C Oy nghia triidng ton eua dan toẹ Do do, cae phiidng tien thong t i n dai chung c6 trach nhiem truyen ba rong
IIỊ Cac giai phap phat huy vai tro cua cac phuorng tien thong tin dai chung trong sir nghiep cong nghiep
tien thong tin dai chung trong sir nghiep cong nghiep hoa, hien dai hoa nong nghiep nong thon dong bang song Hong
Trufdc yeu cau doi m 6 i dat nif6e, day n h a n h qua t r i n h cong nghiep hoa, h i e n dai hoa nong nghiep nong t h o n t r o n g dieu k i e n k i n h te t h i t r i i d n g t h i : " V a n de q u a n t r o n g h a n g dau dat ra cho bao ehi t r o n g t h d i k y cong nghiep hoa, h i e n dai hoa la d a m bao diide d i n h h a d n g , gop p h a n giiJ g i n , on d i n h e h i n h t r i xa hoi"*'*. Y e u cau ay doi hoi cac phufdng t i e n t h o n g t i n dai c h u n g p h a i p h a t t r i e n toan dien, ca só lifdng va chat lifdng, t r o n g do, chat liJdng t h o n g t i n p h a i cao va p h a i gan v6i chat liidng c h i n h t r i , tif ttfdng, v6i Idi ich, con difdng
p h a t t h e n quoc gia dan toe, gin vdi he t h o n g m i n h t r i e t t r o n g t\i tifdng phifdng D o n g va v a n hoa d a n toe V i e t
N a m .
" ' Ban Tir tirong - Van hoa Tiung uong. Hoi Nha bao Viet Nam. Tic tiámg Ho Chi Minh i r bao chi ccich iming. Nxb C T Q G , Ha Npị tr. 129.
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'4
T i i nhQng cd sd ly l u a n va thtfc t i e n nghien eiiu t r e n , chung toi x i n m a n h dan de xuat mot so giai phap n h a m nang cao hieu qua ciia cac phUdng t i e n thong t i n dai chung t r o n g t h d i gian t6i n h i i sau:
3.1. Phai CO nhan thitc dung dan va nghiem tiic ve vai tro cua cac phuang tien thong tin dai tiic ve vai tro cua cac phuang tien thong tin dai chung trong ca chethi trudng
C h i CO ngUdi ich k y , dat dong t i e n len t r e n Idi ich
cua quoc gia, dan toe m 6 i coi cac phiidng t i e n thong t i n dai ehung la san p h a m "hang hoa" t h o n g thifdng, l a m ra de ban. Ve thiJe chat, m o i san p h a m eiia cac phUdng t i e n t h o n g t i n dai chung ( n h u mot t d bao, mot chifdng t r i n h p h a t t h a n h , t r u y e n h i n h hay mot bo p h i m ) la mot san p h a m v a n hoa dac biet, muc dich l a m ra la de phuc v u n h u cau v a n hoa t i n h t h a n cua n h a n dan lao dong, eua quoc gia, dan toẹ C h i n h v i vay, k h i bat tay vao tao ra cac san p h a m v a n hoa dac biet do, ngifdi ta da p h a i t i n h den h i e u qua va h a u qua ma no tae dong vao xa hoi, ma gia t r i cua san p h a m nay l a i p h u thuoc vao cac yeu to" cd ban la t r u y e n t h o n g v a n hoa, hoan canh lich sif, dieu k i e n k i n h te va lói song cua cong dong dan toe, t a m ly tiep n h a n cua cong dong va m o i trifdng phap ly ma no boat dong. T u y n h i e n , niJdc ta dang "bif6c vao" nen k i n h te t h i trifdng nen n h i e u ngifdi con n h a n thiic sai lech ve eae p h i i d n g t i e n t h o n g t i n dai chung va cho rSng viee canh t r a n h de ton t a i la tat yeu cua cd che t h i triidng.
Ta do, ho coi viec van hoa A u M i t r a n ngap vao Viet Nam, "ngtf t r i " tren cac san pham van hoa tinh than cua cac phiidng tien thong t i n dai chung Viet Nam la •' "chuyen thifdng t i n h " , khong ft ngUdi con "ta hao" vi da
"loi keo" diidc nhQng quang cao beo bd cua nii6c ngoai cho td bao cua m i n h , ma khong he nghi rfing quang cao
do CO the danh vao cac gia t r i van hoa, loi song dan toe,
lam thay doi dan cac quan niem gia t r i theo thuyet minh triet cua xa hoi chung tạ Trong boi canh hoi nhap, da phUdng hoa hien nay, chiing ta khong the dong
cxia bien gidi, chung ta cang khong the ngan can thong t i n tran vao ma can c6 nhan thijfc dung ve vai tro cua cac phiJdng tien thong t i n dai chung, de st( dung cac phutdng tien thong t i n dai chung lam phUdng tien dvfng
len mot hang rao mem ve van hoa - do la long yeu nxidc,
y thiic cong dan va long tvf hao dan toe Viet Nam, dao ly cua ngifdi Viet Nam, loi song cua ngiidi Viet Nam - de ngan chan va chong lai ke t h u "dien bien hoa binh". Phat buy truyen thong van hoa Viet Nam, chon loc va tiep t h u t i n h hoa van hoa the gi6i de c6 the tao lap dUdc nhQng gia t r i van hoa mdị Chmh vi vay, nang cao nhan thiic ve vai tro cua cac phiidng tien thong t i n dai chung trong t i n h hinh va dieu kien m6i cho can bo quan ly, can bo lanh dao cac cap, can bo lanh dao, doi ngu ngtfdi lam thong t i n dai chiing la viec lam cap thiet trong dieu kien hien naỵ
3.2. Phdi CO moi triidng phdp ly cho hoat dong cua cac phitang tien thong tin dai chung phdt cua cac phitang tien thong tin dai chung phdt trien dung hudng
Thdi gian qua, c6 doi luc bao chi "bung" ra khong the kiem tra, kiem soat noị Noi dung thong t i n chong cheo giuta cac cd quan thong t i n dai chung, viia thieu chinh xac, vijfa giat gan cau khach bSng nhutng chuyen
tinh, tien, txx, toị Chinh vi vay, can phai ra soat lai cac
dieu luat, cac van ban du6i luat ve quan ly, kiem tra, thanh tra, xvf ly ky luat doi v6i cac cd quan hoac ca nhan lam thong t i n dai chung mSc sai pham, bo sung nhiJng dieu luat con thieu hoac c6 ma chifa du manh, nhftm quan ly cac phUdng tien thong t i n dai chung tot hdn. NhU vay, viec xay dUng he thong van ban phap qui, nang cao nhan thiic, hieu biet ve luat phap, y thiic chap hanh luat phai gan lien vdi cac bien phap quan ly bSt buoc, xik ly nghiem minh nhutng vi pham. Neu khong nhii the, moi c6' gang nang cao chat lifdng cac phUdng tien thdng t i n dai chung chi la niia vdị
3.3. Can xay dung mqng liidi phiiang tien thong tin dqi chung thong tin dqi chung
Xay dtfng mang lifdi thong t i n dai chung ivL T r u n g Udng den cd sd, dac biet la he thong phat thanh, truyen t h a n h d cac vung nong nghiep nong thon, de
dam bao cho moi gia dinh deu c6 dieu kien tiep nhan thong t i n bon cap (Trung Udng, t i n h , huyen, xa - thon).
Cac thiet bi ky thuat can phai dudc kiem t r a , bd sung, thay the thUdng xuyen de dam bao qui t r i n h thong t i n dat chat lUdng caọ M a t khac, cac dai phat t h a n h , t r u y e n h i n h , bao, tap chi, nha xuat ban... can trao đi k m h nghiem nghe nghiep, giao liiu vdi cong chung dong bang song Hong thUdng xuyen hdn b^ng each tao ra cac dien dan, cac "san chdi" van hoa vdi nhQng chu
de t h i e t thdc, qua do hitdng dkn nhan thiic cua nhan
dan theo hifdng chan - t h i e n - mỵ De lam difdc nhQng
cong viec nay, Nha nifdc can c6 s\i dau t i i ngan sach
thich dang cho cac dia phđng de nang cap phiidng tien, dai ngo hdp ly n h i i n g can bo gioi, c6 tam huyet vdi nghe nghiep.
Cac xa, thon can xay dvfng nha "bifu dien van hoa", t u sach Ivfu dong, cac doi van nghe, cac cau lac bo de moi ngUdi c6 the trUc tiep tiep t h u t r i thiic k h i chUa (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});
CO dieu kien mua bao, dai, t i v i ; c6 dieu kien giao lUu, hoc hoi k i n h nghiem, md mang tam hieu biet xa hoị Qua nhiing h i n h thiic sinh boat nay con ngiidi se gSn ket vdi nhau hdn trong cong dong, cung nhau lam giau cho gia dinh va xa hoi, cung nhau v u i song mot cuoc
song CO van hoạ To chiic tot viec k h a i thac thong t i n
tren cac phUdng tien thong t i n dai chung, tao ra thoi quen nghe, doc lam theo sd hiidng dan cua "bao, dai" trong phat trien kinh te - xa hoi d nong thon dong bang song Hong hien naỵ
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3.4. Ddo tao dpi ngu phong vien, bien tap vien dap ling yeu cdu cua sU nghiep cong nghiep hoạ dap ling yeu cdu cua sU nghiep cong nghiep hoạ Men dai hoa dat nitdc
Day la doi ngu trifc tiep boat dong bao chi, trtfc tiep tao nen chat liidng phat thanh - truyen hinh, do vay viec khong ngiing xay difng, cung co va nang cao trinh do cho
doi ngii nay la mot yeu cau het s\ic bijfc thiet va phaí
thifc hien thiidng xuyen, lien tuc.
Chi t h i 22 cua Bo Chinh t r i neu ro: "Ngifdi boat dong bao chi phai theo dinh hudng cua Dang va phap luat cua Nha nifdc, c6 ban linh chinh t r i viSng vang, tinh chien dau cao, pham chat dao dijfc trong sang, kien thiic sau rong, trinh do nghiep vu va ngoai ngii ngay mot nang cao, luon g^n bo vdi thdc t i l n dat nifdc". Day la yeu cau, tieu chuan cd ban cua ngiidi lam bao trong giai doan hien naỵ La ngUdi linh xung kich tren mat tran t i i tiidng van hoa, ngiidi phong vien phai nhan thiic ro rftng bao chi khong dijfng ngoai chinh t r i , bao chi khong doc lap vdi chinh t r i . Vi the, m6i phong vien phai khong ngiing ren luyen, nang cao nhan thiic ve ly luan chinh t r i , nam viing diidng lói, chu triidng, quan diem ciia
Dang, phap luat ciia Nha niidc qua viec tii doc, i^i hoc, tii
nghien ciiu t i m hieu: tham gia vao cac budi sinh boat
chinh t r i , hoc tap nghi quyet... day la yeu cau bat buoc
doi vdi tat ca phong vien, tuy d miic do khac nhau, đi
v6i phong vien la dang vien t h i yeu cau nay cang dat cao
hdn va mijfc do t\i giac cung cao hdn niiạ "
Trong thdi ky cong nghiep hoa, hien dai hoa, doi ngu phong vien, bien tap vien phai diidc dao tao ve cd ban, ve nghiep vu bao chi thong qua cac trUdng 16p chinh quy hoac t a i chCfc; phai thong thao nhQng ky nang nghe nghiep thuoc Hnh viic m i n h p h u trach. Ngoai kien thi3c chuyen mon sau, phong vien, bien tap vien phai t r a u doi, ren luyen de c6 nhi3ng kien thiic rong r a i ve cac l i n h vvic khac, nhat la nhQng kien thiic ve k i n h te, van hoa, phap luat... Yeu cau cua phong vien, bien tap vien hien nay la
phai t h a t gioi mot h n h vvic va hieu biet nhieu l i n h v\ic;
biet ngoai ngii va t i n hoc.
Phong vien can thvfdng xuyen di thilc te, bam sat t i m hieu thQc t i l n , coi thtic t i i n la von song, la nguon thong t i n sinh dong, da dang, day sang tao, bat ngd cho cac bai viet. Phong vien di nhieu, gSn bo v6i thiic t i l n se hieu difdc cuoc song thiic t i i n hdn, gan dan hdn va thong cam v6i ngifdi dan hdn. NhiJng t i n h cam do cong v6i
nhQng kien thiifc t h u thap dQdc tvL thQc te se lam giau them von song, hoan thien dan nhan each, t\i each cua
ngiidi phong vien, se lam cho nhQng bai viet phong phu
va CO hon hdn. Cac cd quan thong t i n dai chiing can dao
tao mot liic lUdng phong vien, bien tap vien chuyen sau ve nhQng I m h viic k i n h te - xa hoi d nong thon vung dong bang song Hong. Co nhQ vay m6i phan anh dung
dan, day du nhQng van de cong nghiep hoa, hien dai hoa d day dat ra va mdi c6 the diia ra nhQng giai phap kha t h i de phat buy tac dung cua thong t i n dai chung mot each CO hieu quạ
3.5. Tang cudng vai tro Idnh dao cua Dang, si/
quan ly cua Nhd niidc doi vdi thong tin dai chung
Dang lanh dao boat dong truyen thong dai chung
noi chung va bao chi noi rieng la nguyen tkc hang dau,
bat di bat dich. Trong t i n h hinh hien nay, doi hoi sQ lanh dao cua Dang doi vdi boat dong thong t i n dai chung ngay cang can thiet hdn bao gid bet.
Dang lanh dao thong t i n dai chung khong chi bang dUdng 161 mang tinh dinh hufdng, ma thiidng xuyen chi ra cho thong t i n dai chung phifdng hif6ng cu the trong tQng thdi kỵ NhQng Dang lanh dao thong t i n dai chung khong phai theo kieu "cam tay chi viec", ma lanh dao thong qua viec boi dQdng doi ngu can bo cot can, lam cho cap uy Dang thQc hien tot sQ lanh dao cua m i n h ma khong sa vao nhQng viec cu the, hoac di sau vao nghiep vu chuyen mon. (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});
Dang ta la dang cam quyen, sQ lanh dao cua Dang doi vdi thong t i n dai chung, chii yeu thong qua viec t h i hanh phap luat va quan ly Nha nQdc. Quan diem cua Dang ta la: phat trien di doi vdi quan ly tot mang iQdi thong tin, bao chi, xuat ban, phat thanh, truyen hinh.
Nha nvidc quan ly bao chi, phat thanh - truyen
hinh, do do moi boat dong bao chi, phat thanh - truyen
hinh phai phuc vu Idi ich Nha nxidc, cua nhan dan; moi
cd quan bao chi va tat ca cac phong vien, nha bao deu
'dUdc t u do boat dong tren cd sd ton chi, muc dich cua ban bao va luat phap cua Nha nU6c. V i bao chi cua
chung ta la bao chi each mang nen cac cd quan Dang,
Nha nU6e, cac cd quan bao chi cung can xac lap vdi cac cd
quan bao chi mot kenh thong t i n chinh thong, t i n cay, tranh gay n h i i u loan thong tin, tao dieu kien de bao chi
tiep can va x\i ly tot nguon thong t i n mang tinh phap ly;
dong thdi cac cd quan quan ly bao chi ciing can nghien ciiu, hu6ng d i n cu the nhijtng van de ma bao chi khong diidc dang cong khai, gay bat Idi cho xa hoị
Khong nen hieu rang sU lanh dao cua Dang va
quan ly cua Nha nU6c la "bo hep", "that lai", quan ly
dong nghia v6i quan ly hanh chinh.
Dang lanh dao, Nha nU6c quan ly bao chi chinh la
nh&m phat buy t i n h sang tao cua doi ngii cac nha bao, giup ho sua chijta khuyet diem, lech lac, yeu kem; het siifc coi trong viec phat buy tai nang, sang tao va nhiing liu diem cua họ Quan ly cung la sif thao luan, hif6ng d i n ,
riit kinh nghiem va giup đ nhiing ngUdi lam bao trong nhiem vu giii viing dinh hUdng chinh t r i , giQ gin ban s^c
van boa, dao dijfc, truyen thong tot dep eua dan toe, nang
cao dan t r i , cung co long tin, hoan thien con ngUdị >
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ThUc hien nhflng quan diem tren, cac cap iiy Dang can tiep tuc quan tam, giiip đ tao dieu kien nhieu hdn nijta cho bao chi ca nUdc noi chung va cua cac tinh dong bang song Hong noi rieng khong ngijfng phat trien. Tren cd sd do, Tinh liy, Uy ban nhan dan cac tinh, thanh c6 ke hoach dau t u , phat trien, quy hoach he thong bao chi cho phij hdp vdi t i n h hinh thUc te dia phifdng. Tren cd sd nhiing chi t h i , nghi quyet ve eong tac bao chi cua Dang, Nha nude, Tinh uy, Thanh uy kip thdi cu the boa de hudng d i n , giai thich, dinh hUdng tuyen truyen cho cae cd quan bao chi dia phUdng, dong thdi tang eUdng kiem tra, giam sat cac boat dong bao chi nham ngan ehan, uon nan nhiing vi pham, lech lac mot each nhanh chong va hieu qua nhat.
Tinh uy va Uy ban nhan dan cac tinh, thanh thUdng xuyen co sU hiidng d i n , xU ly mot each cu the tiing loai thong t i n , duy t r i che do giao ban, hop bao, cung cap nhanh nhiing thong t i n mdi cho bao ehi - nhat la nhiing van de biic xuc dang xay ra trong cuoe song nong thon, nong nghiep vung dong bang song Hong hien naỵ Tang ciidng sU lanh dao cua Dang, sii quan ly cua Nha niidc la giai phap c6 tinh quyet dinh cho viec thong t i n dai chung phat buy vai tro exia no dói vdi sU nghiep cong nghiep boa, hien dai boa dát niidc noi chung va vung nong thon dong bang song Hong noi rieng.
Tren day la mot so giai phap nhkm phat huy vai
tro cua cac phiidng tien thong t i n dai chung trong viec nang cao "chat lUdng van hoa" cua cong dong ngiidi dan
dong bang song Hong trong s\i nghiep cong nghiep hoa, hien dai hoa dat nxidc. GivL gin truyen thong van hoa
dan toe, hu6ng dan nhu cau, t h i hieu tieu dung cac san pham van hoa t i n h than phu hdp v6i thuan phong, my tuc niidc ta, do la muc dich cuoc đi cua ngiidi lam thong t i n dai chung.
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