sử dụng nhiều nhất trong việc giao tiếp máy tính và thu thập dữ liệu theo báo cáo từ national instrument

Basic immunology functions and disorders of the immune system

Ngày tải lên : 04/08/2016, 15:18

... lymphocytes kill any type of host cells that are harboring infectious microbes in the cytoplasm Thus, the antibodies produced by B lymphocytes recognize extracellular microbial antigens, whereas ... LYMPHOCYTES Lymphocytes are the only cells that produce specific receptors for antigens and are thus the key mediators of adaptive immunity Although all lymphocytes are morphologically similar ... of naive lymphocytes into effector cells and memory cells is initiated by antigen recognition, thus ensuring that the immune response that develops is specific for the antigen Effector cells...

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Báo cáo y học: " Effector mechanisms of interleukin-17 in collagen-induced arthritis in the absence of interferon-γ and counteraction by interferon-γ" pot

Ngày tải lên : 09/08/2014, 14:22

... are transforming growth factor (TGF)-β, IL-6 and IL-23 [7] Interferon (IFN)-γ, as a contrast, strongly inhibits development of Th17 cells both in vitro and in vivo [1,3,8] Anti-IFN-γ added during ... 2% heat-inactivated FCS were seeded in chamber slides (LAB-TEK Brand Products, Nalge Nunc International, Naperville, IL, USA) After an incubation of 48 hours, cells were stimulated with IL-17 ... collected and cells were harvested using a cell scraper (LAB-TEK Brand Products, Nalge Nunc International, Naperville, IL, USA) Cells were washed and pellets were used for PCR Flow cytometry Single-cell...

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Báo cáo y học: " Ageing, autoimmunity and arthritis: Senescence of the B cell compartment — implications for humoral immunity" pptx

Ngày tải lên : 09/08/2014, 01:23

... immunoglobulin transgenic mice express a mature, fully rearranged BCR very early in development, thus obviating the need for endogenous IgH, λ5, and VpreB These data indicate minimally that factors ... expansions found in the periphery of aged animals are not found among B cell precursors in the BM [37] Thus, it has been hypothesized that these cells develop in the periphery, probably as a result of ... [50] In the absence of naïve competitors, however, these same cells enter the follicle and survive Thus, in normal, young adult animals, competition for limited follicular niches excludes the majority...

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Báo cáo y học: "Antibody-induced arthritis: disease mechanisms and genes involved at the effector phase of arthritis" ppsx

Ngày tải lên : 09/08/2014, 08:23

... hand, RA itself is not a single disease but a syndrome that includes different disease phenotypes Thus, one should look for similar or common disease pathways involved in the disease development ... in the absence of inflammatory mediators, being involved in impaired cartilage formation [48], strong inhibition of collagen fibrillogenesis [49] and disorganization of CII fibrils in the extracellular ... was emphasized by the recent observations of enhanced cartilage-specific antibody binding and, thus, arthritis severity in mice with collagen type IX deficiency [55] Available online http://arthritis-research.com/content/8/6/223...

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Báo cáo y học: "Tumor-infiltrating effector cells of α-galactosylceramide-induced antitumor immunity in metastatic liver tumor" pdf

Ngày tải lên : 11/08/2014, 10:23

... selectively induced NK cell proliferation and cytotoxicity via an IFN-γ and IL-12-dependent pathway [17] Thus, NKT cells, activated by a specific CD1drestricted antigen, may induce innate immunity indirectly ... after tumor inoculation, none of the mice survived after 55 days even in the α-GalCer-treated group Thus, we decided to sacrifice mice in both groups on day 21 to enucleate tumor nodules 0.6 0.4 0.2 ... ratio; α-GalCer: 20.0 ± 3.2 pg/ml, Vehicle: 19.5 ± 3.7 pg/ml) Discussion α-GalCer can elicit a very strong antitumor immune response in many tumor models of mice Recent studies have demonstrated that...

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Báo cáo y học: "Lung epithelium as a sentinel and effector system in pneumonia – molecular mechanisms of pathogen " pdf

Ngày tải lên : 12/08/2014, 16:20

... well as two other isolates (HcoV-NL and HcoV-HKU1) were identified in the last years [30,32,33] Thus, a number of important emerging and reemerging pathogens have to be added to the list of pneumonia ... epithelium-related information obtained from these models by specific analysis of the lung epithelium Thus, Wang et al showed that H influenza induced TLR4-dependent TNFα and MIP1α expression in lung ... a byproduct of viral replication, is recognized by TLR3 within the endocytoplasmic compartment Thus, TLR3 reportedly participates in the recognition of influenza A virus [77], rhinovirus [78]...

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A study of the mechanisms of immunity to pasteurella haemolytica infection

Ngày tải lên : 30/09/2015, 05:52

... and their and supervision excellent discussions useful P W Wells Dr G for Miss A Sclater, for Armstrong help supported Agricultural C with by proof a Research - Abbreviations AM = alveolar BA = ... virus may well sheep the 1978) factor Synergism been a P that (Sharp, haemolytica P of Rushton, theory rendering bacteria aerosol predisposing infection factors an infection a P13 virus of pasteurellosis ... prevented the synergistic the investigation mice interval virus This model effect of maximum was and thus in useful proved bacterial and viral It virus infection, has effect infection days Sendai between...

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Báo cáo y học: "Proteomic analysis of mechanisms of hypoxia-induced apoptosis in trophoblastic cells"

Ngày tải lên : 31/10/2012, 15:12

... weakly basic delivery reagent, ethoxylated polyethylenimine (EPEI), as instructed by Gene Tools Thus, 3.7 μl of Bag-1 Morpho/AS stock solution (0.5 mM) and 3.7 μl of EPEI delivery reagent (200 ... the transfection of Bag-1 Morpho/AS, although the expression of PTEN and Bcl-X was not changed Thus Bag-1 showed inhibitory effects on the proapoptotic proteins Bid and Bad Bag-1 also exhibited ... Morpho/AS, they exhibited a 3.75-fold increase, 1.91-fold increase, and 1.07-fold increase, respectively Thus discrepancies between mRNA expression and the PowerBlot results were detected Furthermore,...

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Báo cáo y học: " Induction and effector phase of allergic lung inflammation is independent of CCL21/CCL19 and LT-beta

Ngày tải lên : 03/11/2012, 11:24

... factors associated with lymphoid tissues Thus, in many cases, local Th2 responses could provide a default response to various immune triggers in the absence of strong Th1 stimuli [46] In the context ... transferred CD4 T cells were taken from donors matching the genetic background of the recipient Thus, C57BL/6 mice were used as donor of CD4 T cells for C57BL/6 and LTβ-KO mice while plt recipients ... mice, increases in airway resistance were also increased to levels exhibited in wild type mice Thus, Th2 effector responses leading to changes in airway resistance were also not dependent on...

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Study on the Photolytic Mechanisms of Red 141 Dye Wastewaters with an 185nm Vacuum-UV lamp

Ngày tải lên : 05/09/2013, 09:08

... al., 1998) in the reaction systems and supposed to be the linear summation (Shen et al., 1995), thus: kUV/N2 = kuvonly + kOH·H2O where (5) kUV/N2 : pseudo-first order rate constant of pollutants ... forces are referred to kuv.only, k OH·H2O, and kOH·O2 and also supposed to be the linear summation, thus: kUV/O2 = kuvonly + kOH·H2O + kOH·O2 = kUV/N2 + kOH.O2 - 21 - (6) Journal of Water and Environment ... reaction rate constants of the four driving forces are also supposed to be the linear summation, thus: kUV/H2O2 = kuvonly + kOH·H2O + kOH·O2 + kOH·H2O2 = kUV.N2 + kOH·O2 + kOH·H2O2 where (7) kUV/H2O2...

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ISOTOPE HYDROGRAPH SEPARATION FOR MODELING OF RUNOFF MECHANISMS OF ATMOSPHERICALLY DERIVED CHEMICAL AND RADIOACTIVE POLLUTANTS

Ngày tải lên : 05/09/2013, 09:08

... environment, Report of Special Research from the National Institute for Environmental Sciences, SR-6-'91, NIES, Tsukuba, Japan (In Japanese) National Land Agency (ed.) (1980) A survey data on ... employed in the present study was the standard mean ocean water (SMOW) distributed by the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) The hydrogen isotopic composition was measured by reducing ... oxygen composition of CO2 was analyzed with a mass spectrometer (Isoprime-Multiflow System, VG Instruments) equipped with a gas chromatography column for separation of CO2 The standard deviation...

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Mechanisms of Unstable Nitrite Inhibition of Aerobic Phosphate Uptake

Ngày tải lên : 05/09/2013, 09:38

... alternating anaerobic(180min)-aerobic(130min) conditions AO/N SBR received a small amount of nitrite that theoretically resulted in mgN/l in the reactor at initial minute of aerobic phase, while AO SBR ... conditions During initial 120 minutes of anoxic phase, nitrate was introduced into the reactor to theoretically result in 46 mgN/l in the reactor Other experimental conditions were the same for ... mgP/gVSS.h), because they were cultivated by nitrate as an electron acceptor instead of oxygen Thus, the enriched PAOs with different anoxic activities were obtained Variation of aerobic phosphorus...

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Transmission mechanisms of monetary policy the evidence

Ngày tải lên : 05/01/2014, 17:01

... policy • Weak link between nominal interest rates and investment spending does not rule out a strong link between real interest rates and investment spending • Interest-rate effects are only ... growth rate of the money supply is soon followed by a decline in output in these episodes, much stronger evidence is presented that money growth is the driving force behind the business cycle • ... likelihood of financial distress, which raises the desire of consumers to hold durable goods or housing, thus ↑ spending on them Expansionary monetary policy Pe ↑, value of financial assets ↑, likelihood...

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Tài liệu Women''''s attitudes towards mechanisms of action of family planning methods: survey in primary health centres in Pamplona, Spain doc

Ngày tải lên : 13/02/2014, 06:20

... "My faith is the most important influence in my life"?, with a five point scale from "strongly agree" to "strongly disagree") Women who attended church once per week or more often and considered ... kind of centre for obtaining primary care from family physicians These centres are part of the National Health Service and they not have any particular religious affiliation Prior to distributing ... after implantation, if they were to learn that their own FP method worked in this way (Table 4) Thus, both the beliefs about human life beginning and considering a difference between natural and...

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Tài liệu Báo cáo khoa học: Mechanisms of amyloid ﬁbril formation – focus on domain-swapping doc

Ngày tải lên : 14/02/2014, 18:20

... The electrostatic interaction between polar C=O and NH groups in the peptide backbone depends strongly on the peptide backbone conformation [37,38] In the extended b-strand conformation, C=O ... of backbone atoms is much larger for a conformers than for b conformers Interaction with solvent thus compensates for the destabilization of the a conformation as a result of peptide dipole moments ... calculate the propensity of a protein to aggregate is based on either sequence or structural data, thus taking into consideration the known data, including intrinsic and external factors [83–85]...

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Tài liệu Báo cáo khoa học: Survival mechanisms of pathogenic Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv ppt

Ngày tải lên : 16/02/2014, 15:20

... fused phagolysosomes into vacuoles that fail to fuse to the secondary lysosomes and thus escape lysosomal killing Thus, temporary residence within a phagolysosome FEBS Journal 277 (2010) 2416–2427 ... related gene products called the antigen 85 complex, each having ﬁbronectin binding capacity and thus an important role in disease pathogenesis [17] LAM is also a major constituent of mycobacterial ... anti-phosphotyrosine reactive protein is present only in strains belonging to M tuberculosis complex [109] Thus, protein phosphorylation may play an important role in the pathogenesis of mycobacteria It...

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Tài liệu Báo cáo khoa học: Mechanisms of obesity and related pathologies: Androgen deﬁciency and endothelial dysfunction may be the link between obesity and erectile dysfunction pptx

Ngày tải lên : 18/02/2014, 06:20

... increased tissue contractility and reduced relaxation, thus impeding erectile function Although many of these studies point towards a strong association between obesity and ED, further 5760 research ... in circulating androgen levels, and such a decrease in androgens, rather than BMI alone, is a stronger predictor for the onset of CVD and diabetes in obese patients Interestingly, Stefan et al ... cortisol and increased aromatization of androgens to estrogens results in reduced testosterone levels Thus, visceral fat contributes to PVD, including the vascular bed of the penis, with adverse effects...

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Tài liệu Báo cáo khoa học: Reaction mechanisms of thiamin diphosphate enzymes: redox reactions pdf

Ngày tải lên : 18/02/2014, 08:20

... the distorted conformation resembles the reduced state of the ﬂavin, thus increasing its oxidizing power The widelyaccepted theoretical framework for biological electron transfer (Dutton’s ruler) ... calomel electrode; E°ox(1) = )0.72 V and E°ox(2) = )0.49 V versus standard hydrogen electrode) [20] Thus, the high reducing power of the enamine intermediate is by far sufﬁcient to initiate downhill ... Clusters A, B (medial) and C (distal) of ˚ each subunit are separated by approximately 10–12 A, thus allowing for facile electron transfer in a suitably organized redox chain (Dutton’s empirical...

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Tài liệu Báo cáo khoa học: Kinetic analysis of effector modulation of butyrylcholinesterase-catalysed hydrolysis of acetanilides and homologous esters pdf

Ngày tải lên : 18/02/2014, 17:20

... Ki = 0.74 0.58 mm with o-NTFNAC Thus, propanil interferes with the formation of ES, but not with SpE or SpES In the BuChEASCh complex, the choline head group strongly interacts with W82 [29] ... order to allow the formation of short, strong hydrogen bonds The observed spatial position of Ser224 and His438 does not allow the formation of such a short, strong hydrogen bond For example, the ... the data in Tables and 2, it can reasonably be stated that, for each enzyme form, Ki = Ka This strongly suggests that FEBS Journal 275 (2008) 26172631 ê 2008 The Authors Journal compilation ê...

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Tài liệu Báo cáo khoa học: Models and mechanisms of O-O bond activation by cytochrome P450 A critical assessment of the potential role of multiple active intermediates in oxidative catalysis doc

Ngày tải lên : 19/02/2014, 16:20

... functionalize unactivated C-H bonds [170] There is strong evidence for Fe(III)-OOH to act as the mesohydroxylating species in HO catalysis Thus, H2O2 has been found to be able to replace NADPH/O2 ... O ẳ Fe(IV) porphyrin p-cation radical, followed by homolytic substitution of the alkyl radical thus formed in the so-called ễoxygen reboundế step [58] (Scheme 1) Using CYP2B isoforms as the catalysts, ... prior to Fenton-type homolytic O-O bond rupture has been vitiated owing to discrepancies between theory and measured data [60], the most favoured activation pathway is heterolytic O-O bond scission...

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