1. La cau hoi thong hieu nen doi hoi hpc sinh phai nim vimg tac pha'm.
Muon hieu tac pham thi phai dpc tac pham va co gang nhd timg chi tiet (ca tho va vSn xuoi).
2. Thucmg CO cac dang sau day:
a. Cau hoi ve tac gia, tac pham, phong each ngh? thuat, quan diem sang tac.
b. Y nghla nhan de tac pham; cau de tu.
c. Npi dung va ngh^ thuat (tho)
d. Tinh huong truy#n dpc dao. :
e. Cac chi tie't ngh^ thuat trong tac pham (dang nay ra nhieu nhat)
f. Van hQc sit: Lop 11 tu dau the ky XX den nam 1945; Lop 12: Tir 1945 den het the ky XX.
3. Lam sac de lay trgn v?n dugrc cau 2 diem.
- De dat diem trpn v?n cau 2 diem, truoc het nam vung kien thiic bai hoc, Tho thi nam dugc npi dung nghf thuat. Van xuoi thi nam dupe cac chi tiet trong tac pham; khi lam bai can ngan gpn, sue tich, du y (hoi gi dap nay, khong Ian man dai dong). Xem thu cau hoi c6 may y. Neu cau hoi nhieu y thi nen chia
y (a) y (b)... Khong gach dau dong khi lam bai.
Vi dy: Cau noi ciia c\ Met: "Chung no da cam sung, minh phai cam giao"
dugfc noi trong hoan canh nao? Giki thich cau noi ay ciia cu Met.
* Ta CO the tra loi nhu sau:
a. Cau noi ciia c\ Met: "Chung no da cam sung, minh phai cam giao" dugfc noi trong hoan canh: Tmi ve tham lang, cu Met ke chuyen cupc doi anh. dugfc noi trong hoan canh: Tmi ve tham lang, cu Met ke chuyen cupc doi anh. Ngay ay, giac khung bo gat gao, bpn giac bat vp con cua Tnii ra de uy hiep Tnu va dan lang. Tmi tay khong ra cuu vp con nhung khong kip. Tmi bi giac bat. Bi
dot muoi dau ngon tay. Cv Met va thanh nien lang xong ra tieu dift bpn giac
ac on cuu Tmi.
b. Y nghia cua cau noi do:
Cau noi cua gia lang Met la cau noi dupe due riit tu cupc dai bi trang cua Tmi va tu thuc te dau tranh ciia dong bao X6 Man noi rieng va dan tpc Ta>' Nguyen noi chung. Giac da dung bao luc phan each mang de dan ap nhan dan ta thi ta phai dixng b?o lye each mang de dap tan bao lye phan each mgng. Qua
cau chuyen cupc doi Tnii nha van Nguyin Trung Thanh da lam sang to chan ly each mang ay.
Thuc te; khi chua cam vu khi danh giac, dan lang X6 Man chju nhieu mat niat: anh Xiit b} giac treo c6, ba Nhan bj ch^t dau, m? con Mai bj gie't bSng tran
ffiixa roi sat, Tmi b} do't cut muoi dau ngon tay... Bai vay, con duang cam vii iJii de dap tra ke thu la tat yeu.
4. Neu CO kha nang phan tich, cam nhan thi nen viet cau 2 diem thanh bai v5n CO mo bai, than bai, ket luan thi de diem tuy^t doi han. v5n CO mo bai, than bai, ket luan thi de diem tuy^t doi han.
i? C A U H6I 2 D I E M B I £ N S O A N T H E O !
Caii true dethi tuyen sinh DH.CD tnon NgCt van cua BQ Giao Due & Dao tao 1 '
Caul: (2.0 diem)
Tai hi?n kien thuc ve giai doan van hpc, tac g i i , tac pham van hpc Vi^t Nam, bao gom cac npi dung sau day. > ,
V A N H O C L6P I I
- Khai quat Van hpc Vi#t Nam tu dau the ky XX den Cach mang Thang Tam nam 1945.
- Hai diia tre - Thach Lam. ^' '
- Chu nguoi tu tu - Nguyen Tuan.
- Hanhphuecuampttanggia(triehSod6)-VuTrpngPhvng. - Chi Pheo (trich) va tac gia Nam Cao.
- VTnh bi^t Cuu Trung Dai (trich Vu Nhu To) - Nguyin Huy Tuang. - Vpi vang - Xuan Dieu.
- Day thon Vi Da - Han Mac Tu. - Trang Giang - Huy Can. - Chieu toi - Ho Chi Minh. - Tir ay - To Hiiu.
- Mot thai dai trong thi ca (trich) - Hoai Thanh va Hoai Chan. '
V A N H Q C 12
- Khai quat Van hpc Vi?t Nam tu Cach mang Thang Tam nam 1945 den het the ky XX.
- Tuyen ngon dpc lap va tac gia Ho Chi Minh.
- Nguyen Dinh Chieu, ngoi sao sang trong bau troi van ngh§ dan tpc - Pham Van Dong.
- Vi?t Bic (trich) va tac gia To Hmi
- Da't nuoc (tn'ch Mat duong khat vpng) - N g u y i n Khoa Diem. 11
- Song - Xuan Quynhv. i
- Dan ghi-ta aia Lor-ca - Thanh Thao.
- N g u o i lai do Song Da (trich) - Nguyen Tuan.
- A i da dat ten cho dong song? (trich) - Hoang Phu Ngpc Tuong.
- W(? chong A Phu (trich) - To Hoai. '
- nhat (trich) - Kim Lan.
- Rung xa nu (trich) - Nguyen Trung Thanh.
- Nhirng dua con trong gia dinh (trich) - Nguyen Thi.
- Chiec thuyen ngoai xa (trich) - Nguyen Minh Chau. ; - Hon Truong Ba, da hang thit (trich) - Luu Quang Vu.
(Nguon Cvc Khao thi & Kiem dinh chat lugmg. Bp G D - D T ) , i, A. C A C T A C G I A V A N H O C VlfiT NAM C A N C H U f
NAM CAO (1917 - 1951)
Cau 1: Trinh bay not dung sang tac cua Nam Cao truoc va sau Cdch mang.
Tra lai: Su nghi^p Van hQC ciia Nam Cao trai dai tren hai thai ky, truac va
sau Cach mang thang Tam:
a. Truac Cach mang: sang tac ciia Nam Cao tap trung vao 2 de tai chinh: - De tai nguoi tri thiic tieu tu san ngheo: Tieu bieu la cac tac pham - De tai nguoi tri thiic tieu tu san ngheo: Tieu bieu la cac tac pham
"Nhiing truy^n khong muo'n vie't"; "Trang sang", "Doi thua", "Song mon" (1944). Trong khi mo ta het sue chan thyc tinh canh ngheo kho, be tac cua nhiing nha van ngheo, nhirng "Giao kho truong tu", hoc sinh that nghi^p.- Nam Cao da lam noi bat tan bi kjch tinh than aia hp, dat ra nhimg van de c6 y nghla xa hpi to lan. Do la tan bi kjch dai dang cua nguoi t r i thiic, nhijng nguai
CO y thiic sau sac ve gia trj dai song va nhan pham, muon song c6 hoai bao,
nhung lai bj ganh nang com ao va hoan canh xa hpi lam cho "chet mon", phai song "Doi thira".
- U de tai ve nguoi nong dan: "Chi Pheo", "Tre con khong dupe an thjt
cho", "Mpt bira no","Lao Hac", "Mpt dam cuoi"... 6 de tai nay. Nam Cao thuong nhac den nhCrng hang co cung, nhirng so phan ham hiu bi lic hie'p, bi l u u manh hoa... Nha van da ke't an sau sac cai xa hpi tan bao lam huy dift ca nhan tinh ciia nhiing con nguoi luong thi^n. 6 mpt so tac pham. Nam Cao da the hi^n niem xiic dpng truoc ban chat d?p de, cao qui trong tam hon hp (Lao Hac).
, b. Sau Cach mang: Nam Cao sang tac de phuc vu cong cupc khang chieh,
j ^ y ^ n ngan "Doi mit", "Nhat ky 6 rimg" va tap biit ki "Chuy^n bien gioi" aia gng thupc vao nhijTig sang tac dac sac nhat aia nen van hpc moi sau Cach Mang c6n rat "on tre khi do. Ngoi but Nam Cao vira tinh tao, sac lanh, vira nang triu suy ^ tham yeu thuong. Nam Cao la cay biit bac thay, ong xiing dang ^upc coi la mpt nha van Ion giau sue sang tao aia van hpc Vipt Nam.
Cdu 2. Trinh bay Tuyen ngon ngh? thuat cua Nam Cao?
Tra loi: Tuyen ngon nghp thuat aia Nam Cao chvi yeu dupe the hipn qua
nhijng phuong dipn sau:
a. Len an thu van chuong nghf thuat vi ngh? thuat: "Chao 6i! Nghp thuat
khong can phai la anh trang lira doi, khong nen la anh trang lua doi, nghf thuat chi c6 the la tieng dau kho kia, thoat ra tir kie'p lam than" (Truy^n ngan Trang sang)
b. Truy?n ngan"Ddi thua" c6 le la noi Nam Cao phat bieu day dii nhat ve quan ni?m ngh^ thuat ciia minh: quan ni?m ngh^ thuat ciia minh:
- Mpt tac pham "that gia tri" thi phai c6 npi dung nhan dao sau sac: "No phai chiia dung dupe mpt cai gi lan lao, manh me, vira dau don lai vira phan khdi. No ca tung tinh thuong, tinh bac ai, su cong binh... No lam cho nguoi gan nguoi hon".
- Nha van doi hoi cao su t i m toi sang tao va luong tam nguoi cam but: "Van ehuang khong can den nhirng nguoi thp kheo tay, lam theo mpt vai kieu
mau dua cho. Van ehuang chi dung nap nhirng nguoi biet dao sau, biet t i m
toi, khoi nhiing nguon chua ai khoi va sang tao nhirng cai gi chua co".
- Van chuong doi hoi phai co luong tam a i a nguai cam biit: "Su cau tha trong bat a i nghe gi cung la mpt su bat luong. N h u n g cau tha trong van chuong thi that la de ti^n".
c. Trong tac pham "Doi mit" viet sau Cach M^ng, Nam Cao da neu len luan diem a i a minh: "Van giir doi mat ay de nhin doi thi cang d i nhieu, cang luan diem a i a minh: "Van giir doi mat ay de nhin doi thi cang d i nhieu, cang
4uan sat lam, nguoi ta chi cang them chua chat va chan nan".
Cau 3. Trinh bay Phong cdch ngh^ thuat cua Nam Cao ?
*• Nam Cao thuong viet ve nhiing cai nho nhat, xoang xTnh trong cupc hang ngay, tir do, dat ra van de co y nghia xa hpi to Ion, nhirng triet ly
^^U Sac ve con nguoi, cupc song va nghf thuat. ^
Co biet tai trong vipc mieu ta va phan tich tam ly. Ong co hung thii ^ « i n pha "con nguai trong con nguai". Ngoi biit a i a ong co the tham nhap nhirng qua trinh tam ly phiic tap, nhirng ngo ngach sau kin nhat aia tam
^ Con nguoi; t u do dung len dupe nhiing nhan v|it t u tuong vira co tam khai
c. Truy§n cua Nam Cao luon huong toi the gioi rxQi tarn cua con nguoi.
Luon luon thay doi giong di§u, c6 khi la gipng tinh tao va sic lanh; c6 khi I4
gipng d i m thlm, tru tinh soi noi, nang triu yeu thuong. Hai gipng van doi Up
nhau cu chuyen hoa qua lai, tao nen nhung trang viet thu vi, hap dan.
•' ' . f . . . s .1.. ..^'f..t
X U A N DitU (1916-1985) \
^ Cdu 1. Trinh bay ngan gon Su nghiq) Van hgc cua Xuan Di$u truac va sau Cdch ntang.
, • V e t h o :
a. T m o c Cach mang: Xuan Dieu dupe col la "nha tho moi nha't trong cac nha tho mai" (Hoai thanh). Xuan Di^u mo dau su nghiep va noi tieng tren thi dan Vi^t Nam bang 2 tap tho "Tho tho" 1938 va "Gui huong cho gio" 1945. Nhii-ng chii de chinh cua tho ong trong thoi ky nay la:
- Niem say me ngoai gioi khao khat giao cam vol doi va tinh yeu cupc
song Q/oi vang, Giuc gia)