Đang tải... (xem toàn văn)
TAP CHl KHOA HQC BHSP TPHCM S6 11(77) ndm 2015 BirdC DAU VAN DUNG DOI SANH TRONG GIAO DVC DE SO SANH BAY TRU^PNG TRUNG HOC PHO THONG TINH BA RIA VUNG TAU Hd SY ANH'''' TOM TAT Tren ca sd thong tin ciig c[.]
TAP CHl KHOA HQC BHSP TPHCM S6 11(77) ndm 2015 BirdC DAU VAN DUNG DOI SANH TRONG GIAO DVC DE SO SANH BAY TRU^PNG TRUNG HOC PHO THONG TINH BA RIA - VUNG TAU Hd SY ANH' TOM T A T Tren ca sd thong tin ciig cdc trudng trung hgc phd Ihdng (THPT) md He thing Ihdng tin qudn li gidg due phuc vu nghien ciru khoa hgc (ggi Id EMIS.FSR) thu nhdn dugc, chim tdi da xdy dung cdc chi sd cua mat s6 lieu chi nhu hgc sinh (HS) dgi nga gida vien (GV) ca sg vgi chdl chdl lugng hoc lap cug HS vd budc ddu vdn dung li thuyet Dgi sdnh de so sdnh vd ddnh gid mgi s6 trudng THPT cua Hnh Bd Ria - VUng Tdu (BR-VT) Bdi viel gidi Ihieu vl dii sdnh Irang gidg due cUng nhu kit qud vgn dung na de so sdnh va ddnh gi dii vdi trudng THPT hdng ddu cua huyen Ihdnh phd thudc tinh BR-VT Tir khda: dii sanh, dinh gia, tinh Ba Rja - Vung Tiu ABSTRACT Initially applying benchmarking theory in education to compare and evaluate high schools in Ba Ria - Vung Tau province Based on Ihe data of high schools collected by Ihe Education Management Information System For Scientific Research (EMIS.FSR), the researchers have develop indicators for some benchmarks such as students, teaching staff, infrastructure, learnin quality, etc and have initially gpplying benchmarking Ihegry lo compare gnd evaluate same high schools in Bg Rig - Vung Tau This article presents Ihe benchmarking theory education as well as results of its appUcalian in compare and evaluate lop high school in towns and cities ofBa Ria - Vung Tau province Keywords: benchmarking, evaluation, high schools, Ba Ria - Vung Tau province D^tvindi Doi sanh la mot kT thuat nham cai tien qua trinh san xuat, kinh doanh ciia cac cong ti, da dupc nhieu nuac tren the gidi van dung vao ITnh vuc giao due Ddi sinh da dupc img dung cdng khdng chi ddi vol giao due dai hpc ma ca giao due phd thdng tai mdt sd nudc nhu Hoa Ki, cic nuac chau Au, Australia, Trung Qudc Viet Nam, dii sanh giao due chua duac nghien cim va ap dung thuc tien ma chi duac giai thieu mdt sd hdi thao Ben canh dd, mpt sd nha nghien ciiu da de cap linh vuc cac bai bao khoa hpc Nghien ciru vi ddi sanh va van dung nd ddi voi giio due Viet Nam cd mdt y nghia rat Ion bdi canh ddi mdi giao due va dio tao hien 1.1 Tim hiiu ddi sinh (Benchmarking) TilS Vi§n Ngiiien ciju GiSo due Truang Dai hoc Su pham TPHCM; Email: hosyanh@ier edu 120 TAP CHi KHOA HOC DHSP TPHCM 1.1.1, Khdi niem ddi sdnh Ddi sanh ddi la dl phuc vu san xuat, kinh doanh ciia cac cong ti, diu tien la Cong ti Xerox - Hoa Ki (1982), sau dd dupc nhieu cdng ti khac su dung dl cai tiln san xuat, kinh doanh D6i sanh la mpt kT thuat nham cai tien qua trinh san xuat, kinh doanh cua cong ti, kT thuat dupc su dung de so sanh tinh hinh boat dpng giiia cac td chirc khac nhung boat dpng d ITnh vyc tuang tu hoac giira cac bp phan cung mpt td chirc Doi sanh la mpt phuang phap mang tinh lien tyc dimg de danh gia, cai tien san pham, dich vu va thdi quen de dat dupc vi tri dan dau kinh doanh Phuang phap dupc xac dinh nhu la mpt phuang thuc "Tim kiem nhiing each thirc tot nhat thyc tien giup cho doanh nghiep boat dpng tdt hon"; Ho3c "Ddi sanh la mpt quy trinh mang tinh he thdng nham ludng va so sanh cac quy trinh cua mpt don vj/td chuc vdi cac dan vi/td chuc khac, bang each su dung danh gia ben ngoai ddi vdi cac boat dpng, chuc nang hay cac dieu hanh don vi/to chirc do" [10] 1.1.2 Nhirng lai ich cua doi sdnh Doi sanh mang lai nhieu lpi ich, la: (i) Hieu va thda man dupc khach hang, nhanh chdng nhan biet va dap umg cac nhu ciu thuc tai cCia thi trudng; (ii) Cai thi?n hieu suit bing each thilt lap cac myc tieu hieu qua va dang tin cay (franh ldi lanh dao theo kilu suy dien tir kinh nghiem ho^c tir nhihig xu hudng frong qua khu); (iii) Ludn giu- vihig dupc tinh c ^ franh bdi ludn thiu hilu cac d6i HdSyAnh thu va cac bieu hien cua ho nhu chat luong, chi phi, thdi gian san xuat; (iv) Kham pha nhimg phuang phap t6t nhit va thyc tien da dupc chung minh cdng d noi khac; (v) Xac dinh nhiing diem manh ciia minh (de phat frien chung hon nira) cung nhu nhijng diem yeu ciia ngudi khac dl biln chung ca hpi ciia minh; va (vi) Tao dieu kien cho nhiing thay d6i frong quan li 1.1.3 Doi sdnh gido due Mdt sd nudc da van dyng ddi sanh vao giao due Mpt so cdng frinh nghien cuu va phat bieu cua cac nha khoa hpc giao due ve ddi sanh frong giao due, tieu bieu la cac dinh nghia sau: (i) "Ddi sanh giup cho viec vupt qua cac luc can ddi vdi nhiing thay doi cin thilt, tao dilu kien thuan lpi cho viec danh gia ngoai, tao mang ludi giao tiep giua cac trudng va trao ddi kinh nghiem." (AACSB, 1994)'; (ii) "D6i sanh la quy trinh mang tinh tich cyc, cung cdp cac ludng khach quan nham phyc vy cho viec dua cac gia frj mang tinh sang tao, dat myc dich va phuang hudng cai tien dan din viec ddi mdi frong giao due." [13] Mpt sd trudng dai hpc tren the gidi, hay mpt s6 td ehuc da xay dyng cac he thong ddi sanh dien tu giao due, hp da phat friln phin mem thyc hien ddi sanh, dl thuc hien so sanh giQa cac trudng dai hpc hay cac trudng phd thdng vdi Diln hinh la he thdng doi sanh cua Co quan Chuong frinh, Danh gia va Bao cao Uc (Ausfralian Curriculum, Assessment and Reporting Authority ACARA) da cdng bd thdng tin doi sanh cua gan 121 TAP CHi KHOA HOC DHSP TPHCM S611(77) nam 2015 10.000 trudng ph6 thdng fren loan nudc Uc tai website Myschool.edu.au [15] hay he thdng Ddi sanh dien tu frong giao due (Elecfronic Benchmarking In Education EBIE) ciia Cdng ti Phililips KPA, Ausfralia [12] Phan mem da dupc gidi thieu d Viet Nam vao thang 02/2011, tai Thanh ph6 H6 Chi Minh Viet Nam, cho din nay, chua co mpt cong trinh nao nghien cuu va xay dyng phan mem ung dung ddi sanh frong giao due 1.1.4 Ve phdn logi ddi sdnh mdt ddi thii manh nhat fren thi trudng, hay ddi thii canh franh true tiep cua no Ddi tupng cua sy so sanh hay ddi tupng ddi sanh (benchmark object) cd the la bit ki cai gi, tir san pham, djch vu den quy frinh hoat dpng va each thuc canh franh tren thi trudng ma minh nham tdi (target market) Da sd cac dy an ddi sanh ma cac cdng ti thyc hien deu nham den ddi thii canh tranh nen can ddi sanh loai n^y Tuy nhien, doi sanh canh franh khdng dl thuc hien, khd thu thap thdng tin tir ddi thii Cimg vdi viec tdn tai nhieu dinh nghia khac cua ddi sanh, viec phan loai ddi sanh ciing rat da dang Theo Appleyby (1999:59) [3], sd lupng ddi sanh ma cac nha nghien cuu dua cd len den 20 loai khac Dieu dS tao sy phiic tap khdng can thiet Theo cac nha khoa hpc, he thdng phan loai tieu bieu, mdt xuat phat tu luih vyc cdng nghiep kinh doanh [4], va mdt dai dien cho quan diem cua gidi quan tri dai hpc [3] Chinh nhd sy phan loai nay, cung vdi phan tich nhiing im diem, ban che cua timg loai ddi sanh da lam cho cac doanh nghiep va sau dd la cac trudng hpc van dung mot each thuan lpi va hi$u qua Cac loai ddi sanh frong he thdng Camp gdm cd: Doi sanh noi bo {Internal Benchmarking) la phuang phap ddi sanh dan gian va de thirc hien nhit (Love &Dale 2007:481)1 Viec ddi sanh frong npi bp mdt td chuc, vi du giiia cac dan vi khoa, phdng thudc mdt trudng dai hpc Doi sanh canh tranh {Competitive Benchmarking) la so sanh mdt don vi vdi Doi sanh chirc nang/doi sSnh tong quat {Funtional/generie Benchmarking): ddi sanh chuc nang/ ddi sanh tdng quat ddi nhim khic phyc nhupe diem cua dli sanh canh franh thilu thdng tin chinh xac ciia ddi tac, ban chat canh tranh ciia viec ddi sanh (Love & Dale 2007:481 - A%2f Ddi sanh chiic nang la ddi sanh giiia cac don vi dupc so sanh co tuang tu ve mat td chiic, cdn ddi sanh tdng quat la ddi sarUi dupe thuc hien cac don vi so sanh khdng gidng ve td chdc nhung van cd nhiing quy frinh boat dpng tuong ty, va vi the cd the hpc hdi dupc ciia 122 He thdng phan loai theo Camp (1989) [4], fren co sd ap dung ddi sanh cho doanh nghiep, cdn ddi vdi cac ca so giao due thi sao? Trong mdt nd luc de co thi ap dung ddi sanh ddi vdi gido due, Appleby (1999) [3] da dua he thing phan Ioai phu hpp vdi giao due vdi cac li giai sau: He thdng phan loai khong dat nang viec ddi sanh vdi ai, ma quan frpng hon la giup cac trudng hpc fra ldi nhiing cau hdi ddi sanh dl lam gl va doi TAP CHi KHOA HOC DHSP TPHCM sanh nhu thi nao? Theo Appleby, mdt dan vi thuc hien ddi sanh nhim vao mdt frong cac muc tieu sau: (i) Ddi sanh dl hilu rd hien trang ciia chinh minh; (ii) Ddi sanh de xac dinh khoang each giira minh va cac chuan myc khach quan ben ngoai ma minh mudn dat; Va (iii) Ddi sanh nham hpc hdi nhiing phuong phap thuc hanh tdt nhat tir ben ngoai dl triln khai tai don vi Ba muc tieu khdng tdn tai ddc lap, ma ket hpp vdi mot he thdng thu bac, cac myc tieu di tu thap den cao tren dudng tu cai tien ciia mot co sd giao dye, Yarrow gpi la phuang thiic ddi sanh (Benchmarking Modes), dd la: Doi sanh trac Iirgmg {Metric Benchmarking) la mpt phuang phap thudng ap dung san xuat kinh doanh va dich vu de so sanh mdt don vi/bd phan vdi nhiing don vi/bd ph&i khac hoac frong ciing mdt he thdng hoac ben ngoai he thdng (Appleby 1999:61) [3], Day thudng la budc diu tien viec ap dyng ddi sanh quan trj co sd giao due Phuang phap giiip cac nha quan li nim dupc nhiing thdng tin nhanh ve boat dpng cua dan vi, chang h ^ , ti le GV/ HS hay ti le can bp quan li trgn sd ldp, hoac ti le chi phi binh quan fren dau HS, sd HS tren mpt may tinh.v.v Nhiing ket qua frac lupng nhu vay vira de hieu, vira tao dieu kien cho viec so sanh chinh xac giiia don vj vdi don vi khac hoSc so sanh cdng mpt don vi nhung d cac thdi diem khac Ching ban, danh gia chu ki nam giai dogn 1995-1997, theo dilu le trudng HdSyAnh hpc cua trudng tilu hpc Monash (mdt trudng tieu hpc thupc viing ngoai d Ddng Nam Melbourne - Australia) [8] la mpt bao cao ddi sanh frac lupng cua mpt don vj frong cac thdi diem khac Hien viec ap dung ddi sanh trie lupng rit phd bien quan li giao due d cac nudc tren thi gidi D6i sanh chin doan {Diagnostic Benchmarking): Ddi sanh chin doan la xac djnh nhiing chd cdn yeu hay khoang each ciia dem vi minh vdi muc tieu dat ra, va cy the hda qua cac chuan ddi sanh chinh don vi minh lya chpn Ddi sanh chan doan bd sung rat tdt cho phuang phap ddi sanh frac lupng, vi nd khdng chi thu thap sd lieu va thyc hien so sanh rdi rac giQ-a ben (ti le may tinh tren HS, ti le GV/HS ) Ngupc lai, nd ddi hdi ngudi tham gia phai cd cai nhin tdng hpp ve toan bp qua trinh boat dpng tu diu vao den ket qua dau ra, de vira ludng khoang each vdi thuc te va mong dpi cua mpt don vi, vira xac dinh nguyen nhan gay khoang each do, de cd bien phap cai thien thich hpp Trong ddi sanh chan doan, chuan myc hay gpi la chuan ddi sanh, la mdt tyu ma don vi khac dat dupc, tuc la so sanh dan vi minh vdi mpt dan vi khac tdt hon, frong ty danh gia ciia kilm dinh chit lupng thi chuin myc chinh la bd tieu chuan chat lupng CO quan kiem dinh dat Ddi sanh quy trinh {Process Benchmarking): Ddi sanh quy hinh la nghien ciiu, hpc hdi tir ddi tac dl tim giai phap va vach Id trinh dua mdt don vi den dich Nhu vay, frong he thdng phan loai TAP CHi KHOA HOC DHSP TPHCM Sd 11(77) ndm 201S phat trien khai niem ddi sanh chuyin cua Appleby (1999) [3], chi cd ddi sanh sang ap dyng cho quan li giao due Ro quy trinh mdi thuc sy giup ich cho mdt don rang, Appleby khdng loai trir ma bd sung vi nhilu hon Trong he thdng cua Appleby, cho Camp, hoac ndi dung ban la bao cac loai ddi sanh cua Camp (1989) [4] triim len Camp, cac loai ddi sanh ciia dupc dua vao mot he thdng ddi sanh Camp la he thdng ciia he thing cua ddi sanh quy trinh, ddng thdi bd Appleby Mdt van de dupe de cap kha sui^ them mdt loai ddi sanh nua sau sac, cung chinh la diem khac Ddi sank ngi bg: So sanh cac quy giua he thdng cua Appleby va Camp, la: trinh gidng giiia cac bd phan cd boat Ci he thdng Camp chi phan biet cac loai dpng tucmg ty frong mdt don vi de chia se ddi sanh khac mpt each ngang hang, thyc tiln tdt nhitfrongndi bd don vj cdn d he thdng Appleby la he thdng doi Ddi sdnh cgnh tranh: Xac dinh sanh cd cap bac, gdm bac tir thap den khoang each frong hoat ddng va qua cua dan v j minh vdi ddi thu tryc tiep cao, dd la: (i) Ddi sanh frac lupng dl tu hieu minh; (ii) Ddi sanh chan doan de xac va nguyen nhan cua khoang each de dinh khoang each cua minh vdi muc tieu tim each rut ngan cin dat; va (iii) Ddi sanh quy trinh de hoc Doi sdnh chirc ndng: So sanh each hdi tu ngudi lam tdt hon minh nham muc trien khai nhiing quy trinh hoat dpng dich cai tiln day, cau hdi ddi sanh de tuong tu giiia cac dem vi khac frong lam gi the hien rat ro cimg mdt lmh vuc (khdng phai la ddi thii Van dung doi sanh vao tnrdng canh tranh) de hpc hdi tu thyc tien tdt nhat hpp cac tnrdng THPT d tinh Ba Ria Doi sdnh tong qudt: Xac dinh Vung Tau nguyen nhan cua sy cdng frong cac quy trinh cdt loi cua nhirng don vi khac Nghien cuu ddi sanh, chung tdi ap va tim each hpc hdi ve dan vi minh dung thu nghiem ddi vdi cac trudng THPT cua tinh BR-VT tu ngudn dO lieu Ddi sdnh theo nhdm {Group Benchmarking): Dupc thuc hien bdi mdt cd dupc cua he thdng EMIS.FSR, cac nhom cac don \ i frong cung mpt ITnh vyc budc tien hanh nhu sau: hoac thupc nhieu ITnh vyc khac nhung cd 2.1 Dinh nghTa phgm vi cimg mdt mdi quan tam chung Chang Pham vi ap dung so sanh la cac han ddi sanh giua mdt sd trudng dai hpc trudng THPT ngang hang (Peer High khdi EU la ddi sanh theo nhdm Schools), la nhiing trudng THPT cd chat Nhu vay, cac nha khoa hpc, nha lupng tdt nhat cua mdi huyen, giao due da cd sy nghien cuu va md rdng frong tmh BR-VT de van dyng ddi sanh frong san xuit, kmh 2.2 Lua chgn mdu trien khai doanh cho ITnh vyc giao due So sanh he Vdi yeu cau la so sanh cac trudng thong phan loai cua Camp (1989) [4] va ngang hang (Peer Schools), chung tdi da cua Appleby (1999) [3], ta thiy rd sy chpn cac trudng THPT cd chit lupng tit 124 TAP CHi KHOA HOC DHSP TPHCM nhat cua cac dan vi buypn, phd Mdi dan vi chpn mdt trudng (tru huyen Cdn Dao) Tinh BR-VT cd huy?n, phd, chung tdi da phoi hop Sd GD&DT chpn trudng, la cac trudng THPT: Vung Tau {TP VUng Tdu), Trin Van Quan {H Long Diin), Xuyen Mpc {H Xuyen Moc), Nguyin Du (H Chdu Dire), Vd Thi Sau (// Ddt Dd), Chau Thanh {TP Bd Ria) va Phu My (// Tdn Thdnh) Chung tdi da ma hda trudng A, trudng B, trudng C, trudng D, trudng E, trudng F va trudng G 2.3 Phuong phdp ludng cdc chi sd va thu thgp dit lieu 2.3.1 Phuang phdp luang: Theo phuang phap toan hpc de tinh ti le phin tram hay binh quan (BQ) sd lupng cua mpt dgi Iupng nao Vi du: Ti le phSn trSm hpc lyc gidi tren toan bp HS cua trudng hoac sd HS fren mdi ldp 2.3.2 Cdc chi so: Chung tdi da chpn linh vyc lam tru cdt de so sanh, danh gia, la nhung ITnh vyc anh hudng den chat lupng cua mpt nha trudng, la: LTnh vyc HS (6 chi sd); LTnh vyc ngudn nhan lyc (8 chi sd); LTnh vyc ca sd vat chat (6 chi sd); LTnh vyc chat lupng hpc tap va ren luyen (7 chi sd) 2.3.3 Phuang phdp thu thdp die lieu: Thu thap dii lieu tir cac tap tin Excel hd so trudng, thu thap dii lieu vl thi tdt nghiep THPT va dilm thi tuyen sinh dai hpc nam hpc 2011-2012 Cue Cdng nghe thdng tin - Bd Giao dye va Dao tao (GD&DT) cdng bd fren Website cua Bd Tap tin Excel hd sa trudng la tap tin Bp HoSyAnh GD&DT tao lap mau cho timg loai hinh trudng de thu thap thdng tin diy du vl mdt trudng vao diu nam va cudi nam, tdng cpng CO 1.080 thdng tin cua mot trudng frong tap tin hd so trudng dau nam va cudi nam 2.4 Kit qud thue kiin ddi sdnh Vdi cac budc tien hanh nbu tren, chiing tdi da xay dyng bao cao ddi sanh cho trudng THPT, vdi cac ket qua sau: - Thuc hien ket ndi dii lieu va ket xuat tap tin Excel vdi 27 chi sd cua ITnh vuc neu fren Dya tren tap tin nay, chung tdi da lap 27 bang va 27 bieu dd, frong khudn khd bai bao chi dua bieu dd cua ITnh vyc, mdi ITnh vuc mdt bieu de minh hpa - Xay dyng cac bang va bieu dd de so sanh tat ca cac chi sd ciia mdt trudng vdi gia fri binh quan cua trudng (gia tri nay, dupc coi la "diem chuan" de so sanh) - Lap bang tdng hpp ciia 27 chi sd, cung cap cho mdt sd hieu trudng trudng THPT, vdi cac cau hdi: Neu dng la hieu trudng trudng A, dng se cai tien nhirng chi sd nao? Hay ndi each khac dng da hpc hdi dupc gi tir nhiing trudng cdn lai? Sau dd, lay y kien phan hdi tu cac hieu trudng de minh chung cho lpi ich cua ddi sanh 2.5 Bdng tdng hgp chi so cda ITnh vuc De cd mpt cai nhin tdng quan ve diy dli cac chi sd, giup hieu trudng cac trudng so sanh, danh gia va nit nhung van de can cai tien cua trudng minh Phin mim EMIS.FSR da xuit bang tdng hpp sau (bang 1) 125 SS 11(77) nam 2015 TAP CHi KHOA HOC DHSP TPHCM Bdng Tdng hgp 27 chisd (thong tin dugc Idytirhdsa trudng dig cdc trudng THPT tinh Bd Ria - VUng tdu ndm hgc 2011-2012) TT Chi so Binh quan s6 HS/lap Ti le % HS nir Ti le % Ban caban Ti le % HS nghe PT Ti le % HS mai tuyen Ti le % HS dien CS (ke ca hp ngheo) Tnrong A Tnrdng Tmitng Tnrong Truong D E C B I Hoc sinh va cong tic tuyen sinh Tnrdng Tnrdng BQ7 F G tnrdng 39,7 39,7 40,3 37,5 36,6 35,7 34,0 373 61,5 59,9 60,3 61,9 58,2 51,1 63,9 59,6 100,0 82,7 64,3 100,0 100,0 100,0 100,0 M^ 33,8 32,8 33,5 36,9 33,0 34,2 33,2 333 30,3 27,4 • 30,9 31,9 36,3 36,8 33,2 32J 1,8 10,6 60,4 6,1 5,9 6,2 4,6 14,0 2,35 2,48 2,25 2,24 2,27 2,13 2,21 2J8 16,9 16,0 17,9 16,7 16,1 16,8 15,4 16,6 456 327 363 347 500 381 247 369 203 131 182 173 150 114 123 1S2 76,9 64,6 48,1 60,2 66,7 52,9 68,8 63,4 8,3 6,1 4,9 4,8 4,3 5,9 0,0 a 32,4 30,5 24,7 26,5 26,6 26,5 15,6 •1A» 45,4 33,8 74,4 90,9 76,1 89,6 69,6 67J n NgDon nhan luc 10 11 12 13 14 Ti le QV/lop 80 So HS/Giaovien So HS/lcan bp quan li So HS/I nhan vien Ti le % GV nir Ti Ij % GV tren chuan Ti le % GV day gioi (do So cong nhan) Ti le % GV xep loai xuat sac m Cc siir vat chat va tii chinh 15 16 126 BQ dien tich (m-'/HS So HS/may 20,3 9,0 11,0 19,0 14,7 14,2 30,4 16,6 21 15 36 24 14 14 TAP CHi KHOA HOC BHSP TPHCM HoSyAnh tinh 17 18 19 20 So lop/may Projector Ti le phdng hpc/s6 ldp So ldp/01 phdng bp mon Kinh phi chi cho chuyen mon /I HS (lOOOd) 21 11 1,0 1,0 0,7 0,9 1,0 1,0 1,0 1,0 7,7 5,5 7,0 18,5 5,9 4,0 3,2 5,9 600,0 1.238,0 315,5 468,6 472.0 350,3 1.110,5 627,7 IV Chat lirong hoc tap, ren luyen 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 Ti le % diem N ngiJ gidi Ti le % diem Van gidi Ti le % diem Toan gidi Ti 1? % hpc lire gioi Ti le % hanh kiem tot Ti le % TNTHPT 2012 BQ tdng diem mdn thi DH 2012 42,7 17,0 13,8 31,4 1,5 52,7 9,6 5,3 10,0 10,2 173 1.9 1,1 5,3 2,9 4,7 8,5 31,7 32,7 25,3 10,4 34,2 27,8 31,8 40,1 14,7 5,5 7,2 2,7 10,4 11,9 14,7 95,3 85,9 84,8 59,1 70,7 85,9 81,2 80,6 100,0 97,3 98,6 99,2 97,3 99,2 100,0 98,8 16,2 13,17 12,53 12,5 11,97 11,17 11,92 12,78 2.6 Bdng so li^u vd biiu so sdnh cdc ITnh vire Trong bao cao gui Sd GD&DT Ba Rja - Vung Tau va cac trudng THPT dupc chpn mau, chung tdi da dua 27 bang kem theo 27 bieu dd Tuy nhien, khudn khd bai vilt nay, chiing tdi dua bilu dd de ban dpc hinh dung ve "Diem chuan" va su so sanh "Diem chuan" ma chung tdi chpn so sanh chinh la gia tri binh quan chi so nao ciia trudng Vi dy: binh quan sd HS fren ldp, binh quan sd HS tren mot may tinh 2.6.1 LTnh vuc HS 127 So 11(77) nam 2015 TAP CHi KHOA HOC DHSP TPHCM Bdng Chi sa binh qudn s6 HS/ldp Trirdng B 39,7 Tnrong A 39,7 So HS/ldp Trudng C 40,3 Trudng D 37,5 Tnrdng E 36,6 Trudng F 35,7 Tnrdng G 34,0 BQ7 tnrcmg 37,8 Biiu dd Biiu diin binh qudn so HS/lap cua trudng % I •8 42.0 40.0 38.0 36.0 34.0 32-0 30.0 ' _Di -\ — Tru^ngTru'd'ngTru'D'ngTru'd'ngTru'frngTru'd'ngTru'O'ng BQ A B C D E F G tru-d-ng Tru-d-ng THPT Bang cho thiy, trudng cd sd HS/ldp cao hem mirc binh quan trudng va trudng dudi miic binh quan trudng Mac dii tat ca cac trudng diu d dudi muc quy dinh ciia Bd GD&DT (khdng qua 45 HS/ldp), nhien, chung ta thiy Trudng G til nhit (34HS/ldp) va trudng C kem nhit (40,3 HS/ldp) 2.6.2 LTnh vue nguon nhdn luc Bang Chi so Binh qudn so GV/ldp So GV/ldp Trudng A Trudng B Trudng C Trudng D Trudng E Trudng F Trudng G BQ7 trudng 2,3 2,5 2,3 2,2 2,3 2,1 2,2 2,3 Bieu Bieu dien binh qudn so GV/ldp ciia trudng S6 giao uen/lp Toro-ng Tnjirng Truo-ng Tnitrng Trudrng Torerng Tn/drng BQ A B O D E F G tr\/£rng Trif&ng THPT 128 TAP CHi KHOA HOC DHSP TPHCM HoSyAnh Bang cho thay tnrcmg co sis GV tren lop thip hem va trucmg co s6 GV m6i ldp cao hon binh quan ciia truong va Truong B co s6 GV tren lop t6t nhat, du GV cho viec day bu6i/ngay (2,5 GV/lcjp) va Trucmg F la kem nhit chi 2,1 GV/16p, chua dat quy dinh ciia Bo GD&DT (voi THPT la 2,15 GV/lop) 2.6.3 LTnh vuc ca sd vdt chdt Bdng Chi s6 sd HS/01 mdy linh SdHS/ may tinh Trudng A Trudng B Tnrdng C Trucmg D Trudng E Trudng F Trudng G BQ7 trudng 20,5 14,5 36,3 23,5 14,4 6,2 8,0 13,9 Biiu dd Bieu diin so HS/mdy linh cua trudng So HS/m^y tfnh 40.0 35.0 30.0 25,0 20,0 15.0 10.0 5.0 0,0 13^9 a S6 HS/may tinir Tru'b'ngTru'b'ngTru'b'ngTru'd'ngTru'b'ngTru'b'ngTru'b'ng BQ A B C D E F G tru-a-ng TriPbTig THPT Bang cho thiy trudng cd so HS tren rapt may tinh cao ban muc binh quan trudng va trudng tren Nhu vay, trudng tdt nhat la Trudng F va trudng kem nhat la Trudng C 2.6.4 Linh vue Chdt luang gido due Bang Chl so binh qudn Idng diem mon lhi tuyen sinh BH ndir 2012' BQ tdng diem mon thi BH 2012 Trudng A Trudng B Trudng C Trudng D Trudng E Trudng F Trudng G BQ7 trudng 16,2 13,2 12,5 12,5 12,0 11,2 11,9 12,8 129 So 11(77) ndm 2015 TAP CHi KHOA HOC DHSP TPHCM Biiu dd Bieu dien Unh qudn ldng diim mdn thi luyin sinh dgi hgc ndm 2012 cua trudng OiSm Binh quSn rr m T r u - * no T H P T Bang cho thiy co trudng binh quan tdng diem mdn thi dai hpc nam 2012 cao ban muc binh quan cua trudng va trudng co binh quan tdng diem mdn thi thip hon binh quan trudng Trudng tdt nhit la Trudng A va trudng kem nhat la Trudng F 2.6.5 So sdnh cdc chi sd eua mgt trudng vai binh qudn truang Ngoai viec so sanh timg chi sd mpt ddi vdi "didm chuan" la binh quan chi so cua trudng Benchmarking giao diac cd dua each so sanh khac, dd la so sanh tit ca cac sd chi sd ciia mpt trudng vdi binh quan timg chi sd cua trudng (xem bang 6, bang 7) Bdng So sdnh cdc chi sd ca sd vdt chdt Trudng C vdi binh qudn trudng BQ m'/HS S6HS/ may tinh Sdldp/ Projector So phong hoc/so ldp S6 ldp/1 phong bpmdn Truorng C 11,0 36 5,0 0,7 7,0 BQ tnrdng 16,6 13,9 5,9 5,9 Bang cho thay chi s6 dua so sanh, Tniong C co chi s6 kem hon mirc binh quan cua trudng Do la cac chi s6: binh quan dien tich tren mdi HS, so HS tren moi may tinh, s6 phong hoc tren s6 \ap, s6 Icjp tren mgt phong b6 mon Co nhat 01 chi so la so Icjp tren mot projector la tdt hon binh quan trudng Bdng Bdng so sdnh chi sd chdt lugng HS trudng C vdi binh qudn trudng' BQ diem mon DH Ti le % HS gidi Toan Tnrdng C 12,5 BQ tnrdng 12,8 130 Ti le% HS cd HL gidi Tile%HS coHKtet 13,8 5,5 84,4 17,3 14,7 80,6 Ti II % HS gidi Van Ti le % HS gidi N.ngir 32,7 1,1 31,8 8,5 TAP CHi KHOA HOC DHSP TPHCM Bang cho thiy chi sd so sanh, Trudng C cd chi sd kem hon binh quan cua trudng va chi so tdt ban binh quan cua trudng Nhu vay, 11 chi sd chung tdi dua hai bang va 7, Trudng C cd chi sd kem ban muc binh quan cua trudng va chi cd chi sd tdt hon mirc binb quan cua trudng Do dd, Trudng C cin phai cai tien nhieu 2.7 Li gidi ve cdch lua chgn ede chisd Trong 27 chi sd chiing tdi lya chpn, chac chan chua day du cac chi sd cd anh hudng den chat lupng giao due Ngoai cac chi sd dinh luong rd rang nhu: binh quan dien tich (met vudng) tren mdt HS, binh quan sd HS tren mpt may tinh Chung tdi da chpn mdt sd chi sd gian tiep nham danh gia dieu kien HS cung nhu chat luong dpi ngu Chang h^n, ti le phan Uam sd HS dien chinh sach (cd ca HS hp ngheo), ti le cang cao, cd HoSyAnh nghia dieu kien hpc tap cua HS trudng dd khd khan hoac ti le HS ban ca ban, trudng cd 100% ban co ban, se khdng tdt bang trudng dupc phan chia HS theo nhieu ban, phu hpp vdi nguyen vpng va kha nang cua cac em Hoac ti le sd HS tren mdt can bp quan li, neu sd cang cao thi kha nang quan li cua lanh dao trudng dd tdt hon Ti le GV dat trinh dp dao tao tren chuan thi rit ro, nhung chung tdi da dua them chi sd la ti Ie phan tram GV day gidi dupc Sd GD&DT cdng nhan va ti le phan tram GV xep loai xuat sac cudi nam trudng tu xep loai, de xem viec danh gia cua Sd cd ddng dieu vdi danh gia cua trudng khdng Dua vao cac lap luan tren, tir bang 1, chung tdi da dua bang the hien timg linh vuc, mpt trudng co bao nhieu chi sd tdt hon so vdi "'diem chuan", la gia tri binh quan cua trudng Bangs Bang sg sdnh chi sd cua ITnh vuc chdl luang HS TriTcmg LTnh vuc HS LTnh vuc nguon nhan luc LTnh vuc c a sd vat chat LTnh V|rc chat Iu(?ng hoc tgp, ren luy?n ciia HS A B C D E F G 4/6 6/8 2/6 5/6 7/8 3/6 5/6 1/8 0/6 2/6 2/8 2/6 2/6 3/8 3/6 3/6 3/8 3/6 4/6 3/8 5/6 7/7 4/7 in 1/7 0/7 3/7 1/7 Bang cho thiy Trucmg A la trucmg CO chit luong hpc tap va ren luyen cua HS tdt nhit, Truang B dung thii hai va Trucmg E co chit luong thip nhit VS t6ng quan ta thdy, ITnh vuc HS va ngu6n nhan Iuc Trucmg A va B t6t hon cac trucmg khac Nhu vay, ITnh vuc HS va GV la nhQng ITnh vuc co anh huong nhiSu nhit den chiit lucmg giao due C3 day, chung toi nhan thay mpt dieu kha thu vi la nhirng truong co chat lucrng cao thucmg co xu huong tu danh gia, xep loai ciia GV chat che va nghiem tuc hon trudng chat lupng thap (xem chi 131 So 11(77) ndm 2015 TAP CHi KHOA HOC DHSP TPHCM sd thir 14 bang 1) Nhu vay, viec danh gia GV nghiem tuc cd tac dung tdt ddn nang cao chat luong cua nha trudng Mat khac, vi lmh vijc co sd vat chat cd anh hudng den chat lupng giao due nhung khdng phai la yeu td quyet dinh (bang the hien rd) 2.8 Ket qud Umg dung thuc te Sau cac hieu trudng thao luan va dua mdt sd nhan djnh nhu trudng nao la trudng tdt nhat, yeu td nao ddng vai tro tich cyc viec nang cao chit Iupng giao due Dong thdi cac hieu trudng tra ldi cau hdi: Neu dng la hieu trudng Trudng A, Trudng B, Trudng C thi dng cai tifin nbiJng chi sd nao? Cudi cung, chung toi da thdng bao ten trudng cu the ciia cac trudng da dupc ma hda Bdng Ten trudng THPT day du sau gidi md Ma Trudng THPT Huyen A Vung Tau TP Vung tau B Chau Thanh TP BaRja C Nguyen Du Chau Due Nhieu hieu trucmg rat dong tinh vol danh gia chiit lupng theo ket qua ma he thong chung toi da dua Vin d6 ma cac hieu trudng tam dac la chi cho hp nhflng chi s6 nao ho da t6t, chi so nao la chua tot, chi so nao anh hudng nhiSu nhit d& tich hpc tap ciia HS Mpt s6 hieu trudng da de nghi chung toi so sanh, danh gia theo phuong phap tren ddi vdi nam hpc 2012 - 2013, de cd su danh gia, so sanh theo qua trinh Ket luan Viec xay dung he thdng E1V11S.FSR la timg budc img dung cong nghe thong tin nghien ciiu khoa hpc theo dinh huiing ciia Vien Nghien cuu Giao due Vcji viec van dung doi sanh truang hop tren \k budc diu tiep can ddi sanh giao due Tuy nhien, cd vin dd dat ra, dd la: Doi sanh la mpt ITnh vuc mdi va 132 D Xuyen Moc Xuyen Moc E Phu My Phu My F Tran Van Quan Tan Thanh G V5Thi Sau Dit Do rpng 1cm can dau tu nghien ciru mot each day dil va sau sac de cd nhihig irng dung phil hpp vdi giao due Viet Nam Mpt he thong irng dung ddi sanh tot la he thong xac dinh dupc cac tieu chi, chi so so sanh dam bao khoa hpc, chinh xac, va chi sd cd the thay doi theo timg nam Day chiith la tinh mem deo va linh hoat ciia doi sanh so vdi tu danh gid kiem djnh chit lupng giap due Can phai diu tu ve ngudn luc ii xay dung mpt he thong ddi sanh vdi ccf sd lieu SQL Server ttrong tu he thdng EBIE cua Australia, he thdng mang ten Doi sanh cac truong hpc Viet Nam (Benchmaking In Vietnammese'Schpols BIVS) Lam dugc diSu se phat huy hieu qua ciia ddi sanh giao due, gdp phin ddi mcM cdng tac danh gii chit lupng giao due hien TAP CHi KHOA HQC DHSP TPHCM m SyAnh 'Din theo Nguyin Kim Dung [6] 'Dan theo VQThi Phuong Anh, Lfi Qu6cThang [I] ^ Nguon: bariavungtau.edu.vn '- ' * Dilm binh quan mon thi tuy^n sinh dai hoc nam 2012 dugc tham khio tgi website bariavunglau.edu.vn va s6 lieu ti l| hpc sinh gioi c^c mon van h6a thu thap tir bao cao h6 sa tnicmg EMIS cu6i nSm hoc 2011-2012 ciia cac trucmg THPT dugc khao sit TAI LIEU THAM KHAO Vu Thi Phuong Anh, Le Qudc Thang (2011), Ddi sdnh qudn tri dgi hgc - Kinh nghiem thi gidi vd khd ndng ap dung tgi Viet Nam", Tgp chi Gido due vd Phdt triin, sd 9, thang 01/2011, TP.HCM Hd Sy Anh (2012), Bude ddu xdy dung hi thong thong tin qudn li gido due phue vu cdng tdc nghiin ciru khoa hge, Nien giam khoa hpc 2011-2012 eiia Vien Nghien cuu Giao due, Trudng Dai hpc Su pham TPHCM Appleby (1999) Benchmarking Theory - Aframworkfor the Business wordat content for its applycation in hight Education In Smith at al 1999, Charter 3, pp 53-69 Camp, R.C (1989), Benchmarking: The Search for Industry Best Practices That Lead to Superior Performance Milwaukee, WI: ASQC Quality Press Nguyen Kim Dung, Pham Xuan Thanh (2003), "Mpt sd khai niem thudng diing dam bao chat lupng d^i hpc", Tgp ehi Gido due, sd 66, thang 9/2003, Ha Ndi Nguyen Kim Dimg (2011), Sir dung ehudn doi sdnh ddnh gid: xu the gido due hien Tai lieu tap huan ve ddi sanh giao due Vien Nghien cdu Giao due td chuc thang 02/2011 Dy an SREM (2010), lfng dung cong nghe thong tin qudn li truang hgc, Nxb Hi Npi Geoff Noblett & ctg (1998) Monash Primary School Triennial Review for the School Charter period 1995 - 1997, Melbourne - Ausfralia, 10-1998 Julie Brinker & Andrew Benson (2011) Benchmarking Ohio's school Districs: Identifying that get more for their money in non-instructional spending Copy Right 2011 by Knowledge Word Foundation, Ohio, 6-2011 10 Kempner, D.E (1993) The Pilot Years: The Growth of the NACUBO Benchmarking Project NACUBO Business Officer, 27(6), 21-31 133 TAP CHi KHOA HOC DHSP TPHCM So 11(77) ndm 2015 11 K R McKinnon, S H Walker & D Davis (2000) Benchmarking - A manual for Australian Universities © Commonwealth of Australia 1999; ISBX 642 23971 1: (htlp://science uniserve edu au/coiirses/benehmarking/benehmarking_manual.pdf) 12 PhilipsKPA (2011) Electronic Benchmarking In Education PhillipsKPA Pty Ltd ABN 71 347 991 372 Tai lieu tap huan ve ddi sanh giao due Vien Nghien cim Giao due td chiic thang 02/2011 13 Shafer, B.S & Coate, L.E (1992) Benchmarking in Higher Education: A Tool for Improving Quality and Reducing Cost Business Officer 26(5) 28-35 14 UBND tinh Ba R i a - V i i n g Tau (2012), £>e d« Quy hogch phdt trien gido due va dao tgo tinh Bd Ria - Vung Tdu giai dogn 2012-2015 tdm nhin den ndm 2020 15 Website: http://Myschool.edu.au (Ngay Tda so$n nhan dwc^c b^i- 05-5-2015; ng^ypfiSn bien danh gid: 25-&-2015: ch^p nfiSn dSng 24-11-2015) ... nhan luc 10 11 12 13 14 Ti le QV/lop 80 So HS/Giaovien So HS/lcan bp quan li So HS/I nhan vien Ti le % GV nir Ti Ij % GV tren chuan Ti le % GV day gioi (do So cong nhan) Ti le % GV xep loai xuat... su so sanh "Diem chuan" ma chung tdi chpn so sanh chinh la gia tri binh quan chi so nao ciia trudng Vi dy: binh quan sd HS fren ldp, binh quan sd HS tren mot may tinh 2.6.1 LTnh vuc HS 127 So. .. luc Bang Chi so Binh qudn so GV/ldp So GV/ldp Trudng A Trudng B Trudng C Trudng D Trudng E Trudng F Trudng G BQ7 trudng 2,3 2,5 2,3 2,2 2,3 2,1 2,2 2,3 Bieu Bieu dien binh qudn so GV/ldp ciia