kienvathentaqngtrongnhomxah6i.
N6usq kien,hientaqngdung cham dinquydnIqi cuadas6'
thi daluin xa h6i
hinhthanh nhanhchong, khbng c6 ban cai,ddng thednoc6 hidu Iqcldnhuy d6ng
daqcquinchungdi dinnhangquyetdinhthqctidn.
-Muredo chuin biciiaquinchung di tie'
pnhinsq kien, hientaqng.
- Dac didm tam If xa hoi cua quSn chung: ndp nghl, nhiing tieu chudn dd
danh gia sukidn,hiCn tupng, tam thdxahdi, trang thaicam xuc...
-Cdc phucmg ti&n th6ng tin daichung,s6lupngchat lupng thong tin.
-Mutedd ph4ttridncuanh6m.
-Hoanearth chfnh tri.
3.3.4. Chile nang ciladi/ luanxa hdi
-Chute nang dieu chinh hanh vi cua c4 nhdn trong cac quan hd xa hdi theo mpt dinh hudng nhat dinh.
Vi du: hidn nay vdn de tham nhung dang la “qude nan” va mot trong nhiing
bien phap de khac phuc vdn dd n&y la taora du ludn xa hdi rdng khdp dd l§n an hanh vi tham nhung.
— Chute nang kiem che hoac klch thi'ch su phat tridn cac qua trinh tam If tich cue,han chetieucuetrong edequanhd xa hdi trongnhom.
-Chute nang gidodue: Dinh huPng v&oedechudn muc hanh vi xa hdi,dao li
cua con nguPi tuy theo Ida tuoi, nghd nghidp, phong tuc tap quan cua cac nh6m, edng dong xa hdi ma sua chira hoac xdy mci nhiing hdnh vi xa hdi edn thidt cho cac thanh vidntrongnhom“Dao giangtuy/ khuc,nhap giatuy tuc”.
Du ludn xa hdirdt quan trong trongcac giai doan phdt trien cua tdp thd. Du
ludn xa hoi lanh manh la sdc manh tinh thdn duy tri su 6n dinh ben vung cua
nhom xa hoitheo cac dinh hudng mdnhiing nha quanIf,lanh daodd ra.
3.3.5. Phdn bietdUluan xa hdi vdi tin d6n
Theo Allport vd Postman - hai nha tdm If hoc Mi, tin d6n Id mdt su khang dinh vd mdtchu dddupe quan tam ma khongco du bang chung dang tin cdy dupe
duara.
Tin don Id phuong thiic giao tidp bang ngdn ngii, noi ldn tmh dac thu trong
doi sdng hangngay vatrong ede t6chutexahdi.
Trong giaotidp hang ngay,cac thdng tindupetruydn turchu thd giao tidpnay
sang chu the giao tidp khac.Doco kho khan trong vide nhPcacsukidn,cac ngdn
tut edn truydn dat, cung nhu mute dp thu nhdn thdng tin khac nhau, do each nhin
nhdn vandd khde nhau, n£ncac dd'
i tupng giaotidpda thu ndidung thdng tintheo
each hidu cua minh. Vi v4y, tin truydn midng thuPng bi mdo md hoac sai lpch la
didu tatyd'
u trong giaotidpxahdi.
Su khac nhau coban giura du luan xahdi vdi tin ddn xa hdi dupe thdhipn qua
Tin don Dir luan xahoi
Tieu chi
— Co the lk vSn cua
ck nhknho&c c6ngcAng.
TmhIdem chtrng cua
v3hdedtroe dScapted
- Vkn cua du lukn xa h6i
thirfmglienquandehllnhvuc
c6ng c6ng,
-Ngu6nkilmchung: coquan
churc nangva phuongtien thong
tindai chung.
— Kho kiem chirng ve
v&i de tin don.
Mire d6 tham gia cua
yeu tf) tinhthan
Muc dStham gia cao. Mdc d6tham giathkp.
Kenhphobien Chu yeu qua kenh thong tin
dai chring.
Chu y£u qua kenh giao
tiSpck nhkm
Tinh6ndinh* C6 tmh 6ndinh cao hem, kho
thay doihon.
Dfithay doihon.
D5tincay Tin cSycao. Tincaythkp.
Tham khao:Dirlu$nxahOicdy nghla quan trongdd'
i vdicOnglacdan vanhien nay
N6i d£ndu luan xa hOi, ngucritanghldd'
ndola</ kifnchungcua cOngchung v6mOt v5h ddnao
domihoquan tam,litmOthinh thurcbidu thi trang thai,</ IdOn cua xa hdi. KhimOt hientuongxa
hOixukt hien,mOtsdngudi nimbat duoc,hotruyln di cho nhung ngucri kMc cung traoddi,ban
bac, tranhluan,xemx£thien tucmgdotrong mdi quanhe loi ichcua canhan,cuanh6mngucri,cua
xa hOi.
Can phan bietduluin xahOivdi tin d6n.Du lu&n xa hdi mangtinh khach quan va ducrctruySn
di mdteachc6ngkhai.chinh thuc trencac thOng tin dai chung va cotinh trach nhiftm xa hOicao
boinoham chtfa,gqi ycac£ch giaiquyg'
t v3hde.Con tinddn Ik hifin tucmgtruyfinthOngtin tir ca
nhinnaysangci nhan kh£c mang nangchi'nh kie'
n,y5utOchuquancuaca nhan,bao ham casu
phongdai,xuSftph£t tirsuthatnhung doqua lan truy&inSntinh bia dat kh£ cao,lam sai lech so
vdri thOng tin ban dSu.Tind6nthuong lan truydn thOng tin khOng chinh thirc va khong cotrach
nhiemxahOi.Batcumdtsukien xa hOi nko cung lien quande'
n loi ichcuacac nhdm ngucritrong
xa hOi- Nhung difeu quan trong lacac nh6m ngudi do co nhan thucduoc v2Cnde hay khOng. Qua
traoddi thao luancOngkhai nhung nh6m ldn,nhung nhomcoloi ich phit hop vdri loi ich chung va
nhung nhdm bie'
ttdchuc thOng tin,tuySn truydn,vandOng khOnkhdo thudng tao duocduluan xa
h6itingh6viOcbaovfilqifchcuaho.Quatrlnh phattridncuadu luanxahoi tuanthu theoquyluat “phanxa xoayvong”.ThOngtin chinh la ydutdtdc dOng,lOicuO'ncricnhdmxahOivaovongxoay
cuatraoddi,ban bac, tranhluan,bay toquan didqi,thai doddi veri nhQngngudixungquanh, tao
thanh du luln xahpi.Nhungsirkien trong dai tacdungIdnda'
n ddi s6ngxa hoi taora nhieu cupc
traoddi,tranhluln sdi ndi taothanh phan ling xahdi matih me.Dirlulnxa hdi phu thuoc vlo ht
thonggiltri,chuln mifcvan hoadang tdn taiif mdicOngdong.Vivly,cung mOtsirkien xayraif
mdicOngddng xa hoi,m6ihoancanhlichsir khacnhau xuSthiennhung luongdu lulnkhacnliau.
Dir lulnxa hdi khdng nhung bi£ndditheo thengian,khonggianvl mditrutmgvan hoa,ma nocon
bie?h ddi theosirphlt triencuaxah5i va phlt triencuaddituong.Du]uln xahoi la hinhthircbi£u
hien die thu cua y thde xa hdi trong ddisdng tinh thin cuacon ngudi, II hien tuong tlmli phtfc
tap,cosutacdongcua y thircxahdi nhutin ngudng,ton gilo,daoddc,vln hoa...Dululn xahoi
co y nghla quan trong trong quan If nhl nude, dac biet la trong cong tic vlnddng quin chung.
Nlmdupe dululnxahdi nham thamminichoDang,Nhlnude d6ra nhungchutruong,chfnhsach
cu th£trongtiftig thdidiem nhat dinh.Bdi vl trongddisdng xa hoi ddi hoi chungta phai hieuslu
sicnhucdu vllpi ich cuaquan chung.Nam du luln xa hdila mot trongnhirng hinh thde\6tnhlt
de thu thlp thdngtin,phananh nhirng tlm tu,nguydn vpngcung nhunhimgsuy nghivlcam xuc
cuacac ting lopnh&ndin trongxahdL Ddngthdi, giup nhung ngudi lamedngtac vln dongquan
chung nlm bat kip thdi thuc trang cung nhu dien bie'
n tutudng cua clc nhdtn ngudi trong xa hoi
khac nhau. DlyII nhung ngudn thdng tin quy gia giup ta khlc phuc dupe henh quanlieu, xa rdi
quan chung,xardi thuc tidn, khicphuc benhduyy chitronglanh dao,quan If.Noichung,xahdi
clng phat trien, trinh d6 van hoa cua quinchung ngay cang cao, din chu clng md rpng thl sdc
manhcuadululnxahpiclng Idn,no tacddng Muxa hdi nhu nhung lu|t le khdngthanh van ban.
Trong hoat dong quin If xa hpi doi hoi chung ta phai hieubifitslu sic thuctiln xahoi,hieu biet
nhu clu va loi ichcuaquinchungtrong sanxultcung nhu trongddi sdng.Cach mang lasirnghiep
cua quin chung,trong edng cupcxlydungchii nghla xa h6i noi chung v!sunghiep doi mdi noi
rieng.Dolak tquatritudvacOng siicciianhan din dudisulanhdaocuaDang,lasuginbomau
thit vdi nhln din. Vivly,16 chuc nghien cuu dir luan xahpi nipteach nghiem tuc11 phuong tien
clnthiet phathuyquyInllm chiicuanhlndin vl mdrpngdinchii xa hoi-Hien nay,dltnude
ta dang hdi nhlpngayclngsluvaokinhte'
qu6ct£,nhieu vlhdemdi naysinhrlt phongphu vada
d<mg.VIvly viectlmhilu,nambitvaphan rich du luln xahdise chochungtanhung thongtinv4
cac hoat ddngcuacicccf quan Ding, Nhl nude.Mat trln vicic doan the.Cac thdng tin nayla
nhung tin hieu phan h6i tit phfa xa hdi,tirphia quin chung ddi vdi viec thuc hien cac nhiem vu
kinh te'- xa hdi. Nhung thdng tin nay11mdt trongnhimg cln curquan trong de nham giup cho
nhtfngngudilamedngtac vlnddngquinchungki6mtra cong taccuaminh, dong thdi co themco
sotham muu choDang va Nhanudedl ra nhimgchiitruongdungdin vamang Lai hieuqua thiet
thuc,Nhirng ngudi llm edngtic vln ddngquinchungcln nam du luln xahdi, mptmat gop phln
nlngcao f thurcgiacngdchfnh tritrongquinchung, mdrdngdin chu;ddng vienquinchung tham
gia vio xly dung Nhl nude,quan If xa hdi, mat khlc, gopphln tingcudng mdi quan he giua
Dang, Nhlnude vdi nhln din ngay clnggin bo hem.Tronggiai doan clch mang hien nay, ca he
hoat dingcuaDing,Nha nude,Mat trln va clcdolnthl dluxult phat tCrloiichcua nhln din lao
dong vlcua cadan tfec, Qua du lulnxa hai denlm bit dupe tarn trang cua nhln dan,hieu duoc
nguyfen vong,1m fchcuahodedera chutruong,chmhsachph£ihup-“GiQchatm6i life he veridin
chiingvl ludnlingnghcy kilndin chung.Dolanentanglire lugngcuadoanthe*
vlnhddomadoln th£thinglqi”(HdChi Minh).
Tom lai,nhung ngucrillmedngtac vlnd&ngquinchiing6bitctf thdi diemnaomuonlamtotvai trd,trachnhifem cuaminh dfeuphai quan llm dindu luan xah6i, Trongmoidilukien,holn canh khlc nhau, duluan xa hOi deu c6 anhhudng quan trong den ddi sing cuacanhln vacua cong
ding,dinkitquacuaquitrinhphat trien kinhtl-xahfei,anninh,quocph&ng cuadia phuongv& dlt nude.Trong xahdi tahifennay,vifectlmhi^u vanlmbitdu luanxahfei datrdthanhdilukien quantrong dambaoc6ngticlanh daoviquanItdat duochifeuqua ngay cangcao