I. KHAl Nl £M V£ HIEN TL/ONG TAM LI XAH & \
2. Cac hien tirong tam li xa hoi tao ra ban sac dan toe, cong dong
2.1. Truyenthong
2.1.1. Khai niem
Truyen thdng la nhiing gid tri tinh than,tutuemgthe hien trong ket qua.qua trinh hoqt dong cua cac nhom xa hoi duoc ghi lai dudi hinh thUccac khai niem,
nghi le, each thicc hanh viieng xi( cua ede thanh vien trong nhom xa hdi ddi vdi ede quanhixdhoi.
Vi du: Truyen thdng cua dan t6c ta la truydn thong yeu nude, dung cam,
batkhuat,c£n cu,sang tao,tOnsutrongdao...
2.1.2.Dacdiemcuatruyenthong
-Tmh On dinh cua c£c c£ch thde hanh vi ting xti cua con ngufri trong mOt cOngdong qua nhiOu the'
he.
V£ du, le h6i truy4n thO'
ng Den Hung duoc coi la ngay “Qudc gi6”, duoc
Dang va Nhanude quydinh lamOttrong nhiingngayle ldn cuadan t6chang nSm, d4 nhde nher con chdu mudn defi phai nhd v4 coi ngudn dan t6c. Dan gian ta
co c&u:
"DuaidingUacvixudi
- Truyen thO'
ng mang tmh ddc dao rieng cua m6i c6ng ddng, mdi nhom xa hdi no phan anh quanhe da dang va xay ra trong cac quan h£ ngudi-ngudi khi
cung nhau hoat dong.
- Truyen thdng lrru giu: nhung kinh nghi£m lich sir phat men cua xa hdi,
truyfin lai cho thd he sau qua nhOng nghi16, the Lhirc hanh vi va bieu Id cam xuc cua con ngudi trong cdc quan hd xa hoi — Id mdt trong nhieu hinh tlufc x&y dung
ythurc nhom,ythdcxa hdi.
2.1.3.Ndi dung cCiatruyenthong baog6m cac yeu to
- Hoat dong nham cung cf> cac phirong thurc hanh vi cua nhom vk ca nhSn nhdcdctaptuc, nghi16, nghi thtic.
- Cam xuc: Cach thurc bidu 16 cam xuc cua nhom xa hdi th6ng qua nhung tinh huong,sukidn,quan he xahdi(kinhte,van hod, phdp quy6n,giao due...).
- Li trf : Truy£n lai caceach thdre llnh hdi tri tud (each suy nghi,tu duy), n6
li&nquanden cachien tuong tftmli xa hdi khac nhirdirluin xa hdi, bdu khdng khi t&m If.
2.1.4.Vaitrd cua truyenthong
-Truyen thd'
ng c6 vai tr6 duy tri trdt tu cac quan he xa hoi, dam baocho su
6ndinh hoat ddng, sinh hoatcuacacthanh vien trong nhom.
-G6p phdnx&y dung nhungchudn muc,khudn mdu hanhvi dng xutrongcac quanhe xahdi6ndinhchoede thanh vientrong nh6m,ddc bietla vdi thehetrc.
- Tao ra nhung khacbiet ddcdao c£n thifit giua cac nhom xa hdi, edng d6ng
trongt6churcsinh hoatcudcsdng.
Tom lai, truyen thd'
ng la nhung gia tri xa hdi duefe xdy dung trong motthdi gian ddi vdi qud trinh lao ddng cung nhau cua cac thanh vien, duoc vun dap bdi
m6h6i,nude mat th&mchixucrng maucuaedeth£hd di tnrdc. Do vdy, videduy tri
nhungtruy6n thdng van hoa la rd'
t c£nthid't vdi cac nhom xahdi va edngddngede
dan tdc.Tuy nhidn, co nhung truyen thd'
ng trai qua then gian no khdng con phu
hop va trd thanh “hu tuc lac hau” do do no cin dupe thay the bdi nhung truy6n
thdng mdigop ph£n thuc day vaduy tri nhdmxa hdi phdt tridn. Vdnd£dat racho
cac nha hoat dong xa hdi trong do co nhdn vien c6ng tdc xa hoi la xay dung
va cung cd,phat tridn nhung truyen thdng tot dep,dau tranh choiig lai die hu tuc
2,2. Phong tuc
*Khai rti&m:
Phongtuc latonghopnhunghanhviumg xirttrongddi6ndinh trongcicquan
hexahoitheom6tthe thurcsinh hoat b£n vung cuac£c nh6m xa h6i.
*Dacdiem:
-Tinh b£n vung, 6n dinh c£c thd thurc hanh vi xa h6i trong sinh hoat,do do
nduc£n thaydoi thi novein dong ratcham chap,cophong tuc trd thanhhii tuc (do
cham thay d6indnkhCng phu hop).
-Tmh chuan muc cua phong tuc, khi mot the thirc sinh hoat cua m6t nh6m
xa h6i trathanh phong tuc thi moi ngircfi curthd noi theo,lam theo khongcin ban
cai,tranh luan* .
-Trong qua trinh phat trien xa h6i, hinh thurc bieu hien cua phong tuc b6n
vung honn6i dung v6trat tu,the thurc hanh vi xa h6i cua con ngircd trongcac thcri Jd phattrien xahoi.
Vi du: tuc vg tang ma: sir kien nay mai mai t6n tai trong xa h6i loai ngircri, nhimg m6i qutfc gia,dan tdclaico phong tucrieng, m6i thdi dai phat trienxa hdi ngudita lai them bcrt cac the thurc hanh vi cho phu hopvcisuphat trien kinhtexa
hdi v& quanhe ngudi—ngudi dang t6ntai.
*Chute ndngcua phongtuc:
-Hudmgdan hanh vi umg xircua con ngircritrongcac nhom xa hdi.
-Taodung cac vai tro, vi trixa hdi khacnhau cho con ngudioede giai doan phat trien liratudi,trongciclinhvuc khac nhau cuasinhhoatxa hdi.
-Gido due nhan thurc cho con ngudi, xay dung tmh cam va ki nSng hanh vi ban d£uchocon ngudi.
- Phong tuc co pham vi anh huemg rat lcm, thudng bao quat ca mot dan tdc hoacm6tquocgia,mdtvung lanh thdrOng1cm.
Ngoai phong tucc6 tmhchat ben vung thitruyen thong, thi hie'
u...cung la ndi dung tarn Ifcua nhom1dm.