NN AN ANALYSIS OF THE SUGGESTED TRANSLATION OF CHAPTER 3 AND 4 FROM THE BOOK “NO NAME” BY WILKIE COLLINS, 2006

DUY TAN UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF ENGLISH PHAM LE THUY TIEN – GRADUATION PAPER IN ENGLISH LINGUISTICS - 2021 PHAM LE THUY TIEN AN ANALYSIS OF THE SUGGESTED TRANSLATION OF PARTS I-V FROM THE REPORT “SUPPORTING COUNTRIES IN UNPRECEDENTED TIMES” BY THE WORLD BANK, 2020 GRADUATION PAPER IN ENGLISH LINGUISTICS DA NANG, 2021 DUY TAN UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF ENGLISH GRADUATION PAPER AN ANALYSIS OF THE SUGGESTED TRANSLATION OF PARTS I-V FROM THE REPORT “SUPPORTING COUNTRIES IN UNPRECEDENTED TIMES” BY THE WORLD BANK, 2020 Major : English for Translation and Interpretation SUPERVISOR : NGUYEN THI DIEU TRAM, M.A STUDENT : PHAM LE THUY TIEN CLASS : K23NAB STUDENT CODE: 23203111719 DA NANG, 2021 Graduation Paper i Supervisor: Nguyen Thi Dieu Tram, M.A ACKNOWLEDGEMENT  This graduation paper could not be finished without the invaluable help, advice and encouragement of my teachers, family and the enthusiastic help of my friends Therefore, I would like to acknowledge my sincere thanks to all of them First of all, I would like to thank the teachers at English Department of Duy Tan University who taught and helped me during my time studying at the school In addition, I also want to say thank you to Duy Tan Management Board for creating good conditions and learning environment for me as well as all the students Secondly, I would like to express my deep thanks to Mrs Nguyen Thi Dieu Tram, M.A., who dedicated to helping, supporting and imparting a lot of knowledge and experience during my learning and practice process so that I can complete this graduation report Next, I would like to give special thanks to my family for their invaluable encouragement and support Besides, I also sincerely thank my friends for their help and concern Finally, I am deeply grateful to all of you and wish you all good health and success! I hope that this graduation paper will achieve great success Yours sincerely! Pham Le Thuy Tien Student: Pham Le Thuy Tien Code: 23203111719 Graduation Paper ii Supervisor: Nguyen Thi Dieu Tram, M.A STATEMENT OF AUTHORSHIP  Except where reference is made in the text of the thesis, this thesis contains no material published elsewhere or extracted in the whole or in part from a thesis by which I have qualified for or been awarded another degree or diploma No other person’s work has been used without due acknowledgement in the thesis This thesis has not been submitted for award of any degree or diploma in any other tertiary institution Da Nang, May 2021 PHAM LE THUY TIEN Student: Pham Le Thuy Tien Code: 23203111719 Graduation Paper iii Supervisor: Nguyen Thi Dieu Tram, M.A ABSTRACT  This paper is a translation of the World Bank’s 2020 annual report on “Supporting Countries in Unprecedented Time” The annual report covers the period from July 1st, 2019 to June 30th, 2020, and it is prepared by the World Bank It is about a turbulent year in the World Economy before the Covid-19 epidemic as well as the problems faced by nations However, because of the limited time, I chose to translate the first parts from part to part of this annual report My graduation paper includes introduction, theoretical background, original version, suggested translation and analysis In addition, this paper presents my problems and solutions during the translation process Student: Pham Le Thuy Tien Code: 23203111719 Graduation Paper iv Supervisor: Nguyen Thi Dieu Tram, M.A ABBREVIATIONS COVID-19 : Corona Virus Disease 2019 G20 : the Group of Twenty IBRD : the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development ICSID : the International Centre for Settlement of Investment Disputes IDA : the International Development Association IFC : the International Finance Corporation IMF : International Monetary Fund MIGA : the Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency SL : Source Language TL : Target Language Student: Pham Le Thuy Tien Code: 23203111719 Graduation Paper v Supervisor: Nguyen Thi Dieu Tram, M.A TABLE OF CONTENTS STATEMENT OF AUTHORSHIP ii ABSTRACT iii TABLE OF CONTENTS v CHAPTER1 INTRODUCTION 1.1 Rationale 1.2 Aims and Objectives .1 1.2.1 Aims 1.2.2 Objectives 1.3 Scope of the study 1.3.1 Text Features 1.3.2 Text Length .3 1.3.3 Text Organization 1.3.4 Text Source 1.4 Method of the Study .4 1.4.1 Translating Methods 1.4.2 Analyzing Methods CHAPTER THEORETICAL BACKGROUND 2.1 Translation Theory 2.1.1 Definition of Translation 2.1.2 Types of categories 2.1.2.1 Full vs Partial Translation 2.1.2.2 Total vs restricted translation 2.1.2.3 Phonological translation 2.1.2.4 Graphological Translation 2.1.2.5 Transliteration 2.2 Principles and Methods of Translation 2.2.1 Principles 2.2.1.1 Meaning Student: Pham Le Thuy Tien Code: 23203111719 Graduation Paper vi Supervisor: Nguyen Thi Dieu Tram, M.A 2.2.1.2 Form 2.2.1.3 Register 10 2.2.1.4 Source language influence 10 2.2.1.5 Idiom 10 2.2.1.6 Style and Clarity .10 2.2.2 Methods 11 2.2.2.1 Word-for-word Translation .11 2.2.2.2 Literal Translation 11 2.2.2.3 Faithful Translation 12 2.2.2.4 Semantic translation .12 2.2.2.5 Adaptation Translation 13 2.2.2.6 Idiomatic Translation 13 2.2.2.7 Free Translation 14 2.2.2.8 Communicative Translation 14 2.2.3 Context in translating 15 CHAPTER SUGGESTED TRANSLATION .16 CHAPTER ANALYSIS 50 4.1 Vocabulary 50 4.1.1 Words with multi-meaning 50 4.1.2 Untranslatable words and phrases 57 4.1.3 Specific terms in economy 60 4.1.4 Idioms and Expressions 64 4.2 Structures .65 4.2.1 Transformational Structures 65 4.2.1.1 Passive Voice 66 4.2.1.2 Existential “there” 67 4.2.2 Complex structure 68 4.2.2.1 Complex structures with noun clause .69 4.2.2.2 Complex structures with relative clause 70 Student: Pham Le Thuy Tien Code: 23203111719 Graduation Paper vii Supervisor: Nguyen Thi Dieu Tram, M.A 4.2.2.3 Complex structures with reduced clause 72 CHAPTER DIFFICULTIES AND SOLUTIONS .75 5.1 Difficulties 75 5.2 Solutions .76 CHAPTER CONCLUSIONS AND SUGGESTIONS 79 6.1 Conclusions 79 6.2 Suggestions 80 6.2.1 Implications for learning .80 6.2.2 Implications for teaching .81 REFERENCES .vi Student: Pham Le Thuy Tien Code: 23203111719 Graduation Paper Supervisor: Nguyen Thi Dieu Tram, M.A CHAPTER1 INTRODUCTION 1.1 Rationale Nowadays, globalization is an important issue of all countries in the world, in which the economy becomes a remarkable field In addition, the economy is said to be the foundation of society, bringing about both social and political stability Therefore, the economy is always one of the topics that are of great interest and attention to each country around the world With a period of globalization as the present, the fact that countries can integrate into the world community is a real thing that needs to be emphasized This is also a goal of our country And to achieve this, we need to understand the curent state of the world in order to be easily accessible Moreover, with the changes and fluctuations as in the last 2019-2020 period, timely grasping the global economic situation as well as knowing the current difficulties and challenges of countries is a great task Hence, translation will be a tool to help us get closer; it also helps quickly grasp the current movement of many economic sources in the world, easy access and integration As an English-majored student, I am fortunate to have the opportunity to access this report, so I hope this paper can help those who are in concern to better understand the international situation In addition, the book also provides a lot of information about the current situation of the countries facing and timely support in unprecedented circumstances So I chose the annual report 2020 “Supporting Countries in Unprecedented Times” by the World Bank as the research paper for my graduation 1.2 Aims and Objectives 1.2.1 Aims - To produce appropriate translated version - To indicate my ability in translation - To improve skills in analysis 1.2.2 Objectives Student: Pham Le Thuy Tien Code: 23203111719 Graduation Paper 70 Supervisor: Nguyen Thi Dieu Tram, M.A production and distribution of vital medical supplies” is noun clause standing as object modifying the verb “to ensure” Depending on the analysis, I translated it into Vietnamese: Suggested Version: “Bằng cách ủng hộ tài trợ thương mại, IFC MIGA bổ sung thêm nhiều cho nỗ lực Tập đoàn Ngân hàng nhằm đảm bảo chuỗi cung ứng tồn cầu trì, đặc biệt việc sản xuất phân phối nguồn cung cấp y tế quan trọng.” Example 34: “Technology has also affected how governments operate and interact with citizens, improving transparency and service delivery.” (Paragraph 46) The noun clause we’re find out in this sentence “how governments operate and interact with citizens” standing as object of the verb “affected” Depending on the analysis, I translated it into Vietnamese: Suggested Version: “Cơng nghệ ảnh hưởng đến cách phủ vận hành tương tác với người dân, cải thiện tính minh bạch cung cấp dịch vụ.” Example 35: “We advocated for strong social protection programs for the poorest and most vulnerable to ensure that people can afford to eat and access basic food supplies, while helping protect livelihoods.” (Paragraph 27) As we can easily recognize the sentence containing "that" is the noun clause Just like all nouns, noun clauses can act as the direct object of a verb They follow verb “to ensure” to inform the reader where the action is going Hence, I have a suggested version as: Suggested Version: “Chúng ủng hộ mạnh mẽ chương trình bảo trợ xã hội cho người nghèo dễ bị tổn thương để đảm bảo người có đủ đồ ăn tiếp nhận nguồn thực phẩm bản, đồng thời hỗ trợ bảo vệ sinh kế.” 4.2.2.2 Complex structures with relative clause Besides the noun clause, the relative clause is also one of the remarkable Student: Pham Le Thuy Tien Code: 23203111719 Graduation Paper 71 Supervisor: Nguyen Thi Dieu Tram, M.A problems in translation The relative clause (also called adjective clause or subordinate clause) is a subordinate clause introduced by a relative pronoun, adjective or adverb, either expressed or deleted, especially such a clause modifying an antecedent Besides, it functions as an adjective even though it is made up of a group of words instead of just one word and all the words work together to modify the noun or pronoun Moreover, the relative clause is rarely used in Vietnamese, so this is also a big challenge for translators when translating To solve this problem, I often ignore the relative pronoun or convert it into another form so that the translation is more familiar to the reader Example 36: “The Bank is helping the most vulnerable countries evaluate their debt sustainability and transparency, which are both essential to good development outcomes.” (Paragraph 8) As you can see, there is a relative clause here “which are both essential to good development outcomes” It is a subordinate clause which refers to the phrase “their debt sustainability and transparency” in the clause before Suggested Version: “Ngân hàng giúp quốc gia dễ bị tổn thương đánh giá tính bền vững minh bạch nợ họ, hai yếu tố cần thiết để đạt kết phát triển tốt.” Example 37: “Debt relief is a powerful, fast-acting measure that can bring real benefits to the people in poor countries.” (Paragraph 33) The main clause contains an adjective clause “that can bring real benefits to the people in poor countries” It modifies the noun “measure” Depending on the analysis, I simply translated it as: Suggested Version: “Xóa nợ biện pháp hiệu quả, nhanh chóng, mang lại lợi ích thực cho người dân nước nghèo” Example 38: “We express our heartfelt thanks to the staff, who have worked tirelessly to mobilize resources in fighting these unprecedented global health, Student: Pham Le Thuy Tien Code: 23203111719 Graduation Paper 72 Supervisor: Nguyen Thi Dieu Tram, M.A social, and economic crises.” (Paragraph 17) This sentence has a relative clause “who have worked tirelessly to mobilize resources in fighting these unprecedented global health, social, and economic crises” The pronoun “who” have used to take place of a noun “the staff”, which helps us to know the people the speaker wants to talk about In this case, I have translated as follows: Suggested Version: “Chúng bày tỏ cảm ơn chân thành đến đội ngũ nhân viên, người làm việc không ngừng nghỉ để huy động nhiều nguồn lực chiến chống lại khủng hoảng toàn cầu kinh tế, xã hội sức khỏe vốn chưa có này.” Example 39: “We are also working with countries to realize a rapid transition to the digital economy, which can boost productivity, increase financial inclusion, and create jobs.” (Paragraph 47) The clause “which can boost productivity, increase financial inclusion, and create jobs” is a non-defining clause It modifies in the noun phrase “the digital economy” Depending on the analysis, I simply translated it: Suggested Version: “Chúng làm việc với quốc gia để thực trình chuyển đổi nhanh chóng sang kinh tế kỹ thuật số, thúc đẩy suất, tăng khả bao quát tài tạo việc làm.” 4.2.2.3 Complex structures with reduced clause As we know that sentence with reduced clause is very important in English because using it makes the sentence more interested In many cases, some parts in the clause are reduced such as relative pronoun in adjective clause or subject and to be in adverbial clause Reduced clause involves two kinds: reduced adjective clause and reduced adverbial clause Thus, it is a challenge for us to define and translate it Sometimes, we wrongly determine the function of the reduced clause that results in translating not exactly To solve this problem, I often analyzed and found the omitting parts in the sentence, them carefully transfer them into Vietnamese Student: Pham Le Thuy Tien Code: 23203111719 Graduation Paper 73 Supervisor: Nguyen Thi Dieu Tram, M.A Example 40: “The 19th replenishment of IDA was approved in March, securing a three-year $82 billion financing package for the world’s 76 poorest countries.” (Paragraph 10) In this sentence, we have a reduced relative clause The present participle phrase “securing a three-year $82 billion financing package for the world’s 76 poorest countries” is a reduced adjective clause If I reproduce the clause as “The 19th replenishment of IDA was approved in March, which secures a three-year $82 billion financing package for the world’s 76 poorest countries”, besides it is verbose and unnatural Thus, I have translated as follows: Suggested Version: “Việc bổ sung IDA lần thứ 19 phê duyệt vào tháng 3, đảm bảo gói tài trợ 82 tỷ la năm cho 76 quốc gia nghèo giới.” Example 41: “The Women Entrepreneurs Finance Initiative (We-Fi), hosted by the Bank Group, works to remove regulatory and legal barriers that women face and help them gain access to the financing, markets, and networks they need to succeed.” (Paragraph 13) In this sentence, we can see that this sentence has a reduced relative clause “hosted by the Bank Group” modifying “The Women Entrepreneurs Finance Initiative” And the source clause must be “which was hosted by the Bank Group” the relative pronoun “which” was reduced and replaced by a past participle “hosted” in the new sentence Therefore, I translated this sentence into Vietnamese as following: Suggested Version: “Sáng kiến Tài Doanh nhân Nữ (We-Fi), Tập đoàn Ngân hàng tổ chức, hoạt động nhằm xóa bỏ rào cản quy định pháp lý mà phụ nữ phải đối mặt cịn giúp họ tiếp cận với nguồn tài chính, thị trường hệ thống mà họ cần để thành công.” Example 42: “In early 2020, the coronavirus pandemic (COVID-19) struck countries around the world, presenting enormous challenges to health systems and spurring widespread shutdowns, school and business closures, and job losses.” Student: Pham Le Thuy Tien Code: 23203111719 Graduation Paper 74 Supervisor: Nguyen Thi Dieu Tram, M.A (Paragraph 25) In this sentence, we have a reduced relative clause The phrase “presenting enormous challenges to health systems and spurring widespread shutdowns, school and business closures, and job losses” is a reduced adjective clause If I reproduce the clause as “In early 2020, the coronavirus pandemic (COVID-19) struck countries around the world, which presented enormous challenges…” In addition, it is verbose and unnatural Thus, I have translated as follows: Suggested Version: “Vào đầu năm 2020, đại dịch coronavirus (COVID-19) công nhiều quốc gia giới, gây thách thức to lớn hệ thống y tế tình trạng đóng cửa biên giới diện rộng, trường học doanh nghiệp phải ngừng hoạt động thêm vào việc làm.” Student: Pham Le Thuy Tien Code: 23203111719 Graduation Paper 75 Supervisor: Nguyen Thi Dieu Tram, M.A CHAPTER DIFFICULTIES AND SOLUTIONS 5.1 Difficulties This report is one of the important steps for me to complete my study in four years of university This is also an opportunity for me to practice and present the knowledge, which I have learned When translating a text, translators need to have knowledge, skills, language translation experience and specialized skills to be able to convey accurately, coherently and clearly to readers However, each language will have its own characteristics and expressions Besides, vocabulary, grammar, syntax or specific terms will also be a different challenge for translators Therefore, the correctly translating a text from English into Vietnamese is a very difficult problem In the process of translating this document, to be able to give a clear, easyto-understand and accurate translation to the reader, I must carefully examine each word to improve it, as well as I have met many difficulties First, in terms of vocabulary, this is a starting point and is very important for any language It is very rich and varied Vocabulary is the first element that can be built into a text and it also shows the idea of the author wants to convey Thus, vocabulary is one of the difficulties that we need to pay attention During the translation process, there are many words with multi-meaning in English, which make me difficult to find the exact meaning Many different meanings of a word that make me confused and easy chose wrong it when translating Besides, some words need to be translated based on the context and ideas in the author's sentence to translate Furthermore, synonyms, antonyms and idioms also lead to a lot difficulties in the translation process Therefore, I take a lot of time to research carefully and come up with the most suitable translation Second, the topic of Economics, this is a popular topic but it is also a very broad field Although I have had access to this field, I have not yet translated in depth Therefore, in the process of translating this text, I come across many new economic terms and sometimes there are some words that are not defined in the dictionary Hence, these presented a challenge to me Student: Pham Le Thuy Tien Code: 23203111719 Graduation Paper 76 Supervisor: Nguyen Thi Dieu Tram, M.A Third, in terms of grammar, this is a very difficult element and requires a lot of attention as well as it is also an important factor for building a complete document Besides, because of the grammatical difference in the two languages, I fell into difficult situations There are some structures, which are very common in English but less commonly used in Vietnamese like passive voice or empty subject structures For Vietnamese people often use active voice to express their ideas, but British people often communicate ideas in a passive voice Therefore, when translating these structures, I need to understand the author's intention to translate into Vietnamese in the most understandable way In addition, some very long and complicated sentence structures such as noun clause, relative clause, reduced clause are difficult problems These structures are often very complex and confusing If we not have a firm knowledge of grammar, it will be very difficult to analyze sentences for translation The structural problems in the sentences made me very confused during my translation Finally, the tone in the text, which is an issue to consider when translating from SL into TL is easily accessible Since two languages are different from two different cultures, there are also different styles, so I also need to cultivate appropriate words and carefully to be able to convey the author's ideas and approach to the reader easily To summarize, to translate a successful translation is a very difficult thing from many problems in the language Moreover, to fully convey the source language is a big challenge for translators Therefore, in order to get a correct translation, the translator needs to have strong background knowledge and in-depth knowledge in both languages 5.2 Solutions During the translation process, I encountered many difficulties and challenges, so I need to deal with and draw lessons for myself I have a couple of workarounds as follows: Firstly, before entering translation, I have read the original text many times to Student: Pham Le Thuy Tien Code: 23203111719 Graduation Paper 77 Supervisor: Nguyen Thi Dieu Tram, M.A get an overview and grasp the main idea of the author Besides, I will highlight or circle all words, phrases and structures that are new and difficult to translate with me After that, it will be easier for me to notice these points while I translate Moreover, as I see that in order to translate a topic well, I think it is necessary to cultivate a lot of knowledge about that field I need to search for more documents, read more books, or watch domestic and international news programs on the topic to make it easier to translate Besides, I also look for information in the library or search for documents on the Internet Through this above, I have been provided with a great deal of knowledge about economic fields and it is very helpful for me to deal with some specialized words and phrases when translating this text In addition, I also discussed and discussed with my friends to get more ideas Secondly, in the translation process, dictionary is an indispensable tool for translators I have used many types of dictionary such as: Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary, Lingoes Essential Dictionary, English - Vietnamese dictionary of Linguistic Institute, etc to find out the most suitable meaning Besides, I also searched for specialized economic terms on the Internet However, there are some words that cannot find the definition in the dictionary or can not look up on the ineternet, I will put them in the context of the sentence to guess the meaning After that, I will carefully review whether that meaning are appropriate and correct or not Therefore, it is very helpful in learning English and helps me to increase my vocabulary Thirdly, in terms of the structures in my sentences, I have to master the learned syntax to be able to solve the translation effectively There are many constructs in this translation such as noun clause, relative clause, reduced clause or passive sentence With these challenged constructs, I will analyze them thoroughly to determine their factors Besides, I read and review the advanced grammar and syntax again Sometimes, if there are any structures that I am not sure or forget about, I will review them to be able to grasp and avoid confusion At the same time, I will also pay attention to analyze these structures in order to properly apply the Student: Pham Le Thuy Tien Code: 23203111719 Graduation Paper 78 Supervisor: Nguyen Thi Dieu Tram, M.A rules Deeply understanding about the function of structure is crucial to accurate analysis and translation Knowledge about the target language is also essential for a successful translation When translating text, we need to define the context to bring the best translation In short, in the translation process, translators always face many challenges It is required that translators need to have a solid grasp of the structure, grammar as well as knowledge of both languages to be able to translate correctly If not, it will be easy to make mistakes and I am not exception I also encountered many difficulties and challenges during my translation process However, I tried my best to solve the problems and give the best suggestion Student: Pham Le Thuy Tien Code: 23203111719 Graduation Paper 79 Supervisor: Nguyen Thi Dieu Tram, M.A CHAPTER CONCLUSIONS AND SUGGESTIONS 6.1 Conclusions In the process of completing of my graduation paper, I realized that it is not easy to become a good translator This reminds me to constantly try as well as learn to cultivate more knowledge and experience Besides, I have faced many difficulties and gained many valuable lessons for myself Due to limited knowledge as well as time, the paper cannot avoid shortcomings in the implementation process During the four years at the university is a very important time for me because it is the time that I have learned, accumulated and equipped a lot of knowledge to become a good translator Thanks to the learned knowledge that helped me complete this graduate paper Moreover, I have had fostered in my vocabulary and knowledge in my translation’s skill and at the same time accumulated many valuable lessons after completing my graduation paper As we know, to achieve a good graduation thesis, you must have a mastery of vocabulary and sentence structure I realized that my vocabulary is not really rich and I lack vocabulary in both SL and TL, so I sometimes get confused while translating Besides, there were many words that I didn’t know that makes me difficult to translate Moreover, Vietnamese words are also very diverse, so it is inevitable to use clumsy words while changing languages Because of that, improving the vocabulary is very important and necessary I need to practice and improve every day Besides, sentence structures or difficult grammar points are also one of my problems There are some difficult structures in the essay which confuse me such as noun clause, adjective clause or reduced clause It is very easy to get confused when the sentence did not analyzed carefully Through this report is a good opportunity for me to practice and improve my grammar knowledge Next, when choosing to translate in a certain field, it is required that Student: Pham Le Thuy Tien Code: 23203111719 Graduation Paper 80 Supervisor: Nguyen Thi Dieu Tram, M.A translators have specific knowledge in the field to get the most accurate translation Since choosing the economic topic, I also encountered some difficulties Although I have also approached this topic, but I completely not have in-depth knowledge about it Therefore, I have tried to find and research more about information in this economic field in order to perfect the translation and convey the message of the author This is a very valuable and rewarding experience for me At the same time, in the process of making this graduation report, I have learned many useful things and gained valuable experiences My translation skill is also more improved At times, I cannot transform the undefined words or phrases in the dictionary Lately, however, I know how to converse these meanings based on context This is very helpful Now, when encountering other translations, I was able to better handle the problems and come up with the most complete translation I think this is a great opportunity for me to improve my English skills as well as skills for my future career In addition, I also recognized that I still have many shortcomings in translation Hence, I must constantly try to learn and improve my knowledge and skills so that I can become a good translator 6.2 Suggestions 6.2.1 Implications for learning Through what we have learned, only a part of the vast knowledge block is reached Therefore, to become a good translator, we are constantly improving and improving our own knowledge Students need to master the structure, syntax, v.v that will help to easily understand the author's intention, limit errors and avoid miscommunicating during translation Good reading skills will help solve this problem effectively Besides, it is necessary to equip firmly knowledge in various fields to be easily accessible when they encounter Next, students have to expand their vocabulary even in English as well as the mother tongue There are many ways we can learn new words like reading newspapers, reading books, watching news regularly, v.v that is easy to access and Student: Pham Le Thuy Tien Code: 23203111719 Graduation Paper 81 Supervisor: Nguyen Thi Dieu Tram, M.A provides a powerful aid to increasing your daily vocabulary With a large vocabulary will help us to deal with the translation more naturally and fluently In addition, students need to apply some translation skills to get the best and most suitable translation Some problems such as avoiding abuse or repeating words require students to study carefully before using them to get the best translation Moreover, knowledge is extremely vast and limitless, so we must always update and improve our knowledge every day 6.2.2 Implications for teaching During the study, I also received a lot of support from the Faculty of English as well as Duy Tan University so that I could my best Nevertheless, I still need to give some suggestions to the faculty, and I hope that these suggestions are useful First, I think teachers should provide students with many opportunities to improve their translation skills Focus more on sentence analysis so that students can gain insight into the problem At the same time, increase the amount of time for translation in the curriculum for students to practice more Second, teachers should assist in enhancing their cultural knowledge and equipping students with a rich knowledge and native language These factors are critical for better student translation Third, I think the school should have some more subjects similar to PBL 496 (Project-Based Learning) so that we can have practical experiences when doing projects This is very important to give students practical experience to apply in their projects Lastly, the project time is also a bit short This also makes it difficult for students to choose a field or to analyze Therefore, I think the Faculty of English should increase the implementation time for students In addition, the assignment of instructors, every teacher should only guide about four students to best support Student: Pham Le Thuy Tien Code: 23203111719 Graduation Paper Supervisor: Nguyen Thi Dieu Tram, M.A REFERENCES I BOOKS English [1] Thakeray, W.M (1796) Vanity Fair Oxford: Oxford University Press [2] Catford, J.C (1965) A Linguistic Theory of Translation Oxford: Oxford University Press [3] Tudor Ian, Dr (1965) About translation theory Cambridge [4] The World Bank (2020) World Bank Annual report 2020: Supporting Countries in Unprecedented Times [5] Colleen McCullough (1979) The Thorn Birds HarperCollins [6] Roger, T.B (1991) Translation Cambridge University Press [7] Adorno, T.W (2001) The Stars Down to Earth: The Los Angeles Times Astrology Column Routledge [8] Blackwell Duff A (1990) Translation Oxford: O.U.P [9] Lord Byron (1813) When We Two Parted Vietnamese [10] Thạch Lam (2010) Gió Lạnh Đầu Mùa Literature Publisher [11] Trần Chí Thiện (2002) 1000 câu hay tiếng anh Ho Chi Minh City Publishing House [12] Minh Thu, & Nguyễn Hòa (2003) Luyện dịch Anh Việt NXB Trẻ II WEBSITES [13] https://kdtqt.duytan.edu.vn/Home/ArticleDetail/vn/33/5138/full-andpartial-translation [14] https://www.ielts-exam.net/ielts_reading/636/ [15] http://www.wikipedia.org [16] https://idioms.thefreedictionary.com/ [17] http://download.tienganh123.com/voa-video-news/bai9/bai9-voa-videonews-pdf.pdf [18] https://elight.edu.vn/top-140-idioms/ Student: Pham Le Thuy Tien Code: 23203111719 Graduation Paper Supervisor: Nguyen Thi Dieu Tram, M.A [19] http://vdict.com/ [20] http://tratu.soha.vn/ III DICTIONARIES [21] Anh- Anh- Việt Dictionary, NXB Hồng Đức [22] Lingoes Dictionary [23] Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary [24] Cambridge Dictionary Student: Pham Le Thuy Tien Code: 23203111719 Graduation Paper Supervisor: Nguyen Thi Dieu Tram, M.A SUPERVISOR’S COMMENTS Student: Pham Le Thuy Tien Code: 23203111719 ... function and be suitable for different translations When translating, we should understand the types of translation so that we can distinguish different translation methods and perform better translation. .. Word-for-word Translation Word-for-word translation is often meant by an interlinear translation with the TL immediately below the SL words In the word-for-word translation, the word order of the SL... [2] ? ?Translation is a process of conveying messages across linguistic and cultural barriers” [3] In short, translation is the transition of the language that the translator will express from