tay H6, dieu nay cung dii de nhan manh lay nifdc suoi de pha tra la tuyet vdi nhat. Bdi v i niidc suoi difdc chat loc qua rat nhieu tdng nham thach, tu'cfng du'dng vdi viec chung ta tien hanh loc nu'cfc rat nhieu Ian. Nguon nu:cfc nay khong he c6 l l n tap chat, chat lu'dng niTcfc mgm, sach, ngot ma lai chiJa nhieu chat v6 cd. Tra neu du'c'c \a vdi nu'dc suoi se trd nen trong hcfn, sang hdn, c6 the
phat buy mot each day d d sac, hu'cfng, v i ciia la tra.
Tiep do la c6 the siJ dung nu'dc gieng de pha tra, bdi nu'dc d gieng sau cung c6 mot chut tirih cha't cua nu'dc gieng, dong thdi chat lu'dng nu'dc ngot, dep. Thong thu'dng ma ndi, niidc d du'di tang sSu cung c6 du'dc sij" bao v6 cua cac tang nuldc khac, 6 nhi^m se gidm di, chat lifcfng nu'dc sach se; trai ngu'dc lai la nu'dc tang da't nong se bi 6 n h i i m bdi mat dat, chat lu'cfng nu'dc cung tu'cfng do'i kem. Cho nen nu'dc du'cfc lay d gieng sau se to't hcfn la lay d gieng nong. Tiep do la nu:dc gieng d trong cac thanh pho, nguon nu:dc d day thuldng bi 6 nhigm nhieu,
CO v i man hcfn, khong thich hcfp de pha tra; con nguon nu'dc gieng d nong thon chiu su" 6 nhigm it, chat lu'cfng nu'dc tot, thIch hcfp cho viec pha tra. Du'cfng nhien, cung
CO s\i ngoai IS, nhu' gieng Bach Sa rS't ndi tieng nam trong thanh Tru'dng Giang - Hd Nam. Nguon nu'dc d gieng nay bat nguon i\i trong tang nham thach, chat lu'cfng nu'dc to't, hcfn nila nu'dc d song Tru'dng Giang khong bao gid ngCfng chay nen khi lay nu'dc d day pha tra cung cd du'cfc hu'cfng v i tot nhat cho tra.
Do'i vdi viec sil dung nu'dc de pha tra vSn biet rang lay nu'dc suo'i ngam la td't nhat, nhuiig nu'dc d r\h.vin^ ncfi lifu dong nhii nu'dc song dung de pha tra cung khong thua kem gi. HiJa ThiJ Thif ddi Minh ciia Trung Quoc trong cud'n "Tra sd" cd viet rang: Nu'dc d song Hoang Ha la thU nu'dc tCf tren trdi rcfi xudng, nu'dc cd mau due cua dat, sau khi de lang lai thi nu'dc se trong, hu'cfng v i cung tuf do ma toa ra. Cau ndi nay da ndi ro nu'dc d song hd bat luan la cd do due cao nhu! the nao nhu'ng sau khi de lang va nxidc trong thi vSn cd the su" dung dulcfc de pha tra. That s\i ma ndi, nu'dc d song hd rat de bi 6 nhi§m, trong eud^n "Tra kinh" ciia ddi Du'dng da tijfng khuyen cao: "Nu'dc d song hd, nen lay nu'dc d chd each xa ncfi ngifdi d". Cho nen d d i v d i nu'dc song can phai lay d ngudn nu'dc each xa ncfi con ngu'di sinh sdng. Khi s\i
d u n g n g u o n nUcfc lifu dong nh\i nUcJc suoi, nUdc song
de pha tra d a u tien phai d u n soi that k i , b d i v i nhiJng loai nu:crc nay phan Icfn la nu'dc ciJng tarn thdi, rat d§ ket
hcfp cung v d i nhieu phenol tra c6 trong la tra, kh6ng chi
khien cho nu'd'c tra c6 m a u s^c khong diicfc tu:ofi sang ma
con CO the anh hu'cfng t6i m a u sic cua la tra va chat
lu'dng, hu'cfng v i cua tra k h i pha.
Trong nhiJng thanh pho' hien dai phdn Idfn ngu'di ta sil
d u n g nu'dc may, loai nxidc nay da so cung la loai nu'cfc
ciJng t a m thcfi. N e u tru'dc tien tru! n\i6c vao trong ang
vai, dat qua dem d mot ncfi y^n t m h khien cho lifu h u y n h
phat tan d i mat, dong thdi keo dai thdi gian d u n nxidc soi. N e u pha tra vdfi loai nu'cfc sau k h i da du'cfc xu" ly nhxi
vay t h i cung vSn se d u y tri dxiac m a u sSc tu'di sang, luc
nay m a u sac va hifdng v i cua tra cung se giong nhu" khi chung ta su: d u n g nu:dc tinh khiet de pha tra vay.
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