... AMY1 and AMY2 active sites
are twice as long as that ofthe human and porcine enzymes
containing only five subsites [9–12]. In addition, a noncata-
lytic site that facilitated adsorption onto starch ... corresponding
dissociation constants. In this equation, it was easier for a
calculated constant to compare its value relative to zero
rather than to obtain a large value. When the association
constant value was ... spectra of acarbose binding
The inhibition ofthe amylolytic activity of AMY1 by
acarbose involved, as shown above, specific interactions at
either the active site, as in EI, and/or at the secondary
binding...
... attractive formats. A list of
useful software can be found onthe websites ofthe British Dyslexia Association
and the Professional association of teachers of students with specific learning
difficulties ... as writers, they demonstrate that they can:
ã engage their reader(s)
ã adapt their writing to suit the audience and purpose ofthe piece
ã use grammatical and stylistic features to ensure clarity, ... Over the past 10 years, the gap between boys’ and girls’ performance has
increased, with the widest gap in writing.
ã The content ofthe writing of many learners of all abilities is often marred...
... rough
comparison ofthe dissociation velocities indicated at
least a 10-fold faster liberation ofthe fluorescent ana-
logue when compared with Cbl. The CBC dissociation
spanned at least 90% ofthe total ... respects. An alternative
explanation seems to be more probable. Thus, distor-
ted shape ofthe analogue causes partial corruption of
its bonds with IF. As a consequence, the ligand and
the protein ... °C was incubated over time. Free ligands
were adsorbed on charcoal, and the absorbance spectra
were recorded. Concentration of appearing IF–CNCbl was
calculated by comparison with the standards...
... TCA TCA
TCA TCA TCA GGG CAC GAC ACA CAT CCC C; and
reverse primer, GAT CGG TAC CTC ATT ACA GAG
GAG GGA TAT GGG GAA C. The PCR reaction was
done as described above. The amplified PCR product was
inserted ... by
MALDI-TOF ⁄ TOF fragment ion analysis as well as
by Edman degradation ofthe corresponding peptide
after purification by reversed-phase chromatography.
During the search for and confirmation of ... was amplified from genomic T. reesei DNA
with the following primers: forward, GGG GAC AAG
TTT GTA CAA AAA AGC AGG CTA TCA TGC TGT TGT
CAG GTC CCT CTC G; and reverse, GGG GAC CAC
TTT GTA CAA GAA...
... acid affinity ofthe Paratelphusa lectin was
further proved by its inability to inhibit sialidase-treated
BSM and bovine thyroglobulin. Alsothe lectin failed to
agglutinate desialylated rabbit ... purification.
Erythrocyte preparation
Blood for HA assay was prepared as described by
Ravindranath et al. [12].
Hemagglutination assay
Hemagglutination assays were performed in microtiter
plates (Falcon) as recommended ... of animal glycoconjugate. They act
as an important component ofthe ligands recognized by the
lectins. Recognition can be affected by specific structural
variations and modifications of sialic acids...
... steric
clashes with the aromatic ring of Tyr269, and these
unfavorable interactions could lead to a decrease of local
flexibility and an increased E
a
value.
The validity ofthe above interpretation was ... value almost 2.5-fold higher than
the native cold adapted enzyme (Table 1). The mutant
G26 1A/ Y26 9A exhibits an E
a
almost the same as in the case
ofthenativeenzyme(Table1).
Thermal inactivation ... was further
reinforced by the construction ofthe double mutant
G26 1A/ Y26 9A. The additional substitution of Tyr269 fi
Ala was designed with the aim of reducing the spatial
constraints originating...
... DR2:
5Â-CCGTAAGGTCACAAGGTCACTCG-3Â,DR3:5Â-CCG
TAAGGTCACAGAGGTCACTCG-3Â, DR4: 5Â-CCGTAA
GGTCACAGGAGGTCACTCG-3Â, DR5: 5Â-CCGTAAGG
TCACCAGGAGGTCACTCG-3Â. PAL0: 5Â-CGCAAGGT
CATGACCTCG-3Â. One strand of each oligonucleotide was
annealed after ... [21]. A SmNR1 specific probe of 497 bp was
produced by PCR amplification with TOPO 2.1-SmNR1 as
a template (forward primer: 5Â-ATTTCAGAAGTTGAAC
AAACACAC-3Â, reverse primer: 5Â-AAGATGGTATT
GAAGATGATGGTTGA-3Â), ... bind to the Gal1 UAS
element and the Gal4 activation domain will drive transcription of
the expression ofthe reporter gene. Individual AH109 yeast
colonies obtained from initial transformation were...
... step of fatty acid
metabolism, i.e., the reaction of fatty acid with CoA to
produce acyl-CoA onthe outer membrane of mitochondria.
Acyl-CoA is then transported into the matrix for
b-oxidation of ... within the rat olfactory
placode. Recombinant O-MACS protein tagged with c-Myc
and His6 demonstrated an acyl-CoA synthetase activity for
fatty acid activation, and protein localization to mitochon-
dria ... Yoshihara, Y., Kawasaki, M., Tamada, A. , Fujita, H., Hayashi,
H., Kagamiyama, H. & Mori, K. (1997) OCAM: a new member of
the neural cell adhesion molecule family related to zone-to-zone
projection...
... in
ligand recognition. However, the fact that the iodinated
ligand is still biologically active and displays an affinity
comparable with the affinity ofthe native peptide indicates
that the tyrosine ... biologically active. Binding of this ligand to the
microsomal fraction of S. oryzae extract was found to be
saturable and reversible, with an a nity (K
d
)of2 .6n
M
,and
a high maximal binding capacity ... susceptibility
or resistance of the
Sitophilus
spp. strains
The specific binding activity ofthe microsomal fraction of
different weevil strains, ofthe pea aphid A. pisum and of the
fruit fly D. melanogaster...
... water. The incorporation of
18
Ofromradio-
labeled water was not observed with guaiacol.
It was clear that the b-aryl ether cleavage enzyme
catalyzed the addition of two molecules of H
2
O(atCa and
Cb ... presence of guaiacylglycerol (GG) and 4MU
(data not shown).
Localization of enzymatic activity
To confirm the localization ofthe b-aryl ether cleavage
activity, we prepared a hyphae fraction (HP), an ... incorporated into GG. In
addition, we found the radiolabeled oxygen at the Ca and
Cb positions in a comparison ofthe mass spectrum with
that ofthe products ofthe reaction with GG and
unlabeled water....