Import export contract terms

là mẫu hợp đồng thương mại quốc tế bằng tiếng Anh, cung cấp các điều khoản và quy định quan trọng cho một hợp đồng thương mại quốc tế và hữu ích để dùng dịch sang hợp đồng tiếng Việt cho các bạn đang cần lập hợp đồng thương mại mua bán tại nội địa và quốc tế. Đây cũng là mẫu hợp đồng dùng cho kinh doanh quốc tế rất quan trọng.

Import Export Contract Terms Import Export Contract Terms on Sales Contract/Purchase Contract A contract is an agreement that creates an obligation,that is a binding,legally enforceable agreement between two or more competent parties A contract can be worked out either by the seller or the buyer, and it is called a sales contract or a purchase contract respectively The formal contract consists of the following main terms: • the name of commodity • the quality of commodity • the quantity of commodity • the packing of commodity • the price of commodity • payment • insurance • inspection • cargo claims • force majesties Import Export Contract Terms on Price Methods • FOB - Free on Board Free on Board means that the seller fulfills his obligation to deliver when the goods have passed over the ship's rail at the named port of shipment The buyer has to bear all costs and risks of loss of or damage to the goods from that point FOB terms requires the seller to clear the goods for export This term can only be used for sea or inland waterway transport • CFR or C&F - Cost and Freight Cost and Freight means that the seller must pay the cost and freight necessary to bring the goods to the named port of destination but the risk of loss or damage to the goods, as well as any additional costs due to events occurring after the time the goods have been delivered on board the vessel, is transferred from the seller to the buyer when the goods pass the ship's rail in the port of shipment The CFR term requires the seller to clear the goods for export • CIF - Cost, Insurance, and Freight CIF means that the seller has the same obligations as under CFR but with the addition that he has to procure marine insurance against the buyer's risk of loss of or damage to the goods during the carriage The seller contracts for insurance and pays the insurance premium • DAF - Delivered at Frontier ( named place) DAF means that the seller fulfills his obligation to deliver when the goods have been made available, cleared for export, at the named point and place at the frontier, but before the customs border of the adjoining country The term is primarily intended to be used when goods are to be carried by rail or road, but it may be used for any other mode of transport Import Export Contract Terms on Payment Methods • Irrevocable L/C(Letter of Credit) Irrevocable L/C is the one that can not be withdrawn or amended by the opening bank without the agreement of the beneficiary This kind of L/C is more secure and hence is most often used It claims our attention that, according to Uniform Customs and Practice of Commercial Documentary Credits 500, if a L/C is not marked as being irrevocable or not, it should be taken as irrevocable • Remittance - Import Export Contract Terms Remittance is of three types: Mail Transfer (M/T), Telegraphic Transfer (T/T), and Demand Draft (D/D) • By Mail Transfer, the buyer will hand over the payment of the goods to the remitting bank that will authorize its branch bank or correspondent bank in the country of the beneficiary by mail to make the payment to him • Telegraphic Transfer, the buyer will hand over the payment of the goods to the remitting bank which will authorize its branch bank or correspondent bank in the country of the beneficiary by telegraphic means to make the payment to him Mail transfer is less expensive, but it costs more time, while telegraphic transfer is more expensive but it is much sooner • ByDemand Draft, the buyer will come to the local bank to buy a banker's bill and then deliver it to the seller or beneficiary by mail When the seller or beneficiary has received it, he will come to the bank designated by the banker's bill for cash Apart from banker's bill, promissory notes or checks can also be used in this way • • • Documentary Collection - Import Export Contract Terms • D/P at sight Under D/P at sight, the seller might either draw or not draw a draft on the buyer He hand over the shipping documents together with (or without) the draft, and the shipping documents and the draft (or wihtout draft)will be transferred to the collecting bank which will present them to the buyer and ask him to make the payment at sight The buyer, upon sight, should then make the payment and get the shipping documents When the collecting has thus finished the collection, it should immediately notify the remitting bank which will then make the payment to the seller • D/P at _ days after sight (date) The buyer shall duly accept the documentary draft drawn by the seller at _ days's sight upon first presentation and make payment on its maturity The shipping documents are to be delivered against payment only Documents Against Acceptance (D/A) Under D/A, the buyer can get the shipping documents from the collecting bank after he has duly accepted the draft This is only applicable to time draft This will greatly convenience the buyer, but it means much more risk for the seller, for once he has delivered the shipping documents, he will have lost his title over the goods • D/A means more risks for the seller, for the buyer might refuse to pay after he has accepted the draft and taken the delivery of the goods Certainly the seller might sue him, but as is often the case, the buyer claims bankruptcy and then the seller can nothing to remedy the situation Import Export Contract Terms on Documentation There are roughly five kinds of commonly used international trade documents are list here They are categorized according to the document source • Government Control Documents • Commercial (invoice) Documents • Banking Documents • Shipping Documents • Insurance Documents More About These Import Export Contract Terms Import Export Contract Terms - Commodity Import Export Contract Terms - Quality Import Export Contract Terms - Quantity Import Export Contract Terms - Payment Import Export Contract Terms - Packing Import Export Contract Terms - Insurance Import Export Contract Terms - Inspection Import Export Contract Terms - Claims Import Export Contract Terms - Force Majeure Import Export Contract Terms - Export Documents Import Export Contract Terms - Insurance Documents Import Export Contract Terms - Shipping Documents Import Export Contract Terms - Commercial Invoice Export Documents Used For Government Control Export Documents - Government Control Documents International trade involves complex flows of goods and services between many countries Therefore, a set of documents are used by countries to monitor and control these flows These usually include:  Import License and Foreign Exchange Authorization Many countries use import license and foreign exchange authorization system to restrict imports Importers have to present pro-forma invoices to their licensing authorities or to their central banks, or sometimes to both to apply for the license If the planned importation is legal and meets current requirements, the license will be issued Therefore, exporters should not ship to importers who need licenses until the licenses are actually in hand  Export License - Export Documents At the present time, usually there are very few obstacles placed in the exporter's path by his own government On the contrary, many governments are assisting and encouraging the export of goods and extension of overseas market Nevertheless, there are some occasions when a particular restriction might be encountered due to the nature of the product, the market to which the goods are being exported or some other reasons  Certificate of Origin - Export Document A document that stating the country of origin of the goods being made It is usually required by countries who not use Customs Invoice or Consular Invoice to set the appropriate duties for the importers It contains the nature,quantity,value of goods shipped and the place of manufacture It enables the buyer not only to process the importation of the goods, but also permits preferential import duties where appropriate  Inspection Certificate - Export Document Inspection Certificate are used by some countries to implement a control system imposed by government regulation Its prime function is to ensure that goods are shipped in a quality condition and in accordance with the terms of the sales contract It may be issued by government authorized parties or professional inspection companies In China, this document is issued by the Import and Export Commodity Inspection Bureau  Consular Invoice Certain countries require a Consular Invoice to control and identify goods The invoice must be purchased from the consulate of the country to which the goods are being shipped and usually is prepared in the language of that country  Customs Invoice Customs Invoice is required by the importing country in order to clear the customs, to verify country of origin for import duty and tax purpose, to compare export price and domestic price, and to fix antidumping duty,etc Usually, this invoice is required in exporting to US, Canada, New Zealand, Australia and some African countries Commercial Invoice is generally issued by the importer,exporter or some relevant non-governmental business organizations A Commercial Invoice is a bill for the goods from the seller to the buyer It is one of the most important documents used in international trade Even if the importer may have opened a Letter of Credit, the exporter will usually not be paid until he presents a Commercial Invoice along with other documents to the bank The invoice serves as a record of the essential details of a transaction An invoice must show the following basic information about the transaction: • Buyer's order number • Invoice number and date • Shipment terms • Names and addresses of the seller and buyer • Country from which the shipment is made • Description of the goods • Quantity, weight or measurement of the goods • Unit price • Total amount payable, including price of goods, freight, insurance and so on • Rebate or similar incentives • Signature of the exporter Shipping Documents,issued by the carrier,verify that the goods have been shipped for the transportation and delivery Under symbolic delivery, shipping documents are necessary for the settlement of payment Generally, different modes of transportation have different shipping documents.Railway bill and railway cargo receipt are issued under railway transportation Airway bill are issued under air transportation Even in post, parcel receipt is issued by post office Here we focus on some commonly used shipping documents in import export transportation Bill of Lading (B/L) It is a formal contract of carriage between the consignor and carrier The key elements contained in a B/L should include: • Name of the shipper • Name of the carrying vessel • Full description of the cargo including any shipping marks, individual package numbers in the consignment, contents, cubic measurement, gross weight,etc • Port of loading and port of discharge • Full details of freight, including when and where it is to be paid - whether freight prepaid or collect at destination • Name of shipper • Name of carrying vessel • Terms of the contract of carriage • The date the goods were received for shipment and/or loaded on the vessel • The name and address of the notified party(the person to be notified on arrival of the shipment, usually the buyer) • Number of Bills of Lading signed on behalf of the master or his agent, acknowledging receipt of the goods • Signature of the carrier or his agent and the date Shipping Note A Shipping Note gives information about a particular export consignment when offered for shipment It serves the shipping company as a delivery or receipt note for particular consignment Some people also call it Mate's Receipt Its role in various ports and trades may differ worldwide However, the cargo description in a Shipping Note should conform to that found on the commercial invoice Packing List A Packing List provides a list of the contents of a consignment It is completed by the shipper Its prime purpose is to give an inventory of the shipped goods A Packing List is especially useful for the consignments which are composite It is usually required by the Customs for clearance purposes Airway Bill An Airway Bill should basically have the following key elements: • The place and date of its execution • Name of the departure and destination airports • The name and address of the consignor, consignees and the carrier • A description of the goods including method of packing, marks, weights, quantity and dimensions etc • The total freight amount prepaid and/or collect at destination • The declared value for customs purposes, likewise for carriage, and the currency • Date of the flight • Details of any special route to be taken • The signature of the shipper or his agent • Details of the booked flight and the actual flights incorporating the first,second and the third carrier if there are several carriers involved Insurance Documents To Protect The Interests of Importers and Exporters Insurance Documents are ones, issued by the issuer, certifying that the insurer and the insured have signed an insurance contract covering the goods to be transported If the goods under the contract incur damages or even losses in transit, the insured can lodge a claim against the insurance documents Since insurance documents are the evidence of insurance contract between the insurer and the insured, they are mainly classified as the following four types: Insurance Policy This is a written legal contract between the insurer and the insured containing all terms and conditions of the agreement It shows full details of the risks covered, and is also called fomal insurance documents Key elements of insurance policy are illustrated as follows: • Name of the insurer with a signature identified as that of insurance company, or underwriter, or insurance agent • Name of the insured, both the seller and the buyer might be the insured if they have insured interest and with good faith • The insured goods which include description of subject matter • Type of risks covered which should be one of the three basic risks, i.e F.P.A., W.P.A and All Risks • Insurance provisions • Amount and currency insured • Place of claim payable • Transport model and vessel's name • Port of shipment and port of destination If transshipment is required, the goods should cover transshipment risks such as warehouse to warehouse clause including transshipment risks • Time and place of insurance Insurance Certificate An insurance certificate is a document issued to the insured certifying that the insurance has bee effected It contains the same details as an insurance policy except that version of provisions is abbreviated If a documentary credit requires an insurance policy, issuing bank will refuse an insurance certificate for payment Combined Certificate Combined Certificate is further simplified The insurer here lists the risks to be covered, the insured amount and the policy number on the invoice provided by the insured, and the other clauses are to be seen on the invoice Open Policy or Open Cover This is a pre-contract concluded between the insurer and the insured by which the insurer offers insurance to the insured for the consignments he dispatches within a certain period of time Open Policy is only applicable to the imported goods from foreign countries to China As soon as the carriage for the consignment under the Open Policy is made, it is under the insurance cover of the Open Policy in accordance with the terms listed on the Open Policy HOW TO START AND OPERATE YOUR OWN PROFITABLE IMPORT/EXPORT BUSINESS AT HOME Introduction · How it Works · The Basics · Making Contacts · Analyze the Market · Where to Find Help · Making Connections · Getting the Goods · Making an Agreement · The Sale · Terms of Shipping · The Freight Forwarder · The Letter of Credit · Delivering the Goods · Importing · Promotion · Expanding the Business · Making It Work What is a good way to build up a successful business from nothing and have fun doing it? The import/export business may be your answer Not only does it require little financial investment to start, but it offers the prestige of working with clients from all over the world You don't need previous experience in the field, but you should have a good head for organizing Fulfilling a successful import/export business requires constant attention to little details Do you know some local manufacturers looking for ways to increase their market for the goods they make? Or are you planning a trip abroad and want to make some contacts for setting up a business? If you have an ability to sell, and an air of diplomacy, the import/export business might be right for you All you need is the desire and determination to make it work As you progress in the business, many factors become obvious and easy to handle For example, you'll need to find a person to handle shipments, called a freight forwarder And you'll need to create solid contacts and strong relationships with reliable suppliers But after a short time, you can be well on your way to making a sizeable income - with a very low overhead Do you like the idea of running your own business? How would you like a tax deductible trip to foreign places a couple of times a year? The advantages of an import/export business are great The biggest advantage is the money you'll make Once you get the business underway, the commission for setting up sales is very profitable And after you establish and maintain a number of exclusive accounts, you'll find the time you spend is highly rewarded with money Take a look into the import/export business Consider the risks, and consider the advantages Talk to people in the business Is it for you? HOW IT WORKS Of all the manufacturers in the United States, only a small percentage distribute goods outside of North America The goods that find foreign markets are exports On the other hand, anything that is manufactured outside the country and brought in for sale, is imported Although it seems obvious that all manufacturers would want a worldwide market, it is not easy for a company that is limited in its scope and abilities That's where you come in An import/export agent is a matchmaker Manufacturers of domestic goods seek foreign distribution; foreign manufacturers want a United States market You need to find them, make a solid connection, and establish a business relationship with these companies The agent's commission is generally about ten percent Now, think of ten percent of $500,000 or ten percent of a million Although that may seem like a large order, it wouldn't be, if you're talking about machinery, raw materials, or computers The market is unlimited and there are hundreds of manufacturers looking for foreign distribution Sporting goods, clocks, electronic games, radios, housewares, garments, tools - anything can be readily imported or exported if there is a consumer demand and if you can get the products The United States Government encourages exports Indeed, it is those sales that keep our balance of payments with the vast amounts of goods that are imported And you'll find government agencies helpful in establishing your business THE BASICS You can start your import/export business at home with a telephone You'll need a file system, business cards , and a machine to answer the phone calls Once you get going, you'll want a cable address or a telex hook-up And you'll need a classy letterhead Until you establish personal contacts, it is your letterhead that represents you Make it look professional, possibly embossed or two-color, or gold leafed Have it i- In case, cargo is ready for shipment as scheduled in this contract, but the Buyer fails to nominate the vesel to load, then all risks, damages, and associated expenses for cargo to be borne by the Buyer based on the Seller's actual claim In the event no cargo is available to be loaded on the nominated vessel at the loading port, then dead freight to be paid by Seller based on Buyer's actual claim and the Buyer will submit the following documents to Vietcombank for receiving P.B: ( time counted : 20 -25 days from L/C opening date): - N.O.R with seller's signature - Report signed by the Captain and the Seller confirming that the vessel has already arrived at the port to receive the cargo but the Seller has no cargo to load - Vietcombank's confirmation 10 Payment: a- After signing the contract, the Buyer or the Buyer's nominee ( SHYE LIAN( HK) MANUFACTURING CO.LTD OR OTHER NOMINEE) will telex asking the Seller to open P.B of 1% of total L/C amoount at Vietcombank Hanoi within two days thereof the Seller open P.B and in form the Buyer, then, four days after receiving Vietcombank 's confirmation, the Buyer will open a telegraphic, irrevocable and confirmed L/C which is in conformity with this contract by an international first class bank at sight with T.T.R acceptable for 40,000 MT in favour of Vinafood Hanoi through the Bank for Foreign Trade of Vietnam For 60,000 MT the Buyer or Buyer's nominee will open a telegraphic, irrevocable and transferable at sight L/C which is in conformity with this contract with T.T.R accepable In case, the Seller requests the confirmation of L/C, the L/C will be confirmed for Seller's account In the event that the Buyer fails to open L/C four days after receiving confirmation from Vietcombank then the Seller shall collect P.B from the Vietcombank and then the contract is automatically cancelled The Seller will collect the P.B against presentation of shipping documents at Vietcombank b- Presentation of the following documents to the Bank for Foreign Trade of Vietnam, payable within 3-5 banking days after reciept of the telex from Vietcombank cetifying that documents have been checked in conformity with the L/C terms: - Full set of Clean on board B/L in three ( 3) originals marked Freight to collect - Commercial invoice in three (3) folds - Certificates of quality, weight and packing issued by Vinaconntrol to be final at loading port in six ( 6) folds - Certificate of Origin issued by VIetnam Chamber of Commerce in six (6) folds - Phytosanitary certificate issued by the Competent authority of Vietnam in six (6) folds - Cable/ Telex/ Fax advising shipment Particulars within 24 hours after completion of loading 11 Force Majeure: The Force Majeure( exemptions) clause of the international Chamber of Commerce (ICC publication No 421) is hereby incorporated on this contract 12 Arbitration: Any discrepancies and/or disputes arising out or in connection with this contract not settled amicably shall be referred to Arbitration accordance with the Rules and Practices of the International Chamber of Commerce in Paris or such other place agreed by both sides 13 Other terms: Any amendment of the terms and conditions of this contract must be agreed to by both sides in writting This contract is made in 06 originals in the English language, three for each party This is subject to the Buyer's final confirmation by telex( June 18th, 1999 latest) Made in Hanoi, on 9th June, 1999 For the Seller For the Buyer Director Managing Director (signed/sealed) (signed) Vu Duc Hoan S.Y.Chan CÁCH VIẾT HỢP ĐỒNG NGOẠI THƯƠNG vo_ngua_hoang@yahoo.com ĐẠI HỌC KINH TẾ THÀNH PHỐ HỒ CHÍ MINH Hợp đồng ngoại thuơng quan trọng kết trình đàm phán ( Gồm giai đoạn :Chuẩn bị ,Tiếp xúc, Đàm phán, Ký kết hợp đồng, Rút kinh nghiệm) Hợp đồng ngoại thuơng sở để ngân hàng mở L/C đảm bảo cho nhà nhập khả nhận đúng, đầy đủ hàng hóa, vể phía nhà xuất sở để đảm bảo đuợc toán Hợp đông sở pháp lý để giải tranh chấ, khiếu nại có sau bên mua bên bán Hợp đồng mở đầu chữ CONTRACT hay SALES CONTRACT, cách thứ thông dụng Tiếp số hợp đồng: No Ngày ký hợp đồng : Date : Tiếp theo : Ho Chi Minh city, S.Viêt Nam (Vị trí ký hợp đồng) Giữa : Beetween Công ty: company Địa : address Số điện thoại Fax .Tel Fax Đại diện chức vụ .Presented by position Sau gọi bên bán: Hereinafter called "The Seller" Và And Công ty: company Địa : address Số điện thoại Fax .Tel Fax Đại diện chức vụ .Presented by position Sau gọi bên mua: Hereinafter called "The Buyer" Hai bên đồng ý ký vào hợp đồng với điều khỏan điều kiện sau : The two parties have agreed to sign this contract covering the following terms and conditions : Ngoài ra, người ta dùng câu sau :It has been matually agreed to the sale and purchase of on the terms and conditions as follows: Hay Both sides have matually agreed to enter this contract on the following terms and conditions: Hay : It is mutually agreed that the Seller sells and the uyer buys commodities on the following terms and conditions: Sau phần mở đầu vào phần nội dung hợp đồng : Về : Hợp đồng phải có điều khỏan sau : 1.Commodity : Tên thương mại hàng hóa mua bán, phải ghi rõ xuất xứ hàng hóa, loại ngũ cốc có vụ mùa nào, loại 2.Quality (Specification) : Ở ghi rõ chất lượng yêu cầu cụ thể lọai hàng hóa Giữa mục nhiều mục khác gộp chung lại thiết phải có Để rõ ta lấy ví dụ : Gạo :Rice Ta ghi sau : 1.Commodity : Viet Nam long grain white rice 2.Quality : -Moisture : 15% max -Độ ẩm -Foreign matter : 5% max -Tạp chất -Crop :2006-2007 -Brokens : 15% max Hay Phân urê Commodity : Urea fertilizer Origin : Indonesia Xuất xứ 2.Specification : Moisture : 0.5% max Biuret : 1% max Nitrogen : 46% Color :White Free flowing : Treated with Anti -Caking Cà phê : Coffee 1.Commodity : Robusta coffee grade 1, origin Daklak provice Viet Nam 2.Quality: Crop : 2007 Moisture : 2% max Impurities : 1% max Black broken coffee bean : 2% max Coffee bean on sieve 13 (6 mm): 90% Quần áo : Phải kẻ bảng ghi rõ : Discription of goods-Cat-Quantity (PCS)-U.Price(USD)-Amount (USD) Total Tổng số Tổng số Say: US Dollar .Tổng số tiền only -The price is FOB HOCHIMINH PORT(incoterms 2000) -5% more or less in quality and value are acceptable at Buyer''''s option Lưu ý : Ở ví dụ, ta viết khác đuợc lưu ý ví dụ điều khoản giá khối lượng đưa vào hợp đồng Thép : 1.Commodity : Prime overrolled hot dip galvanized steel sheet in coil Thép mạ kẽm cán nóng dạng cuộn 2.Quality : non-magnetic, prime quality Hay ta gộp điều khỏan lại ví dụ sau : Stainless Steel Round Bars AISI 304, Bright finish, non-magnetic, prime quality Sau Size(mm)- Quantity (MTS)-U.price (USD)- Amount Total Tổng số Tổng số Say: US Dollar .Tổng số tiền only -The price is FOB HOCHIMINH PORT(incoterms 2000) -5% more or less in quality and value are acceptable at Buyer''''s option Đậu phộng: 1.Commodity : Peanuts kernels Origin : Viet Nam 2.Quality : -Moisture : 4% max -Foreign matter : 0.5% max -Defect :4% max Ngoài ghi sau phần chất lượng : As Sample to be agreed by both parties (Sample No ) Sample is an internal part of this contract The seller should send (Vi dụ : 01 PC per size per color ) as shipping sample before shipment *Bây ta đến điều khoản số lượng 3.Quantity : Ví dụ : 12,000 MTS 10 PCT more or less at buyer''''s option Lưu ý : Để tạo điều kiện thuận lợi thực hợp đồng Quyền chọn thuộc bên thuê tàu Lấy ví dụ mua điều kiện nhóm E,F THÌ QUYỀN CHỌN thuộc người mua, nhóm C,D quyền chọn thuộc ngưới bán Lưu ý MTS có s 4.Price (Giá) : USD 210/MT FOB Ho Chi Minh City port, Viet Nam (Incoterms 2000) 5.Shipment (Vận tải): Ở điều khỏan lưu ý có phép chuyển hàng thành nhiều lần không, có phép chuyển tải hàng không? Ngày giao hàng? Và có chứng từ tài liệu cần gửi cho nhà nhập sau 1,2 ngày giao hàng để nhà nhập nắm tình hình hàng hóa?Ước lượng thời gian đến, cảng bốc hàng, cảng dỡ hàng Ví dụ : -Time of shipment :Not later than November 9th,2007 (On or before November 9th,2007) -Partial shipment : Not allowed -Transhipment : Not allowed -Loading port : Ho Chi Minh city port in Viet Nam -Destination port : Indonesia main port -Notice of shipment : Within day after the sailing date of carrying vessel to Indonesia, the Seller shall notyfy by cable to the Buyer the following informations: +L/C number +Name and Nationality of the vessel +Port of loading +Port of discharging +Estimation (Expected) time of arrival at discharging port 6.Packing and Marking : Phần ta yêu cầu ghi quy cách đóng gói mã hiệu Ví dụ : Gạo: Rice to be packed in new single pp bag of 50 KGs with buyer''''s mark, hand -sewn at mouth with jute twine thread suitable for rough, hadling and sea transportation The seller will supply 0.2% of new bags, free of charge, not including quantity of bag shipped Thép : Coil No, Net Weight, Gross weight, and label made in Hay Mill''''s standard export packing and marks, each coil must be stuck one label indicating quantity, size, net weight, gross weight and coil no Quần áo : At Buyer''''s instructions N0 signed by both parties dated 05 November 2007 Ngoài ta ghi : -Manufacture''''s standard: -Export standard 7.Payment : Phần toán Phần quan trọng , nội dung đề cập đến hình thức toán (Có hình thức toán sau : Nhờ thu collection ,trong nhờ thu có nhờ thu phiếu trơn -Clean collection hay nhờ thu trả tiền lấy chứng từ Document again payment D/P, nhờ thủ chấp nhận trả tiền lấy chứng từ Document again Acceptance payment D/A; Chuyển tiền -Remitance ,chuyển tiền có chuyển tiền trước lấy hàng sau, hay Chuyển hàng lấy tiền sau; Phương thức đổi chứng từ trả tiền CASH AGAIN DOCUMENTS CAD; Và cuối phuơng thức toán tín dụng chứng từ letter of credit) Nếu L/C L/C trả hay trả chậm, tóan ngân hàng (Lưu ý ghi rõ chi nhánh), chứng từ cần xuất trình để lấy hàng (Về phía nhà nhập ) chứng từ cần xuất trình để lấy tiền (Về phía nhà xuất ) Cụ thể : -Đồng tiền toán:currency of payment -Thời hạn toán : Time of payment Trả :payment at sight ,trả chậm :usance payment, trả trước payment before or to be deposited -Phương thức toán -Các chứng từ cần xuất trình để toán: +Hối phiếu (Bill of exchange) +Các chứng từ gửi hàng : Vận đơn đường biển (Clean bill of lading) Giấy chứng nhận bảo hiểm (Insurance policy hay Insurance Certificate) Hóa đơn thuơng mại : Commercial invoice Giấy chứng nhận phẩm chất hàng hóa ( Certificate of Quality) Giấy chứng nhận số lượng,trọng luợng hàng hóa ( Certificate of Quantity) Giấy chứng nhận xuất xứ hàng hóa (Certificate of Origin) Giấy chứng nhận đóng gói bao bì (Packing list) Ngoài giấy Giấy chứng nhận vệ sinh -sanitary certificate; Giấy chứng nhận Kiểm dịch thực vật phytosanitary certificate;Giấy kiểm dịch ản phẩm động vật : Animal products sanitary inspection certificate) Ngoài có Thời gian mở L/C Người thụ hưởng L/C : Tên Ngân hàng mở L/C Ngân hàng thông báo : Ví dụ :Nếu tóan CHUYỂN TIỀN : By T/T in favour of người thụ hưởng to the account No through VCB HCM CITY BRANCH VIETNAM 21 days after receipt and control of complete shipping document by party B -all original shipping documents must be delivered to party B latest working days after sea shipment -Shipping documents consist of : Ví dụ toán L/C: -By irrevocable L/C at sight in favour of ,throgh the bank: Vietcombank Ho Chi Minh city branch Acocunt no -All banking charges in VietNam to be for the Seller''''s Acount All banking charges outside VietNam to be for the Buyer''''s account -Date of issue : Within 07 working days after the date of contract -Date and place of Expiry : November 21st ,2007 at Benificiary''''s country -issuing bank : -Document required for negotiation : +Full set (3/3) of "Clean on board" bill of lading consigned to the order of ngân hàng thông báo ,marked "Freight prepared" and notify the Buyer -Original certificate of origin issued by Chamber of Commerce and Industry of Viet Nam -Signed commercial invoice in origin :3 sets -Packing list :1 sets -Insurance policy Điều khoản 8: Warranty : Bảo hành thường có hợp đồng nhập máy móc Đối với hàng hóa thông thường, người bán không bảo hành ghi: Unless expressly stipulated on the face of this contract Seller make no warranty or condition, or impliedly, as to the fitness suitability of the goods for any particular purpose (Ngoại trừ điều ghi hợp đồng Người bán không chịu trách nhiệm bảo hành tình trạng hàng hóa, phù hợp hàng hóa với mục đích sử dụng khách hàng) Machinery equipment shall be inspected at vị trí bốc hàng for the standard quality agreed by both parties Both paries will sign the acceptance protocol after test running of the machine at the buye''''s site The seller provide for all damaged parts in period of 12 months from the date of signing acceptance protocol (Trước xuống tàu máy kiểm tra chất lượng theo phía thỏa thuận Hai bên ký biên nghiệm thu sau chạy thử máy nhà máy người mua bên bán cung cấp phụ tùng thay cho hư hỏng vòng 12 tháng kể từ ngày ký biên nghiệm thu) Penalty : Phạt -Chậm gio hàng : in case of delay shipment, the seller has to pay to the buyer the penalty charge at 0.25% of delay goods value Hay In case delay of shipment happens, the maximum allowance is 15 days from the L/C opening date, the penalty for delay interest will be based on annual rate 15 percent of the total contract amount -Giao hàng không phù hợp chất lượng sô lượng : In case of inadequate cargo as stipulation in contract, this cargo must be re-exported returning to the seller -Phạt hủy hợp đồng If buyer or seller wanted to cancel the contract, 5% of total contract value would be charged as penalty to that party -Phạt chậm toán: If the seller has implemented the articles of the contract exactly, the buyer does not pay to the seller through TTR 15 days after shipment date the buyer has to compensate for the seller % of the total contract value 10 Insurance Nếu mua theo điều kiện nhóm E,F,CFR,CPT người mua tự mua bảo hiểm Insurance : To be covered by the buyer Trong trường hợp người bán mua bảo hiểm phải nêu rõ mua điều khỏan : +Điều kiện cần mua bảo hiểm (A,B,C) +Gía trị hàng hóa bảo hiểm (Thường 110%) +Nơi khiếu nại, đòi bồi thường Insurance : Covered by the seller, covering "All Risks" for 110% of Invoice value Insurance certificate showing claim payable at Ho Chi Minh City, VietNam by the Vietnam insurance Company, Ho Chi Minh city branch Nhân tiện : Bàn thêm bảo hiểm Trong điều khoản bảo hiểm hàng hóa Hiệp hội bảo hiểm Lodon ban hành năm 1912 sửa đổi năm 1963 bao gồm điều kiện bảo hiểm chủ yếu : 1.FPA : Free from Particular average Không bảo hiểm tổn thất riêng : Đây mức bảo hiểm hàng hóa thấp vận chuyển đuờng biển, người bảo hiểm không chịu trách nhiệm bảo hiểm tổn thất riêng trừ tàu xà lan mắc cạn, đấm hoậc cháy Để hiểu tốt hơn, cần tìm hiểu khái niệm tổn thất phận (Partial loss), tổn thất toàn (Total loss), tổn thất chung (General Average) Bải hiểm tổn thất riêng (With Particular Average -WA): Gồm điểu kiện bảo hiểm từ FPA thêm bảo hiểm tổn thất riêng phải có tính chất bất ngờ 3.Bảo hiểm rủi ro (All risks-AR) :Bảo hiểm tất rủi ro đặc biệt có tính chất bất ngờ trình chuyên chở Điều khoản bảo hiểm London xây dựng năm 1982 Viện người bảo hiểm London quy định thay thê cho điều kiện bảo hiểm cũ Gồm điều sau : +Institute Cargo clause A -ICC(A) +Institute Cargo clause B -ICC(B) +Institute Cargo clause C -ICC(C) Về mặt toán học : Nếu mua theo EX WORKS : CIF = Ex WORKS + I1(Rủi ro đường từ vị trí bốc hàng đến cảng lúc hàng chưa qua cầu tàu) + F1 (Cước chuyên chở từ vị trí bốc hàng đến cảng + F2 (Cước phí từ cảng đến cảng đến) + I (Phí bảo hiểm từ cảng đến cảng đến) CIF = FOB + (Cước phí từ cảng đến cảng đến) + I (Phí bảo hiểm từ cảng đến cảng đến) CIP ,CPT gióng hệt FCA người bán phải thuê phuơng tiện vận tải chuển rủi ro sau giao hàng cho ngừoi vận tải, vận chuyển hàng Container nên thay CFR bang CPT CIF CIP VÌ CÁC LÝ DO SAU : +Nhanh chóng chuyển rủi ro +Lấy hóa đơn sớm nên sớm đuợc tóan +Chi phi kinh doanh it hon (Tuy nhiên neu XK gao voi khoi luong lon thi phai dung cac dieu kien: FOB,CFR;CIF) Bây ta bán hàng với điều kiện CIF tính bảo hiểm ? Muốn tính giá trị bảo hiểm phải có tỷ lệ ,thường ký hiệu R quản bảo hiểm ấn định Tiếp ta phải tính giá trị bảo hiểm, hợp đồng ta mua với giá CIF Theo thông lệ quốc tế ước tính lời 10% nên giá trị bảo hiểm la 110% CIF hay CIF(a+1), a mức dự kiến lời CIF = C+ F + I= C+ F + R x (a+1)CIF Từ suy ra, giá CIF = (C+ F)(1+a)/(1-R) = (FOB+F)(1+a)/(1-R); Ta dễ dàng tính mức phí bao hiểm : I= R * CIF*(a+1) Đối với hàng xuất : Người bán mua bảo hiểm cho hàng xuất I = R*(C+F)*(a+1) /(1-R) Đối với hàng nhập : Tức người mua tự mua bảo hiểm I = R*(C+F)/(1-R) Chú ý không (a+1) người mua tự mua bảo hiểm, để giảm phí họ không tính thêm lời vào 11.Force majeure or act of god : Điều khỏan bất khả kháng The seller is not responsible for breach of contract due to the clauses of Force Majeure such as wars, embargoes , fire, floods, civil commotion ,insurrection, riots, strikes, earthquakes, tempests and goverment''''s restriction 12 Complaint : Khiếu kiện Any complaint of quality and quantity, if any, the buyer will inform the seller by fax about that effect.Then within 30 days from the day of discharging the buyer will lodge a formal claim with proper documents issued by Cty kiểm định recognised public survoyor Such claim will be settled by the seller within 45 days upon receipt of the buyer''''s formal claim After the above mentioned specified date all claims will become null and void 13 Arbitration : Trọng tài in the course of excuting this contract, all disputes not reaching ar amicable agreement shall be setled by the Arbitration Committee of VietNam under the rules of the international chamber of commerce of which awards shall be final and binding both parties The fee for the arbitration and other charges shall be borne by the loosing party 14 other clauses : -This contract is made in 06 English originals,each party keeps -This contract comes into effect from signing date to February 21st, 2008 -Any change against the above clauses will be discused and confirmed by both parties and shall be valid only if made in written form Cuối phần ký tên For the seller For the buyer HỢP ĐỒNG XUẤT KHẨU THỦY SẢN CONTRACT No 02 – HV – Seafoodconnection – 2007 DATE: Octorber 09,2007 * The Seller: HUNG VUONG CORPORATION Block 44, My Tho Industrial Zone, Tien Giang Province, Vietnam Represented by: Mr Duong Ngoc Minh – Chairman Tel: (848) 2610014 Fax: (848) 8536 051 – Sales Department ADVISING BANK: SAIGON BANK FOR INDUSTRY AND TRADE – CHOLON BRANCH 144 CHAU VAN LIEM ST., DISTRICT 5, HOCHIMINH CITY, VIETNAM SWIFT: SBITVN VX ACCOUNT NO 540G.02227 TEL: 848-8558 125 FAX: 848-8553 660 * The Buyer: SEAFOOD CONNECTION Het Spijk 12, 8321 WT Urk Represented by: Mr Jan Kaptijn - Managing Director Tel: + 31 (0) 527 687066 ; Fax: + 31 (0) 527 687067 ISSUE BANK: ABN AMRO OPERATIONS TRANSACTION BANKING TRADE PROCESSING CENTRE POSTBUS 949 3000DD ROTTERDAM SWIFT/BIC: ABNANL2A Both parties had discussed and mutually agreed to conclude this contract with terms and conditions as follows: COMMODITY – QUANTITY – UNIT PRICE: PANGASIUS FILLETS, LATIN NAME: PANGASIUS HYPOPHTHALMUS + Skinless, Boneless, belly off, fully trimmed , belly flap off, white meat + Packing: IQF, 5kg Bulk Seacon Carton, 85% Net weight, 15% glazing SIZE (OZ/PC) CARTONS WEIGHT (KGS) USD/KG/ CNF ROTTERDAM, THE NETHERLANDS AMOUNT (USD) 4/6 4,300 21,500 2.60 55,900.00 TOTAL 4,300 21,500 55,900.00 + TOTAL QUANTITY: ABT 17,200CARTONS = 86,000KGS (ABT 86 MT = X 40’ FCL) Quality and Bacteria Standards pangasius contract Microbiology Standard Limit* Unit Total Plate Count