1. Thai Lan
1.1. Cac Luat lien quan den bao v§ NTD a Thai Lan
Hai Luat trung tam ve bao ve NTD a Thai Lan la Luat Bao ve NTD nam 1979 va Luat ve tiep thi va ban hang true tiep nam 2002. Luat Bao ve NTD quy djnh cu the cac quyen va nghia vu cua NTD, cua chu the kinh doanh va ca quan chju trach nhiem thuc thi phap luat bao ve NTD va dieu chinh ba ITnh vuc chinh: bao ve NTD trong ITnh vuc quang cao, van de ghi nhan mac va hop dong. Luat ve tiep thi va ban hang true tiep nham giam sat va quan ly hoat dong tiep thi va ban hang true tiep, va bao ve NTD trong cac hoat dong kinh doanh do. Van phong Uy ban Bao ve NTD (Office of the Consumer Protection Board) true thuoc Van phong Thu tuang Chinh phu la ca quan trung uang ve bao ve NTD. Van phong thanh lap theo quy dinh cua Luat Bao ve NTD va chiu trach nhiem thuc thi 2 ngu6n luat nay a Thai Lan.
1.2 He thong bao ve NTD hien hanh cua Thai lanVan phong Uy ban Bao ve NTD Van phong Uy ban Bao ve NTD
Nhu da de cap a phan I, a Thai Lan, Van phong Uy ban Bao ve NTD thuoc Van phong Thu tuang Chinh phu la ca quan chinh co chuc nang bao ve NTD, dugc thanh lap ngay 5 thang 5 nam 1979 (co dja chi website: http://www.ocpb.go.th), hoat dong theo Luat Bao ve NTD, chiu su quan ly va kiem soat cua Thu tuang Chinh phu. Nguai dung dau ca quan nay la “Tong Thu ky”.
Van phong Uy ban Bao ve NTD co tham quyen va trach nhiem nhu sau:
r r \
- tiep nhan khieu nai cua NTD khi quyen lgi cua hg bi xam hai do hoat dong kinh doanh cua doanh nghiep gay ra;
- theo doi va giam sat cac hoat dong cua nhung doanh nghiep vi pham quyen cua NTD, va sap xep de kiem tra va tham djnh chat lugng hang hoa va djch vu nhim bao ve quyln lgi NTD;
- thuc day hay tien hanh viec nghien cuu cac van d l lien quan den bao ve NTD cung cac vien nghien cuu hay cac ca quan khac;
- thuc day giao due cho NTD ve an toan va nguy hai cua hang hoa, dich vu;
- pho bien thong tin ky thuat va thong tin giao due tai NTD nham tao thoi quen tieu dung tot cho sue khoe, tiet kiem va tan dung toi da nguon luc tu nhien;
- hop tac vai cac ca quan nha nuac va cac ca quan khac co tham quyen va trach nhiem quan ly, thuc day hoac xay dung cac tieu chuan cua hang hoa va dich vu;
- thuc hien cac hoat dong khac do Ban ho&c cac Uy ban khac giao pho.
r r
So lugng can bo cua Van phong Uy ban Bao ve NTD tinh den ngay 01/04/2007 la 160 nguai (Chi tiet tai Phu luc 1)
Nhu vay mot trong nhung chuc nang chinh cua Van phong Uy ban Bao ve NTD (OCPB) la tiep nhan khieu cua NTD khi ho bi xam hai bai cac hanh vi cua chu the kinh doanh. Khi OCPB nhan dugc khieu nai cua NTD, Van phong Uy ban thuang co ca che de cung cap nhung hS trg can thiet cho NTD.
Uy ban Bao ve NTD
Ben canh do, Thai lan con co mot ca quan co ten la Uy ban Bao ve NTD (cac thanh vien cua Uy ban co nhiem ky la 3 nam).
Uy ban Bao ve NTD co chu tich la Thu tuang Chinh phu, va bao gom cac thanh vien thuoc hau het cac ca quan chinh phu co lien quan. Uy ban giu mot trong nhilng trong trach quan trong la de trinh len Hoi d in g Bo truang nhung van de lien quan den chinh sach va bien phap bao ve NTD; Thu tuang Chinh phu co the giao cho Uy ban giai quyet bat ky van de quan trong nao ve bao ve NTD. Uy ban co the de xuat y kien cua minh len Hoi dong Bo truong xem xet va trien khai. Neu Hoi dong Bo truong nhan thay can ban hanh cac chinh sach va bien phap nham bao ve NTD, hg se giao cho Uy ban Bao ve NTD cung vai su phoi hgp cua cac ca quan lien quan.
Uy ban Bao ve NTD co nhung quyen han va nhiem vu nhu duai day: - xem xet cac khieu nai cua NTD khi hg gap phai kho khan hay thiet hai do hanh vi doanh cua doanh nghiep;
- khai kien doi vai hang hoa gay hai cho sue khoe NTD theo Dieu 36 - Luat Bao ve NTD;
- cong khai cac thong tin ve hang hoa va dich vu co th i gay t6n hai din quyen lgi cua NTD, va cung vi muc dich do thi ten cua hang hoa va djch vu hay ten cua chu the kinh doanh co the dugc chi ro;
- dua ra kien nghi va lai khuyen cho cac Uy ban vu viec, xem xet va quyet dinh khang nghi doi vai lenh cua Uy ban vu viec;
- ban hanh cac quy dinh lien quan den viec thuc hien trach nhiem cua Uy ban vu viec va tieu uy vien;
- giam sat va thuc day viec viec thuc hien clitic nang va nhiem vu cua cac can bo co tham quyen, cac quan chuc chinh phu hay cac ca quan nha nuac khac theo quy dinh cua luat cung nhu tien hanh khai kien cua cac can bo co tham quyen doi vai vi pham den quyen cua NTD;
- xay dung thu tuc khai kien doi vai hanh vi vi pham quyen lgi hop phap cua NTD khi Ban thay can thiet hoac khi co yeu cau.
- de xuat y kien len Hoi dong Bo truang ve chinh sach va cac bien phap
_ r r r \ i
bao ve NTD, xem xet va dua ra y kien cho bat ky van de nao lien quan den bao ve NTD khi dugc Hoi dong Bo truang hoac Bo truang giao.
- tien hanh cac hoat dong khac theo quy dinh cua luat ve chuc nang cua Ban.
Khi thuc hien cac nhiem vu neu tren, Uy ban co the giao cho Van phong Uy ban Bao ve NTD thuc hien hoac chuan bi cae de xuat de trinh len Uy ban xem xet.
_____ Cac eg quan nha nirfrc khac____________________________________ Ten to chuc : Cue Quan ly luang thuc va thu6c, Bo Y te
Trach nhiem: Quan ly va thuc thi Luat v l dugc phim A.D. 1958, Luat v l thuc pMm A.D. 1979
Dia chi website: http://www.fda.moph.go.th_________________________
Ten to chuc : Vu Thuang mai noi dia, B6 Thuang mai
Trach nhiem: Quan ly va thuc thi Luat Canh tranh thuang mai A.D. 1999 Dia chi website: http://www.dit.go.th
Ten t6 chuc : Vu Bao hiem, Bo Thuang mai
Trach nhiem: Quan ly va thuc thi Luat Bao hilm nhan tho 1992 va Luat bao hiem phi nhan tho 1992
Ten t6 chuc : Trung tam di€n tu va c6ng nghe may tinh qu6c gia, Bo Khoa hoc Cong nghe va Moi truong
Trach nhiem: Quan ly va thuc thi Luat giao dich dien tu A.D.2001
Dia chi website: http://www.nitc.go.th___________________________
Ten t6 chuc : Vien Tieu chuan Cong nghiep Thai lan, Bo Cong nghiep Dia chi website: http://www.tisi.go.th
Ten to chuc : 1) Vu Quy hoach do thi va viec cong, Bo Noi vu 2) Vu Dat dai, Bo Ngi vu
Trach nhiem: Quan ly va thuc thi Luat Xay dung 1979 va Luat phan b6 d lt dai 2000
Dia chi website: http://www.dpt.go.th. http://www.dol.go.th____________
Cac to chirc NTD tir nhan dirge Van phong Uy ban Bao ve NTD chung n h a n _______________________________________________________
Ten t6 chuc : Hiep hoi sue manh NTD Thai Lan
Dia chi : Duong 645/64 Petchaburi, Phrayatai, Ratchathewee, Bangkok
Ten t6 chuc : Hiep hoi bap ve lgi ich NTD
Dia chi : 1034, Building 4 Kring Kasem Road, Mahanak, Pomprab, Bangkok_______________ ____________________ ____________________
Ten t6 chuc : Hiep hoi bao ve quyen lai NTD
Dia chi : 116/282 Moo 5, Soi thiensuan 4, Klongthanon, Saimai, Bangkok
T6n to chuc : Hiep hoi bao ve quyen v& lgi ich cong dong
Dia chi : 226/8 Moo 4, Bhudhamonton Sai 2 Road, North Bangkhae, Bangkhae, Bangkok
Ten t6 chuc : Quy tai trg cho NTD
Dia chi website: http://w w w .consumerthai.org
2. Indonesia
2.1. Cae Luat lien quan den bao ve NTD o’ Indonesia
Luat Bao v e N T D Indonesia ban hanh ngay 20/4/1999, co hieu lire tir ngay 21/4/2000. Truac khi ban hanh Luat nay thi khong co mot van ban phap
ly nao quy dinh day du mot khung phap ly cho bao ve N T D a Indonesia. Luat
bao gom 15 chuong va 65 dieu quy dinh quyen va trach nhiem cua NTD, to chuc, ca nhan kinh doanh, cac ca quan, to chuc ve bao ve NTD, trach nhiem huang dan va giam sat ve bao ve NTD, ca che giai quyet tranh chap, cac che tai xu ly vi pham phap luat bao ve NTD.
2.2. Cac co1 quan, to chu*c bao ve ngircri tieu dung va co* che giaiquyet tranh chsip cua Indonesia quyet tranh chsip cua Indonesia
Uy ban bao ve ngircri tieu dung quoc gia (NCPB)
Uy ban bao ve nguai tieu dung quoc gia dugc thanh lap tai thu do
■> r
Jakarta va chiu trach nhiem truac Tong thong nuac Cong hoa Indonesia Uy ban co trach nhiem chinh la tu van cho chinh phu ve cac chinh sach nguai tieu dung, tien hanh cac nghien cuu cac van de va phap luat ve bao ve nguai tieu dung, nghien cuu ve hang hoa va dich vu lien quan den an toan cua nguai tieu
dung, thuc dky sir phat trien cua cac to chuc bao ve nguai tieu dimg va tiep
nhan cac khieu nai ve bao ve nguai tieu dung. Uy ban cung co trach nhiem nang cao nhan thuc cua nguai tieu dung ve cac van de lien quan thong qua cac phuang tien thong tin dai chung.
Theo quy dinh tai Chuang 3 Luat Bao ve N T D thi U y ban Bao ve NTD quoc gia chuc nang va nhiem vu nhu sau:
- tu van va de xuat y kien cho Chinh phu trong viec xay dung chinh sach ve bao ve NTD;
f \