AN ANALYSIS OF THE SUGGESTED TRANSLATION OF CHAPTER 8 FROM THE BOOK “FAMILY COMMUNICATION” BY ANITA L. VANGELISTI, 2007

DUY TAN UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF ENGLISH ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This graduation paper could not have been completed without help, guidance and encouragement of my dear teachers, friends and family First of all, I would like to thank my supervisor Huynh Vu Chi Tam, who helped and provided me with necessary documents I consider myself extremely lucky to have her as my supervisor She always answered my questions in a frank and timely manner, so that GRADUATION I could successfully complete PAPERthis graduation report Next, I would like to express my sincerest thanks to the teachers of the English Department of Duy Tan University, who have provided me with invaluable knowledge duringAN my 4ANALYSIS years of study atOF the school, me to be independent THEallowing SUGGESTED believe in the future TRANSLATION OF CHAPTER FROM THE BOOK In addition, I would also like to thank all of my classmates for supporting “FAMILY BY ANITA L and sharing experiencesCOMMUNICATION” with me during my years at university Finally, I would likeVANGELISTI, to thank my family, 2007 who have always supported and guided me, and most importantly, have always been by my side, supporting me to complete my graduation report on time I wish you good health and great success! Major: English for Translation – Interpretation Yours sincerely SUPERVISOR BUI HOANG MINH TRANG : HUYNH VU CHI TAM, M.A STUDENT : BUI HOANG MINH TRANG CLASS : K24NAB1 STUDENT CODE : 24203113847 DA NANG, 2022 STATEMENT OF AUTHORSHIP Except where reference is made in the text of the thesis, this thesis contains no material published elsewhere or extracted in the whole or in part from a thesis by which have qualified for or been awarded another degree or diploma No other person’s work has been used without due acknowledgement in the thesis This thesis has not been submitted for award of any degree or diploma in any other tertiary institution Danang, April 07th, 2022 BUI HOANG MINH TRANG ABBREVIATIONS Adv: Adverb Adj: Adjective Aux: Auxiliary verb C: Complement C: Subject complemen O: Object P: Preposition SL: Soure language TL: Target language V: Verb TABLE OF CONTENTS CHAPTER INTRODUCTION 1.1 RATIONALE .1 1.2 AIMS AND OBJECTIVES 1.3 The scope of the study 1.3.1 The text features 1.3.2 The Text Length 1.3.3 The Text Organization 1.3.4 The Text Source 1.4 Method of the study CHAPTER THEORETICAL BACKGROUND 2.1 DEFINITION OF TRANSLATION 2.2 TYPES OF CATEGORIES .3 2.2.1 Full vs Partial Translation 2.2.2 Total vs Restricted Translation 2.2.3 Phonological Translation 2.3 METHODS, PRINCIPLES AND RULES OF TRANSLATION 2.3.1 Methods of Translation .5 2.4 PRINCIPLES OF TRANSLATION 2.4.1 Meaning 2.4.2 Form 2.4.3 Register 2.4.4 Style and Clarity 2.4.5 Idiom 2.4.6 Source language fluence 2.4.7 Context in translating CHAPTER 3: SUGGESTED TRANSLATION CHAPTER 4: ANALYSIS 39 4.1 Vocabulary 39 4.1.1 Words with Multi-meaning 39 4.1.2 Idioms 42 4.1.3 Phrasal verb 43 4.2 Structures 45 4.2.1 Simple sentences 45 4.2.2 Compound sentences 46 4.2.3 Complex sentences .46 4.2.3.1 Noun clauses .46 4.2.3.2 Adjective clauses 48 4.2.3.3 Adverbial clauses .50 CHAPTER 5: DIFFICULTIES AND SOLUTIONS .53 5.1 Difficulties 53 5.2 Solutions .54 CHAPTER 6: CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTIONS 56 6.1 Conclusion 56 REFERENCES .59 SUPERVISOR’S COMMENTS 60 CHAPTER INTRODUCTION 1.1 RATIONALE The Handbook serves to advance the field by reframing old questions and stimulating new ones The contents are comprised of chapters covering: theoretical and methodological issues influencing current conceptions of family; research and theory centering around the family life course, communication occurring in a variety of family forms, dynamic communication processes taking place in families New topics reflecting the growth of the discipline, including chapters on "singles" as family members, emerging adults, and physiology and physical health The book is highlighting the work of scholars across disciplines communication, social psychology, clinical psychology, sociology, family studies, and others this volume captures the breadth and depth of research on family communication and family relationships The well-known contributors approach family interaction from a variety of theoretical perspectives and focus on topics ranging from the influence of structural characteristics on family relationships to the importance of specific communication processes 1.2 AIMS AND OBJECTIVES - Summarizing the knowledge I learned in during years of college - Having a suggested translation for students studying with a major in English for translation and interpretation to read and refer - Analyzing complicated words, phrases, idioms, and contexts, etc - Helping myself improve in translating 1.3 The scope of the study The content of the book “The Handbook of Family Communication” tells about the communication patterns in the family and especially mentions the role and meaning of the intact family Through analyzing and comparing intact family type and nonintact family, we understand that the relationship of parents in the family greatly affects the behavior and personality of children In our report, we focus on translating part III chapter 08 of the work During the translation process, we will point out the difficulties we have in translating as well as analyze the difficult grammar structures in this book [Date] 1.3.1 The text features This book consists of VII parts Due to limited time, I decided to translate and analyze the part III chapter 08 “Communication in Intact Families” of the book “The Handbook of Family Communication” There are many solutions to a problem, but choosing the best one in work is difficult This chapter focuses on describing the concept and functions of intact families 1.3.2 The Text Length The book includes 07 parts and 30 chapters, but the time is limited so I have translated only chapter 08 with 4000 words in length The name is “The Handbook of Family Communication” 1.3.3 The Text Organization There are seven parts and thirty chapters in this book, but the time is limited so we have translated only part III Communication in Various Family Forms, chapter Communication in Intact Families 1.3.4 The Text Source This text comes from the book “Handbook of Family Communication” edited by Anita L.Vangelisti - the Jesse H Jones Centennial Professor of Communication at the University of Texas at Austin 1.4 Method of the study In the process of translating this chapter we have used methods such as equivalence technique, adaptation technique and Modulation technique [Date] CHAPTER THEORETICAL BACKGROUND 2.1 DEFINITION OF TRANSLATION There are many concepts given depending on the personal view of each person in each field of life Therefore, translation is the same, there is no certain definition of translation Here are some translation definitions given by linguists around the world: “Translation is the expression in another language (target language) of what has been expressed in one language (source language), preserving semantic and stylistic equivalencies (Peter Newmark, A textbook of translation) “Translation is an act through which the content of a text is transferred from the source language in to the target language.” (Foster, 1958) “Translation is a process of conveying messages across linguistic and cultural barriers” (Tudor Ian, Dr (1965), About translation theory, Cambridge) All in all, translation is understood simply as converting language from one source text to a new document in another language, but still ensuring the exact similarity of meaning and content with the original text 2.2 TYPES OF CATEGORIES There are many types of translation, but in the process of translating the meaning from the original language to the translation language, the translator needs a translation or a translation strategy for the translation to go smoothly and in the right direction Therefore, we need to learn about the different types of translation 2.2.1 Full vs Partial Translation According to J.C Carford in Catford, J.C (1965), “A Linguistic Theory of Translation”, Oxford, there are two categories of tranlation: full and partial (i) Full translation: in the process of translation, every part of the entire text in the Source Language is submitted by the equivalent in the Target Language Example: Viet Nam always maintains macroeconomic stability, ensures social welfare and maintains socio -political stability [Date] → Việt Nam ln trì kinh tế vĩ mô ổn định, bảo đảm an sinh xã hội, giữ vững ổn định trị - xã hội (ii) Partial translation: there are some parts of the SL that are not translated but only put into the TL Example: Áo dài trang phục truyền thống người Việt Nam → Ao Dai is the traditional costume of Vietnamese people 2.2.2 Total vs Restricted Translation (i) Total translation is defined that all levels of the SL text are replaced by TL material However, actually, there is a misunderstanding here because of the term “total translation” We can’t replace all the levels of the SL to the TL, though total replacement is involved Example: Men make house, women make home → Đàn ông xây nhà, đàn bà xây tổ ấm (ii) For J.C Catford, restricted translation means the replacement of SL textual material by equivalent TL one, but only in one level Maybe it is performed only at the phonological or at the graphological level, or at only one of the two levels of grammar and lexis Example: The climate in Bangkok has many characteristics like Vietnam, but less storm → Khí hậu Băng Cốc có nhiều đặc điểm giống với Việt Nam, bão 2.2.3 Phonological Translation Language into the closest sound in the Target Language Meanwhile, transferred word translation means transferring a word in Sources Language into Target Language Example: Beafsteak → Bít tết 2.3 METHODS, PRINCIPLES AND RULES OF TRANSLATION 2.3.1 Methods of Translation In the process of translating the meaning from the original language to the translation language, the translator needs a translation or a translation strategy for the translation to go smoothly and in the right direction Hence, having a good knowledge of translation methods play an important role with translators Below are [Date] some of the translation methods given by M.A Nguyen Manh Quang in the book Translation Theory 2.3.1.1 Word-for-word Translation This type of translation keeps the source language word order; words are translated out of context according to their most common meaning The main use of word-forword translation is either to understand the mechanics of the source language or to construct a difficult text as a pre-translation process Example: Eat fruit miss people plan tree → Ăn nhớ kẻ trồng 2.3.1.2 Literal Translation This type of translation preserves the grammatical structures of the source language where they are translated into their nearest target language equivalents It takes place when the source language and target language share parallel structures Words are translated out of context paying no attention to their connotative meanings Example: The next stop is Main Street → Trạm dừng chân đường 2.3.1.3 Faithful Translation This method maintains a balance between the literal meaning of the source language word and the target language syntactic structures It sounds more reasonable as it takes the context into consideration, aiming at producing more precise meaning of the source language texts Example: He was as fast as a kangaroo → Anh ta phóng nhanh kangaroo 2.3.1.4 Semantic Translation This method maintains a balance between the literal meaning of the source language word and the target language syntactic structures It sounds more reasonable as it takes the context into consideration, aiming at producing more precise meaning of the source language texts Example: Keep off the grass → Cấm giẫm lên bãi cỏ 2.3.1.5 Free Translation This method of translation produces the translated text without the style, form or content of the original text These phrases keep the original sense even though they [Date] It can be used as the subject, direct object, indirect object, object of a preposition, subject complement, or appositive Example 15: “The other two perspectives, in contrast, focus on what families and how they it, meaning that it makes little sense from these perspectives to define families as intact.” [P.6] → Noun clause (Wh-clause) The other two perspectives, focus on what families and how they it, Main clause S+V Suggested translation: “Trái với quan điểm trên, hai quan điểm lại tập trung vào việc mà gia đình gây cách mà họ giải quyết.” [P.6] Example 16: This requires them to make reasonably accurate predictions about each other in regard to how they behave and communicate [P.34] → Noun clause (Wh-clause) This requires them to make reasonably accurate predictions about each other in Main clause regard to how they behave and communicate S+V Suggested translation : “Điều khiến họ phải dự đốn xác đối phương thơng qua cách cư xử giao tiếp (theo Fitzpatrick & Ritchie, 1993; Koerner & Fitzpatrick, 2002b).” [P.34] Suggested translation : “Giao tiếp gia đình đa nguyên đặc trưng thảo luận cởi mở, khơng bị gị bó có tham gia tất thành viên gia đình.”[P.45] 4.2.3.2 Adjective clauses An adjective clause (also called relative clause) is a subordinate clause that modifies a noun or pronoun It tells which one or what kind Adjective clauses almost always come right after the nouns they modify Adjective clauses begin with a relative pronoun, which connects them to the word they describe, such as: that, where, when, who, whom, whose, which, why 47 [Date] Example 17: “Communication in pluralistic families is characterized by open, unconstrained discussions that involve all family members.”[P.45] → Adjective clause (That) Communication in pluralistic families is characterized by open, unconstrained Main clause Discussions that involve all family members S+V Example 18 : “An enduring parental relationship suggests that parents in intact families have more satisfying intimate relationships than adults in nonintact families, which should have a generally positive effect for their own satisfaction and, by extension, for their relationships with their children as well (Gano-Phillips & Fincham, 1995; Noller & Fitzpatrick, 1993).” [P.19] → Adjective clause (Wh-clause) Suggested translation : “Mối quan hệ lâu dài ba mẹ cho thấy ba mẹ gia đình hồn chỉnh có mối quan hệ gần gũi so với cha mẹ gia đình khơng cịn ngun vẹn Điều có tác động tích cực nói chung đến lịng họ phát triển mối quan hệ họ với (theo Gano-Phillips & Fincham, 1995 ; Noller & Fitzpatrick, 1993).” [P.19] Example 19: “two single-parent neighbors who raise their children together also lack some of the attributes of a family.” [P.75] → Adjective clause (Wh-clause) Suggested translation : “Tương tự, hai người đơn thân nuôi chung thiếu số đặc tính gia đình.” [P.75] Example 20: “In other words, the person-centered approach encourages children to develop communication skills that enhance their ability to be empathetic and to take the other person’s perspective on their own behavior.” [P.55] → Adjective clause (That) Suggested translation : “Trong phương pháp lấy người làm trung tâm, ba mẹ nêu kỷ luật cách an ủi cho họ với trọng tâm người khác bị ảnh hưởng hành vi trẻ.” [P.55] 48 [Date] * Reduce relative clause: We can simplify the proposition by using the V-ing phrase, the V-ed phrase, To-inf, the noun phrase, ect  Reduced by using past paraticiple phrase (V-ed phrase): if the verb in a relation clause is in the passive form, use the past participle phrase Example 21 : “Defining a family as intact, then, makes sense only from a structural perspective, which focuses on who is part of a family and where intactness depends on whether a family has all the members ascribed to them, for example, parents and children in a family of procreation.” [P.5] → “Defining a family as intact, then, makes sense only from a structural perspective, which focuses on who is part of a family and where intactness depends on whether a family has all the members who are ascribed to them, for example, parents and children in a family of procreation.” [P.5] “who are ascribed” → “ascribed” Suggested translation : “Do vậy, việc xác định gia đình hồn chỉnh có ý nghĩa thành phần gia đình mức độ hoàn chỉnh phụ thuộc vào thành viên tạo nên từ gia đình chẳng hạn cha mẹ đứa trẻ gia đình hệ.” [P.5]  Reduced by using paraticiple phrases (V-ing phrase): if the verb in a relation clause is in the active form, use the present participle phrase instead Example 22: “For example, a family consisting of two parents and their biological children might meet a structural definition, but if the parents not talk to their children regularly and, as a consequence, the family does not develop a shared identity nor accomplishes much as a group, they lack some fundamental attributes of a family.” [P.8] → “For example, a family which consists of two parents and their biological children might meet a structural definition, but if the parents not talk to their children regularly and, as a consequence, the family does not develop a shared identity nor accomplishes much as a group, they lack some fundamental attributes of a family.” [P.8] 49 [Date] “which consists” → “consisting” Suggested translation : “Ví dụ, gia đình bao gồm cha mẹ ruột đáp ứng định nghĩa cấu trúc cha mẹ khơng nói chuyện với thường xun hậu gia đình khơng phát triển theo sắc chung không đạt thành tựu định nhóm họ thiếu số thuộc tính gia đình.” [P.8] 4.2.3.3 Adverbial clauses An adverbial clause is a dependent clause that modifies the main verb in the independent clause Adverbial clauses always start with a subordinating conjunction and must connect to an independent clause to make sense Example 23: “Social reality is shared only when the family system has agreement, accuracy, and congruence (McLeod & Chaffee, 1972).” [P.28] When: adverbial clause of time Suggested translation: “Thực tế xã hội lan truyền hệ thống gia đình có đồng thuận, xác thống (theo McLeod & Chaffee, 1972).’’ [P.28] Example 24: “Intact families generally experience less conflict and stress than families where the parents are divorced, separated, or widowed (Gano-Phillips & Fincham, 1995).” [P.15] Where: adverbial clause of place Suggested translation: “Các gia đình cịn ngun vẹn thường xảy xung đột căng thẳng gia đình mà cha mẹ ly hơn, ly thân góa phụ (theo GanoPhillips & Fincham, 1995).” [P.15] Example 25: “Because communication skills are not valued and not practiced much, these families often lack the necessary skills to engage productively in conflict resolution.” [P.51] Because: adverbial clause of reason Suggested translation: “Bởi kỹ giao tiếp khơng coi trọng không thực hành nhiều nên gia đình thường thiếu kỹ cần thiết để giải xung đột cách hiệu ” [P.15] 50 [Date] Example 26: “In other words, although it is theoretically possible to define family from only one perspective, in practice families are usually defined from all three perspectives simultaneously.” [P.9] Although: adverbial clause of concession Suggested translation: “Nói cách khác, mặt lý thuyết định nghĩa gia đình từ góc độ nhất, thực tế, gia đình thường định nghĩa đồng thời từ ba góc độ.” [P.9] 4.2.4 Compound – Complex sentences A compound-complex sentence has two or more independent clause(s) and at least one dependent clause Simply put, it is a combination of a compound and complex sentence This sentence type can be a bit confusing to identify since compoundcomplex sentences are pretty long However, this type of sentence gives writers many ways to create sentences Example 27: “Conversely, families low in conversation orientation believe that open and frequent exchanges of ideas, opinion, and values are not necessary for the function of the family in general and for the children’s education and socialization in particular.” [P.41] The independent clause 1: families low in conversation orientation believe that open and frequent exchanges of ideas, opinion Coordinator: And The independent clause 2: values are not necessary for the function of the family in general and for the children’s education and socialization in particular Suggested translation: “Ngược lại, gia đình có định hướng trị chuyện tin việc trao đổi cởi mở thường xuyên ý tưởng, quan điểm giá trị điều không cần thiết vận hành gia đình nói chung việc giáo dục xã hội hóa trẻ em nói riêng.’’ [P.41] 4.2.5 Passive voice The passive voice is used to show interest in the person or object that experiences an action rather than the person or object that performs the action 51 [Date] Example 28: “Each type is characterized by distinct communication behaviors that allow each type to function well in general, although each type has particular strengths and weaknesses in different areas of family life, such as conflict resolution or decision making.” [P.2] - Tenses: Present Simple Tense - Auxiliary verb: is - Main verb: characterized Suggested translation: “Các kiểu hành vi giao tiếp gia đình có tính riêng biệt để phát huy chức nói chung, kiểu có điểm mạnh điểm yếu riêng khía cạnh khác đời sống gia đình, chẳng hạn giải xung đột đưa định.” [P.2] Example 29: “The process of coorientation and its role in creating social reality was described in detail by McLeod and Chaffee and their colleagues (1972, 1973; Kim, 1981).” [P.27] - Tenses: Past Simple Tense - Auxilliary verb: was - Main verb: described Suggested translation: “Quá trình định hướng vai trị việc tạo thực tế xã hội McLeod, Chaffee đồng nghiệp mô tả chi tiết (1972, 1973; Kim, 1981).” [P.27] 52 [Date] CHAPTER 5: DIFFICULTIES AND SOLUTIONS 5.1 Difficulties At the university, I have been taught many translation skills through theorical as well as practical subjects However, translating and analyzing correctly the text is so hard These subjects give me a lot of skills and background knowledge to solve a text, and that make me more familiar with the translation However, every language has its particular characteristic and expression In addition, the grammar, lexis, syntax or specific terms are also affect the quality of suggested version Thus, correctly translating a text from English into Vietnamese is a difficult task To get right, natural, smooth and interest suggested versions, translators are required to have deep specific knowledge about the field they are translating as well as understand structure, lexis used in the text Translation is also a challenge when the translator must reconstruct the original text in the form of SL to TL, especially they must give a concise and exact translated version which is easy for the reader to understand Therefore, being an amateur translator, I also had many problems during the translation process: First, as we know, vocabulary is very important to build up a text Vocabulary may express the special idea of the author as well as the various of language Thus, it is so difficult element that we must pay more attention For eaxmple, there are many words with multi-meaning in English, so finding out the most exact meaning is very difficult These different meanings of the multi-meaning word often make me confused and chose wrong one to translate The multi-word units with a lot of meanings in dictionary require that I have to understand the context and the author’s ideas In addition, untranslated words and synonyms also result in a lot of difficulties in the translation process With the untranslated words, we can’t depend on the dictionary to get their meanings In many cases, we can’t find out the meaning of these words or the meanings aren’t suitable to the context of the text So to solve these words, I need to understand the main author’s idea, then choose their best equivalents in Vietnamses Besides, synonyms, idioms and expressions are also the elements that make me hard to translate 53 [Date] Second, grammar is also a very hard element that we must pay double attention because there are differences of grammar between languages, so I was in a difficult case to solve the grammar in the text The grammar in two languages is so different There are many structures that are very popular in English but not existed in Vietnamese, for example empty subject structure So translating this structure is a challenge for translators because they must understand the author’s idea, then use another structure in Vietnamese to express The diffirence in the custom of using language is an element that we must focus Vietnamese people usually use active voice to express their ideas or intentions, but the passive voice is more used in English That is the reason why many times I translated unnatural and rough The complex structures including relative clause, noun clause, reduced clause, etc usually make me confused in the translation process This kind of structure is very complex and we often misunderstand the ideas if we don’t have a firm knowledge about grammar or we are not careful to analyse sentences In brief, it is uneasy to translate a text successful To have exact versions, translators have a deep knowledge not only about the field that they are translating, but also about structure, lexis in both two languages 5.2 Solutions I have used the skills and experiences that I had acquired at Duy Tan university, as well as sought help from my supervisor Firstly, Because the text lengh was limited, I read whole the original text to comprehend the story's content and growth Then I would concentrate on the chapter which I would continue with the translation and analysis I attentively read and noted new terms and phrases that I had never heard before After that, I used dictionaries such as Oxford Learner's Dictionary, Cambridge Dictionary, Collins Dictionary and vtudien to search the meanings of them and select the appropriate meaning for the targer language Secondly, during sentence parsing which required me to review all of the structures I have learnt in order to correctly identify sentence types and clauses especially, for sentences with many types of clauses, I have tried to recognize the signs of each 54 [Date] type of clauses, since it would be easier for me to identify and analyze the sentence structure Finally, I received dedicated guidance from my supervisor Although I have researched a lot of words on the internet, there were still many words that I cannot fully translate fluently But thanks to my supervisor who has various experience in helping me find the most suitable meanings for the reader In addition, I asked a few other instructors and my friends what I could not found on internet They really helped me a lot during this work graduation thesis 55 [Date] CHAPTER 6: CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTIONS 6.1 Conclusion I got a lot of useful knowledge for myself as well as a lot of experiences during the process of doing my graduation thesis In addition, I also faced with obstacles in the translation process, I have used the skills and experience to resolve this issues This was a great chance for me to improve my shortcomings and expand my expertise The first was about my shortcomings I have realized that not only was my vocabulary still limited, but my ability express in Vietnamese also was not good Although there were many words that I could grasp the meaning, I couldn’t translate into Vietnamese with the meaning suitable for the reader This is due to a lack of vocabulary and experience on my side So I have believed that I need to read a lot of books and communicate in multiple languages Second, despite having a lot of problems with grammar But thanks to the guidance and especially the reference documents of the teachers of Duy Tan University, it really aided me in reviewing my knowledge and analyzing sentence structure Through this graduation thesis, I have better understood my ability including strengths as well as weaknesses I also found that I am quite enthusiastic about translation, particularly in the fields of literature, art, and society, etc Because I have gained new information and displayed my experiences as a result of this Through this graduation thesis, I would like to give some suggestions to the students of the Faculty of Foreign in particular as well as the Faculty of Foreign in general First of all, I think specialized knowledge is very important so I hope students must learn the basics Besides, pupils need to actively acquire knowledge and constantly expand their abilities You should gain new knowledge about various fields that you are studying you can acquire many important things that can benefit you later in the translation process Because practice is an indispensable element of translating and interpreting, students should actively participate in translation groups organized in the school or on social networking sites to have the opportunity 56 [Date] to interact with a lot of new knowledge thereby improve their translation capabilities Furthermore, I hope that the Faculty of Foreign creat many possibilities for students to develop their talents Such as organizing frequent translation competitions so that students to see their own strengths, weaknesses and promote their own learning potential In addition, Faculty of Foreign should provide practical translation environments at enterprises so that students may gain a wealth of experience pertaining to their subject of study as well as life experience Finally, I extremely expect that Faculty of English will add some many practical classes related to the field of translation I very much expect students to be able to apply their specialized knowledge of English in many different jobs in the future 6.2 Suggestions Through this graduation thesis, I would like to give some suggestions to the students of the Faculty of Foreign in particular as well as the Faculty of Foreign in general First of all, I think specialized knowledge is very important so I hope students must learn the basics Besides, pupils need to actively acquire knowledge and constantly expand their abilities You should gain new knowledge about various fields that you are studying you can acquire many important things that can benefit you later in the translation process Because practice is an indispensable element of translating and interpreting, students should actively participate in translation groups organized in the school or on social networking sites to have the opportunity to interact with a lot of new knowledge thereby improve their translation capabilities Furthermore, I hope that the Faculty of Foreign creat many possibilities for students to develop their talents Such as organizing frequent translation competitions so that students to see their own strengths, weaknesses and promote their own learning potential In addition, Faculty of Foreign should provide practical translation environments at enterprises so that students may gain a wealth of experience pertaining to their subject of study as well as life experience Finally, I extremely expect that Faculty of English will add some many practical classes related to the field of translation I very much expect students to be able to apply their specialized knowledge of English in many different jobs in the future 57 [Date] 58 [Date] REFERENCES BOOK A VIETNAMESE BOOK Hữu Ngọc (2012) A handbook for the language translator, Nhà Xuất Bản Thế Giới Nguyễn Mạnh Quang (2013) Translation Theory Textbook Department of Foreign Languages, Duy Tan University Trần Thị Thơ (2008) Basic English Grammar Department of Foreign Languages, Duy Tan University B ENGLISH BOOK Foster, 1958 Peter Newmark, A Textbook of Translation Tudor Ian, Dr (1965), About translation theory, Cambridge DICTIONARIES https://dictionary.cambridge.org/vi/ https://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/definition/english/ https://www.thefreedictionary.com https://dict.laban.vn https://vtudien.com http://tratu.soha.vn/ https://tudongnghia.com https://vdict.com 59 [Date] SUPERVISOR’S COMMENTS 60 [Date] 61 [Date] ... PRINCIPLES AND RULES OF TRANSLATION 2.3.1 Methods of Translation In the process of translating the meaning from the original language to the translation language, the translator needs a translation. .. translating the meaning from the original language to the translation language, the translator needs a translation or a translation strategy for the translation to go smoothly and in the right... [Date] some of the translation methods given by M.A Nguyen Manh Quang in the book Translation Theory 2.3.1.1 Word-for-word Translation This type of translation keeps the source language word