Ebook Hyperworks 14.0 Radioss Tutorial And Examples

This tutorial demonstrates how to launch a RADIOSS job from within HyperMesh. A HyperMesh database containing a fully defined RADIOSS finite element model is retrieved and a RADIOSS job is launched from the RADIOSS panel in HyperMesh.

HyperWorks 14.0 RADIOSS Tutorials and Examples HyperWorks is a division of Altair altairhyperworks.com Altair® HyperWorks® A Platform for Innovation® Copyright© 1986-2015 Altair Engineering Inc All Rights Reserved Copyright© Altair Engineering Inc All Rights Reserved for: HyperMesh® 1990-2015; HyperCrash® 2001-2015; OptiStruct® 1996-2015; RADIOSS® 1986-2015; HyperView® 1999-2015; HyperView Player® 2001-2015; HyperStudy® 1999-2015; HyperGraph® 1995-2015; MotionView® 1993-2015; MotionSolve® 2002-2015; HyperForm® 1998-2015; HyperXtrude® 1999- 2015; Process Manager™ 2003-2015; Templex™ 1990-2015; TextView™ 1996-2015; MediaView™ 1999-2015; TableView™ 2013-2015; BatchMesher™ 2003-2015; HyperMath® 2007-2015; HyperWeld® 2009-2015; HyperMold® 2009-2015; Manufacturing Solutions™ 2005-2015; solidThinking® 1993-2015; solidThinking Inspire® 2009-2015; solidThinking Evolve® 1993-2015; Durability Director™ 2009-2015; Suspension Director™ 2009-2015; AcuSolve® 1997-2015; AcuConsole® 2006-2015; SimLab® 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from HyperMesh RD-0020: Running RADIOSS at the Command Line Large Displacement Finite Element Analysis HyperCrash - RD-3000: Tensile Test Setup using HyperCrash RD-3030: Buckling of a Tube using Half Tube Mesh 14 RD-3050: Simplified Car Pole Impact in HyperCrash 25 RD-3060: Three Point Bending with HyperCrash 39 RD-3150: Seat Model with Dummy using HyperCrash 60 RD-3160: Setting up Multi-Domain Analysis using HyperCrash 93 HyperMesh - RD-3500: Tensile Test Setup using HyperMesh 101 RD-3510: Cantilever Beam with Bolt Pretension 110 RD-3520: Pre-Processing for Pipes Impact using RADIOSS 122 RD-3530: Buckling of a Tube using Half Tube Mesh 132 RD-3540: Front Impact Bumper Model using HyperMesh 146 RD-3550: Simplified Car Front Pole Impact 159 RD-3560: Bottle Drop 171 RD-3580: Boat Ditching 183 Boat Ditching with Boundary Elements 183 Boat Ditching without Boundary Elements 195 RD-3590: Fluid Flow through a Rubber Clapper Valve 206 RD-3595: Three Point Bending with HyperMesh 217 RD-3597: Cell Phone Drop Test using HyperMesh 234 RD-3599: Gasket with HyperMesh 247 Examples 258 Example - Snap-thru Roof 265 Example - S-beam Crash 279 Example - Airbag 295 Example - Beam Frame 305 Example - Fuel Tank 314 Example - Pendulums 333 Example - Hopkinson Bar 351 Example - Billiards (pool) 369 Example 10 - Bending 395 Example 11 - Tensile Test 405 Example 12 - Jumping Bicycle 444 Altair Engineering RADIOSS 14.0 Tutorials and Examples Proprietary Information of Altair Engineering i Example 13 - Shock Tube 463 Example 14 - Truck with Flexible Body 484 Example 15 - Gears 512 Example 16 - Dummy Positioning 521 Example 17 - Box Beam 552 Example 18 - Square Plate 618 Example 19 - Wave Propagation 652 Example 20 - Cube 664 Example 21 - Cam 671 Example 22 - Ditching 689 Example 23 - Brake 705 Example 24 - Laminating 715 Example 25 - Spring-back 726 Example 26 - Ruptured Plate 743 Example 27 - Football (Soccer) Shots 754 Example 39 - Biomedical Valve 762 Example 42 - Rubber Ring: Crush and Slide 771 Example 43 - Perfect Gas Modeling with Polynomial EOS 780 Example 44 - Blow Molding with AMS 798 Example 45 - Multi-Domain 805 Example 46 - TNT Cylinder Expansion Test 814 Example 47 - Concrete Validation 834 Example 48 - Solid Spotweld 854 Example 49 - Bird Strike on Windshield 862 Example 50 - INIVOL and Fluid Structure Interaction (Drop Container) 871 Example 51 - Optimization in RADIOSS for B-Pillar (Thickness optimization) 877 Example 52 - Creep and Stress Relaxation 885 Example 53 - Thermal Analysis 891 ii RADIOSS 14.0 Tutorials and Examples Proprietary Information of Altair Engineering Altair Engineering Tutorials and Examples Tutorials File Location Most tutorials use files that are located in the tutorials/ directory of the software installation In the tutorials, file paths are referenced as / / In order to locate the files needed, you will need to determine the path of the installation directory This path is dependent on the installation that was performed at your site To determine what this path is, follow these instructions: Launch the application From the Help menu, select Updates The HyperWorks Update Information dialog opens The installation directory path appears after Altair Home: The RADIOSS tutorial model files are located in /tutorials/hwsolvers/radioss Altair Engineering RADIOSS 14.0 Tutorials and Examples Proprietary Information of Altair Engineering RD-0010: Running RADIOSS from HyperMesh This tutorial demonstrates how to launch a RADIOSS job from within HyperMesh A HyperMesh database containing a fully defined RADIOSS finite element model is retrieved and a RADIOSS job is launched from the RADIOSS panel in HyperMesh Exercise Step 1: Load the User Profile Launch HyperMesh The User Profiles dialog appears upon start-up by default If the User Profiles dialog is not visible, select Preferences from the toolbar and choose User Profiles Under Application:, select RADIOSS Click OK This loads the appropriate User Profile It includes the appropriate template, macro menu, and import reader It simplifies the menu systems to give access to only the functionality of HyperMesh that is necessary Step 2: Retrieve the HyperMesh database From the File menu on the toolbar, select Open An Open file browser window opens Select the Radioss_Sample_Run.hm file, located in the HyperWorks installation directory under /tutorials/hwsolvers/radioss/ Click Open The Radioss_Sample_Run.hm database is loaded into the current HyperMesh session, replacing any existing data Step 3: Launch the RADIOSS job From the Analysis page, select the RADIOSS panel Click save as A Save file browser window opens Select the directory where you would like to write the model file and enter the file name, Radioss_Sample_Run.rad, in the File name: field The rad file name extension is the suggested extension for RADIOSS input decks Click Save The name and location of the Radioss_Sample_Run.rad file now displays in the input file: field Set the memory toggle, located in the center of the panel, to memory default Set the run options toggle, located on the left side of the panel, to analysis Set the export options: toggle, underneath the run options switch, to all Click RADIOSS This exports the input file and launches the job If the job is successful, new results files can be seen in the directory where the model file was written The Radioss_Sample_Run.out file is a good place to look for error messages that will help to debug the input deck if any errors are present RADIOSS 14.0 Tutorials and Examples Proprietary Information of Altair Engineering Altair Engineering The default files written to your directory are: Radioss_Sample_Run.html HTML report of the analysis, giving a summary of the problem formulation and the analysis results Radioss_Sample_Run.out ASCII output file containing specific information on the file set up, the setup of your optimization problem, estimate for the amount of RAM and disk space required for the run, information for each optimization iteration, and compute time information Review this file for warnings and errors Radioss_Sample_Run.res HyperMesh binary results file Radioss_Sample_Run.stat Summary of analysis process, providing CPU information for each step during analysis process Radioss_Sample_Run.h3d HyperView binary result file Step 4: Post-process the RADIOSS job While still in HyperMesh, you can launch HyperView after the job has finished from the RADIOSS panel by clicking HyperView HyperView will open and automatically load the H3D file from the RADIOSS job for post-processing Altair Engineering RADIOSS 14.0 Tutorials and Examples Proprietary Information of Altair Engineering RD-0020: Running RADIOSS at the Command Line The tutorial Running RADIOSS from HyperMesh demonstrates how RADIOSS could be launched from within HyperMesh RADIOSS also can be run at the command line (UNIX or MSDOS) This tutorial assumes you already have the running file, Radioss_Sample_Run.rad, in either your UNIX or MSDOS directory This tutorial also assumes you know the location of the solver script In this tutorial, $HWSDIR describes the directory containing the RADIOSS executable On UNIX machines, the script is normally located in the HyperWorks installation directory under /scripts/ On Windows, it is normally located in the HyperWorks installation directory under /hwsolvers/scripts/ Running RADIOSS from the Command Line (UNIX or MSDOS) To run RADIOSS from the command prompt, enter: $HWSDIR/ Radioss_Sample_Run.rad To check the current version of RADIOSS at the command prompt, enter: $HWSDIR/ -version To execute a check run to validate your input deck and determine how much RAM and disk space is necessary for the run, at the command prompt, enter: $HWSDIR/ Radioss_Sample_Run.rad -check Information regarding memory requirements is written to the file Radioss_Sample_Run.out Refer to the Running RADIOSS section of the RADIOSS User's Guide for more detailed information RADIOSS 14.0 Tutorials and Examples Proprietary Information of Altair Engineering Altair Engineering Large Displacement Finite Element Analysis The HyperCrash and HyperMesh tutorials are available for RADIOSS HyperCrash - RD-3000: Tensile Test Setup using HyperCrash This tutorial demonstrates how to simulate a uniaxial tensile test using a quarter size mesh with symmetric boundary conditions The model is reduced to one-quarter of the total mesh with symmetric boundary conditions to simulate the presence of the rest of the part Model Description • UNITS: Length (mm), Time (ms), Mass (kg), Force (kN) and Stress (GPa) • Simulation time Rootname_0001.rad [0 – 10.] • Boundary Conditions: o The upper right nodes (TX, RY, and RZ) o A symmetry boundary condition on all bottom nodes (TY, RX, and RZ) • At the left side is applied a constant velocity = mm/ms on -X direction • Tensile test object dimensions = 11 x 100 with a uniform thickness = 1.7 mm Johnson-Cook Elastic Plastic Material /MAT/PLAS_JOHNS (Aluminum 6063 T7) [Rho_I] Initial density = 2.7e-6 Kg/mm3 [E] Young’s modulus = 60.4 GPa [nu] Poisson’s ratio = 0.33 [a] Yield stress = 0.09026 GPa [b] Hardening parameter = 0.22313 GPa [n] Hardening exponent = 0.374618 [EPS_max] Failure plastic strain = 0.75 [SIG_max] Maximum stress = 0.175 GPa Input file for this tutorial: TENSILE_0000.rad Altair Engineering RADIOSS 14.0 Tutorials and Examples Proprietary Information of Altair Engineering Fig 11: Optimized results of total mass of two reinforcement parts In the last iteration, the mass was reduced to 2.4806e-3[Ton] This new design still meets the constraint (< 19.7[mm]), defined in /DCONSTR In node 2021524, the max y-displacement: 19.67[mm] (last iteration) < 19.7 [mm] (in constraint) Meets the constraint Fig 12: y-displacement on node 2021524 in original model and optimized model 884 RADIOSS 14.0 Tutorials and Examples Proprietary Information of Altair Engineering Altair Engineering Example 52 - Creep and Stress Relaxation Summary The aim of this example is to introduce how to use typical visco-elastic material to simulate creep and stress relaxation tests Stress relaxation is the phenomena of how polymers relieve stress under constant strain, and creep is the phenomena of how polymers or metal move slowly or deform permanently under constant stresses This simulates the creep and relaxation processes over a short period of time in quasi-static Title Creep and Stress Relaxation Number 52 Brief Description Use visco-elastic material law /MAT/LAW40 to simulate the creep and stress relaxation Keywords • /MAT/LAW40 RADIOSS Options • Boundary condition (/BCS) • Rigid body (/RBODY) • Concentrated force load (/CLOAD) • Imposed displacement (/IMPDISP) Input file Creep and Stress Relaxation: /demos/hwsolvers/radioss/52_creep_and_stress_relaxation/* Technical / Theoretical Level Advanced Altair Engineering RADIOSS 14.0 Tutorials and Examples Proprietary Information of Altair Engineering 885 Overview Physical Problem Description A foam sample with dimension: Radius 10 mm and high 15 mm • For stress relaxation test: The foam sample has been compressed until a given strain and kept in this state • For creep test: The foam sample has been tensile under constant force Fig 1: Problem description Units: mm, s, Mg, N, MPa To describe the phenomenon stress relaxation and creep, use viscous material law /MAT/LAW40 with the following characteristics of foam: • Initial density = 2e-9 [Mg/mm3] • Bulk modulus = 66.67 [MPa] • Long time shear modulus Ginf = 10 [MPa] • Shear modulus G1 = 90 [MPa] • Decay constant 886 = 0.01 [1/ms], = 0.05 [1/ms] and = [1/ms] for compare RADIOSS 14.0 Tutorials and Examples Proprietary Information of Altair Engineering Altair Engineering Analysis, Assumptions and Modeling Description Modeling methodology Fig 2: Stress relaxation test under constant displacement and creep test under constant force For stress relaxation test: The foam sample has been compressed under constant displacement (/IMPDISP) For creep test: The foam sample has been tensile under constant force (/CLOAD) Simulation Results and Conclusions The stress relaxation test shows stress relieve under constant displacement with different relaxation parameters (Decay constant, defined as the inverse of relaxation time ) and shows a different stress relive tendency Altair Engineering RADIOSS 14.0 Tutorials and Examples Proprietary Information of Altair Engineering 887 Fig 3: Stress relieved with different Decay constant β in stress relaxation test under constant displacement The creep test shows deformation increased under constant force and with different relaxation parameter it shows a different deformation increase tendency 888 RADIOSS 14.0 Tutorials and Examples Proprietary Information of Altair Engineering Altair Engineering Fig 4: Sample deformed with Decay constant β in creep test under constant force In LAW40 shear modulus is reduced with time and tends to G∞ after an infinite period of time The softening speed is determined by relaxation parameter Higher relaxation parameter means quick softening G ( t ) = G ∞ + ∑G ie −βi t with Altair Engineering RADIOSS 14.0 Tutorials and Examples Proprietary Information of Altair Engineering 889 The general case of viscous materials represents time-dependent in elastic behavior Creep is time-depended deformation and stress relaxation is a time-depended decrease in stress Viscous material can describe these two phenomenons In RADIOSS, the following material laws describe viscous: Visco-elastic law • /MAT/LAW34: visco-elastic generalized Maxwell model, Boltzmann (solids) • /MAT/LAW35: visco-elastic generalized Maxwell-Kelvin-Voigt (shells + solids) • /MAT/LAW38: visco-elastic tabulated (solids) • /MAT/LAW40: visco-elastic generalized Maxwell-Kelvin (solids) • /MAT/LAW42: Ogden/Mooney-Rivlin with Prony viscosity (Hyperelastic materials) • /MAT/LAW62: Ogden (Hyperelastic materials) • /MAT/LAW70: visco-elastic tabulated (solids) • /MAT/LAW77: visco-elastic tabulated with porosity and air flow Visco-elastic plastic law • /MAT/LAW33: visco-elastic plastic (solids) and user-defined yield function • /MAT/LAW52: Gurson, visco-elasto-plastic porous metals, and strain rate dependent • /MAT/LAW66: semi-analytical plastic model Yield surface built from curves in tension, compression and shear + /VISC/PRONY The creep compliance and the relaxation modulus are often modeled by combinations of springs and dashpots The two typical simple schematic model of visco-elastic material are Maxwell model and Kelvin-Voigt model The Maxwell model represents the material relaxation, but it is only accurate for secondary creep (creep with slow decrease in creep strain rate) as the viscous strains after unloading are not taken into account The plasticity can be introduced in the models by using a plastic spring Base on the Maxwell and Kelvin-Voigt models adding other springs could get a generalized model The Maxwell and Kelvin-Voigt models are appropriate for ideal stress relaxation and creep behaviors Although, they are not adequate for most of physical materials A generalization of these laws, like LAW34, LAW35 and LAW40 are a better choice, which can describe deviatory behavior of material Maxwell model 890 Kelvin-Voigt model RADIOSS 14.0 Tutorials and Examples Proprietary Information of Altair Engineering Altair Engineering Example 53 - Thermal Analysis Summary Thermal analysis, like heat exchange (between two contact surfaces, between heat object and surrounding atmosphere though convection or radiation, inside the object through conduction), deformation is due to thermal expansion or heat generated, due to friction, can be simulated in RADIOSS In this example heat exchange is discussed between a moving heat source and one plate, due to contact and also between plate and atmosphere (water) through convective flux Altair Engineering RADIOSS 14.0 Tutorials and Examples Proprietary Information of Altair Engineering 891 Title Thermal Analysis – Heat Exchange Number 53.1 Brief Description A heat source moved on one plate Heat exchanged between a heat source and a plate through contact, also between a plate and the atmosphere (water) through convective flux Keywords • /HEAT/MAT • /CONVEC • /IMPTEMP • /INTER/TYPE7 • /MAT/LAW2 RADIOSS Options • Boundary conditions (/BCS) • Imposed displacement (/IMPDISP) Input File /demos/hwsolvers/radioss/53_thermal_analysis/Heat_exchange/* Technical / Theoretical Level Advanced 892 RADIOSS 14.0 Tutorials and Examples Proprietary Information of Altair Engineering Altair Engineering Overview Physical Problem Description A heat source with a constant temperature of 800K is moved under imposed displacement on one plate with an initial temperature of 298K The dimension of the heat source is 5mm x 5mm and the plate is 100mm x 100mm Fig 1: Problem description Units: mm, ms, g, N, and MPa /MAT/LAW2 and /HEAT/MAT are used to describe the aluminum heat source and plate, with the following characteristics:  g   mm3  -3 • Initial density: 2.8 x 10 • Young modulus: 70000 [MPa] • Poisson ratio: 0.33 • Yield stress: 206 [MPa] • Hardening parameter: 450 [MPa] • Hardening exponent: 0.5 Altair Engineering RADIOSS 14.0 Tutorials and Examples Proprietary Information of Altair Engineering 893 • Room temperature: 298 [K] ρC p  N ⋅ mm   mm3 ⋅ K  : 2.51  • Specific heat • Initial temperature for heat source: 800 [K] and for plate: 398 [K] •  N ⋅ mm    Thermal conductivity coefficient AS: 0.23  ms ⋅ mm ⋅ K  Analysis, Assumptions and Modeling Description Modeling Methodology /HEAT/MAT is an additional material law card used to describe the material thermal character So the material ID in the material law in /MAT and in /HEAT/MAT must be the same The thermal parameter defined in /HEAT/MAT will recover the same parameters which are defined in the material law Heat capacity provides heat and mass the ability to change the temperature In engineering and science, it is recommended to use specific heat capacity, which is heat capacity divided by mass,  J   J   N ⋅ mm  C p = 897  = 897   kg ⋅ K      in SI unit Heat capacity is  kg ⋅ K   g ⋅ K  for aluminum Refer to Material Constants in the Theory Manual Appendices for more information on heat capacity of ordinary material  N ⋅ mm  0.23   ms ⋅ mm ⋅ K  Thermal conductivity For the thermal conductivity coefficient AS,  W   N ⋅ mm  k = 230  = 0.23    m⋅K   ms ⋅ mm ⋅ K  for aluminum, and constant thermal conductivity Set BS=0 Since thermal conductivity k=AS+BS*T, then k=AS, in this case With /IMPTEMP, imposed temperature will be set on a group of nodes The source constant temperature is defined for heat source Use /CONVEC to describe the heat exchange between a structural component and its surrounding atmosphere (infinite room) 894 RADIOSS 14.0 Tutorials and Examples Proprietary Information of Altair Engineering Altair Engineering The surrounding atmosphere is water with a constant temperature of 298K, which is described in function, fct_IDT (Figure 3) Fig 3: Temperature in water Where, H is the heat transfer coefficient between structural component and its surrounding J    s ⋅ m ⋅ K  In general, the convective heat transfer coefficient for water infinite room with unit J    s ⋅ m ⋅ K  (free convection) is about 20 - 100 and water (forced convection) is about 50 J   J    N ⋅ mm  H = 500  = 5e −  2  s ⋅ m ⋅ K   s⋅ m ⋅K  s ⋅ mm ⋅ K  10000 Forced convection in water is In /INTER/TYPE7, heat exchange between the heat source and plate during the contact, is defined Ithe=1 to activated heat transfer between master and slave Ithe_form set to for heat exchange between all pieces in contact Altair Engineering RADIOSS 14.0 Tutorials and Examples Proprietary Information of Altair Engineering 895 There are two ways to define heat exchange between contact parts Define constant heat exchange coefficient using Kthe =  W    (  m ⋅ K  in SI unit) In this case, fct_IDK If fct_IDK ≠ 0, the heat exchange coefficient is the function of contact pressure using this curve and Kthe is the scale factor K = K the ⋅ fct_ IDK (Ascale K , P) Interfacial heat transfer coefficient, K described conductive heat flux through a unit area of a plate with particular thickness The range of this heat transfer coefficient can be very large, which will affect the accuracy of simulation To get a more accurate result, experimental test are required  W   N ⋅ mm  K the = 15000   = 0.0.15  m ⋅K  ms ⋅ mm ⋅ K  Set Fheats and Fheatm to zero, to not consider heat friction 896 RADIOSS 14.0 Tutorials and Examples Proprietary Information of Altair Engineering Altair Engineering Simulation Results and Conclusions The following figure shows nodal temperature at time 10[ms], 20[ms] and 30[ms] Part of heat transferred to plate through contact Therefore, the temperature under the trace increased The temperature on the plate decreased during the time, due to the convection with water Fig 4: Nodal temperature in plate at time=10[ms], 20[ms] and 30[ms] Altair Engineering RADIOSS 14.0 Tutorials and Examples Proprietary Information of Altair Engineering 897 Below the nodal temperature on Nodal N641, N1034, N958 and N1708 are illustrated Nodal N641 is not under trace The temperature changed, only due to convection with water Nodal N1034, N958 and N1708 are under trace At first the temperature decreased before the heat source began, due to convection with water, and then increased, due to the heat exchange from the heat source through contact Once the heat source is removed, the temperature decreased again, due to the heat conduction inside the material and convection with water So the slope of the temperature decrease is much larger than N641 (only convection) Fig 5: Temperature on Nodal N641, N1034, N958 and N1708 898 RADIOSS 14.0 Tutorials and Examples Proprietary Information of Altair Engineering Altair Engineering ... Engineering RADIOSS 14.0 Tutorials and Examples Proprietary Information of Altair Engineering 19 Enter the first point (0, 13. 3) and click Validate Enter the second point (1e30, 13. 3) and click... RADIOSS 14.0 Tutorials and Examples Tutorials and Examples Tutorials RD-0010: Running RADIOSS from HyperMesh RD-0020: Running RADIOSS at the Command... saving after every step: Altair Engineering RADIOSS 14.0 Tutorials and Examples Proprietary Information of Altair Engineering 10 RADIOSS 14.0 Tutorials and Examples Proprietary Information of Altair