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Chapter 42 - Assisting with minor surgery. Minor surgical procedures are frequently performed in ambulatory care settings and office practices. As a medical assistant, you must be knowledgeable of the types of procedures performed where you are employed. You need to know how to prepare the patient for surgery, assist the practitioner during surgery, and care for the patient after surgery.
PowerPoint® to accompany Medical Assisting Chapter 42 Second Edition Ramutkowski Booth Pugh Thompson Whicker Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc Permission required for reproduction or display Assisting with Minor Surgery Objectives: 421 Define the medical assistant's role in minor surgical procedures 422 Describe types of wounds and explain how they heal 423 Describe special surgical procedures performed in an office setting 424 List the instruments used in minor surgery and describe their functions Assisting with Minor Surgery Objectives (cont.) 425 Describe and contrast the procedures for medical and sterile asepsis in minor surgery 426 Describe the medical assistant’s duties in preparing to assist in minor surgery 427 Describe the medical assistant’s role in preparing a patient for surgery Assisting with Minor Surgery Objectives (cont.) 428 Describe the types of local anesthetics for minor surgery and the medical assistant’s role in their administration 429 Describe the duties of the medical assistant as a floater and as a sterile scrub assistant 4210 Describe the medical assistant’s duties in the postoperative period Introduction Minor surgical procedures are performed in ambulatory care settings and office practices You must be knowledgeable of the types of procedures performed You will need to know how to prepare the patient for surgery, assist the practitioner during surgery, and care for the patient after surgery Role in Minor Surgery You will perform administrative tasks prior to patient surgery Completing forms for insurance Obtaining signed informed consent forms Explaining all aspects of the surgical procedure to the patient Surgery in the Physician’s Office Procedures that can be done safely in the office or clinic without general anesthesia Minor surgery involves the use of a local anesthetic in the form of an injection or a cream applied to the skin Minor surgery is performed to diagnose an illness or repair an injury Minor Surgeries Repair of a laceration Irrigation and cleaning of a puncture wound Wound debridement Removal of: Foreign bodies Small growths Nail or part of a nail Collection of a biopsy specimen Wound Healing Initial phase – lag phase white cells and blood components seal the wound, clot the blood, and remove bacteria and debris Proliferation phase – new tissue forms Maturation phase – involves the formation of scar tissue What phase of healing is seen here? Maturation phase Special Minor Surgical Procedures Laser Surgery – intense beam of light used to cut away tissue Cryosurgery – use of extreme cold to destroy unwanted tissue Electrocauterization – needle, probe, or loop heated by electric current to destroy the target tissue 10 Preoperative Procedures Preliminary duties Preoperative instruction Administrative and legal tasks Easing the patient’s fears Preparing the surgical room Preparing the Patient Initial tasks Gowning and position the patient Surgical skin preparation Cleaning the area Shaving the area Applying the antiseptic 23 Intraoperative Procedures Preparing the local anesthetic you will need to know: Use of topical application Use of injections Potential side effects of the anesthetic Use of epinephrine Monitoring the patient Processing specimens Handling instruments 24 Assisting the Physician During Surgery Serves as a floater Monitoring and recording Processing specimens Other duties Pouring sterile solutions Keeping the surgical area clean and neat during the procedure Reposition the patient as necessary Adjusting lighting 25 Assisting the Physician During Surgery (cont.) Sterile scrub assistant – you perform a sterile scrub and wear sterile gloves Handling instruments in the following order: Cutting instruments Grasping instruments Retractors Probes Suture materials Needle holders and scissors 26 Postoperative Procedures Immediate patient care is the top priority : Administer medications as directed Monitor vital signs Watch for adverse reactions Keep the patient lying down for the prescribed length of time Document all observations in the patient’s chart 27 Postoperative Procedures (cont.) Dressing the wound Sterile material used to cover the incision Serves to keep wound clean Reduces bleeding Absorbs fluid drainage Reduces discomfort to the patient Speeds healing Reduces the possibility of scarring 28 Postoperative Procedures (cont.) Bandaging the wound A clean strip of gauze or elastic material Holds the dressing in place May also improve circulation Provides support or reduces tension on the wound Prevents the wound from reopening Prevents movement of the area of the body 29 Postoperative Instructions Guidelines for pain management Instruction for wound care Dietary restriction Activity restriction Followup appointment Provided in writing and included in the postoperative information packet 30 Postoperative Information Packet Proper wound care instructions Suggestions for pain relief Dietary restrictions Activity restriction Timing for followup appointments 31 Surgical Room Cleanup Place reusable instruments in a disinfectant soak that has anticoagulant properties Place disposable waste in the sharps or biohazardous waste container Clean the counters, exam table, and trays according to OSHA guidelines Disinfect small pieces of nonsurgical equipment 32 FollowUp Care You may be asked to change the dressing or remove the wound closures Suture or staple removal takes place 5 to 10 days after minor surgery Suture or staples are ready to be removed when a clean, unbroken suture line is observed No scabs, no seeping, and no visible opening should be present 33 Apply Your Knowledge What is the difference between a dressing and a bandage? 34 Apply Your Knowledge Answer What is the difference between a dressing and a bandage? A dressing is a sterile material used to cover the incision, whereas a bandage is a clean strip of gauze or elastic material used to hold the dressing in place 35 Summary Medical Assistant You perform many functions during the patient’s preoperative and postoperative care At all times you must ensure the safety and comfort of the patient and be knowledgeable enough to function as the doctor’s “right hand” during the procedure 36 End of Chapter 37 ... an office setting 42 4 List the instruments used in minor surgery and describe their functions Assisting with Minor Surgery Objectives (cont.) 42 5 Describe and contrast the procedures for medical and sterile asepsis in minor surgery... Objectives (cont.) 42 8 Describe the types of local anesthetics for minor surgery and the medical assistant’s role in their administration 42 9 Describe the duties of the medical assistant as a floater and as a sterile scrub assistant...Assisting with Minor Surgery Objectives: 42 1 Define the medical assistant's role in minor surgical procedures 42 2 Describe types of wounds and explain how they heal 42 3 Describe special surgical procedures performed in