office of dietary supplements national institutes of health what you need to know

... that you may want to ask your doctor. Many people find it helpful to take a list of questions to a doctor visit. To help remember what your doctor says, you can take notes. You may also want to ... in your health are noted and treated if needed. If you have any health problems between checkups, you should contact your doctor. Cancer of the pancreas may come back after treatment. Your doctor ... stages of cancer of the pancreas. See the Taking Part in Cancer Research section on page 28. You may have a team of specialists to help plan your treatment. Your doctor may refer you to a specialist,...

... Director Office of Science Education National Institutes of Health 1 The National Academy of Sciences released the National Science Education Standards in December 1995 to outline what all ... or to make comments, please visit http://science-education.nih.gov /supplements. You may also send your suggestions to Curriculum Supplement Series Office of Science Education National Institutes ... the seam. Your line should pass along “both” sides of the paper before you return to your starting point, even though you do not lift your marker off the paper as you draw. Then run your marker...

... What Lung Cancer Patients Need to Know About Bone Health A Publication of The Bone and Cancer Foundation The mission of The Bone and Cancer Foundation is to: ... copy of the Foundation’s annual report is available by writing to the Foundation office or the Office of the Attorney General, State of New York, Charities Bureau, 120 Broadway, New York, NY 10271 ... Hypercalcemia – What Patients Need to Know Even if their cancer has not spread to bone, lung cancer patients can developed a serious condition called hypercalcemia ― a high level of calcium in...

... VNU Journal of Science, Foreign Languages 26 (2010) 239-245 239 How to foster learner autonomy in country studies at Faculty of English - Hanoi National University of Education? Nguyen ... availing himself of learning opportunities, rather than simply reacting to various stimuli of the teacher (Boud, 1988 [2]; Kohonen, 1992 [3]; Knowles, 1975 [4]). So to some extents, what we can ... the learners to display one part of their own learning process of Country Studies in the form of portfolio. Each individual learner is required to complete his/her own task of freely searching...

... also take care of your mind. u You have to take care of yourself to take care of the people who depend on you, your strength, and your well-being. u Promote your own mental health by keeping ... offers tips to help you protect your mental health. It also suggests who to turn to and where to go when you need help. And it could make it easier for you to talk about mental health. Promoting ... in your life u Getting mental health help when you need it. Mental health is important at every stage in your life. Your mental health needs change throughout your life. But being able to...

... likely to report that they go to a doctor’s office when they are sick (62 percent compared to 88 percent). Health Care Needs and Access to Care 30 The National Survey of Children with Special Health ... care? ■ When your child is seen by doctors or other health care providers, how often are they sensitive to your family’s values and customs? ■ How often did your child’s doctors and other health care ... carefully to you? ■ How often were you able to get someone other than a family member to help you speak with your child’s doctors or other health care providers when an interpreter was needed? For...

... 25 1982and1995,andsurgicallysterilized womenrarelyusefamilyplanning servicesaftertheiroperations.These trends,alongwiththepotentialeffects ofchangesinquestionwordingin1995, deservefurtherdetailedstudy. Inthe12monthsbeforethe1995 interview,33percentreceivedbirth control/familyplanningservices; 27percentreceivedabirthcontrol method,15percentbirthcontrol counseling,and22percentacheckupor testrelatedtobirthcontrol(table73). About62percentofwomen reportedreceivingaPapsmearand 61percentreceivedapelvicexaminthe last12months.Thisissimilarto findingsin1988(32).Thepercents receivingotherservicesweremuch lower:16percentreceivedapregnancy test,17percentanHIVtest,8percent othersexuallytransmitteddisease(STD) testsortreatment,and21percentatest ortreatmentforaninfection(table74). About34millionwomenreceived familyplanningorrelatedreproductive healthservicesfromprivatedoctorsor healthmaintenanceorganizations (HMO)in1995.About15million women,includingsomeofthesame women,receivedtheseservicesfrom othersources—forexample,public familyplanningclinics,otherclinics, andhospitals.Womenwhousedthese othersourcestendedtohavelower incomes.Forexample,only15percent ofwomen22–44yearsofagewhoused aprivatedoctororHMOhadincome lessthan150percentofthepoverty levelcomparedwith46percentofthose whousedpublicfamilyplanning clinics—athreefolddifference(table80). CigaretteSmoking About28percentofwomen15–44 yearsofagewerecurrentcigarette smokersin1995,and14percentwere formersmokers(table84).These findingsaresimilartothosefromthe NHIS(31).Theproportionwho currentlysmokewasnearlyfourtimes ashighamongwomenwithlessthana highschooleducation(47percent)as amongcollegegraduates(12percent) (table84).About18percentofpregnant orpostpartumwomenwerecurrently smokingin1995.About24percentof the10millionusersoforal contraceptiveswerecurrentlysmoking, and10percentweresmoking15or morecigarettesperday.Almost 18percentofteenagewomenwere currentlysmokingin1995(table84). HumanImmunodeficiency VirusTestingandRelated Behavior Thehumanimmunodeficiencyvirus (HIV),thevirusthatcausesacquired immunodeficiencysyndrome(AIDS), wasthesubjectofseveralquestionsin the1995NSFG.About48percentof women15–44yearsofagehavehadan HIVtestatsometimeintheirlives, eitheraspartofblooddonationor unrelatedtoit.Thosemostlikelyto haveeverbeentestedforHIVwere women20–34yearsofage (54–60percent)andthosewithan educationbeyondhighschool (55–56percent)(table85).Ofthe11.4 millionwomentestedforHIVinthe12 monthsbeforethe1995survey,the reasoncitedmostoftenwastofindout ifshewasinfected(40percent); 23percentweretestedinconnection withprenatalcare.Hospitalizationor surgery,applyingforinsurance,and doctor’sreferralwereeachcitedby 7–8percentofrecentlytestedwomen (table86). Intheself-administeredpartofthe NSFGinterview(AudioCASI), 28percentofunmarriedwomenreported thattheirmalepartner(s)inthelast12 months‘‘werehavingsexwithother women’’aroundthesametime.Women withmorepartnersinthelast12months weremorelikelytoreportthattheir malepartners(s)werealsohaving intercoursewithotherwomen— 15percentofthosewithonepartner comparedwith57percentofthosewith threeormorepartners(table87). Amongunmarriedwomen15–44 yearsofagewhohavehadintercourse inthepastyearandwhoreportedthat theyhaveeverusedcondomsfor diseasepreventionatsometimeintheir lives,aboutone-thirdreportedthattheir partnersinthepastyearusedcondoms fordiseasepreventioneverytimethey hadintercourse,one-thirdsaidtheyused condomssometimesbutnoteverytime, andone-thirdsaidnotatall.Among unmarriedwomenwithtwoormore partnersinthepastyear,15percentdid notusecondomsatallinthepastyear fordiseasepreventionand19percent usedthemlessthanhalfthetime;some ofthesewomenmayhaveused condomssolelyforcontraception. Furtherresearchisneededonthesedata todeterminetheextenttowhich unprotectedintercourseoccurredandin whichgroupsofthepopulation (table88,alsoseeDefinitionsofTerms). PelvicInflammatoryDisease andDouching Pelvicinflammatorydisease,or PID,iscausedbyavarietyofinfectious agents.PIDcancauserecurrentpain, ectopicpregnancy,andcanleadto infertilityifleftuntreatedorrecurrent (33).In1995,8percentofwomen reportedthattheyhadbeentreatedfor PIDatsometimeintheirlives— 8percentofHispanicwomen,7percent ofNon-Hispanicwhitewomen,and 11percentofblackwomen.PIDwas twiceascommonamongwomenwho doucheregularly(12percent)compared withwomenwhodonotdouche (6percent).PIDwasalsotwiceas commonamongthosewith10ormore sexualpartnersintheirlifetimes (14percent)asamongwomenwith2–3 partners(7percent)(table89).These findingsaresimilartothoseinthe1982 and1988NSFG,butitappearsthatthe prevalenceofPIDhasdeclined,from 14percentin198 2to1 1percentin1988 and8percentin1995(34). Douchinghasbeenassociatedwith PID,ectopicpregnancy,infertility,and cervicalcancer(35).In1988,37percent ofwomen15–44yearsofagereported thattheyweredouchingregularly.In 1995,thisproportionhaddeclinedto 27percent.However,douchingwasstill morecommonthanaverageamong Hispanicwomen(34percent),black women(55percent),womenwhodid notfinishhighschool(53percent),and thosewhohavehadPID(41percent). Blackcollegegraduateswerefourtimes aslikelytodoucheregularlyaswhite collegegraduates(40percentversus 9percent)(table90). Series23,No.19[Page9 Table ... 25 1982and1995,andsurgicallysterilized womenrarelyusefamilyplanning servicesaftertheiroperations.These trends,alongwiththepotentialeffects ofchangesinquestionwordingin1995, deservefurtherdetailedstudy. Inthe12monthsbeforethe1995 interview,33percentreceivedbirth control/familyplanningservices; 27percentreceivedabirthcontrol method,15percentbirthcontrol counseling,and22percentacheckupor testrelatedtobirthcontrol(table73). About62percentofwomen reportedreceivingaPapsmearand 61percentreceivedapelvicexaminthe last12months.Thisissimilarto findingsin1988(32).Thepercents receivingotherservicesweremuch lower:16percentreceivedapregnancy test,17percentanHIVtest,8percent othersexuallytransmitteddisease(STD) testsortreatment,and21percentatest ortreatmentforaninfection(table74). About34millionwomenreceived familyplanningorrelatedreproductive healthservicesfromprivatedoctorsor healthmaintenanceorganizations (HMO)in1995.About15million women,includingsomeofthesame women,receivedtheseservicesfrom othersources—forexample,public familyplanningclinics,otherclinics, andhospitals.Womenwhousedthese othersourcestendedtohavelower incomes.Forexample,only15percent ofwomen22–44yearsofagewhoused aprivatedoctororHMOhadincome lessthan150percentofthepoverty levelcomparedwith46percentofthose whousedpublicfamilyplanning clinics—athreefolddifference(table80). CigaretteSmoking About28percentofwomen15–44 yearsofagewerecurrentcigarette smokersin1995,and14percentwere formersmokers(table84).These findingsaresimilartothosefromthe NHIS(31).Theproportionwho currentlysmokewasnearlyfourtimes ashighamongwomenwithlessthana highschooleducation(47percent)as amongcollegegraduates(12percent) (table84).About18percentofpregnant orpostpartumwomenwerecurrently smokingin1995.About24percentof the10millionusersoforal contraceptiveswerecurrentlysmoking, and10percentweresmoking15or morecigarettesperday.Almost 18percentofteenagewomenwere currentlysmokingin1995(table84). HumanImmunodeficiency VirusTestingandRelated Behavior Thehumanimmunodeficiencyvirus (HIV),thevirusthatcausesacquired immunodeficiencysyndrome(AIDS), wasthesubjectofseveralquestionsin the1995NSFG.About48percentof women15–44yearsofagehavehadan HIVtestatsometimeintheirlives, eitheraspartofblooddonationor unrelatedtoit.Thosemostlikelyto haveeverbeentestedforHIVwere women20–34yearsofage (54–60percent)andthosewithan educationbeyondhighschool (55–56percent)(table85).Ofthe11.4 millionwomentestedforHIVinthe12 monthsbeforethe1995survey,the reasoncitedmostoftenwastofindout ifshewasinfected(40percent); 23percentweretestedinconnection withprenatalcare.Hospitalizationor surgery,applyingforinsurance,and doctor’sreferralwereeachcitedby 7–8percentofrecentlytestedwomen (table86). Intheself-administeredpartofthe NSFGinterview(AudioCASI), 28percentofunmarriedwomenreported thattheirmalepartner(s)inthelast12 months‘‘werehavingsexwithother women’’aroundthesametime.Women withmorepartnersinthelast12months weremorelikelytoreportthattheir malepartners(s)werealsohaving intercoursewithotherwomen— 15percentofthosewithonepartner comparedwith57percentofthosewith threeormorepartners(table87). Amongunmarriedwomen15–44 yearsofagewhohavehadintercourse inthepastyearandwhoreportedthat theyhaveeverusedcondomsfor diseasepreventionatsometimeintheir lives,aboutone-thirdreportedthattheir partnersinthepastyearusedcondoms fordiseasepreventioneverytimethey hadintercourse,one-thirdsaidtheyused condomssometimesbutnoteverytime, andone-thirdsaidnotatall.Among unmarriedwomenwithtwoormore partnersinthepastyear,15percentdid notusecondomsatallinthepastyear fordiseasepreventionand19percent usedthemlessthanhalfthetime;some ofthesewomenmayhaveused condomssolelyforcontraception. Furtherresearchisneededonthesedata todeterminetheextenttowhich unprotectedintercourseoccurredandin whichgroupsofthepopulation (table88,alsoseeDefinitionsofTerms). PelvicInflammatoryDisease andDouching Pelvicinflammatorydisease,or PID,iscausedbyavarietyofinfectious agents.PIDcancauserecurrentpain, ectopicpregnancy,andcanleadto infertilityifleftuntreatedorrecurrent (33).In1995,8percentofwomen reportedthattheyhadbeentreatedfor PIDatsometimeintheirlives— 8percentofHispanicwomen,7percent ofNon-Hispanicwhitewomen,and 11percentofblackwomen.PIDwas twiceascommonamongwomenwho doucheregularly(12percent)compared withwomenwhodonotdouche (6percent).PIDwasalsotwiceas commonamongthosewith10ormore sexualpartnersintheirlifetimes (14percent)asamongwomenwith2–3 partners(7percent)(table89).These findingsaresimilartothoseinthe1982 and1988NSFG,butitappearsthatthe prevalenceofPIDhasdeclined,from 14percentin198 2to1 1percentin1988 and8percentin1995(34). Douchinghasbeenassociatedwith PID,ectopicpregnancy,infertility,and cervicalcancer(35).In1988,37percent ofwomen15–44yearsofagereported thattheyweredouchingregularly.In 1995,thisproportionhaddeclinedto 27percent.However,douchingwasstill morecommonthanaverageamong Hispanicwomen(34percent),black women(55percent),womenwhodid notfinishhighschool(53percent),and thosewhohavehadPID(41percent). Blackcollegegraduateswerefourtimes aslikelytodoucheregularlyaswhite collegegraduates(40percentversus 9percent)(table90). Series23,No.19[Page9 Table ... or divorced, then custodial parent remarried. See ‘‘Definitions of Terms.’’ 3 Limited to women 22–44 years of age at time of interview. NOTE: Percents may not add to 100 due to rounding. Page 36...

... descriptive statistics related to the fertility, family planning, and reproductive health of U.S. women 15–44 years of age, based on Cycle 6 of the National Survey of Family Growth (NSFG), conducted ... indicators of fertility, parenting, and health for men 15–44 years of age, as well as sexual behavior and reproductive health of men and women (11–13). Strengths and Limitations of the ... behavior and exposure to risk of vol 51 no 2. Hyattsville, MD: National Center for Health Statistics. 2002. 21. Campbell A, Mosher W. A history of the measurement of unintended sexually...

... school were lack of interest, cited especially among the younger females; illness (17% of younger males and females); and having to work at home (15% of the younger females and 26% of the younger males). Among ... Number of partners • Characteristics of partners Contraception/Condom Use • Method(s) • Consistency of use • Correctness of use Use of Health Information and Services • Information received -what, ... reproductive health, due to the greater likelihood of receiving parental guid- ance and support, as well as to the monitoring by par- ents of their adolescent children. It also positively im- pacts young...

... important thing you can do is to help her get an appropriate diagnosis and treatment. You may need to make an appointment on her behalf and go with her to see the doctor. Encourage her to stay in ... history of the illness. In fact, a majority of women with a history of depression will likely relapse during pregnancy if they stop taking their antidepressant medication either prior to conception ... and depression discovering hope National Institute of Mental Health Where can I go for help? If you are unsure where to go for help, ask your family doctor. Others who can help are: • •...

... Essentials of Women's Health: An Integrated Approach to Primary Care and Office Gynecology Essentials of Women's Health: An Integrated Approach to Primary Care and Office Gynecology Course ... Adjourn Essentials of Women's Health: An Integrated Approach to Primary Care and Office Gynecology Essentials of Primary Care: A Core Curriculum for Adult Ambulatory Practice Presented by the Division of ... Allied health professionals, interns and residents. Essentials of Women's Health: MDM06M02 An Integrated Approach to Primary Care and Office Gynecology Register me for Workshop ____ (A or B) to...

... still needed urgent access to health care. Following consul- tation with provincial health authorities, regional offices and health sector implementing partners, the WHO supported the health sector to ... www.ennonline.net to update your mailing details, to make sure you get your copy of Field Exchange. If you are not the named recipient of this Field Exchange copy, keep it or pass it on to someone who you ... services to communities and improving national health indicators. The Programme objectives contribute to the overall health sector goals of improvement in maternal, newborn and child health, provision...

... these data to assess issues such as the prevalence of uninsured children, the relationship of family health to children’s health, and the impact of state programs on children’s health and ... range of special current health topics covering many aspects of health behaviors, health status, and health care utilization. Series 10 is based on data collected in this continuing national ... Surveys—This type of report contains statistics on health and health- related topics collected in special surveys that are not part of the continuing data systems of the National Center for Health Statistics....

... 2007 the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development gave life to the words of President Kennedy, who wished to ‘‘encourage imaginative research into the complex processes of human ... striking ‘ National Institute of Child Health and Human Development’’ and inserting ‘‘Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development’’; (7) in the heading of subpart ... The National Institute of Child Health and Human Development has made unparalleled contributions to the advancement of child health and human development, including significant efforts to ...