GRADUATION THESIS AN ANALYSIS OF THE SUGGESTED TRANSLATION OF CHAPTER 13 FROM THE BOOK INTRODUCTION TO BUSINESS BY LAWRENCE j GITMAN, CARL MC DANIEL, AMIT SHAH, MONIQUE REECE, LINDA KOFFEL, BETHAN TALSMA, JAMES c

Graduation Paper Supervisor Nguyen Thi Bao Yen Graduation Paper Supervisor Nguyen Thi Bao Yen MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND TRAINING DUY TAN UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF ENGLISH GRADUATION THESIS BUI THI HOC AN.

MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND TRAINING DUY TAN UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF ENGLISH GRADUATION THESIS BUI THI HOC AN ANALYSIS OF THE SUGGESTED TRANSLATION OF CHAPTER 13 FROM THE BOOK “INTRODUCTION TO BUSINESS” BY LAWRENCE J GITMAN, CARL MC DANIEL, AMIT SHAH, MONIQUE REECE, LINDA KOFFEL, BETHAN TALSMA, JAMES C HYATT, SEMTEMBER 19, 2018 GRADUATION THESIS IN SOCIAL SCIENCES AND HUMANITIES DA NANG – May 2021 MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND TRAINING DUY TAN UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF ENGLISH GRADUATION THESIS BUI THI HOC AN ANALYSIS OF THE SUGGESTED TRANSLATION OF CHAPTER 13 FROM THE BOOK “INTRODUCTION TO BUSINESS” BY LAWRENCE J GITMAN, CARL MC DANIEL, AMIT SHAH, MONIQUE REECE, LINDA KOFFEL, BETHAN TALSMA, JAMES C HYATT, SEMTEMBER 19, 2018 Major: English for Translation and Interpretation Code : 701 SUPERVIVOR: NGUYEN THI BAO YEN, MA DA NANG – May 2021 Supervisor: Nguyen Thi Bao Yen Graduation Paper ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS  During my four years at university with teacher’s guidance, family’s care and friend’s cooperating, I had reached valuable experience and knowledge I am very grateful to all of you for your help, precious experience and useful lessons, which will support me in the future, especially my career First of all, I would like to express my deepest gratitude to all teachers of Faculty of English, who taught me a lot of valuable lessons and skills, not only in English but also in life during the last years In particular, I wish to thank so much to Ms Nguyen Thi Bao Yen for her valuable and detailed guidance, comments and suggestions, as well as enthusiasm and whole-heartedness throughout this study This graduation paper could not be finished without the invaluable help, advice, and encouragement from her I also want to take this opportunity to thank to my family and my friends, who give me with encouragements, supports and inspirations, especially when I got in trouble Moreover, the shortcomings in this graduation paper are unavoidable Therefore, I hope to receive the sympathy from teachers and friends At last, I wish all of you good health and success Your sincerely, Bui Thi Hoc Student: Bui Thi Hoc Code: 2320310441 Supervisor: Nguyen Thi Bao Yen Graduation Paper STATEMENT OF AUTHORSHIP  Except where reference is made in the text of the thesis, this thesis contains no material published elsewhere or extracted in the whole or in part from a thesis by which have qualified for or been awarded another degree or diploma No other person’s work has been used without due acknowledgement in the thesis This thesis has not been submitted for award of any degree or diploma in any other tertiary institution Da Nang, May 2021 Bui Thi Hoc Student: Bui Thi Hoc Code: 2320310441 Supervisor: Nguyen Thi Bao Yen Graduation Paper ABSTRACT  This graduation paper is a suggested translation of chapter 13 named “Using Technology to Manage Information” of the book “Introduction to Business” by Lawrence J Gitman, Carl Mc Daniel, Amit Shah, Monique Reece, Linda Koffel, Bethann Talsma, James C Hyatt, 2018 from English to Vietnamese First, I give a general introduction about the reasons for choosing the topic, then translating the English version into Vietnamese version Next, I analyze the vocabulary and complicated structures of the suggested translation version The difficulties in the translation, and some essential solutions are suggested at the end of the graduation paper Student: Bui Thi Hoc Code: 2320310441 Supervisor: Nguyen Thi Bao Yen Graduation Paper ABBREVIATIONS  SL: Source Language TL: Target Language Student: Bui Thi Hoc Code: 2320310441 Graduation Paper Supervisor: Nguyen Thi Bao Yen TABLE OF CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS i STATEMENT OF AUTHORSHIP ii ABSTRACT iii ABBREVIATIONS .iv TABLE OF CONTENTS v CHAPTER INTRODUCTION 1.1.Rationale 1.2.Aims and objectives 1.3.The scope of the study .2 1.4.Methods of the study .3 CHAPTER THEORETICAL BACKGROUND .5 2.1 Translation Theory 2.1.1 Definition of translation 2.1.2 Types of categories .5 2.2 Principles and Methods of Translation 2.2.1 Principles of Translation .8 2.2.2 Methods of Translation .9 CHAPTER SUGGESTED TRANSLATION 12 CHAPTER ANALYSIS 46 4.1 Vocabulary 46 4.1.1 Words with multi-meaning .47 4.1.2 Word and phrase with no appropriate meaning in dictionary 49 4.1.3 Phrasal verbs .50 4.1.4 Specific terms .51 4.2 Structures 52 Student: Bui Thi Hoc Code: 2320310441 Graduation Paper Supervisor: Nguyen Thi Bao Yen 4.2.1 Sentences in Passive Voice 52 4.2.2 Compound Sentences 53 4.2.3 Complex Sentences 53 4.2.4 Empty Subject 56 CHAPTER DIFFICULTIES AND SOLUTIONS 57 5.1 Difficulties .57 5.2 Solutions 58 CHAPTER CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTIONS 60 6.1 Conclusion .60 6.2 Suggestions 60 REFERENCES Student: Bui Thi Hoc Code: 2320310441 Graduation Paper Supervisor: Nguyen Thi Bao Yen CHAPTER INTRODUCTION 1.1 Rationale The pandemic has affected activities of many different industries in 2020 and will continue to cause difficulties in the coming years But pandemic is also the catalyst for many important technology trends that have been formed, including ecommerce, automation and supply chain optimization As a result, the ability to integrate new technology solutions to maintain operations and profitability, as well as optimize workflows to continuously support peak demand and prevent supply chain disruptions, will become should be essential for business success During the 4-year study in Faculty of English of Duy Tan University, I have been studying and learning a lot of interesting topics but the topics relating to humans attracted the attention of many students Besides, curiosity is the instinct of each individual, we wonder what we are unknown and I want to find an explanation for them The reason I want to choose the book “Introduction to Business” - by Lawrence J Gitman, Carl Mc Daniel, Amit Shah, Monique Reece, Linda Koffel, Bethann Talsma, James C Hyatt for my graduation paper is that I want to find out what I don’t know about technology applied in business such as management information systems, technology management and planning, and protection of computers and information 1.2 Aims and objectives 1.2.1 Aims During the past years, I have received precious support, help and encouragement my supervisor, teachers and friends at Duy Tan University It helps translators have an overview of the translation process like analytical and translation skills Hence, it helps me avoid many errors in my translation After completing my graduation paper, I acquired the following targets:  Improving my translation skills, using suitable words and structures of any sentences  Understanding tourism to translate it effectively Student: Bui Thi Hoc Code: 2320310441 Graduation Paper Supervisor: Nguyen Thi Bao Yen  Summing up the knowledge I learned in the past  Translating the text smoothly and naturally  Removing language barriers to help Vietnamese people understand clearly the book  Analyzing difficult and complex vocabularies, phrases, or structures which easily make misunderstand for readers 1.2.2 Objectives In order to support the major aims some following objectives are posed for the study:  To analyze complicated word, phrases, structures, contexts, etc  To translate text smoothly and naturally  To give some implications and solutions for teaching and learning English, especially translation  To get more knowledge about translating a tourism document  To translate the text smoothly and fast  To give some difficulties and solutions  To analyze complicated words, phrases, idioms and contexts, etc  To help myself improve in translating I have to translate text smoothly and naturally Chapter 13 of the book “Introduction to Business” by Lawrence J Gitman, Carl Mc Daniel, Amit Shah, Monique Reece, Linda Koffel, Bethann Talsma, James C Hyatt I will offer some suggestions for the analysis of complex sentence structures and vocabulary 1.3 The scope of the study This study focuses on translating and analyzing of the suggested version and some difficult vocabularies and structures of the chapter 13 “Using Technology to Manage Information” written by Lawrence J Gitman, Carl Mc Daniel, Amit Shah, Monique Reece, Linda Koffel, Bethann Talsma, James C Hyatt and published in 2018, as well as giving some essential solutions to solve these problems 1.3.1 Text features Student: Bui Thi Hoc Code: 2320310441 Graduation Paper Supervisor: Nguyen Thi Bao Yen [2] a copy of information held on a computer that is stored separately from the computer [3] support or help, or someone or something that provides support or help [4] a person, plan, piece of equipment, etc that you can use to replace another if necessary In this sentence, basing on the context, I think the second meaning is the best choice So, I decided the Vietnamese equivalent meaning as “sao lưu” My suggested translation: Để giảm bớt thiệt hại, công ty nên lưu thông tin quan trọng 4.1.4 Specific terms Specific terms are one of the most difficult and challenging part in translating To solve these specific terms, translators are required not only to be good at bilingual languages but also to have deep knowledge about all fields, especially the field they are translating When doing graduation paper, I have some many difficulties because of specific terms To deal with all of these difficulties, I had to look up lots of so many dictionaries and different websites as well Example 9: “piracy” In the sentence “Software and media piracy.” (paragraph 43) In the Cambridge Dictionary, a word “piracy” means: [1] the act of attacking ships in order to steal from them [2] the practice of attacking and stealing from ships at sea [3] the act of illegally copying computer programs, recordings, films, etc to sell them at much cheaper prices Basing on the definitions above, I translate this sentence depending on the context into the Vietnamese meaning as “vi phạm quyền” My suggested translation: Vi phạm quyền phần mềm phương tiện truyền thông Example 10: “encryption” In the sentence “Manufacturers are responding to IT managers’ concerns about security by adding password protection and encryption to flash drives.” (paragraph 49) In the Cambridge Dictionary, a word “encryption” is explained as the process of changing electronic information or signals into a secret code (system of letters, Student: Bui Thi Hoc Code: 2320310441 Graduation Paper Supervisor: Nguyen Thi Bao Yen numbers, or symbols) that people cannot understand or use without special equipment So, I decided to choose the meaning of this word as “mã hóa” My suggested translation: Các nhà sản xuất phản hồi quan điểm nhà quản lý CNTT bảo mật cách thêm tính bảo vệ mật mã hóa vào ổ đĩa flash 4.2 Structures Structures are vital in determining the meaning of a statement There are sentences in a paragraph with distinct clauses, and we must study the grammatical components that allow us to guess the meaning of the phrase Furthermore, there are certain discrepancies between Vietnamese and English grammar Some forms, like as passive voice, empty subject, and so on, are uncommon in Vietnamese As a result, translators must have a deep understanding of grammar patterns in the source language in order to correctly transmit the meaning of the text into the target language 4.2.1 Sentences in Passive Voice Passive voice is used when the focus is on the action It is not important or not known, however, who or what is performing the action Example 11: “You were upset, angry, and frustrated.” (paragraph 31) This sentence is simple past tense, I decided to translate this sentence with its original structure – passive voice My suggested translation: Bạn khó chịu, tức giận thất vọng Example 12: “Special reports are generated only when a manager requests them; for example, a report showing sales by region and type of customer can highlight reasons for a sales decline.” (paragraph 13) The structure of this passive voice sentence is: ARE + PAST PARTICIPLE In this case, I decided to translate “are generated” into “được tạo” My suggested translation: Khi người quản lý yêu cầu tạo báo cáo đặc biệt; ví dụ, báo cáo hiển thị doanh số bán hàng theo khu vực loại khách hàng nêu rõ lý khiến doanh số bán hàng giảm sút 4.2.2 Compound Sentences A compound sentence is a sentence that has at least two independent clauses joined by a comma, semicolon or conjunction The independent clauses are joined with coordinators (for, and, nor, but, or, yet, and so) Student: Bui Thi Hoc Code: 2320310441 Graduation Paper Supervisor: Nguyen Thi Bao Yen Example 13: “With models, the manager enters into the computer the values that describe a particular situation, and the program computes the results.” (paragraph14) According to the structure of the compound sentence with coordinator “INDEPENDENT CLAUSE, + COORDINATOR + INDEPENDENT CLAUSE” The first independent clause is “the manager enters into the computer the values that describe a particular situation” The second clause is “the program computes the results” As we can see that there are two clauses connected by the coordinator “and” There is a subject “the manager” in the first clause and a subject of the second clause is “the program” My suggested translation: Với mơ hình, người quản lý nhập vào máy tính giá trị mơ tả tình cụ thể chương trình tính tốn kết 4.2.3 Complex Sentences A complex sentence has an independent clause and at least one dependent clause The dependent clause begins with a subordinating conjunction 4.2.3.1 Complex sentences with Adverbial Clause An adverbial clause is a dependent clause introduced by an adverbial subordinator It is used to modify the verb of the independent clause and tells readers about the time, place, reason, purpose, result… Example 14: “Although you might think that spam, or unsolicited and unwanted e-mail, is just a nuisance, it also poses a security threat to companies.” (paragraph 42) The independent clause is “it also poses a security threat to companies” And the dependent clause is “Although you might think that spam, or unsolicited and unwanted e-mail” Two clauses are connected by comma “,” Besides, the subordinating conjunction is “although” My suggested translation: Mặc dù bạn nghĩ thư rác, e-mail không yêu cầu khơng mong muốn điều phiền tối, gây mối đe dọa bảo mật cho công ty Student: Bui Thi Hoc Code: 2320310441 Graduation Paper Supervisor: Nguyen Thi Bao Yen Example 15: “Because IT is a dynamic field with ongoing changes to equipment and processes, it’s important to review security policies often.” (paragraph 45) In the sentence, there are two clauses which are connected by comma “,” Independent clause is “it’s important to review security policies often” and dependent clause is “Because IT is a dynamic field with ongoing changes to equipment and processes” Besides, the relative adverb is “because” My suggested translation: Vì CNTT lĩnh vực động với thay đổi liên tục thiết bị quy trình, điều quan trọng phải thường xuyên xem xét sách bảo mật 4.2.3.2 Complex sentences with Relative Clause A relative clause is also called an adjective clause and it modifies a noun A relative clause can modify any noun in the sentence: a subject, an object of a preposition A relative clause begins with a relative pronoun (who, whom, whose, which, that, where, when, why) Sometimes the pronoun can be omitted However, sometimes commas are required There are two types of relative clause: restrictive (or defining) relative clauses and non-restrictive (or non-defining) relative clauses:  Restrictive (or defining) relative clauses: A restrictive relative clause provides essential information about the noun to which it refers It cannot be left out of the sentence without affecting the meaning  Non-restrictive (or non-defining) relative clauses: A non-restrictive relative clause provides information that can be left out without affecting the meaning or structure of the sentence Example 16: “In addition, experts are becoming more proficient at tracking down virus authors, who are subject to criminal charges.” (paragraph 40) In the whole sentence, the relative clause is “who are subject to criminal charges” The relative pronoun “who” modifies the noun “virus authors” and it functions as a subject Student: Bui Thi Hoc Code: 2320310441 Graduation Paper Supervisor: Nguyen Thi Bao Yen My suggested translation: Ngoài ra, chuyên gia trở nên thành thạo việc theo dõi tác giả vi rút, người phải chịu cáo buộc hình Example 17: “At the first level of an MSS is an information-reporting system, which uses summary data collected by the TPS to produce both regularly scheduled and special reports (paragraph 29) This sentence has a relative clause “which uses summary data collected by the TPS to produce both regularly scheduled and special reports.” The relative pronoun “which” modifies the noun “an information-reporting system” and it functions as a subject My suggested translation: Ở cấp độ MSS hệ thống báo cáo thông tin, sử dụng liệu tóm tắt hệ thống xử lí giao dịch thu thập để tạo báo cáo thường xuyên báo cáo đặc biệt 4.2.3.3 Complex sentences with Noun Clause Noun clauses as the name implies, function as nouns That is, they are word groups with their own subjects and verbs that in turn function as a subject, object, or complement in a sentence Noun clauses also function as an appositive sometimes Example 18: “Legislators and privacy activists worry that such programs as this and ones that eavesdrop electronically could lead to excessive government surveillance that encroaches on personal privacy.” In this sentence, main clause is “Legislators and privacy activists”, the noun clause is “that such programs as this and ones that eavesdrop electronically could lead to excessive government surveillance that encroaches on personal privacy” Subordinating conjunction is “that” We can see easily that the noun clause works as an object in the sentence My suggested translation: Các nhà lập pháp nhà hoạt động quyền riêng tư lo ngại chương trình chương trình nghe điện tử dẫn đến giám sát mức phủ, xâm phạm quyền riêng tư cá nhân 4.2.4 Empty Subject A complete sentence must be composed by a subject and at least a verb There is operates as a dummy subject in the construction there is or there are There is/are indicates that something or someone exists or is in a particular place or Student: Bui Thi Hoc Code: 2320310441 Graduation Paper Supervisor: Nguyen Thi Bao Yen situation However, in many situations, we don’t know the subject or the subject is too long, so we used empty subject “it” to replace the sentence using Example 19: “The DSS also uses data from the internal database but looks for specific data that relate to the problems at hand It is a tool for answering “what if” questions about what would happen if the manager made certain changes.” (paragraph 14) “It is” is an empty subject, in this sentence it will not wrong if I translate this word as “Có” So, to translate this sentence rightly and naturally, the free translation was used to solve the problem My suggested translation: Hệ thống hỗ trợ định sử dụng liệu từ sở liệu nội tìm kiếm liệu cụ thể liên quan đến vấn đề Nó cơng cụ để trả lời câu hỏi “điều xảy nếu” điều xảy người quản lý thực số thay đổi định CHAPTER DIFFICULTIES AND SOLUTIONS 5.1 Difficulties This study offers me a fantastic opportunity to practice my English skills and to learn more, which I have learned throughout four years at Duy Tan University Through this paper I have won many things regarding translating Nevertheless, my work in this translation had a lot of problems, while my main task is English translation During the course of translating this graduation paper, I had numerous challenges in vocabulary and grammar in order to provide the best translation from English to Vietnamese Firstly, I had vocabulary challenges and spent a significant amount of time learning and translating them Sometimes I don't have the ability to grasp and interpret the content accurately because I don't know enough about business, Student: Bui Thi Hoc Code: 2320310441 Graduation Paper Supervisor: Nguyen Thi Bao Yen especially business technology, and I can't translate it totally unless I retire When translating this work, I found that using dictionaries to translate terms and phrases is also quite helpful However, when I had to translate words/phrases that had no equivalency in a bilingual dictionary, the meaning offered by the dictionary was not always sufficient This made access and translation tough for me Secondly, in my opinion, it is difficult to express a statement, an ideal, or a message from the original text into the target text As a result, I believe I need to work on my mother tongue In some circumstances, the translator may grasp the original text's meaning but is unable to communicate it "Mother Languages" is a key aspect in determining the success of the target text since it is a method of communicating the original meaning of the source text to the target based on the translator's brain function Moreover, the structure was another source of concern for me There are numerous difficult structures and sentences that I must solve Despite the fact that I am an English major, I find it challenging to translate them clearly So, in order to have a greater understanding and a better translation, I need to find old documents theories to analyze and examine that structure thoroughly in various sources, and I contacted my supervisor and friends for assistance Finally, because there is no time restriction and the content is fairly extensive, I had to finish as well as possible Because of the differences in language usage between English and Vietnamese, sentences are not seamless and natural This necessitates that a translator gain experience working with complex or complex compound sentences In summary, translators must be well-versed in a variety of subjects in order to provide a flawless translation version Furthermore, learning the grammar and lexis of both languages is an essential ability 5.2 Solutions Translation process, I have faced up to many difficulties and challenges, but I have found the best way to solve these troubles in my graduation paper Firstly, I read the entire text attentively to get the core idea of the original text, as well as concepts and the author's message If you want to translate a text precisely, the first step is to describe the original text's content I also focus on and Student: Bui Thi Hoc Code: 2320310441 Graduation Paper Supervisor: Nguyen Thi Bao Yen mark all the words, phrases, and clauses that are tough to comprehend There are certain complicated sentences that I cannot stand or translate, therefore I highlight them Then I read documents about the topic on the internet and in other materials After doing so, I will have gained a great deal of knowledge that will allow me to easily explain my ideas through the translation process (For example, in my article, I mostly discuss the use of technology to handle information in business; I read business books and consulted with technology experts.) I also visit libraries and the Bach Dang bookstore on a daily basis to peruse material for my graduation paper Secondly, in addition to reference materials, a dictionary is an essential tool for each translator To locate the finest options for my translation, I used a variety of dictionaries, including internet dictionaries However, if I cannot find the solution in the dictionaries, I must rely on the context of the paragraph using deductive reasoning to identify the true meaning equivalent to the exact meaning, or I seek the answers on the internet in my own method (for example, "What does 'this word' mean?") Thirdly, in order to explain a sentence easily and easily, a translator must have a thorough knowledge of the society as their mother tongue As a result, I read Vietnamese books on a daily basis in order to develop my "expression skills." This also helps a lot when it comes to choosing proper words for the goal document Finally, one of the most challenging issues is the examination of phrase patterns to aid in the accurate comprehension of the author Furthermore, discovering the original content and the message that the author wants to express is a significant component that contributes to the target text's success After consulting dictionaries and reading reference materials, if I am unable to discover answers for the specified version, I will seek the assistance of my supervisor As a result, I encountered several difficulties during my translation process, but I was able to get valuable expertise and advise from my supervisor, Ms Nguyen Thi Bao Yen As we all know, a skilled translator is constantly confronted with difficult tasks As a result, I am unable to avoid errors during the translation process Student: Bui Thi Hoc Code: 2320310441 Graduation Paper Supervisor: Nguyen Thi Bao Yen However, I made all effort to complete the best graduation thesis as well as provide the greatest advised version Student: Bui Thi Hoc Code: 2320310441 Graduation Paper Supervisor: Nguyen Thi Bao Yen CHAPTER CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTIONS 6.1 Conclusion The graduation paper gives me the most realistic opportunity to determine my standard In my graduation speech, I stated that what I have learned via my excellent education is only a small fraction of what I have to offer During the translation process, I gained a lot of good experience I am well aware that developing vocabulary is critical during the translation process Doing translation does not imply simply looking up words in a dictionary and translating them, but rather expressing the author's idea Furthermore, the structures in this chapter, including as passive voice sentences, complex, compound, and compound-complex sentences, are extremely challenging While I learned about them at Duy Tan University for four years, I lack the courage to comprehend and assess them It also allows me to improve my knowledge of sophisticated English grammar and translation capabilities After all, I got a lot of valuable experience during this time, and I hope that what I attempted and accomplished would be recognized and acknowledged by Duy Tan University, Faculty of English, my supervisor, and all teachers who taught me over the course of four years 6.2 Suggestions I have some suggestions for Duy Tan University in general, and Faculty of English in particular, and I hope my suggestions will be useful: First of all, I would like to discuss learning tips To avoid mistakes in the translation process, students should increase their understanding of themselves in a variety of subjects such as culture, economics, politics, society, and specialist techniques such as medical We shall encounter a lack of vocabulary if we not have comprehensive information This will present various challenges to the goal text's quality Furthermore, unifying the grammar, structures, and semantics will make it easier for students to examine the author's thoughts and avoid the mistake of expressing main concepts The translator's job is to convey the source text's meaning and content into the target text As a result, students must enhance their English as a mother tongue, because the most common difficulty is expressing themselves in their original language Most pupils grasp the message, but they are Student: Bui Thi Hoc Code: 2320310441 Graduation Paper Supervisor: Nguyen Thi Bao Yen unable to express it in words More research and reading of reference books in a variety of subjects will help you feel more secure in the translation process With these abilities, students will have the depth and breadth of information required to become a good translator in the future Besides, foreign language departments should develop various courses connected to culture and society in order to boost students' knowledge as well as their home tongue A professional translator is someone who understands not only how to translate a text but also how to apply formulas in the translation process to produce a high-quality and accurate text The translators can express the author's messages in this manner Student: Bui Thi Hoc Code: 2320310441 Supervisor: Nguyen Thi Bao Yen Graduation Paper REFERENCES BOOKS: Hữu Ngọc (2011) Sổ tay người dịch Tiếng Anh Nxb Thế Giới Mai Lan Hương, Hà Thanh Uyên (2020) Giải thích Ngữ pháp tiếng Anh NXB Đà Nẵng Dương Bạch Nhật (2013) Viết Duy Tan University: Department of Foreign Language Nguyễn Mạnh Quang (2013) Translation Theory Duy Tan University: Department of Foreign Language DICTIONARIES: Cambridge Advanced Learner's Dictionary (1995) Cambridge University Press Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English 5th Edition Lacviet dictionary (2002) Vietnam Oxford dictionary (1948) Oxford University WEBSITES: Oxford University Press (1926) Oxford Learner’s Dictionaries Truy xuất từ http://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/ Cambridge University Press (1995) Cambridge Dictionary Truy xuất từ https://dictionary.cambridge.org/vi/ Student: Bui Thi Hoc Code: 2320310441 Graduation Paper Supervisor: Nguyen Thi Bao Yen SUPPERVISOR’S COMMENT Student: Bui Thi Hoc Code: 2320310441 ... “Using Technology to Manage Information” of the book ? ?Introduction to Business? ?? by Lawrence J Gitman, Carl Mc Daniel, Amit Shah, Monique Reece, Linda Koffel, Bethann Talsma, James C Hyatt, 2018 from. .. translating I have to translate text smoothly and naturally Chapter 13 of the book ? ?Introduction to Business? ?? by Lawrence J Gitman, Carl Mc Daniel, Amit Shah, Monique Reece, Linda Koffel, Bethann... ? ?Introduction to Business? ?? written by Lawrence J Gitman, Carl Mc Daniel, Amit Shah, Monique Reece, Linda Koffel, Bethann Talsma, James C Hyatt and published in 2018 1.4 Methods of the study - Reading (scanning