MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND TRAINING DUY TAN UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF ENGLISH GRADUATION THESIS NGUYEN THI KIEU OANH THE ANALYSIS OF A SUGGESTED TRANSLATION OF CHAPTER 8 FROM THE BOOK “THE MAGIC IN YOUR MI.
INTRODUCTION
Rationale
Life presents us with various challenges that test our courage, often reminding us that while ten percent of events are due to chance, ninety percent stem from our choices It’s essential to seek the silver lining in situations that seem unfavorable, as our thoughts significantly influence our behavior Negative emotions can cloud our perspective, making it difficult to recognize the positives around us However, by adopting an objective viewpoint when faced with the unexpected, we can uncover the goodness and beauty within challenges Embracing the potential to transform adversity into opportunity fosters a constructive mindset and encourages continuous improvement.
A positive outlook can significantly ease the challenges and difficulties of life Many people today lack a sense of purpose, merely existing rather than truly living, which leads to a disconnection from the joy of being alive As a result, individuals often struggle to find genuine happiness, especially those who carry the weight of responsibility.
In "The Magic In Your Mind," U.S Andersen emphasizes the significance of maintaining positive and productive thoughts for goal-oriented individuals, highlighting that such mindset is crucial for distinguishing between mediocrity and extraordinary success This article will specifically translate and analyze Chapter 8, "OVERCOMING OPPOSITION," from English to Vietnamese, providing essential insights to facilitate readers' understanding The aim is to equip those interested in this subject with valuable knowledge and information for a clearer comprehension of the concepts presented.
Aims and Objectives
This research aims to assess the English translation of "The Magic In Your Mind" through lexical, syntactic, and interpretive lenses to enhance my translation and analytical skills The findings will propose effective solutions to address challenges related to translation, terminology, and structural issues.
After completing my graduation paper, I acquired the following targets:
- To sum up knowledge I learned in the past.
- To get more knowledge about translating a social media document and help me get experience in book translating
- To firmly seize how to translate and analyze difficult words and challenging structures.
- To give a translated version of the book, while helping the reader understand his own mind and how to transcend himself.
- To remove language barriers to help Vietnamese people understand clearly the book.
Scope of the Study
This article focuses on the translation of "The Magic In Your Mind" by U.S Andersen (2012), providing an analysis of the suggested translation and addressing challenges encountered by students in tourism translation Additionally, it offers essential solutions to these difficulties, aiming to enhance understanding and proficiency in the field.
"The Magic in Your Mind" reveals a transformative mental magic that empowers individuals to break free from self-imposed limitations and achieve greater success It emphasizes that true accomplishment begins with a profound belief in the mental origins of our experiences By changing one's inner world, a person can effectively alter their outer reality, as everything they encounter reflects their own awareness This book guides readers to shift their mindset and perspective, unlocking the power of mental visualization to align with their goals and realize their true potential.
In the book, a highly motivated man transforms his life, demonstrating that anyone can overcome personal challenges and embrace their ordinary humanity It is likely that some readers may feel lost or lack purpose, but this story serves as a powerful reminder that change is possible After engaging with this narrative, individuals can discover their own motivation and learn to rise above their circumstances, recognizing that life itself is a remarkable gift.
This book features 12 chapters spanning 254 pages, but due to time constraints, I have translated select sections from Chapter 8, titled "OVERCOMING OPPOSITION." This chapter consists of 15 sections and contains a total of 4,039 words, focusing on strategies to navigate and overcome challenges.
"The Magic in Your Mind" reveals the transformative power of the mind, illustrating how individuals can achieve freedom and personal growth by first altering their inner state It emphasizes that external circumstances are a reflection of one's own consciousness, underscoring the importance of inner change as a catalyst for outer change This insightful book is structured into several key sections.
12 chapters and the text I choose belongs to chapter 8 of the book
The text is divided into 10 different sections and it is organized as follows:
8 NO ENDEAVOR IS IN VAIN
"The Magic In Your Mind," published by Thomas Nelson & Sons in 1961, is authored by U.S Andersen, an American football player and self-help writer known for his short stories during the 1950s and 1960s.
Method of the study
- Reading (scanning and skimming) the whole document to get the key points.
- Reading the chapter that were carefully selected to obtain details
- Translating the language and taking notes on complicated terminologies, phrases, and text structures.
- Discussing terminologies, phrases, and structures with the administrator, coworkers, and relatives, and linking to such terminologies, expressions, and structures on the Internet.
- Finishing the text and presenting a proposed edition.
THEORETICAL BACKGROUND
Translation Theory
Translation theory, a key aspect of comparative linguistics, examines the relationships between languages It encompasses the translation process between any pair of related or unrelated languages or dialects, regardless of their spatial, temporal, or social contexts.
Translation is a multifaceted concept that can be understood in numerous ways, reflecting the diverse perspectives of individuals This variance in viewpoints leads to multiple definitions of translation, as linguists globally interpret it according to their unique insights Below are examples of these varying definitions.
Translation involves the process of converting the content of a text from the source language (SL) to the target language (TL) Essentially, it represents a transformation of form, where the original text is adapted into another language, reflecting its meaning in a new linguistic context.
“Translation is an operation performed on languages: a process of substituting a text in one langugage for a text in another” [Catford, J 1965]
“Translation is the process of finding a target language (TL) equivalent from a source language (SL) utterance.” [Pinhhuck , 1977]
“Translation is the expression in another language (TL) of what has been expressed in one language (SL), preserving semantic and stylistic equivalencies.”
Translation is the process of converting a message from a specific source language into a form that can be easily understood by readers of the target language This linguistic transformation ensures that the original meaning is preserved while making the content accessible to a new audience.
To summarize, translation is the process of translating a text from one language into another while maintaining the same semantics and literary style.
Types of categories
There are some types of categories of translation defined in terms of extent, levels, and ranks of translation.
The distinction relates to the extents of translation.
According to J.C Carford , there are two categories of tranlation: full and partial.
Translation groups can be categorized based on their scope, tiers, and rankings One primary type is full translation, where every component of the source text is accurately rendered into the target language.
In today's society, individuals face a relentless struggle with fear as they strive to earn a living This anxiety stems from the pressure to provide for themselves and their families, compounded by the realization that they are often just a small, replaceable part of a large corporation This sense of dispensability fosters a continuous feeling of insecurity that pervades their daily lives.
The Magic In Your Mind]
Trong xã hội hiện đại, mỗi cá nhân đang phải đối mặt với nỗi sợ hãi thường trực về tài chính Họ làm việc chăm chỉ để kiếm sống, nhưng luôn lo lắng rằng thu nhập không đủ cho bản thân và gia đình Dù được tuyển dụng bởi một công ty lớn, họ chỉ là những nhân viên bình thường, và sự thiếu tự tin về khả năng của bản thân khiến cho nỗi bất an trở nên ngày càng mạnh mẽ.
The underdog inspires admiration as he perseveres despite challenges, embodying resilience against overwhelming odds His relentless spirit resonates with our innate sense of empathy, tapping into deep-rooted cultural memories that celebrate perseverance and determination.
A person who refuses to give up and continually strives to face failure evokes a deep sense of empathy within us, connecting us to their resilience in the face of adversity In literary translation, it's common to leave certain phrases or terms untranslated, integrating them into the target language to preserve their essence or to add a touch of local flavor.
Examples: (1) “Tết Đoan Ngọ là một trong những ngày lễ Tết truyền thống ở
“Tet Doan Ngo”is one of the traditional Tet holidays in Vietnam.
(i)Total translation is defined that all levels of the SL text are replaced by TL material However, actually, there is a misunderstanding here because of the term
“total translation” We can’t replace all the levels of the SL to the TL, though total replacement is involved
Không có gì là mãi mãi.
J.C Catford defines restricted translation as the process of substituting source language (SL) text with equivalent target language (TL) text, but this substitution occurs at only one specific level This may involve changes solely at the phonological or graphological level, or it may focus exclusively on one of the two grammatical or lexical levels.
Example: (1) “There is a legend about a bird which sings just once in its life, more sweetly than any other creatures on the face of the earth.”
Có một truyền thuyết về một con chim chỉ hót một lần trong đời, nhưng nó hót ngọt ngào hơn bất cứ loại chim nào trên trái đất này.
Theo truyền thống của từng miền, vào ngày này, các món ăn và hoa quả có sự khác biệt Tại Hà Nội và một số khu vực miền Bắc, rượu nếp, đặc biệt là rượu nếp cẩm, là món ăn không thể thiếu.
On this day, traditional dishes vary by region, with each area featuring unique culinary customs In Hanoi and parts of Northern Vietnam, sticky wine, particularly black rice wine, is an essential part of the celebration.
According to A Linguistic Theory of Translation, J, C, Catford :
In the translation process, the translators also meet up with many problems that make them difficult to solve, for example phonological translation.
Phonological translation is a specialized form of translation where the source language (SL) phonology is substituted with equivalent target language (TL) phonology In this process, the grammar and vocabulary of the SL text are typically preserved in the TL text, with only minor grammatical or lexical deviations occurring as necessary.
Phonological translation can inadvertently lead to changes in grammar or vocabulary For instance, the English plural term "dogs" can create ambiguity in languages that lack a specific morpheme for pluralization, making it challenging to convey whether it refers to a "singular dog" or "plural dogs."
Principles and Methods of Translation
There are some general translation principles which are relevant to all types of translation.
In the translation process, adhering to established principles is crucial for translators Alan Duff outlines key general principles in his book "Translation," which are essential for effective translation across all contexts.
In his work "Translation," Alan Duff emphasizes that translation should accurately reflect the original text's meaning without any arbitrary additions or omissions A skilled translator must adhere to these principles to ensure fidelity to the source material.
- The meaning of original text must be clear, if not, we must find out the uncertain points.
- Some words are “loaded”, that is, are they containing underlying implications? (“correct me if I’m wrong…”suggests “I know I’m right”)
- Is the dictionary meaning of a particular word the most suitable one.
- Anything in the translation sounds unnatural or forced.
Example: “Given the green light, the project is now being under way.”
“Được bật đèn xanh, dự án giờ đây đang được triển khai rồi.”
In A Duff's translation guidelines, it is essential for a translator to pay attention to the arrangement of words and ideas This careful consideration ensures that the translation closely aligns with the intended meaning and provides the most appropriate equivalent in the target language.
Example:Never in my life have I seen such a strange behavior.
Trong cuộc đời tôi chưa bao giờ thấy cách cư xử kì lạ như thế.
Languages vary significantly in formality based on context, making it essential for interpreters to carefully analyze the tone set by the writer or speaker This attention to detail helps distinguish between formal phrases and personal expressions, ensuring accurate and effective translations.
Example: Please hand in your key at the desk.
Xin gửi chìa khóa ở quầy tiếp tân.
Idioms is one of the important parts in the translation According to A.Duff
“Idiomatic expressions are notoriously untranslatable These include similes, metaphor, proverbs, sayings (as good as gold), jargons, slangs, colloquialisms and phrasal verbs.”
If translators cannot directly translate the expressions, they should consider some followings:
Preserve the original word, in inverted commas.
Keep the original expression, with a literal explanation in brackets.
Use a non-idiomatic or plain prose translation.
Example: Love me, love my dog.
Yêu nhau yêu cả đường đi, ghét nhau ghét cả tông ti họ hàng.
A Duff emphasizes the importance of preserving the original style in translation, but he also suggests that translators should rectify any instances of poor writing or unnecessary repetition that do not impact the overall meaning, in order to enhance the reading experience for their audience.
E xample: This problem is getting to be more and more difficult to solve.
Vấn đề này ngày càng khó giải quyết hơn.
A frequent critique of translations is that they often lack a natural flow, primarily due to the original text's strong influence on the translator's vocabulary choices To mitigate this effect, translators can set aside the source language text and translate a few sentences from memory, allowing for a more authentic expression This approach helps to break away from the thought patterns of the source language, resulting in a more coherent and natural translation.
Example: I had my hair cut.
Tôi đã đi cắt tóc
Situational context encompasses the various conditions and circumstances that shape the interpretation of a text, often making these influences less apparent than linguistic factors Key elements of situational context include micro-level cues such as facial expressions, movements, and stances, alongside broader social, political, economic, and cultural contexts Additionally, conventions and belief systems can differ significantly across traditions and civilizations, further impacting how texts are understood.
Word-for-word translation, also known as literal translation, involves converting text from one language to another one word at a time, regardless of whether the original meaning is preserved This method is often associated with the translation of scholarly, academic, technological, or legal documents within translation studies.
Example : She plays sports very well.
Cô ấy chơi thể thao rất giỏi.
Literal translation serves as a pre-translation process, where the grammatical structures of the source language (SL) are converted to their closest equivalents in the target language (TL) In this method, lexical words are translated individually without considering the surrounding context.
Example : (1) She is deaf to all his advice.
Cô ấy lơ đi tất cả những lời khuyên của anh ta
A faithful translation strives to accurately convey the original meaning while adhering to the grammatical structures of the target language Cultural terms are effectively "transferred," ensuring that both grammatical and lexical elements are preserved in the translation process.
“abnormality” are preserved in the translation Faithful translation attempts to faithfully transfer the SL writer’s intentions and text realiztion to the TL.
Example: As quick as lightning.
Semantic translation emphasizes the importance of aesthetic quality in the source language (SL) text During the translation process, the translator must enhance the final version to eliminate issues such as assonance, wordplay, or jarring repetitions In such instances, less significant cultural terms may be translated using culturally neutral or functional equivalents instead of direct cultural translations, allowing for minor adjustments to better suit the readership.
Example: Beware of the dog.
Adaptation is a highly flexible translation method often employed in translating plays and poetry While the themes, characters, and storylines are preserved, the source language cultures are transformed to fit the target language context, resulting in a reimagined text.
Example : (1) The film is beyond any words.
Bộ phim này không thể chê vào đâu được
In intra-lingual localization, the focus shifts away from preserving the original style or format, allowing for the use of paraphrases that may significantly expand on the original text This approach minimizes the translation of prolixity and pretentiousness, ensuring clarity and accessibility in the conveyed message.
Example : (1) Shall we go for a blow?
Chúng ta đi dạo mát nhé?
(2) That guy is as poor as a church mouse
Anh ta nghèo rớt mồng tơi.
Using an equivalent in the TL, this approach reproduces the source text's
In translating a letter, it's crucial to utilize target language (TL) idioms effectively However, relying too heavily on idiomatic expressions can lead to misinterpretations, as colloquialisms may not accurately convey the original meaning Therefore, a balanced approach is essential to ensure clarity while preserving the essence of the initial message.
Có công mài sắt có ngày nên kim
(3) Set the fox to keep the geese
Translators employ a method that aims to accurately convert both the information and language while ensuring the precise interpretation of context This approach is commonly utilized in radio and newspaper translations, where it is possible for communicative and semantic translation to occur simultaneously.
Đừng có đánh trống lãng!
Đừng cười cho qua chuyện !
Chúng ta có duyên với nhau quá.
SUGGESTED VERSION
Paragraph s Orignial version Suggested version
All obstacles are not in their truest sense obstacles at all but merely mental blocks in the mind of the person who perceives them.
To overcome obstacles, we must strive for self-control and understanding rather than confrontation Ultimately, all challenges stem from a misguided sense of self For instance, if a friend is competing for a job, harboring feelings of hostility will not only jeopardize our friendship but also cloud our judgment regarding the job itself Such emotional barriers prevent us from recognizing our friend's strengths, which could allow him to excel in the position, possibly even more than we could Embracing emotional clarity is key to navigating competition effectively.
Tất cả các trở ngại không chỉ là vật cản vật lý mà còn là rào cản trong tâm hồn của mỗi người Để vượt qua những trở ngại này, chúng ta cần thấu hiểu thay vì phản kháng Cuối cùng, mọi trở ngại đều xuất phát từ nhận thức sai lầm về bản thân Để đối phó với sự chống đối, việc tự kiểm soát bản thân và tìm ra giải pháp là rất quan trọng Nếu gặp phải đối thủ cạnh tranh trong công việc, cảm giác thù địch chỉ khiến chúng ta mất đi cả cơ hội và bạn bè Những rào cản cảm xúc có thể làm mờ đi bản chất thực sự của công việc, vì vậy cách tốt nhất là bắt đầu thấu hiểu công việc và không so sánh bản thân với người khác, mà tập trung vào việc duy trì và thực hiện công việc một cách tốt nhất.
Recognizing that opposition hinders our understanding is crucial for overcoming obstacles Once we identify our path, taking action becomes much simpler Doubt and confusion lead to inaction, while a determined mindset, even if misguided, still drives progress.
Nhận thức rằng sự phản kháng là rào cản trong việc thấu hiểu là bước quan trọng để vượt qua khó khăn Mỗi người đều biết mình cần làm gì, và hành động sẽ trở nên dễ dàng hơn khi có sự quyết tâm Hoài nghi và bối rối chỉ dẫn đến sự trì trệ, trong khi một tâm thế sáng tạo và năng động sẽ thúc đẩy sự phát triển Những người không thể quyết định thường gặp khó khăn, nhưng những ai dám đưa ra quyết định sẽ tìm thấy cơ hội ngay cả trong những tình huống khó khăn Việc hoàn thành công việc, dù có thể không hoàn hảo, vẫn tốt hơn là không hành động gì.
To truly understand events, one must engage with them rather than observe from a distance Immersion allows individuals to gain deeper insights, while a detached perspective results in only a superficial understanding Relying on past experiences to analyze current situations can hinder one’s ability to grasp their true significance and potential.
Mastery comes from hands-on experience rather than just theory; true craftsmanship is developed through practice To enhance your skills, engage actively in the tasks you wish to master The journey to expertise is challenging, filled with obstacles that must be overcome along the way.
SẴN SÀNG ĐƯƠNG ĐẦU VỚI XUNG ĐỘT
Mọi việc đều có cách làm đúng và sai, nhưng không cần phải chọn đúng ngay từ đầu Đam mê công việc giúp ta hiểu rõ hơn, nhưng chỉ khi tham gia trực tiếp, ta mới có thể nắm bắt được bản chất của nó Việc quan sát từ xa sẽ khiến ta khó khăn trong việc nhận thức mối liên hệ và tiềm năng thực sự Kỹ năng chỉ có thể được cải thiện qua thực hành, không chỉ bằng lý thuyết Để thành thạo, cần phải vượt qua nhiều chướng ngại vật, mỗi lần đối mặt sẽ nâng cao hiểu biết của bạn Cách làm đúng được thể hiện qua hiệu suất, và điều này đòi hỏi sự sẵn sàng tham gia vào xung đột và đối mặt với sự chống đối mà không sợ hãi hay oán giận.
Courage is the essential quality needed to conquer life's challenges, as it empowers individuals to take bold actions despite obstacles When confronted with danger, humans typically respond in one of three ways: they can flee, confront the threat, or become immobilized These instinctive reactions are also observable in the animal kingdom, highlighting the universal nature of courage in the face of adversity.
When confronted with danger, individuals exhibit different responses: the lion fights, the antelope flees, and the possum freezes These reactions can coexist within the same person, influenced by their emotional conditioning and perception of reality Running from danger signifies a surrender to fear, while freezing in place reflects an equally profound capitulation to that fear.
In today's society, very few individuals choose to flee from challenges, as we have been conditioned to view fear negatively and believe it must be conquered Courage is celebrated, and the fear of being perceived as a coward often drives people to confront their fears instead of escaping from them.
Lòng dũng cảm là phẩm chất quan trọng nhất trong cuộc sống, vì nó là yếu tố then chốt giúp con người thực hiện những hành động táo bạo Sự dũng cảm cho phép chúng ta vượt qua mọi trở ngại mà không bị lung lay, từ đó mở ra cơ hội mới và khẳng định bản thân.
Khi đối mặt với nguy hiểm, cơ thể con người có ba phản ứng chính: trốn tránh, đương đầu hoặc không làm gì Ví dụ, sư tử chiến đấu, linh dương chạy trốn, còn thú có túi đứng yên Những phản ứng này có thể xảy ra đồng thời trong cùng một người, phụ thuộc vào cảm xúc và nhận thức của họ về tình huống Trốn chạy có thể cho thấy sự sợ hãi, nhưng những người không hành động cũng phải chịu đựng nỗi sợ tương tự Hiện nay, xã hội thường khuyến khích việc vượt qua nỗi sợ, dẫn đến việc ít người chọn trốn chạy Trong nhiều trường hợp, người ta bị tê liệt bởi nỗi sợ hãi, không thể phản ứng một cách hiệu quả.
The courageous man who chooses to flee preserves his chance to fight another day, while those paralyzed by fear—who neither confront the danger nor escape—face inevitable destruction The fear of being perceived as cowardly often outweighs the fear of actual peril, leaving ordinary individuals immobilized by overwhelming anxiety Ultimately, the one who survives by retreating has the opportunity to stand up again, whereas those who succumb to their fears are left with no hope of survival.
In today's society, individuals grapple with persistent fear, driven by the need to earn a living for themselves and their families Often employed by large corporations, they feel like mere numbers on a payroll, leading to a constant sense of insecurity and dispensability This awareness of their vulnerability, coupled with the inevitability of death, diverts their attention from exploring their spiritual side, as they struggle to find meaning beyond the confines of existence.
He usually lives out his life with his awareness fronted in the ego, and as a consequence he forever is comparing himself with others.
He constantly oscillates between feelings of superiority and inferiority, either praising himself or criticizing his perceived shortcomings Despite fear being a constant presence in his life, he frequently confronts it head-on.
ANALYSIS
Vocabulary
Consulting a dictionary is crucial for translators during the translation process, as it helps ensure accuracy However, some English words and phrases lack direct equivalents in Vietnamese, necessitating a contextual approach to derive the most relevant meaning In such cases, utilizing a free translation technique can assist in finding the closest language counterpart for specific terms Below are examples of challenging words and phrases encountered in translation.
Multi-meaning terms are words with multiple definitions, interpreted differently depending on context If a translator lacks a deep understanding of these terms and the nuances of the original language, they risk making incorrect translations.
When it came to determining the correct meaning of these multi-meaning sentences, I sometimes struggled However, in order to determine the most appropriate context, I normally reread the original text.
Example 1 : According to Oxford Dictionary, the word “block” in the sentence
“All obstacles are not in their truest sense obstacles at all but merely mental blocks in the mind of the person who perceives them ” (L3, P1, p20) has many meanings:
[1] something that makes movement or progress difficult or impossible
[2] a large piece of a solid material that is square or rectangular in shape and usually has flat sides.
[3] flats or offices; buildings that form part of a school, hospital, etc which are used for a particular purpose.
It seems that the first meaning is the most suitable Besides, in the Lac Viet dictionary, block is like “làm nghẽn, vật cản, cản trở” However, in this situation,
I think the most suitable meaning is “vật cản”.
Tất cả những trở ngại không chỉ đơn thuần là vật cản vật lý, mà thực chất là những rào cản tinh thần mà mỗi người phải đối mặt khi nhận thức về chúng.
Immersion in events allows individuals to gain a deeper understanding, while remaining detached from them significantly hinders comprehension Engaging fully with experiences is crucial for true insight, as observing from a distance rarely leads to meaningful understanding.
Meaning from the Oxford Dictionary:
[1] the act of putting somebody/something into a liquid, especially so that they or it are completely covered; the state of being covered by a liquid
[2] the state of being completely involved in something
[3] a method of teaching a foreign language by the exclusive use of that language, usually at a special school.
The term "immersion" has multiple definitions, but its second meaning, which refers to being deeply engaged or engrossed, is most relevant in this context In Vietnamese, this concept translates to "ham mê," effectively capturing the essence of the word.
Sự đam mê công việc giúp một người hiểu rõ hơn về nó, nhưng nếu chỉ quan sát từ xa mà không tham gia trực tiếp, sẽ rất khó để đạt được sự hiểu biết sâu sắc.
Example 3 : “At least the man who runs away lives to fight another day, but the man who cannot either fight or run can only be destroyed.” (L40, P4, p24)
As far as I am concerned, in the Cambridge Dictionary, “destroyed ” means
The term refers to causing irreversible damage that renders something non-existent or non-functional, as well as stripping away the value and joy from an individual's life, effectively ruining their existence or reputation In the context of this book, it explores the profound impact of such destruction.
I decided to translate it as “diệt vong”
Suggested version: “Ít nhất kẻ còn sống trốn chạy để đương đầu vào một ngày khác, nhưng kẻ chịu đựng hoặc bỏ chạy chỉ có thể bị diệt vong.”
Example 4: The word “isolates” as in the sentence “He isolates himself from his own subconscious, freezes or runs away.” ( L15, P6, p26)
“isolates” is a multi-meaning word, and the Oxford dictionary defines it:
[1] cause (a person or place) to be or remain alone or apart from others.
[2] a person or thing that has been or become isolated.
[3] a culture of microorganisms isolated for study.
The term "isolates" has three definitions, but the second one is most relevant here In Vietnamese, it translates to "tách biệt," but considering the context, the more suitable equivalent is "cô lập."
Suggested Version: “Anh ta tự cô lập mình khỏi tiềm thức của chính mình, đứng yên hoặc chạy trốn.”
Example 5: In the sentence “Let no obstacle dismay you.” (L1, P23, p46), we should pay much attention to the word “dismay” The word “dismay” is defined in the Oxford Dictionary as following:
[1] consternation and distress, typically that caused by something unexpected.
[2] cause (someone) to feel consternation and distress.
[3] a feeling of unhappiness and disappointment.
Dismay refers to a feeling of worry or sadness that arises after an unpleasant surprise While the word can have various meanings, it is often associated with terms like "shock" or "alarm." However, in this context, a more fitting translation would be "loss of spirit," which captures the essence of the emotion conveyed in the sentence.
Suggested Version: “Hãy không để trở ngại nào làm bạn mất tinh thần.”
Throughout the translation process, I frequently faced challenging terms and phrases that were difficult to interpret accurately These complexities may arise from the lack of proper definitions in dictionaries or context-specific meanings To effectively navigate these linguistic hurdles, I sought to derive the correct interpretations by analyzing the roots of the words and their contextual usage.
Emotional blocks can obscure our perception of a job's true nature and the most effective methods to secure it These blocks prevent us from recognizing the qualities in others, such as our friends, that may allow them to excel in the role, potentially even surpassing our own capabilities.
In the Lingoes Essential Dictionary, “blind” has 3 meanings:
[2] people who are blind an animal into a position from which he cannot escape.
[3] lacking perception, awareness, or discernment.
In the English-Vietnamese dictionary, the term "Blind" translates to "mù, mù quáng." However, this literal translation does not fit the context of the sentence, prompting me to employ a free translation approach Therefore, I propose the translation "che mắt" in Vietnamese to better convey the intended meaning.
Những rào cản cảm xúc có thể làm mờ đi bản chất thực sự của công việc Để vượt qua điều này, chúng ta cần bắt đầu hiểu rõ về công việc của mình, không chỉ tập trung vào những phẩm chất của người khác mà còn nỗ lực duy trì và thực hiện công việc một cách tốt nhất, thậm chí còn hơn cả chính bản thân mình.
He has mastered the understanding of his connection with the lion, effectively managing his fear, which allows him to handle the task of running the lion as effortlessly as he drives his car.
The term "disciplined," as defined by the Oxford Dictionary, refers to being trained to obey rules and orders, exhibiting self-control, much like a disciplined army or team In Vietnamese, this concept translates to "kỷ luật," highlighting the importance of discipline in achieving order and effectiveness.
Thus, based on the context, I used “ thành thục” to express meaning here.
Structures
The structure of a text significantly influences sentence interpretation during translation, posing challenges for translators due to the diverse ways words can be arranged Grammatical inconsistencies between Vietnamese and English, such as the uncommon use of passive voice and empty subjects in Vietnamese, further complicate the process Therefore, a deep understanding of the source language's grammar is essential for effectively conveying the text's meaning in the target language Throughout my translation experience, I encountered several complex constructs that required careful analysis to ensure accurate context translation into Vietnamese.
A simple sentence consists of an independent clause, so it contains a subject and a verb.
Example 16 : “He began to write.” (L5, P13, p35)
Suggested version: “Anh bắt đầu viết.”
Example 17: “He gestured toward the manuscript scattered around the room.” (L1, P15, p36)
He / gestured / toward the manuscript scattered /around the room
Suggested version: “Anh chỉ về phía bản thảo nằm rải rác trong phòng.”
Example 18: “He could not possibly react in a worse manner ” (L36, P4, p24)
He / could not possibly react / in a worse manner
Suggested version: “Anh ta không thể phản ứng một cách tồi tệ hơn.”
Example 19: “Each task is only a test of human aspiration and selfknowledge.”
Each task / is / only a test of human aspiration and selfknowledge.
Suggested version: “Mỗi nhiệm vụ chỉ là một thử thách về khát vọng và sự hiểu biết của con người.”
Example 20: “We must not let circumstances influence our thinking.” (L30, P17, p39)
We / must not let / circumstances / influence our thinking.
Suggested version: “Chúng ta không được để hoàn cảnh ảnh hưởng đến suy nghĩ của mình.”
Example 21: “ All the obstacles and events of life are for this purpose alone.” (L32, P8, p29)
All the obstacles and events of life / are / for this purpose alone.
Suggested version: “Tất cả những trở ngại và biến cố của cuộc sống đều chỉ vì mục đích này.”
A compound sentence consists of at least two independent clauses that are connected by a comma, semicolon, or conjunction Each independent clause contains a subject and verb, allowing it to express a complete thought.
Example 22 : “Harry worked as a bank clerk, and in his late twenties was aware of a gnawing dissatisfaction with life.” (L1, P12, p34)
The sentence contains two independent clauses: “Harry worked as a bank clerk” and “in his late twenties was aware of a gnawing dissatisfaction with life.” These clauses are linked by a comma and the conjunction “and.” After careful analysis, I opted to translate the sentence accordingly.
Suggested version: “Harry là một nhân viên ngân hàng và ở độ tuổi cuối hai
Example 23 : “We get to know the things, we are attempting to master only by doing them.” (L24, P3, p22)
This sentence contains two independent clauses: “We get to know the things” and “we are attempting to master only by doing them.” These clauses are connected by a comma, illustrating the relationship between understanding and practical experience.
Suggested version: “Chúng ta nắm bắt được mọi thứ mà chúng ta đang cố gắng lĩnh hội chỉ bằng cách thực hiện chúng.”
Example 24: “He wants applause, fame, money, and he makes gods of these instead of the Secret Self in whose purposeful hands all things lie.” (L32, P11, p33)
The sentence contains two independent clauses: “He wants applause, fame, money” and “he makes gods of these instead of the Secret Self in whose purposeful hands all things lie.” These clauses are linked by a comma and the conjunction “and.” After careful analysis, I chose to translate it in this way.
Suggested version: “Anh ta khao khát những tràng vỗ tay tán thưởng, danh vọng, tiền bạc và thần thánh hóa những thứ này mà bản thân không có chúng.”
Example 25: “He became anti- social, was irritable and resentful to those about him ” (L18, P12, p34)
The sentence contains two independent clauses: "He became anti-social" and "was irritable and resentful to those about him," which are linked by a comma After careful analysis, I chose to translate it accordingly.
Suggested version : “Anh ta trở nên quay lưng với xã hội, cáu kỉnh và bực bội với mọi người.”
Example 26: “There are a thousand reasons for not doing things, and each one is valid if accepted ” (L1, P20, p41)
The sentence contains two independent clauses: "There are a thousand reasons for not doing things" and "each one is valid if accepted." These clauses are connected by a comma and the conjunction "and." Upon analysis, I discovered that this sentence can be effectively translated in various ways.
Suggested version: “Có hàng ngàn lý do để bạn không nên làm, và mỗi lý do đều có giá trị nếu được chấp nhận ”
Passive voice is one of the two verb voices, occurring when the subject receives the action of the verb While passive voice is commonly used in English writing, it is infrequently employed in Vietnamese Consequently, I often translate passive constructions into active voice during interpretation Here are some examples to illustrate this point.
Example 27 : “It’s like being visited each day by a supreme mind that works through you because it needs you to do a particular work.” (L2, P14, p36)
The structure of this passive voice sentence is:
The author employs passive voice in this sentence, specifically in the present continuous tense In Vietnamese, passive constructions often utilize "được" or "bị" to convey similar meanings Therefore, I maintained the passive structure while adapting the idea for translation.
Nó giống như bạn được ghé thăm hàng ngày bởi một trí tuệ vĩ đại, luôn hoạt động thông qua bạn, vì nó cần bạn thực hiện một nhiệm vụ nhất định.
Example 28 : “His whole life is determined by this image.” (L17, P22, p45)
The structure of this passive voice sentence is:
The verb "determine" is presented in the passive voice, which is typically converted to active voice in Vietnamese However, in this context, the author seems to emphasize that his entire life will be connected to those images, making it more appropriate to retain the passive structure.
Suggested Version : “Toàn bộ cuộc sống của anh ấy được xác định bởi hình ảnh này.”
Example 29 : “All this has been done through me.” (L3, P15, p36)
The structure of this passive voice sentence is:
S + HAS/ HAVE + BEEN + PP.2 + BY + O
The sentence features the verb "has been done" in passive voice, which is typically converted to active voice in Vietnamese However, it appears that the author aims to highlight that he wrote all the other manuscripts after his recovery.
Suggested Version : “Tất cả chúng đã được tạo ra bởi tôi.”
Example 30: “It has been done by a power greater than I am, and this power works through me.” (L6, P15, p36)
The structure of this passive voice sentence is:
S + HAS/ HAVE + BEEN + PP.2 + BY + O
The author employs passive voice in this sentence, specifically using the present perfect structure In Vietnamese, passive constructions are typically expressed with "được" or "bị." Consequently, I preserved the passive structure while conveying the intended meaning in my translation.
Suggested Version: “Nó được thực hiện bởi một sức mạnh lớn lao hơn tôi, và sức mạnh này có ở trong tôi.”
A complex statement consists of one or more dependent clauses combined with an independent clause While an independent clause can function as a complete sentence, a dependent clause, despite containing a subject and verb, cannot stand alone.
An adjective clause, or relative clause, is a dependent clause that describes a noun within a sentence It serves the purpose of an adjective, consisting of a group of words rather than a single word.
Example 31 : “The one that is triggered when he is faced by danger depends upon his emotional conditioning and his perception of truth.” (L19, P4, p23)
Adjective clause: that is triggered when he is faced by danger
Main clause: The one… depends upon his emotional conditioning and his perception of truth.
DIFICULTITIES AND SOLUTIONS
Difficulties
During my university studies, I acquired various translating skills, both theoretical and practical, but accurately interpreting and evaluating texts remains a significant challenge Each language possesses unique characteristics and expressions, which complicates the translation process The consistency of the translation is affected by grammar, lexis, syntax, and descriptive terminology, making English to Vietnamese translation particularly difficult To achieve seamless and engaging translations, translators must possess in-depth knowledge of the subject matter and a strong grasp of the text's structure and vocabulary Additionally, rewriting original texts from the source language to the target language requires delivering a concise and clear translation that is easily understood by readers As an inexperienced translator, I faced numerous obstacles throughout this translation journey.
Vocabulary plays a crucial role in language construction, allowing authors to express unique concepts through a diverse array of words This complexity can be challenging, requiring dedicated effort to master In English, many words possess multiple meanings, which can lead to confusion and incorrect translations To accurately select the right definitions for these multi-meaning words, it's essential to consider the context and the author's intent.
While translating a tourism guide, I encountered numerous basic words that required precise alternatives in TL However, I often struggle to find suitable translations, which affects the overall coherence of the text Additionally, the rarity of these words in dictionaries makes the translation process even more challenging.
Mastering grammar can be challenging due to significant differences between languages, particularly between English and Vietnamese For instance, constructs like the empty subject structure are prevalent in English but absent in Vietnamese, complicating the translator's task of accurately conveying the author's intent Additionally, cultural language use varies, with Vietnamese favoring the active voice to express ideas, while English often employs the passive voice These disparities can lead to unnatural and awkward translations, highlighting the importance of understanding both grammatical structures and cultural nuances in effective translation.
Translating requires careful attention and patience from the interpreter, ensuring that the translation faithfully conveys the original text's details from start to finish.
Solutions
It is unavoidable to encounter problems during the translation process. However, I have my own method of resolving these issues.
To effectively translate complex texts, I first read the entire original material to understand the author's main idea and gain a comprehensive perspective During this process, I identified and labeled challenging terms and phrases, highlighting any concepts I found confusing I revisited these sections carefully, striving for accurate interpretations If my translations seemed off, I consulted my supervisor, who guided me in breaking down difficult constructs and finding appropriate meanings Additionally, I utilized library resources and online research to enhance my understanding.
To enhance my understanding of the tourism industry, I utilized both library resources and online research, which offered valuable background information and clarified complex technical terminology Additionally, I reached out to friends employed in the tourism sector for further insights and assistance.
Dictionaries play a crucial role for translators, including myself, in finding accurate definitions I utilized several resources, such as the Linguistic Institute's English-Vietnamese dictionary, the Lac Viet dictionary, the Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary, and the Lingoes Essential Dictionary Additionally, I researched unfamiliar concepts and websites online to enhance my understanding.
In my preparation for translation, I concentrated on both vocabulary and grammatical structures I revisited several books from the past four years and sought assistance from my boss to tackle challenging grammar systems.
As a result, I found that my expertise was insufficiently wide and deep If I want to fulfill my dream of being an interpreter, I need to change even further.
CONCLUSIONS AND SUGGESTIONS
Conclusions
During my university studies, I acquired valuable knowledge and skills that will enhance my translation abilities However, I realized there were important aspects I overlooked while preparing for my graduation test, particularly in relation to my thesis.
Through my research, I have come to understand that my knowledge is just a small fragment of a much larger body of information This essay has significantly enhanced my critical thinking and expressive abilities Additionally, I have gained valuable insights during my studies that will benefit me after graduation However, I recognize that my vocabulary remains limited, often hindering my comprehension of various texts The translation process has left me struggling with the meanings of many sentences, particularly those with multiple interpretations Therefore, it is crucial to expand one's vocabulary and acquire specialized knowledge in a field to ensure accurate translations and interpretations.
To effectively understand an author's ideas, interpreters must acquire knowledge across various fields, as specialized expertise significantly enhances a translator's skills Despite facing numerous challenges, my extensive search for knowledge in this domain has enabled me to accurately translate certain terms, though I still encounter several shortcomings.
My pronunciation and vocabulary have been challenging, leading to misunderstandings of many words A lack of grammar and syntax skills contributed to this issue However, while reading and analyzing a graduation document, I discovered valuable insights that improved my translation abilities I now understand how to effectively address issues in the original text for a better recommended edition Although I previously struggled with words or phrases not found in dictionaries, I have recently learned to infer their meanings from context, which has been a fantastic development.
Recognizing my current limitations in translation skills, I understand that becoming a successful interpreter requires dedicated effort to enhance my experience and abilities By actively seeking opportunities for learning and improvement, I can significantly boost my skill set in this field.
Suggestions
To succeed in interpreting diverse publications, students should equip themselves with knowledge across various fields A broad understanding enhances their ability to comprehend complex texts and reduces the likelihood of translation errors Additionally, mastering grammar, vocabulary, and semantics enables students to quickly grasp the author's intent and context.
To become effective interpreters, students need to enhance their English skills while also prioritizing their mother tongue A strong grasp of their native language enables them to fully understand the author's perspective, as a limited vocabulary in Vietnamese can hinder their ability to express ideas accurately By improving their Vietnamese, students can communicate more naturally and fluently, leading to more effective interpretation.
To succeed as an interpreter, students must cultivate strong reading skills, which help minimize translation errors by ensuring a thorough understanding of the author's subject matter This proficiency also enables students to decipher challenging phrases more effectively.
Teachers play a crucial role in broadening students' knowledge by introducing them to diverse subjects across various fields, enabling them to acquire valuable skills and information.
To enhance their understanding, students should expand their cultural awareness, as traditions greatly influence language usage and spelling Familiarity with the historical contexts of the author's country can significantly aid students in decoding and comprehending the text more effectively.
I hope Duy Tan University expands its curriculum to include more topics related to PBL 496 (Project-Based Learning) This enhancement would allow students to engage in diverse, large-scale projects, helping them gain valuable experience and confidence prior to tackling significant endeavors like their graduation thesis.
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14 The Free Dictionary , Truy xuất từ: http://www.thefreedictionary.com /
15 Wikipedia Restrived , Truy xuất từ : https://www.wikipedia.org/