- CHUYÊN NGÀNH: TÀI CHÍNH - NGÂN HÀNG - Tôi xin cam Các NHTM khác 07 tháng 08 CÁC C CÁC 1: CÁC 1.1 1.1.1 Khái 1.1.2.1 Nguyên nhân khách quan 1.1.2.2 10 1.2 12 1.2.1 12 1.2.2 19 21 2: NHTM 22 2.1 NHTM 22 NHTM 22 2.1.2 2.2 CÁC 27 NGÂN HÀNG 33 2.2.1 33 2.2.2 33 2.2.3 34 2.2.4 36 2.2 38 2.2.6 38 2.2.6.1 2.2 2.2.6.3 2.2.7 38 39 39 39 2.2 40 2.2 41 2.2 43 2.2.7.4 2.2 2.2.8 45 45 46 2.2.9 48 2.2 49 2.2 50 2.2 51 53 NHTM A 54 54 3.2 , NHNN 56 3.3 59 60 K 61 BCBS giám sát ngân hàng SBV State Bank of Vietnam: n DN FEM Fix Effect Model: m GDP Gross Domestic Product: t GMM Generalized Method of Moments: GMM IAS IFRS International Financial Reportin IMF NHTM NHNN LLR NPL Non- TCTD TL Total Loans: t REM Radom Effect Model: m RIR ROA UN Unemployment: t VAMC Vietnam Asset Management C VIF Variance inflation factor: n Represents loan growth: t CÁC ng 1.1 hàng 15 1.2 hàng 18 19 ng 2.1 v trung bình ng 2.2 2.3 m 22 30 31 32 2.5 35 ng 2.6 36 ng 2.7 37 2.8 40 2.9 41 ng 2.10 FEM REM 42 2.11 44 2.12 47 ng 2.13 48 ng 2.14 52 DANH Hình 2.1 -2013 23 26 Hình 2.3 29 Hình 2.4 c 31 Hình 2.5 32 Hình 2.6 - 49 1 tài n cho NHTM, nhiên nguyên nhân NHTM -Kunt, 1989; Barr and Siems, 1994) N ngân hàng , K kèm theo NHTM bên c ng cao, có (Ahlem Selma Messai Fathi Jouini, 2013) and Saurina 2002; Fofack, 2005; Jimenez and Saurina, 2006; Khemraj and Pasha, 2009; Dash and Kabra, 2010) h h ng n 2005 2012 : (FEM: Fix Effect Model) mô h nhiên (REM: Radom Effect Model) Trong th i gian v a qua, ho tr i qua nhi ng c a h th ng NHTM Vi c S kh ng ho ng kinh t toàn c nhi u h l y gây khơng nh ng h u qu nghiêm tr ng V h n ch vi x u x lý n x u N x u không ch làm t c ngh n dịng tín d ng n n kinh t mà cịn u qu ho nóng b ng hi n ng khơng nh n uy tín, ch ng kinh doanh c a NHTM Do v y, x lý n x quan tr ng trình tái c u trúc h th ng ngân hàng ng 57 + u cao , giám sát ngân hàng có + 58 NHTM chéo (1) (2) + (1) (2) h rõ ngân hàng (3) 59 3.3 ngành, doanh 60 K T LU ngân hàng tr i, n , t n t Nam y 61 : 1) 2) âm (-) tín d 5-2013 u NHTM ngân hàng i Báo cáo 157/BC-2015 06/CT- http://www.sbv.gov.vn http://www.vietstock.vn Http://www.kpmg.com/vn/vi/pages/default.aspx - - 11/NQ-CP, ngày 24/02/2011 ng vào m 10 11 kinh doanh 12 - 13 - ii 14 15 - kinh doanh Arabian Journal of Business and Management Review, 1(2), 20-30 Ahlem Selma, Messai Fathi Jou Non- Micro and macro determinants of International Journal of Economics and Financial Issues, Vol 3, No.4, 2013, pp 852-860 Ahmad,A.S.,Takeda,C.,Thomas,S.(1999), Bank loan loss provision: Areexamination of capita management, earnings management and signaling effects Journal of Accounting and Economics, 28(1), 1-25 Baboucek and Jancar (2005), shocks to the quality of the aggregate Loan portfolio of the Czech banking sector Czech national bank Working Paper series 1/2005 Bercoff, J.J., Giovanni, J.D., Grimard, F (2002), Argentinean Banks, Credit Growth and the Tequila Crisis: A Duration Analysis Working Paper (Unpublished) Berger, A.N., DeYoung, R (1997), Problem loans and cost efficiency in commercial banks Journal of Banking and Finance , 21(6), 849 870 Bofond Macroeconomic determinants of bad loans: evidence from Italian banks Occasional Papers, 89 iii Boudriga A., Taktak N B., Jellouli S (2009), Institutional Environment Determinants of Nonperforming Loans: Evidence from MENA Countries Microeconomic determinants of the credit rist in the banking Economic Modelling, vol.31, No.0, pp 672-683 10 Dash, M., Kabra, G (2010), The determinants of non-performing assets in Indian commercial bank: An econometric study Middle Eastern Finance and Economics , 7, 94-106 11 Espino Systems Nonperforming Loans in the GCC Banking and their Macroeconomic Effects , IMF Working Paper 10/224 (Washington:International Monetary Fund) 12 Fofack, H ( Non-performing loans in sub-Saharan Africa: Causal Analysis and Macroeconomic Implications World Bank Policy Research Working Paper n° 3769 13 Garcia-Marco, T., Robles-Fernandez, M D (2008), Risk-taking Behaviour and Ownership in the Banking Industry: The Spanish Evidence Journal of Economics and Business, 60(4), 332-354 14 Godlewski, C.(2004), Capital Regulation and Credit Risk Taking: Empirical Evidence from Banks in Emerging Market Economies Finance 0409030, EconWPA 15 Hasan, I., Wall, L.D (2004), Determinants of the loan loss allowance: some cross-country comparison The Financial Review, 39(1), 129-152 16 perfroming Loans: evidence from Nigeria 17 Jimene Credit cycles, credit risk, and prudential regulation International Journal of Central Banking, 2(2), 65-98 iv 18 External deficits and non performing Loans in the recent Ecomnomics letter, 115 (2012) 19 Keeton, W.R (1999), Does Faster Loan Growth Lead to Higher Loan Losses? Federal ReserveBank of Kansas City, Economic Review, 84(2), 57-75 20 Khemraj, T., Pasha, S (2009), The determinants of non-performing loans: An econometric case study of Guyana The Caribbean Centre for Banking and Finance Bi-annual Conference on Banking and Finance, St Augustine, Trinidad 21 Louzis, D.P., Vouldis, A.T., Metaxas, V.L (2010), Macroeconomic and bank specific determinants of non performing loans in Greece: a comparative study ofmortgage, business and consumer loan portfolios Bank of Greece, Working Paper, n°118 22 Nkusu, M (2011), Nonperforming Loans and Macrofinancial Vulnerabilities in Advanced Economies , IMF Working Paper WP/11/161 23 Bad luck or bad management? Emerging banking Journal of Financial Stability 24 Non-performing loans and terms of credit of public Reserve Bank of India Occasional Paper 24 25 Salas, V., Saurina, J.(2002), Credit risk in two institutional regimes: Spanish commercial and savings banks Journal of Financial Services Research, 22(3), 203224 26 Shu, C., 2002 ''The Impact of macroeconomic environment on the asset quality '' Hong Kong Monetary Authority Research Memorandums v Danh sách 17 ngân hàng STT Mã NH ACB ABB BIDV CTG DAB EIB KIENB MSB MBB 10 Namabank 11 NVB 12 SEAB 13 PNB 14 STB 15 Techcombank 16 VCB 17 VPB Tên ngân hàng NHTMÁ Châu vii MA NH YEAR NPL/TL ACB 2005 0.29781 1.22 0.221979025 40.0553144 7.5364106 2.1 1.66758235 ACB 2006 0.19708 1.51 0.330349217 81.36106346 7.5472477 2.3 2.40151726 ACB 2007 0.08351 1.47 0.422927933 86.96410968 6.9779548 2.3 1.41363787 ACB 2008 0.88628 2.71 0.656345905 9.499407702 7.1295045 2.4 -5.6163353 ACB 2009 0.40842 2.32 0.805019688 79.02137359 5.6617712 2.3 3.62793869 ACB 2010 0.33581 1.61 0.82194637 39.82991078 5.3978975 2.3 0.94659686 ACB 2011 0.89288 1.25 0.959482636 17.90702701 6.4232382 2.0 -3.5517439 ACB 2012 2.50058 1.32 1.460958246 0.005536472 6.2403027 2.0 2.29492896 ACB 2013 3.02535 0.34 1.444148425 4.255390233 5.2473672 2.2 5.36432982 ABB 2005 4.33932 1.51 0.236220472 35.46666667 7.5364106 2.1 1.66758235 ABB 2006 2.70282 1.21 1.275941040 178.2800197 7.5472477 2.3 2.40151726 ABB 2007 1.50192 3.07 0.841056601 508.1838841 6.9779548 2.3 1.41363787 ABB 2008 4.18000 1.59 1.242227381 -4.93090132 7.1295045 2.4 -5.6163353 ABB 2009 1.45000 0.32 1.105801601 97.01791411 5.6617712 2.3 3.62793869 ABB 2010 1.16000 2.06 1.063410344 54.28826849 5.3978975 2.3 0.94659686 ABB 2011 2.79000 1.54 1.596018097 0.194205344 6.4232382 2.0 -3.5517439 ABB 2012 2.13035 0.77 2.202880871 -5.72279854 6.2403027 2.0 2.29492896 ABB 2013 0.77 0.0276347 25.9428678 5.2473672 2.2 5.36432982 BIDV 2005 6.72322 0.64 3.181187863 17.95412064 7.5364106 2.1 1.66758235 BIDV 2006 3.15036 0.50 1.456890642 15.45567793 7.5472477 2.3 2.40151726 BIDV 2007 3.60379 0.44 2.200428699 33.80485484 6.9779548 2.3 1.41363787 BIDV 2008 2.59849 0.89 2.554609656 21.9716511 7.1295045 2.4 -5.6163353 BIDV 2009 2.69794 0.80 2.617453517 28.21386322 5.6617712 2.3 3.62793869 BIDV 2010 2.24023 0.94 2.082323932 23.15369439 5.3978975 2.3 0.94659686 BIDV 2011 2.76341 1.13 1.992766344 15.63605914 6.4232382 2.0 -3.5517439 BIDV 2012 2.69501 0.83 1.739957101 15.64502911 6.2403027 2.0 2.29492896 BIDV 2013 2.26051 0.53 1.571525362 15.03613541 5.2473672 2.2 5.36432982 CTG 2005 0.40545 0.24 1.966986549 18.27655761 7.5364106 2.1 1.66758235 CTG 2006 1.40767 0.41 2.059998652 5.62248416 7.5472477 2.3 2.40151726 CTG 2007 1.02000 0.48 1.671784226 27.49552621 6.9779548 2.3 1.41363787 CTG 2008 1.81143 0.76 1.78083568 18.16353533 7.1295045 2.4 -5.6163353 CTG 2009 0.61335 1.00 0.950606355 35.12851659 5.6617712 2.3 3.62793869 CTG 2010 0.65692 0.58 1.182683657 43.53380699 5.3978975 2.3 0.94659686 CTG 2011 0.75116 1.11 1.034814906 25.28961863 6.4232382 2.0 -3.5517439 CTG 2012 1.43990 1.51 1.101900967 13.60501426 6.2403027 2.0 2.29492896 CTG 2013 1.00197 1.28 0.877045643 12.87898347 5.2473672 2.2 5.36432982 6.51247 ROAit-1 LLR/TL GDPt-1 Unt RIRt viii DAB 2005 1.69000 1.28 0.206038609 30.63456764 7.5364106 2.1 1.66758235 DAB 2006 0.76874 1.35 0.171170286 33.98574978 7.5472477 2.3 2.40151726 DAB 2007 0.44448 1.48 0.357218176 123.6200218 6.9779548 2.3 1.41363787 DAB 2008 2.54579 1.68 1.043838658 43.19420136 7.1295045 2.4 -5.6163353 DAB 2009 1.33083 1.73 1.003427569 34.35453941 5.6617712 2.3 3.62793869 DAB 2010 1.59906 1.52 1.165219547 11.54195957 5.3978975 2.3 0.94659686 DAB 2011 1.68627 1.34 1.504494754 14.82804125 6.4232382 2.0 -3.5517439 DAB 2012 3.94793 1.56 1.764835166 15.10571147 6.2403027 2.0 2.29492896 DAB 2013 3.99282 0.86 1.688758009 4.736283016 5.2473672 2.2 5.36432982 EIB 2005 1.11570 0.12 0.084966086 28.23382445 7.5364106 2.1 1.66758235 EIB 2006 0.84529 0.21 0.415551788 58.66852268 7.5472477 2.3 2.40151726 EIB 2007 0.87503 1.74 0.398549741 80.77243433 6.9779548 2.3 1.41363787 EIB 2008 3.77172 1.78 1.772265877 15.06624892 7.1295045 2.4 -5.6163353 EIB 2009 1.83419 1.74 0.986843914 80.77193421 5.6617712 2.3 3.62793869 EIB 2010 1.42036 1.99 1.007442148 62.43538516 5.3978975 2.3 0.94659686 EIB 2011 1.61120 1.85 0.828803109 19.75695715 6.4232382 2.0 -3.5517439 EIB 2012 1.31820 1.93 0.809287874 0.346835589 6.2403027 2.0 2.29492896 EIB 2013 1.98215 1.21 0.852935697 11.25425172 5.2473672 2.2 5.36432982 KIENB 2005 2.32000 2.15 1.101960784 52.16752658 7.5364106 2.1 1.66758235 KIENB 2006 1.92000 2.71 0.930040988 81.63619910 7.5472477 2.3 2.40151726 KIENB 2007 1.27000 3.02 0.542781093 124.4956188 6.9779548 2.3 1.41363787 KIENB 2008 1.66000 3.56 0.528428602 62.41094824 7.1295045 2.4 -5.6163353 KIENB 2009 1.20000 1.45 0.594968342 122.0291549 5.6617712 2.3 3.62793869 KIENB 2010 1.10000 1.76 0.88078139 43.78116424 5.3978975 2.3 0.94659686 KIENB 2011 2.77000 1.94 1.127982202 19.91057634 6.4232382 2.0 -3.5517439 KIENB 2012 2.93000 2.59 1.465114235 15.22659360 6.2403027 2.0 2.29492896 KIENB 2013 2.47000 1.93 1.031485262 25.25074413 5.2473672 2.2 5.36432982 MARB 2005 0.98000 0.24 0.687860922 72.80981830 7.5364106 2.1 1.66758235 MARB 2006 3.76000 0.74 1.268675579 23.80853580 7.5472477 2.3 2.40151726 MARB 2007 2.08000 1.23 0.528181636 126.0240363 6.9779548 2.3 1.41363787 MARB 2008 1.49000 1.33 0.763780576 71.72167084 7.1295045 2.4 -5.6163353 MARB 2009 0.62000 1.26 0.725212738 112.9537785 5.6617712 2.3 3.62793869 MARB 2010 1.87000 1.60 0.967654727 33.33632294 5.3978975 2.3 0.94659686 MARB 2011 2.65000 1.29 0.965500991 18.60977234 6.4232382 2.0 -3.5517439 MARB 2012 2.65000 0.69 2.593323643 -23.3341012 6.2403027 2.0 2.29492896 MARB 2013 2.71000 0.20 2.675281784 -5.30096951 5.2473672 2.2 5.36432982 MBB 2005 1.68000 1.43 1.913439233 23.57714232 7.5364106 2.1 1.66758235 MBB 2006 2.82288 1.48 2.760195721 37.33431866 7.5472477 2.3 2.40151726 MBB 2007 1.01268 2.01 1.238596952 96.62474742 6.9779548 2.3 1.41363787 ix MBB 2008 1.83005 2.27 1.568680543 35.54638829 7.1295045 2.4 -5.6163353 MBB 2009 1.58085 1.90 1.511365728 87.97420731 5.6617712 2.3 3.62793869 MBB 2010 1.25659 1.93 1.513091479 64.92052286 5.3978975 2.3 0.94659686 MBB 2011 1.41822 1.92 1.850356535 21.00198114 6.4232382 2.0 -3.5517439 MBB 2012 1.84166 1.71 1.762575605 26.13899501 6.2403027 2.0 2.29492896 MBB 2013 2.44587 1.47 2.017425566 17.80962238 5.2473672 2.2 5.36432982 NAB 2005 0.23000 2.05 0.13893015 57.33536423 7.5364106 2.1 1.66758235 NAB 2006 1.62160 1.51 0.31960288 63.9568748 7.5472477 2.3 2.40151726 NAB 2007 1.64372 1.41 0.318783708 31.80175635 6.9779548 2.3 1.41363787 NAB 2008 2.56000 1.65 0.527835509 38.94319291 7.1295045 2.4 -5.6163353 NAB 2009 1.71000 0.17 0.512495507 33.69029081 5.6617712 2.3 3.62793869 NAB 2010 2.18000 0.67 1.025421568 5.768890878 5.3978975 2.3 0.94659686 NAB 2011 2.84000 1.09 0.843514653 17.78662918 6.4232382 2.0 -3.5517439 NAB 2012 2.71000 1.44 1.111720199 0.278102517 6.2403027 2.0 2.29492896 NAB 2013 2.16400 0.6 0.66091462 84.7495436 5.2473672 2.2 5.36432982 NVB 2005 0.67000 1.67 0.548811171 552.9281671 7.5364106 2.1 1.66758235 NVB 2006 1.04190 2.13 0.217075271 457.0747893 7.5472477 2.3 2.40151726 NVB 2007 0.16276 3.28 0.139683177 1131.724605 6.9779548 2.3 1.41363787 NVB 2008 2.90568 1.36 0.400799407 25.46411712 7.1295045 2.4 -5.6163353 NVB 2009 2.45227 0.55 0.957909283 81.92528384 5.6617712 2.3 3.62793869 NVB 2010 2.23936 0.96 1.185328083 8.102207246 5.3978975 2.3 0.94659686 NVB 2011 2.91633 0.81 1.232233206 19.95185089 6.4232382 2.0 -3.5517439 NVB 2012 5.63966 0.78 1.695947936 -0.2247597 6.2403027 2.0 2.29492896 NVB 2013 6.06729 0.01 1.551866031 4.576678485 5.2473672 2.2 5.36432982 SEAB 2005 0.42000 0.35 0.163569126 153.2755942 7.5364106 2.1 1.66758235 SEAB 2006 0.23000 0.95 0.269101045 149.1354098 7.5472477 2.3 2.40151726 SEAB 2007 0.24000 1.21 0.419116342 228.3058617 6.9779548 2.3 1.41363787 SEAB 2008 2.14000 1.64 1.040318351 -31.2943463 7.1295045 2.4 -5.6163353 SEAB 2009 1.88000 1.32 1.672996811 26.89281664 5.6617712 2.3 3.62793869 SEAB 2010 2.14000 1.73 1.575756991 113.0935601 5.3978975 2.3 0.94659686 SEAB 2011 2.75000 1.47 1.67027153 -4.24681968 6.4232382 2.0 -3.5517439 SEAB 2012 2.98000 0.16 2.781643501 -15.0023028 6.2403027 2.0 2.29492896 SEAB 2013 2.84000 0.06 2.416762946 25.36372124 5.2473672 2.2 5.36432982 PNB 2005 0.55000 1.65 0.231002176 5.576268108 7.5364106 2.1 1.66758235 PNB 2006 3.12065 1.44 0.461630106 -2.27847576 7.5472477 2.3 2.40151726 PNB 2007 4.11206 1.62 0.781070585 25.9133196 6.9779548 2.3 1.41363787 PNB 2008 2.30934 1.11 0.636123047 62.40434094 7.1295045 2.4 -5.6163353 PNB 2009 2.33304 0.62 0.996942655 107.4021305 5.6617712 2.3 3.62793869 PNB 2010 1.84459 0.88 0.903700531 58.02919085 5.3978975 2.3 0.94659686 x PNB 2011 2.04017 0.88 1.363498116 13.02058535 6.4232382 2.0 -3.5517439 PNB 2012 3.01958 0.35 2.083223613 23.47314754 6.2403027 2.0 2.29492896 PNB 2013 3.01000 0.17 2.682665738 -2.69447993 5.2473672 2.2 5.36432982 STB 2005 0.55193 1.71 0.544827339 40.73936107 7.5364106 2.1 1.66758235 STB 2006 0.72323 1.92 0.565626161 70.84755351 7.5472477 2.3 2.40151726 STB 2007 0.23011 2.23 0.501928493 145.7786419 6.9779548 2.3 1.41363787 STB 2008 0.59530 3.98 0.719109165 -1.0437969 7.1295045 2.4 -5.6163353 STB 2009 0.64369 1.87 0.864134914 70.40539239 5.6617712 2.3 3.62793869 STB 2010 0.53891 2.77 0.994853561 38.26507781 5.3978975 2.3 0.94659686 STB 2011 0.57516 2.42 1.009368237 -2.35839322 6.4232382 2.0 -3.5517439 STB 2012 2.02525 2.24 1.501670654 19.61143855 6.2403027 2.0 2.29492896 STB 2013 1.44086 1.03 1.222412366 14.77286851 5.2473672 2.2 5.36432982 TCB 2005 0.55000 1.16 1.616606283 55.24380039 7.5364106 2.1 1.66758235 TCB 2006 3.11000 2.25 0.318356272 62.15270678 7.5472477 2.3 2.40151726 TCB 2007 1.39000 1.84 0.287730797 135.5059919 6.9779548 2.3 1.41363787 TCB 2008 2.53000 1.79 1.230048935 28.21952582 7.1295045 2.4 -5.6163353 TCB 2009 2.49000 2.37 1.217304151 59.78719142 5.6617712 2.3 3.62793869 TCB 2010 2.28815 2.24 1.1543921 25.74097825 5.3978975 2.3 0.94659686 TCB 2011 2.82682 1.71 1.401163866 19.88292857 6.4232382 2.0 -3.5517439 TCB 2012 2.69621 1.91 1.64827312 7.580560985 6.2403027 2.0 2.29492896 TCB 2013 3.65172 0.42 1.687997677 2.949654946 5.2473672 2.2 5.36432982 VCB 2005 3.42813 0.92 2.199610802 13.87836371 7.5364106 2.1 1.66758235 VCB 2006 2.74672 1.01 2.201912509 10.97329809 7.5472477 2.3 2.40151726 VCB 2007 3.28954 1.89 2.153962737 44.12144018 6.9779548 2.3 1.41363787 VCB 2008 4.61203 1.32 3.780993788 15.529283 7.1295045 2.4 -5.6163353 VCB 2009 2.47045 0.64 3.265840437 25.55847433 5.6617712 2.3 3.62793869 VCB 2010 2.83097 1.64 3.217553488 24.84995071 5.3978975 2.3 0.94659686 VCB 2011 2.03324 1.52 2.544271905 18.43957172 6.4232382 2.0 -3.5517439 VCB 2012 2.40136 1.24 2.194616693 15.16093681 6.2403027 2.0 2.29492896 VCB 2013 2.62667 1.13 1.652511555 13.74435916 5.2473672 2.2 5.36432982 VPB 2005 0.75000 0.20 0.215650537 55.398689 7.5364106 2.1 1.66758235 VPB 2006 0.58000 1.09 0.230017125 52.0047434 7.5472477 2.3 2.40151726 VPB 2007 0.49000 1.40 0.195530045 166.0700011 6.9779548 2.3 1.41363787 VPB 2008 3.40000 1.61 0.629797116 -2.26938578 7.1295045 2.4 -5.6163353 VPB 2009 1.63000 0.78 0.826837259 21.77234465 5.6617712 2.3 3.62793869 VPB 2010 1.20000 1.27 0.905083709 60.14231466 5.3978975 2.3 0.94659686 VPB 2011 1.82421 1.15 1.076537977 15.24225396 6.4232382 2.0 -3.5517439 VPB 2012 2.71869 1.12 1.030211251 26.45201629 6.2403027 2.0 2.29492896 VPB 2013 2.80957 0.69 1.152390865 42.19355963 5.2473672 2.2 5.36432982 xi ... ngân hàng ngân hàng mà , nguyên nhân 22 2: 2.1 2.1 gân hàng ng 2.1, (1 2.1 trung bình Nhóm ngân hàng a NHTM V ngân hàng 20,176 35 5,336 50 1,078 2.030 Ngân hàng liên doanh 3,909 100 sách T... cho ngân hàng T t UNt: T t-1 t RIRt: L t t ROAi, t-1 -1 LLR/TLi, t: cho ngân hàng i,t: Không gian: 17 NHTM - - cho ngân hàng t t 5 Ý : 1: 2: : 1: U 1.1 1.1.1 -performing Theo IMF): n tính tốn...CHUN NGÀNH: TÀI CHÍNH - NGÂN HÀNG - Tơi xin cam Các NHTM khác 07 tháng 08 CÁC C CÁC 1: CÁC 1.1 1.1.1 Khái 1.1.2.1 Nguyên nhân khách quan