Conceptual metaphors in dế mèn phiêu lưu ký by to hoai and its english version translated by dang the binh

MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND TRAINING QUY NHON UNIVERSITY NGUYỄN THỊ HỒNG THÁI CONCEPTUAL METAPHORS IN “DẾ MÈN PHIÊU LƯU KÝ” BY TO HOAI AND ITS ENGLISH VERSION TRANSLATED BY DANG THE BINH FIELD: English Linguistics CODE: 22 02 01 Supervisor: Assoc Prof Dr NGUYEN TAT THANG BỘ GIÁO DỤC VÀ ĐÀO TẠO TRƯỜNG ĐẠI HỌC QUY NHƠN NGUYỄN THỊ HỒNG THÁI ẨN DỤ Ý NIỆM TRONG TÁC PHẨM “DẾ MÈN •• PHIÊU LƯU KÝ” CỦA TƠ HỒI VÀ BẢN DỊCH TIẾNG ANH CỦA DỊCH GIẢ ĐẶNG THẾ BÍNH •• Ngành: Ngôn Ngữ Anh Mã số: 22 02 01 Người hướng dẫn: PGS TS NGUYEN TAT THANG STATEMENT OF AUTHORSHIP I hereby confirm that the thesis entitled CONCEPTUAL METAPHORS IN “DẾ MÈN PHIÊU LƯU KÝ” BY TO HOAI AND ITS ENGLISH VERSION TRANSLATED BY DANG THE BINH is the result of my own study and contains no materials published elsewhere or extracted in the whole, or in part from a research by which I have qualified for or been awarded another degree or diploma No other person's work has been used without due acknowledgments in the thesis This thesis has not been submitted for the award of any degree or diploma in any other tertiary institution Quy Nhon, September, 2020 Nguyễn Thị Hồng Thái ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I would like to express my deepest gratitude and appreciation to my supervisor, Assoc Prof Nguyễn Tất Thắng for his acceptance to be my supervisor, and for providing me with insightful and valuable comments Thanks to his knowledgeable advice, I was able to narrow down the topic as well as improve the content of my paper In addition, my sincere appreciation goes to my lecturers at Quy Nhon University who provided me a lot of useful knowledge during the course I would not be able to carry out this research without their guidance, support, and input Thirdly, I would like to express my deep gratitude to all those who contributed, directly or indirectly, to this study Particularly, I am thankful to my colleagues of Cat Tien secondary school for their support and encouragement Without them, the study would have been impossible Last but not least, I want to send our special thanks to my family, especially my parents and my husband whose tremendous care and neverending love lifted me up whenever things got tough Without their support, I would not have been able to complete this study ABSTRACT This study attempted to investigate the conceptual metaphors in “Dế Mèn phiêu lưu ký” by To Hoai and its English versions translated by Dang The Binh The data for this research were chosen from 188 metaphoric expressions in “Dế Mèn phiêu lưu kí” In order to accomplish the objectives of the study, both qualitative approach and quantitative approach were used to identify conceptual metaphors in “Dế Mèn phiêu lưu ký” by To Hoai and their English versions translated by Dang The Binh Besides that comparative and contrastive analysis, descriptive and inductive techniques were also used The finding indicated that the three types of conceptual metaphors used in the work were quite different in distribution In the Vietnamese version, the ontological metaphors were found appearing 69 times with the highest position, making up 36.7% of the total number of the conceptual metaphors analyzed Ranking the lowest position was the orientational metaphors, with 30.9% The other metaphors were structural ones In contrast, in “Diary of a Cricket” by Đặng Thế Bính, the ontological metaphors took up the lowest position, with only 31.6% Both structural metaphors and orientational metaphors occur 26 times, at a rate of 34.2% Basing on the results, we found out the loss and gain of the conceptual metaphors in “Dế Mèn phiêu lưu ký” by To Hoai when they were translated into English by Dang The Binh Most of the metaphors found in the Vietnamese version were replaced by metaphors or stylistics devices when they were translated into English by Dang The Binh The unchanged metaphors only took up 30.3% Finally, the results helped us suggest some implications for teaching and learning English metaphors TABLE OF CONTENTS 4.2.1.6 4.2.1.8 APPENDICES GROWTH is expressed through THE HUMAN BODY LIST OF TABLES Table Title number Page numbe r 14 Table 2.1 Table 2.2 Table 2.3 Table 4.1 Table 4.2 Source and target domains in Ontological metaphors Table 4.3 Subtypes of orientational metaphors and their Table 4.4 Hoai Subtypes of structural metaphors and their occurrence Table 4.5 The frequency of metaphors in terms of semantics in Table 4.6 The parts of speech in the metaphor in “Dế Mèn phiêu lưu ký” by To Hoai and their English version by Dang 82 Table 4.7 Table 4.8 The The Binh unchanged metaphors in Dang The Binh's version 83 Table 4.9 The metaphoric mapping of LOVE IS A JOURNEY 17 Peter Newmark's translation methods (1988:45) Types of conceptual metaphors 20 33 Subtypes of ontological metaphors and their occurrence frequency in “Dế Mèn phiêu lưu ký” by To Hoai occurrence frequency in “Dế Mèn phiêu lưu ký” by To frequency in “Dế Mèn phiêu lưu ký” by To Hoai “Dế Mèn phiêu lưu ký” by To Hoai The unchanged metaphorical expressions in English version by Dang The Binh's version The changed metaphors by replacing metaphors with other stylistic devices in English version by Dang The 34 36 38 74 86 90 Binh's version Table The loss of metaphors “Dế Mèn phiêu lưu ký” by To 4.10 Hoai in English version by Dang The Binh's version 93 Table The translated metaphors in English version by Dang The 96 4.11 Binh CHAPTER INTRODUCTION 1.1 Rationale It is obvious that our life is very much dependant on communication Of all the means of communication, language is possibly the only one that can satisfy all human needs Therefore, it plays a crucial role in our life Every second goes by, there is someone talking, writing, or reading something Our lives depend a lot on the quick, elegant, and effective use of language so people often use rhetorical measures, such as personification, simile, metaphor, metonymy, in which metaphors are considered as the most effective way to empower words Metaphors can make our words come to life; we can use a metaphor to make our subject more relatable to the readers or to make a complex idea easier to understand They can also be of tremendous help when we want to enhance our writing with imagery According to Newmark (1988), metaphors are any figurative expression: The transferred sense of a physical word, the personification of an abstraction, the application of a word or collocation to what it does not literally denote Metaphors may be 'single' (one-word) or 'extended' (a collocation, an idiom, a sentence, a proverb, an allegory, a complete imaginative text) Today, we can find metaphors represented in our minds more as literal pieces of language other than figurative, and people see cognitive linguistics as the fastest growing and influential theories on explaining the natural language, the mind, and their relationship with social physical experience Although they appear lately, people can publish their term into a dictionary majoring in cognitive linguistics In 1980, Lakoff and Johnson introduce readers their cognitive theory on metaphor They state that “metaphor is pervasive in everyday life, not just in language but in thought and action” From their point of view, we find that metaphors are used as a tool for developing every natural language's semantics and vocabulary and it is the mean for the humans to describe the world, realize the world's perception, transform the world, and create the spirit Metaphors turn up everywhere, especially in the field of literature when they are especially good and hard to miss Metaphors help the authors make their literary work effective and successful Actually, it is difficult to understand abstract ideas, so writers often use metaphors to help them come to readers clearly and help readers gain an accurate insight into their meaning Culler (1975) claims that with metaphors in literary works, writers are helped convey messages or ideas toward their readers by the poetic function of its uniqueness, one of the features of metaphors In the Vietnamese literary field, one of the authors who is successful in using metaphors is To Hoai He took full advantage of the use of metaphors in writing the “Diary of a cricket” and make his work live in the readers' hearts all over the world The book is particularly attractive to not only Vietnamese readers but also foreign readers both adults and children, both the ordinary and researchers It was translated into fifteen languages and writer Bang Viet said ‘When the book is translated into foreign languages including Russian, German, English, and French, the host countries' readers are surprised about a story full of humanity.' According to many foreign writers, the book becomes immortally With the above-mentioned reasons, I have come to a decision to carry out a study entitled “Conceptual metaphors in “Dế Mèn phiêu lưu ký” by To Hoai and its English version translated by Dang The Binh” This study attempts to investigate what types of conceptual metaphors are used in “Dế Mèn phiêu lưu ký” by To Hoai and its English version translated by Dang The 10 Binh and find out the loss and gain of the conceptual metaphors in “Dế Mèn phiêu lưu ký” by To Hoai when they are translated into English by Dang The Binh 1.2 Aim and objectives 1.2.1 Aim This study was aimed to examine how the conceptual metaphors in “Dế Mèn phiêu lưu ký” by To Hoai were translated into English by Dang The Binh in terms of loss and gain 1.2.2 Objectives In order to achieve the aims stated above, I tried to focus on the following objectives First of all, I identified and classified the conceptual metaphorical expressions used in “Dế Mèn phiêu lưu ký” by To Hoai and its English version translated by Dang The Binh Second, I tried to explore the loss and gain when these conceptual metaphorical expressions are translated into English by Dang The Binh 1.3 Research questions To achieve the aim and the objectives of the study, the research is trying to answer the following two questions: What types of conceptual metaphors are used in “Dế Mèn phiêu lưu ký” by To Hoai and in its English version translated by Dang The Binh? What are the loss and gain of the conceptual metaphors in “Dế Mèn phiêu lưu ký” by To Hoai when they are translated into English by Dang The Binh? 1.4 Scope of the study In this study, I only concentrated on analyzing the three types of conceptual metaphors: ontological metaphors, orientational metaphors, and Pl130 4.31 Ngộ có kẻ đến phá thật chết .(p.14) Suppose an enemy comes, you will have nowhere to escape! (p.11) Nothing could be funnier than this war council of batrachians: even Nhưng buồn cười thay, xóm 4.32 rỉ tai bàn bí mật mà tận xa xa nghe tiếng uôm oạp (p.93) though they took good care to guard “State secrets,” the debate was conducted in such stentorian voices that we lost not a word of it (p.68) 4.33 Mày to đầu mà mày nỡ “Aren't you ashamed of assailing đánh thằng bé ngần à? someone so much weaker than yourself?”(p.26) (p.38) Nhiều anh Châu Chấu vừa nứt Many young 4.34 grasshoppers mắt bắng nhắng lên đài enthusiastically jumped into the (p.103) arena (p.77) I rubbed my wings together and 4.35 Tôi dọn giọng, vỗ đôi cánh nhỏ đến nách (p.9) uttered a few loud and enthusiastic (p.8) Máu nóng người sôi 4.36 sùng sục, tưởng nghe tiếng Anger seethed in me (p.23) (p.35) Then I very politely asked him the 4.37 4.38 , trông thấy em, mặt anh lạnh đá kia? (p.63) Anh dế bên lồng sang reason for his cold reception (p.45) Neither did my adversary dare to Pl131 không dám đánh tôi, nhạt attack me, which was completely trị (p.45) cịn khách xem thấy 4.39 ruined the game (p.31) thi đấu loạc choạc, ngấy, On the whole, they made a rather họ chơi hội xem võ poor show (p.77) (p.103) cịn tính khốc lác ếch 4.40 tấc lên trời, Cóc omitted nhiều (p.91) I smelled some dark plot The Ờ! ếch cốm lập mưu 4.41 này, lão khoác lác tấc đến trời mà mưu lược gớm (p.96) spotted frog was a cowardly braggart, but he might not be a fool I was pretty sure he had a hand in this ambush (p.71) “It will take you at least three 4.42 vào đến vùng Rùa Rùa xa phiên chợ (p.91) months Believe me, I've been there ” (p.65) It is not our intention to claim any 4.43 Đất lành chim đậu, thấy phong honour or title in your land We tục vui chúng tơi đến góp mặt just wanted to contribute our part vui chung mà (p.114) to the joyful atmosphere of the festival (p.84) Thưa hai võ sĩ, đất lành chim “Sirs, there is an old saying that đậu, hai võ sĩ qua đây, lại có ‘birds come to propitious land' 4.44 lòng lên thi thố tài nghệ siêu We are honoured by your visit, quần, (p.115) (p.86) Pl132 4.45 Đã vậy, tính nết lại ăn xổi ( 14) p he was not the sort of fellow who could undertake serious projects (p.10) ., dám đưa mắt lên nhìn 4.46 trộm.(p.12) omitted Nhưng đầu tơi đầu gỗ lim But my skull was as hard as 4.47 lựa cách đỡ, khơng vần hết ironwood and his blows did me (p.111) practically no harm (p.83)(simile) " Ròng rã lâu ngày 4.48 vượt khỏi thành phố xù xì u ám gớm ghiếc (p.133) It took me quite some time to get out of that foul city (p.101) Bè không We were no longer gliding along a 4.49 dịng sơng xinh đẹp hơm qua peaceful river, between tender- (p.75) green grassy banks (p.54) Chẳng may gió đẩy mũi bè But it might also blow us away khơi, mãi, cịn chết from it And thus be the cause of 4.50 đói chờ đợi chỗ tận our inevitable death by starvation ấy(p.75) (p.55) Chúng chẳng muốn gây However, I was thoroughly tired 4.51 khơng lưu luyến đất này, of this place, its muddy landscape, đất buồn (p.95) and unsympathetic people (p.70) Tơi định thần nhìn kỹ thấy 4.52 quanh có luồng sóng cồn đuổi theo (p.95) In his wake, the water grew agitated (p.70) , bực tơi tức Moreover, 4.53 tốc trở lại.(p.111) remembering incident an hour ago, the the Pl133 arrogance of the mantis got on my nerves (p.83) In spite of that, I managed to keep Lòng tin hy vọng với tôi, 4.54 an ủi tôi, xua đuổi buồn nản (p.151) my morale intact, nourishing the hope that one day I would recover my freedom (p.112) , dày chúng And that is the gargantuan appetite 4.55 vốn háu ăn, (p.77) of us crickets (p.55) , hát hùng 4.56 tráng thúc giục ngày đường (p.138) They talked and laughed gaily, exchanging jokes (p.105) Những tiếng: giang hồ, hoạt động, kết nghĩa anh em 4.57 thiên hạ đến nhảy múa óc tơi (p.139) Familiar words flashed through my mind: adventure, action (p.105) Nhưng đến ngày kia, One 4.59 day, though, something phải cảm ơn tình cờ happened that opened my eyes đến mở mắt (p.37) (p.25) Từ hang, đến 4.60 bãi, đồng, hoa may omitted trắng suốt chân trời.(p.116) Tôi cố cắn nan giỏ mỏng rớt, chưa nhay mắt 4.61 họ đem buộc túm đít giỏ lại (p.30) 4.62 Trong lòng suối chân đồi, I tried to gnaw at a threat, but the children tied up the basket, which left me no room for escape (p.21) omitted Pl134 lồi Cá Rắn Mịng đơng đủ giúp chúng tơi (p.185) tích tơi thêm My antennae never grew back, 4.63 học vừa đắt, vừa đau đêm which was the price I paid for my (p.42) second lesson (p.28) rèn lịng chín Life has made you a worthy man, 4.64 chắn thật đáng làm trai with a wise mind and a true heart (p.55) (p.40) Longhorn seemed to me rather Nhưng óc bác Xiến Tóc dễ 4.65 mủn thành miếng bột, không gợn nếp nghĩ (p.137) queer in the head and I was not really keen on staying with him (p103) Bởi tơi biết thường 4.66 anh tính hay khoe I had seen him coming but did not miệng hết có miệng pay much attention to his boastful bụng nhiều chẳng attitude (p.80) có cóc khơ (p.106) What a dreary prospect, When one Hỡi ơi! Cịn chi buồn bằng, tuổi 4.67 trẻ, gân cứng, máu cuồn cuộn (p.58) is young, with strong muscles and rich blood, to live a monotonous life: (p.42) Thằng chim Chích Honestly, Tailorbird was not such hạt mít, chân leo kheo a dangerous adversary as he was 4.68 tăm hương mỏ oặt rather small and his beak was sợi bún, cịn anh tơi tiny With my brother's sharp sắc, có ngạnh vênh Pl135 hiểm (p.61) mandibles and sirong hint - legs, (p.44) Tôi ủ rũ, chẳng buồn ăn, chẳng buồn đi, đứng không buồn 4.69 đứng Suốt ngày nằm phục vị, thở dài.(p.44) I was so sad that I lost my appetite and lay prostrated on the ground all day long (p 30) Một buổi chiều, đứng cửa 4.70 hang khi, xem hồng xuống .(p.15) One afternoon, a few days later, I stood at my doorstep (p.12) Nằm tròn đít giỏ, tơi đưa Lying in the basket, I cast a last mắt nhìn lần cuối phong glance at the familiar cảnh nơi Nắng vàng rải surroundings: , the golden shine 4.71 cây, vàng màu tươi of the sun on the leaves lạ lùng, , thấy hồi hộp Knowing my fate was about to be lạnh sáu gan bàn chân (p.31) decided, I felt a chill run through all my six legs! (p.22) “Being 4.72 in poor health,” he Thôi, ốm yếu rồi, chết murmured, “I would not have Nhưng trước lived long anyway So I am not nhắm mắt, khuyên anh: really sad at having to die now .(p.22) But before living this world, I would like .(p.16) Thảm hại, nếm thêm có I went on raining blows on my 4.73 đá hậu, thằng bé quay unfortunate victim, now more cịn thoi thóp thở (p.38) 4.74 Cái mặt ngắn củn dead than alive (p.26) At the end of a long ringed neck, I cằm vuông bạnh lún (p.106) Pl136 saw a square face, two squinting eyes, and bellicose antennae (p.80) Nhưng cố nhịn thở, But I held on, hoping that the 4.75 khơng chiu ló đầu water would seep out through the nhịn thở (p.28) Đau điếng, mà đành ngậm 4.76 tăm, không dám (p.42) porous earth (p.20) Though the pain was unbearable, I didn't dare to cry (p.28) Cánh đồng vắng ngẳt, 4.77 (p.117) omitted it became necessary for the 4.78 loài sống vùng inhabitants of the canton to lại bỏ cánh đồng lạnh ngắt lạnh migrate in search of wild ngơ mà kiếm nơi tránh pineapple shrubs under whose leaves they could take shelter rét (p.117) (p.88) nằm yên đấy, ngày xuân trở lại, thấy ấm đậu xuống hai vai 4.79 nghe tiếng chim chích kêu omitted vui chanh chách khe lá, lúc bước ra.(p.118) Trèo lên cỏ lau cao nhất, ngước mắt trơng thấy xa tít 4.80 mà chẳng thấy chân trời (p.72) Even from the top of the tallest reed, one couldn't see its boundaries (p.52) Pl137 đói ghê gớm đánh liệt 4.81 4.82 dần phận Hunger had taken away all our strength (p.56) người(p.78) Thôi hừ Em xin vái “My God, no! I can't afford that sáu tay (p.17) • ••”(p.13) Thưa anh, em biết “Eldest Brother, I know that 4.83 đời muốn mở mang trí óc traveling is good for anyone who phải bước chân bốn phương wishes to broaden his mind” (P.46) ( 66) P Ông ếch ngồi đáy giếng,.! 4.84 (p.93) “., you frog - at - the - bottom - of- a - well!”(p.68) Thế đám hội ầm vang lời I was immediately appointed chief hoan hô tôn lên and Mole - cricket deputy - chief 4.85 chánh phó, thủ lĩnh đứng đầu of this canton of grasshoppers, làng vùng cỏ may katydids, chafers, and mantises (p.115) (p.86) hăng, hống hách, láo tổ đem thân mà trả nợ 4.86 cử ngu dại thơi (p.13) Alas, I didn't know that one would have to pay dearly for such foolish bluster (p.10) Tôi không muốn lúc 4.87 nhắm mắt phải ân hận (p.58) 4.88 4.89 I would not like to leave this world without knowing (p.42) Tôi cứng khoeo, khơng nhích I was frozen with fear, unable to chạy (p.40) move an inch (p.27) tổ tiên ta dạy cụ There's also an old saying: Pl138 khơng khun ta ngồi xó đâu “Travelling shapes a young man's ( 66) 4.90 P Đào mỉm miệng (p.127) character”, (p.46) For joy, peach blossoms smile Willow trees wink and marvel 4.91 Liễu giương mày (p.127) (p.97) While under the eaves, swallows 4.92 Đầu nhà Én đỏ hót hay (p 129) sweetly sing (p.97) .phòng tắt lửa tối đèn có 4.93 đứa đến bắt nạt em chạy sang (p.15) “.I can thus escape to your place in case of danger ”(p.11) Lòng đoan với lòng từ promising myself that I would 4.94 phải biết phân biệt.những forthwith renounce all my foolish việc làm có suy nghĩ (p.26) swaggering (p.18) Rồi bụng không định 4.95 mà chân lại nhấc dần Omitted (p.29) trông mặt nước động biết 4.96 chui đứng cửa tổ (p.30) omitted So I snapped back at him, “Leave 4.97 Tôi hích mũi câu: - Ngứa mồm! (p.38) me alone, will you? It's no business of yours!”.(p.26) - Á co vịi lại có and said, “Now you are scared, 4.98 phải không (p.42) aren't you? ”(p.27) thấy đủng đỉnh, nhếch 4.99 săn sóc nhạt dần (p.44) Not be translated 4.100 Pl139 Tôi lạnh đến tận hai chân (p.45) That gave me quite a shiver! Nhon declared, “The team that 4.101 Bên ba " gôn" trước ăn thưởng lão dế (p.46) won by three goals will get this cricket as a prize”(p.32)(simile) I stealthily crept out of the 4.102 Tôi đầu vườn, chui vào đám cỏ rậm(p.46) matchbox and into the nearest tuft of grass (p.32) I felt strong again, which might be 4.103 Xổ lồng cái, khỏi ốm ngay, nhanh thế! (p.46) the miraculous effect of freedom (p.32) nảy ý nghĩ đẹp thấy mặt đất 4.104 bao la, phong cảnh non nước omitted chờ đón thúc giục ta (p.48) Đời trai mà bay nhảy, khơng biết biết A man worthy of the name should 4.105 sống nhạt nhẽo lắm.(p.49) see the world (p.34) thử coi gia “.Don't you have any sense of 4.106 giáo nhà ta gì, lộn lên order?”(p.45) đầu hử?(p.63) I smiled, “No, I am not I just 4.107 Du lịch xem xét nơi cho mở mang trí óc ra.(p.65) wanted to see new places and people”(p.46) Pl140 hẳn cụ phát chán 4.108 thằng cháu ôm nấm đất đến mòn đời .(p.66) my ancestors should have been very disappointed to have such conservative offspring like my brother, (p.46) Then, as I was standing on the Một buổi chiều, đứng bờ đầm 4.109 nước, trông Khi hồng xuống.(p.67) edge of the pond one afternoon, looking at the immensity of the sky, (p.47) mặt nước phương trời sáng lên giây lát, đượm vẻ 4.110 bao la khêu gợi vơ hạn lịng Not be translated giang hồ.(p.67) Tơi bảo phía chân trời xa When I asked him to be my 4.111 có nhiều lạ, khơng companion on a big adventure, he nên đồng cỏ cũ (p.70) enthusiastically accepted (p.50) , mơ màng nghe nước óc ách I listened dreamily to the rippling 4.112 chảy tiếng đàn thảnh thơi of the water Then I fell asleep gảy (p.74) (p.54) Nhưng chẳng có chi, but found nothing except a small 4.113 xương sống cỏ (p.75) supply of grass, (p.55) bám thật sóng 4.114 khơng lật chết chúng omitted tôi.(p.77) Mỗi há miệng, ruột lép muốn Hunger gave me terrible cramps 4.115 co lên (p.77) in the stomach (p.56) Pl141 4.116 4.117 Sớm sau, nghe đầu bè có tiếng động rền tiếng sấm (p.81) , tơi bấm bụng nhịn cười thầy đồ Cóc (p.85) The next morning, I could hear a thunder-like rumble at the other end of the raft (p.58) “Sir,” I replied in the same manner, trying not to laugh out loud (p.62) Nhưng mặt Nhái Bén vốn nhợt 4.118 nghiêm xám hẳn lại omitted (p.90) Chúng bay sang buôn ngọc bên “So you are going to Tortoise 4.119 vùng Rùa Rùa chân núi land to trade precious stones, eh?” (p.71) Rắn Mịng khước vừa lột, As to Grass - snake, he hastily xương cốt mẩy mỏng recalled his recent skin - shedding, 4.120 manh lắm, chưa làm việc nặng which made him unfit for any được.(p.94) khơng lần nhích strenuous work (p.69) , he must have resumed his 4.121 đít khỏi sập oai vệ dignified pose on his brick throne! mà lão.(p.95) (p.70) Nhưng đôi cánh Trũi ngắn 4.122 thun lủn, (p.97) Mole - cricket's wings were too short, (p.71) Bấy mặt đất đương mùa hoa 4.123 may (p.100) Trơng suốt bốn phía chân trời omitted The forest was one of pleasant- 4.124 đâu phất lên màu trắng looking grass topped with clumps bàng bạc, (p.100) of white flowers (p.76) 4.125 Pl142 Năm ngoái, cụ Bọ Ngựa già ốm Last year, the old canton - chief, a yếu khuất núi (p.102) mantis, had died (p.77) , chân cỏ đỏ tía, đầu hoa xám 4.126 trắng lóng lánh dựng lên võ omitted đài nguy nga cao (p.102) khiến Trũi máu đòn 4.127 thù (p.109) omitted The latter was a big chap, with Người gã xanh rực vạm vỡ, 4.128 bắp chân bắp bóng nhẫy, mập mạp Lưng gã gờ lên rắn chắc, (p.109) strong muscles bulging on his arms and legs His back was well protected by an armor of hard green outer wings (p.81) After a moment, he began to Loanh quanh lát, Bọ 4.129 Muỗm mệt phờ Bấy Trũi mở sức (p.110) breathe heavily Mole - cricket then started an all-out counter attack (p.82) , the mantis tried to get at my 4.130 ,hắn liền đổi miếng ác, co gươm, quặp cổ (p.111) neck with the spikes on the edge of his sabers (p.83) “ Huống chi đời ta cịn trẻ mà sống có an nhàn I told him, “Don't feel overjoyed just yet, my friend Life is more 4.131 buồn tẻ khác complicated than you hang quê nhà" think.”(p.87) (p.116) Gió thổi hun hút 4.132 kiến có chân bé tẹo omitted Pl143 hạt bụi phải sức đào sâu xuống đất tìm tí đất ấm (p.118) , dứa dỏng 4.133 tai cứng lên trời xám omitted (p.118) Dark clouds over the barren , mặt đất gió lùa giá land A strong wind raised the dust 4.134 in greyish eddying drifts and the buốt vào tận ruột gan, (p.120) cold piercing (p.89) buốt lên tận óc .Ngày But we had to spend one more 4.135 đêm đầu khe lá, gió hú, gió night in the open (p.90-91) gào (p.122) Trời đông rét run cánh, run In spite of the cold drizzle and 4.136 râu mà làng Châu Chấu wind, they accompanied me for nhảy khe (p.123) more than ten miles (p.94) The beautiful sunshine spread like 4.137 Ánh nắng lụa nõn nà phủ (p.127) a glossy veil of silk on the tops of the trees (p.96)(simile) , đời sống biếng nhác xung quanh khiến tơi hực dọc 4.138 ý nghĩa việc Châu Chấu Voi (p.138) I grew tired of this kind of idle life I felt no sympathy for this bunch of revelers (p.103) Vả chăng, chán 4.139 cảnh, ngấy tình omitted (p.139) Pl144 Đi mươi hơm đến chân 4.140 đê Dốc đê cao, leo tới mặt đê (p.140) A few days later, I came to a huge dike, which was so high that it took me half a day of climbing to get to the top (p.106) hát oán than 4.141 phận, hát tâm sự, omitted hát mang hy vọng xa: đỗi (p.151) Đến đầu chua me 4.142 đất bé bỏng (p.174) omitted , trăng cuối mùa xuân, sáng 4.143 dịu dàng (p.177) Night fell There was a bright moonshine (p.131) ánh trăng chảy , their wings soaked in moonlight 4.144 lênh láng mặt lá, sang đẹp (134) ban ngày (p.178) At 4.145 , nghe ầm ầm bốn phiá chân trời (p.185) dawn, while we were continuing our debate, a confused rumble was heard (p.137) Một quang cảnh chan hòa thân 4.146 diễn khắp vùng đồi omitted (p.185) ... ontological metaphors and their occurrence frequency in ? ?Dế Mèn phiêu lưu ký? ?? by To Hoai occurrence frequency in ? ?Dế Mèn phiêu lưu ký? ?? by To frequency in ? ?Dế Mèn phiêu lưu ký? ?? by To Hoai ? ?Dế Mèn. .. of conceptual metaphors are used in ? ?Dế Mèn phiêu lưu ký? ?? by To Hoai and its English version translated by Dang The 10 Binh and find out the loss and gain of the conceptual metaphors in ? ?Dế Mèn. .. 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