NN AN ANALYSIS OF a SUGGESTED TRANSLATION OF CHAPTERS 1, 2 3 FROM THE BOOK “LIVING IN THE LIGHT a GUIDE TO PERSONAL TRANSFORMATION” BY SHATKI GAWAIN AND LAUREL KING, 1998

MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND TRAINING DUY TAN UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF ENGLISH GRADUATION THESIS VU KHANH NHI AN ANALYSIS OF A SUGGESTED TRANSLATION OF CHAPTERS 1, & FROM THE BOOK “LIVING IN THE LIGHT_ A GUIDE TO PERSONAL TRANSFORMATION” BY SHATKI GAWAIN AND LAUREL KING, 1998 Major: English for Translation and Interpretation SUPERVISOR: BUI THI KIM PHUNG, M.A STUDENT : VU KHANH NHI CLASS : K23NAB1 STUDENT CODE : 2320315578 DA NANG, 2021 GRADUATION THESIS Supervisor: Bui Thi Kim Phung, M.A ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS During the time I study at Duy Tan University, I have been enthusiastically taught by the teachers, they have imparted me very useful knowledge that I find would really useful for my career in the future I would like to sincerely thank the school administrators and the teachers of the Foreign Language Department for their dedication in guiding me to complete the courses well In particular, I would like to send to Ms Bui Thi Kim Phung – who has wholeheartedly guided and helped me complete this graduation paper, my deepest thanks I wish all the teachers more health and luck to strive for more high achievements in teaching I wish Duy Tan University will forever be the belief, a solid foundation for many generations of students with their learning journey Besides, I would like to thank my family and friends for supporting me throughout the process of completing this graduation paper Given the limited time and experience, the shortcomings of this graduation paper cannot be avoided I look forward to receiving the guidance and opinions of the teachers so that I can supplement, learn from experience and better serve the practical work later Thank you so much! Sincerely Student Vu Khanh Nhi Student: VU KHANH NHI Code: K23.701 GRADUATION THESIS Supervisor: Bui Thi Kim Phung, M.A STATEMENT OF AUTHORSHIP Except where reference is made in the text of the thesis, this thesis contains no material published elsewhere or extracted in the whole or in part from a thesis by which I have qualified for or been awarded another degree or diploma No other person’s work has been used without due acknowledgement in the thesis This thesis has not been submitted for award of any degree or diploma in any other tertiary institution Da- nang, December 2021 Vu Khanh Nhi Student: VU KHANH NHI Code: K23.701 GRADUATION THESIS Supervisor: Bui Thi Kim Phung, M.A ABSTRACT This paper is a suggested translation of Chapters 1, 2, and of Shatki Gawain and Laurel King's book "Living in the Light: A Guide to Personal Transformation." In addition, in this book, I also examine some complex problems such as vocabularies and structures As a result, I explain some of the difficulties and solutions I faced when translating at the conclusion of this graduation paper Student: VU KHANH NHI Code: K23.701 GRADUATION THESIS Supervisor: Bui Thi Kim Phung, M.A ABBREVIATIONS SL : source language TL : target language S : Subject V : Verb O : Object A : Adverbial C : Complement Adv : Adverb Living in the light : Living in the light_a guide to personal transformation Student: VU KHANH NHI Code: K23.701 GRADUATION THESIS Supervisor: Bui Thi Kim Phung, M.A TABLE OF CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS i STATEMENT OF AUTHORSHIP ii ABSTRACT iii ABBREVIATIONS .iv CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION 1.1 Rationale 1.2 Aims and Objectives 1.2.1 Aims 1.2.2 Objectives 1.3 Scope of the Study 1.3.1 Text Features .2 1.3.2 Text Length .2 1.3.3 Text Organization .2 1.3.4 Text Source 1.4 Methods of the Study CHAPTER 2: THEORETICAL BACKGROUND 2.1 Translation Theory 2.1.1 Definition of Translation 2.1.2 Types of Categories 2.1.2.1 Full vs Partial Translation 2.1.2.2 Total vs Restricted Translation 2.1.2.3 Phonological Translation 2.1.2.4 Graphological Translation 2.1.2.5 Transliteration 2.1.2.6 Free, Literal, and Word-for-word Translation .6 2.2 Principles and Methods of Translation 2.2.1 Principles 2.2.1.1 Meaning 2.2.1.2 Form 2.2.1.3 Register .7 Student: VU KHANH NHI Code: K23.701 GRADUATION THESIS Supervisor: Bui Thi Kim Phung, M.A 2.2.1.4 Source language influence 2.2.1.5 Idiom 2.2.1.6 Style and Clarity 2.2.2 Methods of Translation 2.2.2.1 Word-for-word Translation 2.2.2.2 Literal Translation 2.2.2.3 Faithful Translation 2.2.2.4 Semantic Translation 2.2.2.5 Adaptation 10 2.2.2.6 Idiomatic Translation 10 2.2.2.7 Communicative Translation 10 2.2.2.8 Free translation 11 CHAPTER 3: SUGGESTED TRANSLATION .12 ENGLISH VERSION 12 VIETNAMESE VERSION 12 CHAPTER 4: ANALYSIS 42 4.1 Vocabulary .42 4.1.1 Multi - Meaning Words 42 4.1.2 Phrasal verbs 47 4.1.3 Idioms .49 4.1.4 Words and phrases with no appropriate meaning in dictionary .50 4.2 Structures .51 4.2.1 Compound Sentences .51 4.2.2 Complex Sentences 52 4.2.2.1 Complex sentences with Adverbial Clause 54 4.2.2.2 Complex sentences with relative clause 55 4.2.2.3 Complex sentences with Noun Clause 57 4.2.3 Compound-complex Sentences 58 4.2.4 Passive Voice 61 4.3 Empty Subject .62 4.4 Imperative sentence .63 CHAPTER DIFFICULTIES AND SOLUTIONS .64 Student: VU KHANH NHI Code: K23.701 GRADUATION THESIS Supervisor: Bui Thi Kim Phung, M.A 5.1 Difficulties 64 5.1.1 Vocabulary: .64 5.1.2 Structures: .64 5.2 Solutions 65 5.2.1 Vocabulary: .65 5.2.2 Structures: .65 CHAPTER 6: CONCLUSIONS AND SUGGESTIONS 66 6.1 Conclusions 66 6.2 Suggestions .66 REFERENCES .67 SUPERVISOR’S COMMENTS 69 Student: VU KHANH NHI Code: K23.701 GRADUATION THESIS Supervisor: Bui Thi Kim Phung, M.A CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION 1.1.Rationale At this age, I will inevitably go through periods of feeling sad, negative, and unmotivated In addition, I have always felt that within me there is an abundant source of energy that can improve my spirit and attitude towards life, but I have not been able to discover it I have always longed to find deeper meaning and purpose in my life, but I didn't know how until I found this book That's also the reason why I decided to translate this book In this book, Shatki Gawain gently shows you the path to getting in touch with your intuition and acting on it Learning to trust the creativity that flows through the universe, the source of intuition, can transform your life in many ways by: creating new pattern for successful relationships, discovering the energy of the universe within your sexual being, finding the work that you love, and blurring the line between work and play, nurturing your spiritual power, overcoming the negative thinking that limits your finances, health, and happiness 1.2 Aims and Objectives 1.2.1 Aims - To get a thorough grasp of theoretical translation and to practice using specific English in a flexible, imaginative, and precise manner - To display my translation and document analysis abilities 1.2.2 Objectives - To translate documents fluently and accurately - To study difficult words, phrases, idioms, and structures, etc - To improve my translation abilities 1.3 Scope of the Study The book of Shatki Gawain shows the way to greater aliveness and creativity and to a transformation of the world around you However, because Student: VU KHANH NHI Code: K23.701 GRADUATION THESIS Supervisor: Bui Thi Kim Phung, M.A of time limitation, this graduation paper only focuses on chapters 1,2 & with 4,004 words 1.3.1 Text Features - The author of this book is Shatki Gawain Gawain's best known book is Creative Visualization: Use the Power of Your Imagination to Create What You Want in Life (1978) It has been a bestselling book for nearly 40 years In addition, Laurel King was the one who helped Gawain in the writing process and came up with ideas for the original edition of the book - The first, second, and third chapters of "Living in the Light" are the ones I chose to translate The book is divided into 23 chapters that discuss ways to improve our ability to sense things, develop life skills, and the art of living 1.3.2 Text Length The book includes 23 chapters, but the time is limited so I have translated only chapters with 4,004 words in length 1.3.3 Text Organization The book includes 23 chapters, because of limitation of time, I have translated only chapters - Chapter 1: A New Way of Life - Chapter 2: The Higher Power Within Us - Chapter 3: Intuition 1.3.4 Text Source https://www.pdfdrive.com/living-in-the-light-a-guide-to-personaltransformation-e10172273.html 1.4 Methods of the Study There are many methods of scientific research, such as: data collection methods, qualitative methods, quantitative methods, experimental methods, analytical and synthesis methods, inductive and interpretive methods, historical and logical methods, etc In this graduate thesis, I have focused considerably on mixed methodologies, including qualitative methods, Student: VU KHANH NHI Code: K23.701 GRADUATION THESIS Supervisor: Bui Thi Kim Phung, M.A • Independent clause: I often find the most powerful communion with the universe - Subject: I - Verb: find - Adverbial: often - Object: the most powerful communion with the universe Suggested version: Tơi thường tìm thấy giao cảm mạnh mẽ với vũ trụ tơi mình, đặc biệt thiên nhiên Example 23: If we play our part without regard for the conductor's direction or the rest of the orchestra, we will have total chaos (L4, P39) • Dependent clause: (If) we play our part without regard for the conductor's direction or the rest of the orchestra - Subject: we - Verb: play - Object: our part - Adverbial phrase: without regard for the conductor's direction or the rest of the orchestra - Condition subordinator: If • Independent clause: we will have total chaos - Subject: we - Verb: will have - Object: total chaos Suggested version: Nếu chơi phần mà khơng quan tâm đến chỉ đạo nhạc trưởng phần lại dàn nhạc, có mớ hỗn loạn 4.2.2.2 Complex sentences with relative clause Student: VU KHANH NHI Code: K23.701 GRADUATION THESIS Supervisor: Bui Thi Kim Phung, M.A A relative clause, also called an adjective clause, modifies a noun A relative clause can modify any noun in the sentence: a subject, an objective of a preposition A relative clause begins with a relative pronoun (who, whom, whose, which, that, where, when, why) Sometimes the pronoun can be omitted However, sometimes commas are required There are two types of relative clause: • Restrictive Relative Clauses Restrictive relative clauses are composed of a relative pronoun (sometimes omitted), a verb, and optional other elements such as the subject or object of the verb Commas are not used to separate defining relative clauses from the rest of the sentence Commas or parentheses are used to separate non-defining relative clauses from the rest of the sentence • Non-Restrictive Relative Clauses Non-Restrictive relative clauses are composed of a relative pronoun, a verb, and optional other elements such as the subject or object of the verb Commas or parentheses are always used to separate non-defining relative clauses from the rest of the sentence Example 24: You may get an image or a feeling or a physical sensation that represents this higher presence (L1, P26) • According to the example, the restrictive relative clause “that represents this higher presence” modifies the noun phrase “an image or a feeling or a physical sensation” • Restrictive relative clause: “that represents this higher presence” • Relative pronoun: that Suggested version: Bạn thấy hình ảnh hay cảm giác tinh thần thể chất đại diện cho diện tối cao Student: VU KHANH NHI Code: K23.701 GRADUATION THESIS Supervisor: Bui Thi Kim Phung, M.A Example 25: Frequently, people associate it with early religious training, which is no longer meaningful to them (L4, P20) • According to the example, the non-restrictive relative clause “which is no longer meaningful to them” modifies the whole sentence “people associate it with early religious training” • Non-Relative clause: “which is no longer meaningful to them” • Relative pronoun: which Suggested version: Thơng thường, mọi người liên tưởng với tơn giáo, điều không thực hợp nghĩa 4.2.2.3 Complex sentences with Noun Clause Noun clauses as the name implies, function as nouns It can be used as the subject, direct object, indirect object, object of a preposition, subject complement, or appositive Example 26: We also learn that we can create our own experience of reality and take responsibility for doing so (L8, P3) • Independent clause: We also learn that we can create our own experience of reality and take responsibility for doing so - Subject: we - Verb: learn - Object: that we can create our own experience of reality and take responsibility for doing so - Adverbial: also • Dependent clause: (that) we can create our own experience of reality and take responsibility for doing so - Subject: we - Verb 1: can create - Object: our own experience of reality - Verb 2: take responsibility Student: VU KHANH NHI Code: K23.701 GRADUATION THESIS Supervisor: Bui Thi Kim Phung, M.A - Adverbial: for doing so  This dependent clause functions as the object of the verb “learn” It’s a Noun clause Suggested version: Ta học tự tạo trải nghiệm thực tế riêng tự chịu trách nhiệm cho việc làm Example 27: The truth is that all aspects of our being are integral, important, and valuable parts of us (L1, P35) • Independent clause: The truth is that all aspects of our being are integral, important, and valuable parts of us - Subject: The truth - Verb: is - Complement: that all aspects of our being are integral, important, and valuable parts of us • Dependent clause: (that) all aspects of our being are integral, important, and valuable parts of us - Subject: all aspects of our being - Verb: are - Complement: integral, important, and valuable parts of us  This dependent clause functions as the object of the verb “is” It’s a Noun clause Suggested version: Sự thật tất khía cạnh người phần thiếu, quan trọng có giá trị 4.2.3 Compound-complex Sentences Compound- complex sentences are made from two independent clauses and one or more dependent clauses Example 28: The change begins within each individual, but as more and more individuals are transformed, the mass consciousness is increasingly affected (L11, P3) Student: VU KHANH NHI Code: K23.701 GRADUATION THESIS Supervisor: Bui Thi Kim Phung, M.A Two independent clauses “The change begins within each individual” and “as more and more individuals are transformed, the mass consciousness is increasingly affected.” are connected by a comma and the coordinator “but” to create a compound-complex sentence In the first clause “The change begins within each individual”, there is one independent clause In the second clause “as more and more individuals are transformed, the mass consciousness is increasingly affected.” there are one independent clause and one dependent clause • In the dependent clause “(but) as more and more individuals are transformed”: - Subject: more and more individuals - Verb: are transformed - Condition subordinator: as • In the independent clause “the mass consciousness is increasingly affected”: - Subject: the mass consciousness - Verb: is affected - Adverbial: increasingly • In the independent clause “The change begins within each individual” - Subject: The change - Verb: begins - Adverbial: within each individual Suggested version: Sự thay đổi bắt nguồn từ bên cá nhân, ngày có nhiều cá nhân bị thay đổi ý thức chung ngày bị ảnh hưởng Student: VU KHANH NHI Code: K23.701 GRADUATION THESIS Supervisor: Bui Thi Kim Phung, M.A Example 29: This may take some time, but if you desire it, it will happen (L14, P22) Two independent clauses “This may take some time” and “if you desire it, it will happen.” are connected by a comma and a coordinator “but” to create a compound-complex sentence In the first clause “This may take some time”, there is one independent clause In the second clause “if you desire it, it will happen”, there are one independent clause and one dependent clause • In the independent clause “This may take some time”: - Subject: this - Verb: may take - Object: some time • In the independent clause “it will happen”: - Subject: it - Verb: will happen • In the dependent clause “if you desire it”: - Subject: you - Verb: desire - Object: it - Condition subordinator: if Suggested version: Chuyện thời gian chút, bạn thực muốn, xảy 4.2.4 Passive Voice Passive voice emphasizes the person or object receiving the action Forms of passive: Student: VU KHANH NHI Code: K23.701 GRADUATION THESIS Supervisor: Bui Thi Kim Phung, M.A Example 30: The words and concepts that have been used to describe this power are innumerable (L7, P18) • Auxiliary verb: have been • Main verb: used  The verb in passive voice is often translated into “được” or “bị” Therefore, I decide to translate the sentence into Vietnamese Suggested version: Có nhiều từ ngữ khái niệm sử dụng để mô tả sức mạnh Example 31: Every moment of their daily lives is guided by a strong sense of connection with the creative force (L5, P33) • Auxiliary verb: is • Main verb: guided  The verb in passive voice is often translated into “được” or “bị” Therefore, I decide to translate the sentence into Vietnamese Suggested version: Mọi khoảnh khắc sống hàng ngày chỉ dẫn ý thức kết nối chặt chẽ với lực sáng tạo Example 32: Both of these groups were devastated by their contact with European/American culture (L14, P33) • Auxiliary verb: were • Main verb: devastated  The verb in passive voice is often translated into “được” or “bị” Therefore, I decide to translate the sentence into Vietnamese Suggested version: Cả hai nhóm bị suy tàn việc tiếp xúc với văn hóa Âu / Mỹ 4.3 Empty Subject A complete sentence must be composed by a subject and a finite verb English clauses which are not imperatives must have a subject Sometimes we need to use an empty subject when there is no subject attached to the verb, Student: VU KHANH NHI Code: K23.701 GRADUATION THESIS Supervisor: Bui Thi Kim Phung, M.A and where the real subject is somewhere else in the clause It and there are the two empty subjects frequently used in English Example 33: Nevertheless, there are stubborn and sometimes puzzling old patterns and areas of life where we experience great pain and confusion (L26, P10) • The empty subject: there In this sentence, the noun phrase “stubborn and sometimes puzzling old patterns and areas of life” would be the actual subject for the empty subject ‘there’ Suggested version: Tuy nhiên, nơi mà phải trải qua hỗn loạn nỗi đau lớn, cịn tồn phạm vi khn mẫu cũ đơi khó hiểu khó thay đổi sống Example 34: Therefore, it's very important to be compassionate with ourselves, to continually remind ourselves what a tremendous task we are undertaking (L10, P11) • The empty subject: it In this sentence, the empty subject "it" is referring to something very important, so I decided to translate it as "điều" Suggested version: Vì vậy, điều quan trọng phải thấu hiểu cho thân, liên tục nhắc nhở thân ta thực nhiệm vụ to lớn 4.4 Imperative sentence In the SL text, the author used a lot of imperative sentences, so I decided to analyze this type of sentences more deeply An imperative sentence is a sentence that gives instructions or advice, and expresses an order, command, direction, or request Imperative sentences are divided into two main types: direct and indirect Student: VU KHANH NHI Code: K23.701 GRADUATION THESIS Supervisor: Bui Thi Kim Phung, M.A • Direct imperative sentences usually not have a subject and are opened with an infinitive without "to" Example 35: Relax your mind and let your thoughts drift, but don't hold onto any thought (L5, P43) Suggested version: Thả lỏng tâm trí để suy nghĩ bạn trôi đi, đừng giữ chặt suy nghĩ Example 36: Sit or lie down, relax, close your eyes, and take a few deep breaths (L1, P15) Suggested version: Hãy ngồi nằm xuống, nhắm mắt thư giãn hít thở thật sâu - In some cases, the proper name, "you”, “do", “let” can be placed at the beginning of a sentence to emphasize the speaker's request • Indirect imperative sentences in English are often used with the word “ask/order/say/tell” + somebody to something Example 37: For example, you might say, "Intuition, tell me what I need to know here What I need to in this situation?" (L1, P47) Suggested version: Ví dụ, bạn nói, "Trực giác, cho biết điều cần biết Tôi cần làm tình này?” Student: VU KHANH NHI Code: K23.701 GRADUATION THESIS Supervisor: Bui Thi Kim Phung, M.A CHAPTER 5: DIFFICULTIES AND SOLUTIONS 5.1 DIFFICULTIES This graduation paper is a very important milestone for me to finish my 4-year study period at the English department at Duy Tan University This is a good chance for me to put all of the knowledge I've gained over my four years of translation to use After translating the entire book, I realized that my understanding, particularly in the realm of literature, is still lacking There are a number of idioms in the English version that cannot be correctly translated into Vietnamese Because this is my first experience translating a book, I had difficulty converting it more fluently and naturally During the course of working on this project, I ran into a number of issues: 5.1.1 Vocabulary The first difficulty I had in the translation process was my limited vocabulary The second difficulty was deciding on the appropriate words for the context in order to express the author's most important ideas to the readers This process took a lot of my time 5.1.2 Structures There are so many complicated structures such as sentences with relative clauses, noun clauses and adverb clauses that I have struggled to find and analyze them correctly Besides, the author also often uses idioms in his works, so I also need to spend some time to find the right meaning Student: VU KHANH NHI Code: K23.701 GRADUATION THESIS Supervisor: Bui Thi Kim Phung, M.A 5.2 SOLUTIONS 5.2.1 Vocabulary In order to correct my dry translation, I have read a number of documents related to the book's content to deepen my understanding of specialized terms such as psychology, religion, and medicine Besides, I also make use of the Internet and a lot of dictionaries to solve difficult words 5.2.2 Structures For difficult structures, I review grammar books and search for more information on the Internet to avoid the misinterpreting structure And I also ask my supervisor Bui Thi Kim Phung and my friends to look at my mistakes and get some helpful advice By using these methods, I have gained experience in analyzing structures more precisely Student: VU KHANH NHI Code: K23.701 GRADUATION THESIS Supervisor: Bui Thi Kim Phung, M.A CHAPTER 6: CONCLUSIONS AND SUGGESTIONS 6.1 CONCLUSIONS I have gained more expertise and understanding in the field of translation as a result of finishing my graduation paper I'm aware that I still have a lot of shortcomings, so I need to work harder and improve my translation abilities Furthermore, I have increased my vocabulary, something I did not have many opportunities to before My idioms have improved a lot, and I now have a better understanding of grammar in sentence structures such as compound, complex, and compound complex sentences For me, this is a great opportunity This graduation paper has provided me with a lot of knowledge and helped me to put all what I've learnt 6.2 SUGGESTIONS After completing my graduation paper, apart from gaining those helpful experiences, I would like make some recommendations for the Faculty of English of Duy Tan University: The Faculty should provide more opportunities for students to participate in real field trip or conferences related to their major to gain more practical experiences and knowledge, and at the same time listen to the opinions and aspirations of students more After four years of studying and researching in this field, I have accumulated a lot of experience So I have some advice to give to students Besides taking classes, you should also practice your English skills by selfstudying at home on some English websites In addition, you should join in some English communication clubs There you can find friends who have the same major as you and can also have more Student: VU KHANH NHI Code: K23.701 GRADUATION THESIS Supervisor: Bui Thi Kim Phung, M.A foreign friends who can help you a lot in communication, which is extremely important in our major REFERENCES BOOKS 1.1.VIETNAMESE [1] Nguyen Manh Quang, (2013) Translation theory, Department of Foreign Languages of Duy Tan University 1.2 ENGLISH [2] J.C Catford, (1965) A Linguistic Theory of Translation, Oxford [3] Peter Newmark, (1988) A textbook of translation, Pretice-Hall International [4] Tudor Ian Dr, (1965) About translation theory, Cambridge Student: VU KHANH NHI Code: K23.701 GRADUATION THESIS Supervisor: Bui Thi Kim Phung, M.A WEBSITES [5] https://www.wikipedia.org/ [6] https://dictionary.cambridge.org/vi/grammar/british-grammar/ DICTIONARIES [7] https://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/ [8] https://dictionary.cambridge.org/vi/ Student: VU KHANH NHI Code: K23.701 GRADUATION THESIS Supervisor: Bui Thi Kim Phung, M.A SUPERVISOR’S COMMENTS  -······································································································ 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Methods of Translation 2. 2 .2. 1 Word-for-word Translation 2. 2 .2. 2 Literal Translation 2. 2 .2. 3 Faithful Translation 2. 2 .2. 4 Semantic Translation 2. 2 .2. 5... theoretical translation and to practice using specific English in a flexible, imaginative, and precise manner - To display my translation and document analysis abilities 1 .2. 2 Objectives - To translate... Free translation: Ch? ?a thấy quan tài ch? ?a đổ lệ 2. 2 Principles and Methods of Translation 2. 2.1 Principles 2. 2.1.1 Meaning The translation should reflect accurately the meaning of the original