Phân tích chiến lược kinh doanh của công ty đầu tư phát triển đường cao tốc Việt Nam = Vietnam Expressway Company

TiriT* INTERNATIONAL EXECUTIVE MBA PROGRAM (leMBA) Chucng trinh cao hoc Quan tri kinh doanh Quoc te LUAN VAN TOT NGHIEP • • PHAN TICK CHIEN LlTOC KINH DOANH CUA CONG TY D A U TlT PHAT TRIEN DlTCJNG CAO TOG VIET NAM (Vietnam Expressway Company) NGUYEN XUAN LAM IEMBA#3 THANG 05, 2007 INTERNATIONAL EXECUTIVE MBA PROGRAM (leMBA) Chuang trinh cao hoc Quan trj kinh doanh Quoc te BAN LUAN VAN NAY DU'OC NOP CHO TRirOTNG DAI HOC IRVINE (HOA KY) VA KHOA QUAN TR| KINH DOANH (TRUCJNG DAI HOC QUOC GIA HA NQI) BAN LUAN VAN LA M O T PHAN B A T B U O C T R O N G CHU'ONG T R I N H DAO TAO THAC SY Q U A N TRI KINH DOANH QUOC TE THANG 05, 2007 Phe duyet eiia Chuoiig trinh Cao hoc quan tri kinh doanh quoc te Chu nhiem chuong trinh Toi xac nhan rang luan van da dap ung dugc cac yeu cau cua mot luan van tot nghiep thugc chuang trinh dao tao Thac sy Quan tri kinh doanh PGS-TS VuCdngTy Chu tich Hoi ddng Chung tdi, ky ten dudi day xac nhan rang chung tdi da doc toan bd luan van va cdng nhan ban luan van hoan toan dap ung cac tieu chuan cua mot luan van Thac sy quan tri kinh doanh Giao vienTiudng dan Cac vien Hoi ddng (Xep thu tir ten theo bang chir cai) PGS-TS Vu Tri Dung TS Pham Quang Nggc NCS Ha Nguyen TS Vu Xuan Quang MUC LUC Trang PHAN MOf DAU 1 Ly chon de tai Muc tieu nghien cuu Pham vi nghien cuu cua de tai Phuang phap nghien cuu Ket cau cua luan van CHU'ONG 1: CO SO LY THUYET VE CHIEN LU^OC KINH DOANH CUA DOANH NGHIEP 1.1 Khai niem chien luac kinh doanh 1.2 Mo hinh phan tich va hoach djnh chien luac 1.2.1 Phan tich vYmo - Mo hinh PEST 1.2.2 Phan tich moi truang ngdnh - Mo hinh luc lugng cua Michael Porter 14 1.2.3 Phan tich moi truang ben - Phan tich chuoi gid tri cua doanh nghiep 26 cua M.Porter (Value chain analysis) 1.2.4 Tdng hgp ket qua phan tich moi truang de xay dung vd lua chon chien luge 30 toi uu- Mo hinh SWOT 1.3 Cac loai chien lucre kinh doanh 32 1.4 Ket luan 36 CHU^ONG 2: PHAN TICH CHIEN LU^OC KINH DOANH CUA CONG TY VEC 2.1 Thue trang cua chien luae kinh doanh cua Cong ty VEC 37 2.1.1 Chuc ndng, nhiem vu cua Cong ty VEC 37 2.1.2 Twh hinh hogt dong kinh doanh 38 2.1.3 Nguon von 41 2.1.4 Ca cau to chuc 41 2.1.5 Chien luge cua VEC cho giai dogn 2005 - 2010 47 2.2 Phan tich chien luac kinh doanh cua VEC 49 2.2.7 Phan tich moi truang vT mo (mo hinh PEST) 49 2.2.2 Phan tich moi truang ngdnh cua VEC (Mo hinh nam luc lugng cua 63 M.Porter) 2.2.3 Phan tich moi truang ben cua VEC ( mo hinh chuoi gid tri) 66 2.4 Phan tich cdc dgc diem chien luge cua VEC (Mo hinh SWOT) 75 CHirONG 3: DE XUAT CHIEN LU^OC KINH DOANH CUA VEC 3.1 Djnh hudng chien luac cua VEC- Su menh cua VEC 78 3.2 Cac chien luac lua chon cua VEC 79 KET LUAN 89 TAI LIEU THAM KHAO 91 DANH M UC H INH VE VA BANG BIEU Hinh 1.1 Cac bude xay dung mo hinh chien luge kinh doanh Hinh 1.2 Mo hinh PEST Hinh 1.3 Mo hinh luc luung cua Michael Porter 10 Hinh 1.4 Chuoi gia trj cua doanh nghiep 15 Hinh 1.5 Cac muc tieu chuc nang cheo va chuoi gia trj 27 B a n g 1.1 M a t r a n p h a n t i c h S W O T 29 Bang 1.2 Nguon goc lui the canh tranh va cac chien luge kinh doanh cu ban 30 Bang 2.1 bao cao ket qua heat dong kinh doanh, 2005, 2006 33 So* d6 2.1 Ca cau to chuc cua VEC 39 Bang 2.2 C c cau nhan su va trinh cua VEC 42 Bang 2.3: Toe tang trudng GDP va khoi cong nghiep, xay dung 46 Bang 2.4 He thong Dudng bo (Km) 54 Hinh 2.1 Chuoi gia tri 55 Bang 2.5 Muc phi tinh toan 66 Bang 2.6 Phan tich SWOT ciia Cong ty VEC 74 75 PHAN M O DAU l.LYDOCHONDETAI Canh tranh giira cac doanh nghiep san xult kinh doanh la mot ylu td dac trung cua nen kinh te thi trudng De ton tai va phat trien, cac doanh nghiep phai tim dudng di rieng cho minh Tuy nhien, doanh nghiep khdng phai de gi tim dugc dudng nay, dac biet la thi trudng canh tranh khdc liet Thuat ngu "chien luge kinh doanh" thudng dugc su dung de phan anh tinh chat quan eiia viee tim dudng ton tai va phat trien rieng cua doanh nghiep Viee van dung chien luge kinh doanh vao thue tien boat ddng san xuat va kinh doanh la rat phong phu va da dang d cac nude phat trien theo dudng kinh te thj trudng hang tram nam nhu My, Anh va Tay Au Dieu phan anh hien thue khach quan ciia sir phat trien rat cao d cac thi trudng dd O Viet nam, nude ta chuyen ddi tu ca che kinh te ke hoach sang kinh tl thi trudng mdi dugc ban hai thap ky, muc canh tranh edn tuong ddi so khai, vay viee van dung ly thuyet chien luge kinh doanh vao phan tich boat dong san xuat kinh doanh cua cac doanh nghiep Viet nam edn tuong ddi la mdi me Tuy nhien, dieu khdng ed nghTa la cac doanh nghiep Viet nam de dang ban viee ton tai va phat trien Ben canh viee cac doanh nghiep ed nhieu ca hdi tu thj trudng ndi dja dang phat trien rat manh me, cac doanh nghiep phai ton tai mot mdi trudng thay ddi rat nhanh chdng, dac biet nhu Viet nam dang thue hien qua trinh hdi nhap vao nin kinh tl thi gidi, cam ket md cua ben ngoai, danh dau bang viee Viet nam la vien chinh thue cua WTO dau nam 2007 Viet nam thue hien cai each nen kinh te, ed phan boa cac doanh nghiep nha nude, xa hdi boa cac ngudn von dau tu vao moi ITnh vue cua nen kinh te, xoa bd trg cap vao cac ITnh vue kinh te xa hdi Ben canh do, cac doanh nghiep Viet nam dang phai ddi mat vdi su canh tranh rat gay gat tu mdi trudng, vi du tu cac doanh nghiep ed von dau tu ciia nude ngoai (FDI) la cac doanh nghiep ed ngudn lire rat manh ve vdn, ve kinh nghiem phat trien va chien luge kinh doanh Van dung he thong ly thuyet ve chien luge kinh doanh vao phan tich mot md hinh doanh nghiep cu the la mot yeu cau quan trgng ciia chuong trinh MBA Quoc te Tu kinh nghiem quan ly va kinh doanh eiia tac gia (la ngudi quan trj cdng ty xay dung va kinh doanh dudng bo), vdi nguon luc ve thdi gian va sd lieu kha la han che, tac gia lua ebon de tai Phan tich chien luge kinh doanh cua Cdng ty Dau tu Phdt trien Du&ng cao toe Viet Nam (Vietnam Expressway Company-VEC) la de tai luan van tdt nghiep Tac gia lua chgn de tai vdi by vong la se ddng gdp mot phan nao dd vao boat ddng san xuat va kinh doanh ciia Cdng ty VEC, va lam phong phii ly luan chien luge kinh doanh ciia cac doanh nghiep Viet nam MUC TIEU NGHIEN ClTU De tai cd nhung muc tieu nghien cuu nhu sau: - He thing boa ly thuyet chien luge kinh doanh ciia doanh nghiep - Van dung sang tao ly thuyet ve chien luge kinh doanh vao viee phan tich va dl xult chiln luge kinh doanh ciia Cdng ty VEC PHAM VI NGHIEN ClTU CUA DE TAI Dk tai lay md hinh cdng ty dudng cao toe VEC lam tinh hudng nghien cuu Do ban che vl thdi gian va sd lieu, tac gia chi di sau nghien cuu chien luge kinh doanh ndi chung ciia VEC PHU'ONG PHAP NGHIEN ClTU - Nghien cuu tinh hudng djnh tinh dugc sir dung chii yeu nghien cuu Phuang phap cu the nhu phong van sau cac quan trj cap cao cua Cdng ty VEC dugc su dung de thu thap sd lieu Sd lieu: tac gia sir dung sd lieu thong ke d cac ngudn khac nhu cua Tdng Cue Thong ke, Bd Giao thong van tai, Bd Cdng nghiep, Bd Ke hoach va dau tu , cac thdng tin, sd lieu chuyen nganh; cac bao cao va nghien cuu cua cdng ty Dudng cao toe VEC KET CAU CUA LUAN VAN Luan van gdm chuang Ndi dung torn tat cua mdi chuang dugc trinh bay sau day: Chuang 1: Ca sd ly thuyet ve chien luge kinh doanh cua doanh nghiep Ndi dung ciia chuang bao gdm: Co sd ly thuyet viee hoach djnh va xay dung chien luge kinh doanh Tdng hgp cac each tiep can (qui trinh) xay dung va hoach djnh chien luge kinh doanh Trinh bay cac md hinh ap dung phan tich chien luge - Trinh bay cac chien luge kinh doanh ciia doanh nghiep Chuang 2: Phan tich chien luge kinh doanh linh vue dudng cao toe cua cong ty Dudng cao toe VEC - Gidi thieu tdng quan ve cdng ty Dudng cao toe VEC: tarn nhin, sir menh, muc dich, CO cau td chuc, sa bd ve chien luge kinh doanh hien tai - Ap dung cac md hinh neu d chuong de phan tich mdi trudng vT md, mdi trudng nganh, mdi trudng ben ndi bd doanh nghiep Phan tich cac chiln luge kinh doanh hien tai nham phan tich tinh hgp ly tdi uu ciia cac chien luge khac biet hoa tren cac ITnh vue nhu thuang hieu, djch vu, gia ca v.v Dk the hien chiln luge khac biet boa (tdng the) nay, tac gia dua ba chien luge kinh doanh nhu sau: 1) Chiin luge phdt trien thuang hieu 2) Chiin luge gid tri cd gdi 3) Chiin luge thu hdt von ddu tu Cac ndi dung tren se dugc phan tich d chuang 77 CHU^ONG DE XUAT CHIEN LU^QfC KINH DOANH CUA VEC Nhu da phan tich d Chuong vdi cac mat ciia cdng ty VEC cung nhu ngoai mdi trudng, Chuong dua kiln nghi ve chiln luge kinh doanh cua VEC va cac giai phap thue thi chien luge de dat dugc muc tieu chiln luge da chgn 3.1 Djnh hudng chien luge cua VEC- Su menh cua VEC Qua viee phan tich cac ylu to ben ngoai mdi trudng, ben cua VEC, viee dIu tien la phai xac djnh rd djnh hudng chiln luge kinh doanh ciia VEC Dd la kim chi nam cho viee phat trien cac chien luge kinh doanh ciia VEC Vdi nhiem vu dugc giao la tu van, dau tu, xay dung, khai thac, kinh doanh dudng cao toe va cac loai hinh giao thdng khac, VEC nen tap trung ngudn lire ciia minh vao dudng cao toe va bd qua ca hdi kinh doanh d cac loai hinh giao thdng khac Ro rang VEC cd lgi the canh tranh rat Idn tu su hd trg ciia Nha nude xay dung va kinh doanh san pham "dudng cao tdc" Viee gidi ban ITnh vue kinh doanh chi d dudng cao tde, se giiip cho VEC tap trung nguon lire, ma khdng bj dan trai d nhieu ITnh vue kinh doanh khac Mdt slogan ngin ggn phan anh sii menh va cam kit ciia VEC cd the la "Mang ludi dudng cao tdc cua VEC la bilu tugng cua chat lugng, tien nghi, an toan, va nhanh chdng" Slogan bao gdm nhung chiln luge kinh doanh cot loi cua VEC 78 1) Thuang hieu VEC se gan lien vdi "dudng cao tdc" va cac djch vu tren dudng cao toe ciia VEC 2) Khach hang tieu diing dudng cao toe ciia VEC se dugc hudng nhilu djch vu khac 3) Viee xay dung dudng cao toe gin liln vdi quy hoach kinh doanh dich vu tren dudng cao tdc Dk dam bao su cdng cua VEC la kha nang buy ddng va da dang hoa cac loai hinh thu hiit von kinh doanh ciia VEC 3.2 Cac chien luge lua chon cua VEC De dat dugc su menh tren, VEC can tap trung thue hien cac chiln luge: 1) Chiin luge phdt trien thuang hieu Chien luge nhan manh vao muc tieu phat trien thuang hieu ciia VEC Thuang hieu ciia VEC phai gan lien vdi chat lugng ciia djch vu va he thdng dudng cao tdc ma VEC dau tu khai thac Phat triln thuang hieu ciia VEC cung se giam riii ro chinh sach cua nha nude thay ddi tao dieu kien cho nhieu ddi thii canh tranh tham gia vao thj trudng san pham "dudng cao toe" VEC hien tai cd mdt lgi thi rat Idn la dang d thi "ddc quyIn" tren mdt thj trudng rIt sa khai VEC phai nhanh chdng xay dung thuang hieu dl doi thii tilm nang ed kha nang tham gia thi VEC da cd vi thi vd hinh tren thj trudng Phat triln thuang hieu ciia VEC gin lien vdi chit lugng ciia dudng cao tdc cung se giiip cho VEC keu ggi thu hiit cac nguon vdn dIu tu tii nhilu ngudn khac 79 Mdt VEC cd mdt thuang hieu manh, VEC cd thi ban hang vdi gia cao ban, cd thi thu hiit dugc nhilu nhan vien gidi cung nhu cac ddi tac kinh doanh va cac khach hang Idn, tham chi van cd the phat trien tdt nen kinh te xudng ddc Theo William Arruda - Mot chuyen gia xay dung nhan hieu quoc tl vdi 20 nam kinh nghiem da dua ly thuyet 9C dudi day giiip cac doanh nghiep xay dung cho minh nhiing nhan hieu manh Competent (chat lugng cao) Viee xay dung mdt nhan hieu dugc bat dau bang van de chat lugng Doanh nghiep khdng the tien xa viee xay dung nhan hieu neu san pham hay dich vu eiia doanh nghiep khdng thue bien diing nhiing Idi biia ve chat lugng ddi vdi khach hang Credible (Co the tin cay) San phim hay djch vu cd chit lugng cao vIn chua dii dl xay dung mdt nhan hieu manh VEC phai thi hien dugc uy tin ddi vdi khach hang dem din cho hg nhiing san pham hay dich vu cd chit lugng cao Sir tin cay nIm d nhiing gia tri cdt loi ma doanh nghiep mudn ehuyin tai din khach hang thdng qua mgi boat ddng eiia minh Clear (ro rang muc tieu) VEC phai hilu rIt rd minh la ai, dilm manh va dilm ylu ciia minh la gi, hieu dugc nhung Idi hiia vl gia trj mang tinh dac thu ma hg mang din cho khach hang va chinh Idi hiia dd giiip VEC phan biet minh vdi cac ddi thii canh tranh, thu hut khach hang va xay dung long trung ciia khach hang 80 Compelling (Co sue thu hut) VEC phai ludn biet rd khach hang muc tieu ciia minh la va tap trung no lire dl lam cho nhdm khach hang dd cam thIy dugc sir lien quan, gin gui, su thii vj va yeu thich sii dung san pham ciia doanh nghiep Consistant (Nhat quan) VEC phai nhat quan viee the hien nhung gia trj ciia minh Ludn di tim cai mdi sang tao cung la mdt gia trj ciia mot thuang hieu manh Tinh nhat quan trudng hgp ciia VEC la ludn dam bao tieu chuan chat lugng cao eiia cac djch vu ma VEC cung cap Cac djch vu khdng triing lap vdi nhung san pham da va dang ed tren thj trudng Constant (Xuat hien thudng xuyen) Hinh anh ciia VEC phai thudng xuyen xuat hien tren cdng chiing, trudc khach hang hien tai va tuang lai Cac boat ddng PR d n phai dugc coi trgng Connected (Cd nhirng mdi quan he gin kit) Mdt thuang hieu manh phai ludn cd cac quan he gin kit xung quanh: VEC phai tri mdi quan he vdi cac doi tac, vdi cac nhan hieu cung nganh, nghl va vdi khach hang Doanh nghiep d n phai phat triln cac moi quan he nhIm lam manh nhan hieu cua minh Committed (Cam kit lau dai) Xay dung mdt thuang hieu khdng phai la mot viee lam nhlt thdi, ma phai dugc thue hien thudng xuyen, lau dai, ddi hdi VEC phai cd cam kit va su kien viee thue hien nhung cam ket Current (Gan gui va thiet thue cho cuoc song hien tai) VEC phai tri dugc quan he gin gui ddi vdi cac khach hang muc tieu hien tai va bilt tu thay ddi cac khach hang muc tieu thay ddi 81 2) Chien luge gid tri cd gdi Chiln luge gia trj ca gdi ban chit la tap trung chiln luge kinh doanh khdng chi lien quan din san phim dudng cao tdc ma cdn lien quan din cac djch vu tren dudng dudng cao tdc Mot diem luu y quan trgng la nha nude chi kilm soat phi giao thdng chu khdng kilm soat cac phi cho djch vu tren dudng cao tdc Do vay VEC d n phat triln rat nhilu loai hinh djch vu lien quan ma cd the dem lai lgi nhuan cao Dk thue hien chiln luge nay, VEC nen tap trung nguon luc cho viee nghien ciiu va phat triln cac loai hinh djch vu tren va hai ben dudng cao tdc Ben canh dd VEC nen tap trung nghien ciiu va phat triln cac cdng nghe mdi, vat lieu mdi xay dung dudng cao tdc; cac cdng nghe mdi phue vu an toan giao thdng, sii dung cdng nghe thdng tin cdng tac dieu hanh quan ly va td chiic quan ly khai thacdjeh vu tren he thong dudng cao tdc Ap dung cdng nghe mdi kiem soat mdi trudng nhu giam tieng dn, ddc hai ciia thai DIU tu va ling dung cac thilt bi, cdng nghe xay dung hien dai viee lap bao cao nghien ciiu tiln kha thi, kha thi, khao sat, thilt kl cac du an cdng ty quan ly nhIm dam bao chat lugng cdng trinh, giam thilu chi phi bao dudng va tang kha nang hoan tra vdn vay iTng dung cdng nghe tin hge, thilt lap he thong cac chuang trinh ling dung, dIu tu cac he thing theo doi, giam sat tu xa dk cap nhat du lieu nhIm kilm soat he thdng djnh miic chi phi dau vao ciia qua trinh san xult tren ca sd kiem soat he thong quan ly thu phi, quan ly tai chinh, dinh miic hao phi nguyen vat lieu, nhien lieu, ddng luc, thi cdng, cdng lao ddng, cac chi phi C djnh khac, ddng thdi giam thilu thdi gian giao djch va lam viee, giiip lanh dao dua O nhiing phan quyet kjp thdi va hieu qua 82 - De thirc hien hai chien luge tren, ngudn lire mlu chot eiia VEC la ngudi VEC phai tuyln dung can bg theo hinh thiic thi tuyln dl lira chgn dugc nhung ngudi cd nang luc va phim chit dao diic tot Sip xIp, bd tri can bd theo chiic danh tieu chuIn phu hgp vdi trinh chuyen mdn, nang luc cua can bd nhIm dap ling nhiem vu chiln luge cua VEC va tang nang suat lao ddng - Cii can bd ky thuat, quan ly va kinh doanh theo hge cac khoa Dao tao d nude ngoai, di dao tao ve chuyen giao cdng nghe mdi, di tham quan thue tl cac cdng trinh dudng cao toe cd quy md Idn, phiic tap d nude ngoai dk hoc hdi ca vl thilt kl va thi cdng, lien kit vdi cac ca sd dao tao nghe quoc te - Tang cudng dao tao, tuyln dung dii lire lugng ky su lam cdng tac tu vIn thilt kl ludn ludn C dugc nhiing thiet ke toi uu, tiep can nhanh vdi nhiing cdng nghe tien tiln, sii dung phan O mem thiet ke mdi; tang cudng dau tu dii thilt bi phue vu cdng tac khao sat, thilt kl dl chii dong thiet ke va thi cdng, tao nen san pham vugt trdi - Vdi mdt sd cdng trinh, cdng viee dac biet, thue chuyen gia nude ngoai va chii ddng nam bat, hge hdi kien thiic tii nhijng chuyen gia de van dung cho nhiing cdng trinh tuong tu - Coi trgng dao tao, xay dung ddi ngu quan ly, dieu hanh cac du an, quan ly hgp ddng Xay dung tieu chuIn mdi vl lua chgn can bd ky thuat, thg lanh nghe; soat, xet lai cac tieu chuan cu - Ngoai ra, VEC cd thi thue bien cac hinh thiic lien doanh, lien ket vdi cac ddi tac cd kinh nghiem va cd ngudn luc khai thac cac djch vu tren dudng cao tdc 4) Chien luge tgo ngudn tdi chinh Nhin chung, ca d u von khdng phai la vIn dl ddi vdi VEC la cdng ty thugc sd hiru nha nude va dugc Chinh phu d p vdn Trai philu cua VEC, hoac cac khoan vay cua IFl dugc 83 Chinh phii bao lanh Tuy nhien VEC d n phai cd dii ngudn vdn dk dat dugc cac muc tieu ciia minh; va trudng hgp VEC phai tim kilm dk vay tir cac thj trudng tai chinh ma khdng dugc Chinh phu hd trg, d n phai cd mdt ca d u vdn dang tin cay dugc xem xet ciia cac nha cho vay tiem nang Hien VEC cd so vdn dilu le (danh nghTa) la 1000 ty VND Dilu le hien tai eiia VEC bit huge VEC phai quan ly va 'su dung vdi muc tieu Igi nhuan' 'toan bd vdn do nha nude dau tu' (Khoan 29.1) Tuy nhien cung neu ring VEC la dan vj 'tu hach toan' & ^tu kilm soat' 'cac boat ddng kinh doanh' (Khoan 29.4) VEC ed quyIn su dung vdn ciia cdng ty de dau tu vao cac lien doanh & cac cdng ty true thugc (Dilu 9) Vdn cho xay dung ca ban cd the la vdn tu ngan sach Nha nude hoac OCR hoac cac khoan vay thuang mai khac Tuy nhien van de d day la cac ngudn vdn dugc phan biet tii ca 'Vdn kinh doanh' ciia VEC & Vdn dieu le Bat ky Igi nhuan nao thu dugc (sau thul) dugc bo sung vao vdn dieu le Rd rang tu dieu la sir phan biet d cac qude gia phuang tay, giua von cd phan (cd gidi ban phap ly ve sii dung, & vdn boat ddng (cd the la khoan vay hoac lgi nhuan) chua dugc nhan bilt tai Viet Nam Tat nhien hgp ly vi mdt doanh nghiep nha nude ma thue tl khdng thi bj rai vao tinh trang khdng tra dugc ng, khdng cd ly gi ma khdng sii dung vdn dilu le vao muc dich kinh doanh Khi doanh nghiep da dugc ehuyin ddi thanh, nhu chiing tdi khuyin nghj, mdt cdng ty cd phln, & cd cac khoan ng Idn tren bang can ddi kl toan ciia minh, vi the ciia cdng ty se khac 84 Thue chat, dilu le cua VEC gidi ban kha nang ciia Hdi dong quan trj viee quylt dinh dIu tu du an cd sd vdn ban 50% vdn dilu le vao cac du an dIu tu gdm dIu tu vao ed ph^n ciia cac cdng ty khac, lap cac cdng ty true thugc va doanh nghiep nha nude mot vien VEC 'sd huu toan bd vdn dilu le' Bit ky du an nao vugt qua gidi ban phai dugc su phe duyet cua Bg Giao thdng van tai Nhin chung, VEC ed trach nhiem (Dilu II) sii dung vdn dieu le cho 'cac san phim va djch vu cdng ich' 'dugc Nha nude yeu eau, ehl dan hoac tham gia dIu thIu' Dae tinh thugc sd huu cua Nha nude dugc the hien Khoan 10.2 neu ring mdt cac nghTa vu tai chinh ciia VEC la 'sir dung vdn va cac nguon khac dl thue hien cac nhiem vu dac biet dugc Nha nude yeu du' DIU tu xay dung va phat trien he thong dudng cao toe la su nghiep lau dai, ddi hdi phai ed che quan ly, dieu hanh va thue thi cac du an hieu qua, phai ed ca ehl phu hgp vdi tiing giai doan, tung thdi ky viee buy ddng cac ngudn vdn dau tu, giai phdng mat bIng, thilt ke thi cdng, giam sat, quan ly thu phi, tu bao dudng Ca che tu buy ddng ngudn vdn, hoan tra vdn vay va can ddi tai chinh de dau tu vao cac du an xay dung cac tuyen dudng cao toe la cue ky quan trgng Do dd, chiln luge tao ngudn tai chinh cho cdng ty giai doan mdi hinh dac biet quan trgng va du kiln hoach djnh theo phuang thue buy ddng cac ngudn vdn ngoai ngan sach nhu: Phat hanh trai philu cdng trinh cd bao lanh ciia Chinh phii, vay uu dai va thuang mai ciia cac td chiic tai chinh va ngoai nude Ddi vdi cac boat ddng kinh doanh djch vu, cdng ty thue hien phuang an hgp tac kinh doanh dudi hinh thiie co phln, lien doanh dau tu dl thu hiit cac nguon von 85 Sau hoan tk dua cac du an vao str dung, cong ty se tiln hanh quan ly thu phi, khai thac, tich tu v6n ngan sach dugc giao 6k ti^p tuc dSu ttr pha triln cac tuyln duang cao t6c mdi ph,c vu phat triln kinh tl, xa hoi va an ninh qu6c phong, thue hien thing lai muc tieu cong nghiep hoa va hien dai hoa dk nuac theo Nghj quylt cua Dang va Nha nuac da d& VEC nen van dung linh hoat cac hinh thue thu hut ngu6n tai chinh Hinh thue thu nhat la dii dat lay tang Day la hinh thue nha diu tu xay dung ting, nha nuac toan bing quy dat Nha diu tu kinh doanh quy dit bing chuyin nhugng quyIn su dung dit, true tilp diu tu dl kinh doanh dich vu du lich hoac mai nha diu tu thu cip lien doanh dl diu tu Hinh thue thu hai la giao dit cho nha diu tu xay dung ting co thu tiln sir dung dit Day la hinh thue giao mot dien tich dit nhit djnh cho nha diu tu xay dung ting theo quy hoach chi tiet Sau tru di so tiln nha diu tu phai diu tu xay dung ting, phin lai phai nop vao ngan sach Nha nuac Hinh thue ba la dau thiu quyIn sii dung dit de xay dung ting, d hinh thue nay, phin du toan xay dung ting dugc tinh toan bing phin gia chuyin quyen sir dung dit chua xac djnh ma cac nha dau tu phai diu thau de xac djnh gia chuyin nhugng quyIn sir dung dit, nha dau tu nao bo gia cao se trung thiu Hinh thue thu tu, giao dat cho nha dau tu xay dung tang theo quy hoach ciing thu hut dugc nhieu du an Hinh thue se toan lai quy dat cho nha dau tu theo so von dau tu va gia chuyen quyen sir dung dat a khu vue do, quy dat eon lai thuoc quyen quan ly va sir 86 dung cua Nha nude Vdi hinh thii'c nay, Nha nude da cd quy dit dk bd tri tai djnh cu va cd dilu kien tang ngudn thu cho ngan sach vi gia chuyin nhugng quyIn sii dung dk sau da d^u tu xong ting cd thi cao ban gia du toan ban diu Mot chinh sach quan trgng anh hudng din kit qua hoat dgng san xult kinh doanh eiia VEC la viee trien khai cdng tac giai phdng mat bang Cdng tac giai phdng mat bing cang bi dinh tre thi boat ddng san xult kinh doanh cua VEC cang bj anh hudng VEC phai tien hanh kiem dem den bii giai phdng mat bing phai cdng khai chinh sach, dan gia din bii trudc cac ho dan nh§m bao dam cdng bing vl don gia, khdi lugng vat kiln triic, dien tich thu hdi VEC nen da dang boa cac hinh thiic thu phi Cd ba phuang thiic thu phi chinh: phuang thiic thu phi theo he thdng md, theo he thdng khep kin va thu khoan ca gdi Thdng thudng, theo mdi phuang thue ma vi tri dat tram thu phi cung khac VEC nen ap dung cdng nghe tien tien viee thu phi: cac tram thu phi tu dgng se dugc bd tri tren toan bd cac diem vao ciia dudng cao tdc Phuang tien di vao dudng cao tdc se dugc "nhan dien" bing he thong camera dien tu vdi sd thii tu ciia tram thu phi Khi di khdi dudng cao toe, phuang tien se nop miic phi tuong duang vdi hanh trinh ciia minh tir dong qua tai khoan ciia minh Dilu dd se giiip cho phuang tien di chuyen qua cac tram thu phi "ao" nhanh chdng ban nhilu so vdi cac tram thu phi truyin thdng Vdi dac dilm ciia dudng cao tdc cd sd diem lien he vdi cac tuyln dudng khac la ban ehl nen kha nang xay dung cac tram thu phi va td chiie thu phi hoan toan thuan lgi 87 Phuang tien cd thi toan qua cac tram thu phi theo tung Ian, theo thang, hoac theo nam Viee da dang hoa cac hinh thiic thu phi va khuyen khich khach hang nop phi theo nam se tao ngudn thu Idn va nhanh chdng cho VEC, tao ngudn tai chinh cho VEC dau tu vao cac du an khac 88 KET LUAN Trong nhung nam ddi mdi ciia dat nude, cac doanh nghiep Viet Nam da dan chuyen minh theo ca che thj trudng Tuy nhien, cac doanh nghiep Viet Nam ndi chung, cac doanh nghiep nganh xay dung ndi rieng van chua ddi mdi nhieu quan trj chiln luge, chua xay dung cho minh mdt chien luge cd hieu qua, diing bai ban ma hlu hit cac doanh nghiep xay dung chiln luge thudng dua tren ca sd kinh nghiem, chii quan ciia lanh dao; chua ed sir phan tich day dii ve mdi trudng ben ngoai, mdi trudng ndi bd doanh nghiep mdt each he thdng, chua sii dung cac cdng cu hoach djnh chien luge dk cd dugc sir danh gia khach quan va lira chon phuang an chien luge tdi uu Trong giai doan hien nay, nIn kinh tl Viet Nam tilp tuc cd nhiing bude phat triln manh me, bdi canh hdi nhap vdi ne kinh tl khu virc va Viet Nam da gia nhap td chiic thuong mai the gidi WTO, cac doanh nghiep Viet Nam dang cd nhiing ca hdi to Idn song cung dang diing trudc nhiing thach thiic rat Idn, dd la van de canh tranh gianh giat thj trudng khdng nhung vdi cac doanh nghiep nude ma cdn vdi cac doanh nghiep nude ngoai, ddi hdi cac doanh nghiep phai xay dung cho minh mdt chiln luge kinh doanh phu hgp vdi nang luc, kha nang hien cd dk cd thi dat dugc muc tieu phat trien dn dinh, ben viing Tren ca sd ling dung ly luan cac hge thuylt vl canh tranh, md hinh xay dung chiln luge kinh doanh, cac md hinh phan tich mdi trudng ben ngoai, mdi trudng ndi bd doanh nghiep va bang phan tich trgng sd, luan van da xay dung chiln luge kinh doanh ciia Cdng ty DIU tu va Phat triln Dudng cao tdc VEC, se giup cho lanh dao ciia VEC nIm bit tdt han cac ca hdi, tan dung cac ca hdi tri nhung lgi thi canh tranh vugt trdi va ban ehl tdi da cac nii ro dk VEC chilm ITnh dugc tdi da thi trudng dudng cao tdc 89 Han che ciia luan van la mdi chi dung lai d nghien ciiu, phan tich va hoach dinh chiln luge kinh doanh va tinh hudng cu the ciia VEC, chua di vao thue thi va danh gia chiln luge de 90 TAI LIEU THAM KHAO Alfred D Chandler, (1962), Strategy & Structure: Chapters in the History of the Industrial Enterprise (Cambridge: MIT Press) Alfred D Chandle, Peter Hagstrom & Orjan Solvell (1998)77?^ Dynamic Firm - The Role of Technology, Strategy Organization and Regions (New York: Oxford Uni Press) Garry D.Smith, DannyR Arnold, Bopby G.Bizrell (1985), Business Strategy and Policy Business Strategy and Policy Kenneth L Andrews, {\965)',Business Policy: Text and Cases Ansoff, H.I (1965), Corporate Strategy: An Analytic Approach to Business Policy for Growth and Expansion, McGraw-Hill, New York, NY Alain Charles Martinet, 1990 Epistemologies et Sciences de Gestion Paris : Economica Bemstein, Abraham (1999): Tools For Inventing Organizations: Toward a Handbook of Organizational Processes In Management Science, Vol 43 (March 1999), No 3, pp 425443 Porter, M (1980) Competitive Strategy, Free Press, New York, 1980 Quylt dinh 3446/QD-BGTVT 12/11/2004 ciia Bd Giao thdng van tai 10 Bao cao kit qua boat ddng kinh doanh ciia VEC, 2005, 2006 11 Bao cao ciia Hiep hdi dudng bd Viet nam 2004 91 ... Chucng trinh cao hoc Quan tri kinh doanh Quoc te LUAN VAN TOT NGHIEP • • PHAN TICK CHIEN LlTOC KINH DOANH CUA CONG TY D A U TlT PHAT TRIEN DlTCJNG CAO TOG VIET NAM (Vietnam Expressway Company) NGUYEN... TICH CHIEN LU^OC KINH DOANH CUA CONG TY VEC 2.1 Thue trang cua chien luae kinh doanh cua Cong ty VEC 37 2.1.1 Chuc ndng, nhiem vu cua Cong ty VEC 37 2.1.2 Twh hinh hogt dong kinh doanh 38 2.1.3... han che, tac gia lua ebon de tai Phan tich chien luge kinh doanh cua Cdng ty Dau tu Phdt trien Du&ng cao toe Viet Nam (Vietnam Expressway Company- VEC) la de tai luan van tdt nghiep Tac gia lua