... assess and compare the situations in the
countries based on a number of relevant indicators,
including changes in financing and budget allocation,
service structure, quality of care, and participation ... ser-
vices, andthe quality and range of available services
are improving (2).
Growth inthe size and influence of civil society
in Brazil since the 1980s has facilitated the positive
change. Increasingly ... improve the quality, and be more
innovative inthe design, management, and financing
of basic health care services.
In Ecuador, there is a law that the provision of
maternity care (prenatal care,...
... Programs
in LatinAmericaand Caribbean
Editors:
Gladys Lopez Acevedo
Hong W. Tan
April 2010
Poverty and Gender Unit
Poverty Reduction and Economic Management Sector
Latin AmericaandtheCaribbean Region
... co-funded by the Research Committee andthe
Poverty Reduction and Economic Management division of the
Latin AmericaandCaribbean Region of the World Bank.
measures of rm performance varying by ... improvements in administration, planning
and marketing, increased managerial and worker
training, and greater access to other public insti-
tutions for extension services, consultants, and
funds...
... children, adolescents and youth in our countries inan environment free from violence, stigma
and discrimination. This requires increasing and strengthening efforts to guarantee access and
continued ... Ministerial Declaration
Preventing through education
1
st
Meeting of Ministers of Health and Education
to Stop HIV and STIs inLatinAmericaandthe Caribbean
Preventing through ... counseling and testing for HIV and STI;
comprehensive clinical care for STI; condoms and education in their correct and consistent
use; counseling about reproductive decisions, including for...
... between
insurers and population groups.
ã Changing the opaque and often regressive nature of financing and re-
distribution arrangements for SI andthe associated lack of financial
sustainability ... Protection inLatinAmericaandtheCaribbean 33
insurance; (2) providing guidelines on ways to extend coverage by ration-
alizing financing mechanisms andthe design of redistributive arrange-
ments; ... groups (such as mothers and children). They are administered by the
20 Achieving Effective Social Protection for All inLatinAmericaandthe Caribbean
insurance systems operating in parallel, often...
... review andthe systematization of the
information collected and was responsible for the study design and analysis.
MM participated inthe development of the theoretical framework and the
final analysis. ... participated inthe design of the analytical strategy. VC
participated inthe literature review, and PM and SG participated in the
analysis of final information. All authors have read and approved the final
manuscript.
Authors’ ... ting inthe preparation of and
discussion about this document. COCORHS is a member network of the
Latin American andtheCaribbean Health Observatory, an initiative
coordinated by the Mexican...
... Credit Dynamics and Interest Rates 12
5. Reserve Requirements in Brazil 13
6. Reserve Requirements in Colombia 14
7. Reserve Requirements in Peru 15
8 Latin America: Average and Marginal Reserve ... macroprudential measures inLatinAmerica is reported in
Table 1.
Despite their increasing use, the effectiveness of macroprudential policies in leaning
against credit growth andin protecting financial ... of rates (in Brazil of
demand and savings deposits; in Colombia of checking and saving accounts, CD and bonds,
and in Peru the required rate as published by the central bank, see Figure 8). This...
... 1970–1996 inequality increased in
the north andthe northeast regions and decreased in other regions of
the country. They use Moran’s indices and Moran scatterplots to ana-
lyze the extent and changes ... Jan Luiten van Zanden , the participants of
the Ibero-American Institute Conference on Latin American Poverty
and Inequality (Gottingen, July 2005), andthe participants of the third
World Bank ... land inequality on income
inequality. The m refers to a measure of the dominance of mineral
resources in exports and vector x
4
represents regional fixed effects.
1.4.1 The Determinants of Land...
...
multisector, reconstruction relief and rehabilitation, and disaster prevention and preparedness are Multisector and Other;
banking and financial services, and business and other services are Financing and ... are Infrastructure; mining and quarrying
and manufacturing are Productive Sector; development institutions and other are Multisector and Other; and commercial
banking is Financing and Business. ... MDBs are investing in new
approaches, increasing grant resources, decentralizing, and scaling-up their operations. But
financial resources are scarce inthe long term, and a rethink is required...
... development are strongly linked to each other.
Another interesting data that is revealed by the ranking of Press Freedom and Economic Development inLatin America
is linked to the cases of the three countries ... of the Word. Press and Oratory in Nineteenth Century LatinAmerica Institute of Latin American
Studies, University of London, London: 2002.
Press Freedom and Economic Development inLatin America2 008
5
centro@cadal.org ... estimated and therefore quite dubious as there are
no measurements of power purchase parity because of the low reliability of the statistics of the last remaining dictatorship
in Latin America. In any...
... Garcia-Escibano, and M. Vera Martin, 2012, “Credit Growth andthe
Effectiveness of Reserve Requirements and Other Macroprudential Instruments inLatin
America, ” Working Paper No. 12/142 (Washington: International ... raising loan-to-income ratio) would help contain credit growth
more directly, thus lowering some of the overheating pressures arising from the credit
channel.
28
On the other hand, if the ... Output, Interest, and Inflation Gaps 34
9. Model and IMF Desk’s Output Gap Estimations 35
4
I. INTRODUCTION
An increasing number of Latin American countries have been recently strengthening...
... for LatinAmericaandthe Caribbean) (2002) Latin
America andtheCaribbeaninthe World Economy, 2000–2001, Santiago: ECLAC.
ECLAC (Economic Commission for LatinAmericaandthe Caribbean) ... raising both the same in relative
terms. Note, however, that there are no results that show openness reducing
inequality; that is, raising the income of the poor more than the income of
the ... to represent such an alternative
approach and, therefore, was adopted inthe late 1980s under the presumption
that it would reignite fast and sustainable growth. The basic thrust of the original...
... O2 brand); the Slovak Republic
(under the O2 brand); Germany (under the O2 brand); the Republic of
Ireland (under the O2 brand); andthe UK (under the O2 brand). The
MoviStar name has been in use ... different
interests inthe everyday treatment of information. They were protago-
nists, not only in covering and interpreting reality, but also in defining
meaning as ‘narrators, commentators and participating ... structures and
privileges. They examine the continuity and changes inthe media system
in Brazil as an explanatory framework, referring to the US system as a
predominant inspiration for the commercial...