thO' phl}.ng
2.3.1. Sf! c6 chap velD dong trU'o'llg (trU'o'llg nam)
a Vi~t Nam vi~c con trai thua k€ (~nam til thua k~ ) da thanh nguyen t~c, nhung Sl,l' c6 ch~p vao nguyen t~c chi trnong nam mm au9'c thua k€ Cmlm1twoog nam thua k~) cua Vi~t Nam l?i kh6ng m?nh nhu Han Qu6c. Cho du 1a nhu v~y, vfin thay nhfrng twang hgp sau: t6 tien phl,l M mang Hnh chfnh qui vfin dugc thO' a chl> nguCri con trai twang ngay ca khi anh ta da r01
kh6i nba cua b5 my. Nhung nhln chung, a Vi~t Nam chung ta khong thay r5 nguyen t~c "twang nam nhat thi~t phai dugc thua k~" nhu a Han Qu6c.
Tren thl,l'c t~, thuang la ngum con trai twang co trach nhi~m thO' phl,lng t6 tien, vao ngay gil> thl cac con trai thu se tl,l t~p vS nha con trai twemg (#3, #4, #21. #72). (twang hgp 3, 4, 21, thl cac con trai thu se tl,l t~p vS nha con trai twemg (#3, #4, #21. #72). (twang hgp 3, 4, 21,
72). Tuy v~y, du noi r~ng con trai thu hoan toan khong thO' t6 tien a nba mlnh nhung vfin co mQt s5 tmang hQ"p sau: co khi vfin d~t bat huang cua ngum than (nhu b6 my) tren ban thO' t?i nha minh, tw6c khi d~n nha twang nam dS tham gia vi~c cung gil> thl dang 16 v~t dan gian va th~p
huang len do; co khi do a xa rna khong vS tham gia cung gil> t?i nha tmoog nam duQ'c nen chi thl,l'c hi~n vi~c tlu} v9ng7(chu Nom trong nguyen ban ti~ng NMt) _ thai (#28, #44, #63),
(tmang hgp 28, 44, 53).8
Them nua, khac vm cac twang hQ"p kS tren, nhu se trinh bay a dum day, co khi nguCri ta hQp ban vm nhau vS trach nhi~m thO' phl,lng r6i giao mQt ph~n cua vi~c thO' phl,lng t6 tien cho ngum khong phai la twang nam.
2.3.2. Phlin chia vi¢c thil pll1;lllg
Phan chia vi~c thO' phl,lng co nghla la phan chia gifra anh em va hQ hang vS trach nhi~m thO'
cung t6 tien; a Han Qu6c, hi~n tuqng nay co thay do day a nhfrng vung ria c~n9; con a miSn B~c
va miSn Trung Vi~t Nam thl day la hi~n tuqng khong hS hi~m. a Th?nh Phu6c, co 4 twang hgp (s5 3, 4, 21, 34).
a twang hQ"p #4, anh ca cua ngum ch6ng cua ego sau khi k~t han da: ra a rieng, nguCri ch6ng la thu nam (H) da a l?i s6ng chung an chung vm ngum my tu khi cum. Vg ch6ng thu nam da la thu nam (H) da a l?i s6ng chung an chung vm ngum my tu khi cum. Vg ch6ng thu nam da cham soc my cho d~n khi ba qua dCri, nen vi~c cung gil> my duQ'c t6 chuc t?i ngoi nha cua cha my dS l?i. Cung gil> cha dugc t6 chuc a nha nguCri anh ca, nhung ngay hom do, ngum ch6ng dang hoa qua len ban thO' nha mtnh va vai r6i mm len duang d~n nha nguCri anh ca. Vi~c cun,g gi6 my thl do ngum ch6ng dam trach (anh da cham my cho d~n khi ba qua dCri). Ngom ra, t?i nha mtnh, ngum ch6ng nay con cung gil> ca nguCri bac (anh trai cua b5) khong co con va ba co (em gai cua b6) ch~t luc chua ch6ng. Nghe noi, khi cung gil> hai nguCri nay thl nguCri anh ca khong d~n.
7 ThO' v9ng c6 nghTa la: kh6ng th~ tham gia vi~c cung I€ a nai chfnh thuc do 56ng a nai xa nen tl,l d~t mQt chi~c bat huang mang tfnh t~lm thai/gia luang ma cung I€ t~i d6. C6 th@ thAy day la khai ni~m cung lo~i vai khai ni~m "dao bai~Wyohai" a Nh~t Ban (phc1n cac daO chfnh, kh6ng tfnh d~n vung Okinawa) hay "OtoshilSimV' a Okinawa.
8 Nguai thua k@ ban th6' t6 Uen d6i khi cOng thO' bat huang cila mQt t6 tien bang h~ khi nguai n6i doi cila t6 ti9n bang h~
nay qua ngheo kh6 va khOng c6 ban th6' d@ tuang nh6 16 Uen cila chfnh mlnh ..
9 v~ hi~n tUQ'ng nay a Han Qu6c, c6 bao cao (~.m980) cho bi~t r~ng, t~i mQt 56 nai a vung hai dao, n6 duQ'C ti~n
hanh nhu la mQt phc1n cila t~p tl,lC; nhung ngoai vung d6 ra, gia nhu c6 duQ'c U~n hanh thl cOng la bi~n phap mang tfnh
~l..:lO:::........ _ _ _ _ __..:H~i~~n~d~~~i ..:.:va~' ~do~~ n~g~t~h~a~i c~u:::a~t::.:ru~y~S.::n...:th:.:.:6:..:' n~gc...:(y=_V...:....:.:i~:...:..t_=_N...:.a=m_=_:_N__=h ____ fr_n~g_=_c_a_ch_ti_"Sp~ca:.... n_n_h_a_n-=..;h~
a truemg h<;>p :#3, cilng tuang tl,l' nhu v~y, (y nM nguOi anh ca co bat h~ang cua cha my, va nguOi em trai tho m9t cach d~c bi~t bat huang cua nguOi bac (chi gill cua b6; nguOi nay dfl thay my nu6i anh cho d~n tu6i truang thanh VI my anh m:it khi anh can r:it be).
a truang h<;>p #34, nguOi chli cua ego (FyB) dfl ban b~c v6i cha cua ego (F) rbi quy~t dinh lflnh thua k~ vi~c tho ph\!ng ba n9i cua ego (PM). Cac cling gi6 khac cilng dang lam t~i nM cua mlnh.
a truong h<;>p #21, truang nam nh~n tho ph\!ng h~ th6ng phfa cha, can thu nam thl tho nguOi hQ hang cua 6ng ngo~i (b6 cua my) VI 6ng ngo~i kh6ng co nguOi n6i dOi.
a truemg h<;>p 28, vi~c cling gi6 6ng n9i (FF) duQ'c t6 chuc (y nM nguOi chli (FyB) hi~n s6ng t~i
Sill Gon. Can vi~c gi6 ba thl lam a Th~nh Phuac, nhung nguOi chli kh6ng dSn duQ'c do tu6i dfl cao (80 tu6i), VI v~y nguOi chli se th~p huang t~ nM mlnh a Sai Gon, tuc la thl,l'c hi~n vi~c tho vQng ..
#34
M FF F
•
. Quail Am
Chu thfch: F: cha; M:ml(; FyB: chu; FF: ang n9i; FM: bil n9i;
2.3.3. ThO' plu.mg ta tien ben ngo{li
FM
y
=. M
ego
* NguO'i chu (FyB) n6i v&i cha cua ego (F). vii quy~t dinh thO' ml('cua h9 (ba ni;li cua ego, FM)
t~i nhil minh. Con trai nguO'i chu
bay giO' thO' ba n9i thay nguO'i cM.
Tho ph\!ng t6 tien ben ngo~i co nghi'a la: v6i truemg h<;>p phfa nha b6 my de cua nguOi ph\! nu dfl xu:it gia kh6ng co con trai/chau trai nen kh6ng can nguOi n6i d6i vi~c tho cling t6 tien, thl con chau cua nguOi ph\! nu :iy se thvc hi~n vi~c tho cling t6 tien nam cua ben nM my minh. Trang do, cilng co truemg h<;>p (nhu truemg h<;>p 21 va 30) tho t6 tien ben ngo~ ngay t~i ban tho chfnh cua gia dlnh, nhung ph~n nhi~u (nhu truemg h<;>p 20, 45, 48, 58) thlla: co ban tho chfnh tho t6 tien ben nha mlnh (ben cha), rbi d?t them bat huang tho t6 tien ben ngo~i vao ben c~nh, hay a ban tho t~i
mQt phong khac.
NguQ'c l~, cilng co truemg h<;>p l~i tho t6 tien ben ngo~i a ban tho chfnh can t6 tien ben minh (ben cha) thl tho a ban tho d?t ben c~nh do (nhu truemg h<;>p :#30); l~i cilng co eli truang h<;>p tho hai dOi t6 tien ben ngo~i (nhu truemg h<;>p #1-8), a truang h<;>p nay co Ie la do ngfru nhien rna phfa nM cha my de cua nguOi vq lien tiSp hai dOi kh6ng co nguOi n6i doi.
4: Nghi zi va ton #48 FMF FF F MF FM * M H9i d611g (cd, Sa) ego H9i d61lg