Conceptual metaphors in english and vietnamese idioms relating to love and desire for life

MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND TRAINING QUY NHON UNIVERSITY HUỲNH LỆ MY CONCEPTUAL METAPHORS IN ENGLISH AND VIETNAMESE IDIOMATIC EXPRESSIONS RELATING TO LOVE AND DESIRE FOR LIFE Field: English Linguistics Code: 8.22.02.01 Supervisor: Assoc Prof Dr Phan Văn Hòa BỘ GIÁO DỤC VÀ ĐÀO TẠO TRƯỜNG ĐẠI HỌC QUY NHƠN HUỲNH LỆ MY ẨN DỤ Ý NIỆM TRONG •• CÁC YẾU TỐ THÀNH NGỮ TIẾNG VIỆT VÀ TIẾNG ANH LIÊN QUAN ĐẾN TÌNH U VÀ KHÁT VỌNG SỐNG Chun ngành: Ngơn ngữ Anh Mã số: 8.22.02.01 Người hướng dẫn: PGS TS Phan Văn Hòa STATEMENT OF AUTHORSHIP There are no materials published anywhere Of course, this study doesn't get any materials extracted in the whole, or in part from a thesis by which it has qualified for or been awarded another degree or diploma except where reference is made in the thesis No other person's work has been used without any acknowledgement in the thesis The thesis has not been submitted for the award of any degree or diploma in any other tertiary institutions Binh Dinh, 2020 Huỳnh Lệ My ACKNOWLEDGMENT First and foremost, I would like to extend my deepest and most sincere thanks to my supervisor, Assoc Prof Dr Phan Van Hoa, who always instructs me with patience and enthusiasm My thesis would not have been finished without his enormous help This work has been fulfilled with his giant and meaningful guidance I also would like to show my deep gratefulness to all of the lecturers of Foreign Languages Department of Quy Nhon University Especially, the lecturers are the pioneers in introducing the classic essential theory on conceptual metaphor and translation for my thesis I would like also express my best feelings to the lecturers from other universities for their great teaching Finally, I would love to emphasize my appreciation to my family who is always on my side to support me and my best friend Le Thi Trinh Nu, who has encouraged me with patience Binh Dinh, 2020 ' Signature Huynh Le My ABSTRACT This study has been conducted with my tremendous attempt to investigating conceptual metaphors expressing to Vietnamese and English idioms relating to love and desire for life Many idioms have been collected with a large number The chosen idioms are popular with both Vietnamese and English people The theory of cognitive linguistics raised by George Lakoff and Mark Johnson (1980) and Kovecses (2002)are considered as the main theories in this study There are 200 samples concluding Vietnamese and English idioms used with the total of 30 conceptual metaphors By applying with various methods comprising quantitative, qualitative, descriptive and contrastive approaches, the study achieved the important aims and objectives The result points out those kinds of metaphors used with the different purposes in English and Vietnamese idioms Keywords: Conceptual Metaphors, Vietnamese and English Idioms, Love, Desire for Life TABLE OF CONTENTS STATEMENT OF AUTHORSHIP i ACKNOWLEDGMENT ii ABSTRACT iii TABLE OF CONTENTS iv ABBREVIATIONS x LIST OF TABLES xi CHAPTER INTRODUCTION 1.1 RATIONALE 1.2 AIM AND OBJECTIVES 1.2.1 Aim 1.2.2 Objectives 1.3 RESEARCH QUESTIONS 1.4 SCOPE OF THE STUDY 1.5 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY 1.6 ORGANIZATION OF THE STUDY CHAPTER LITERATURE REVIEW AND THEORETICAL BACKGROUND 2.1 LITERATURE REVIEW 2.2 THEORETICAL BACKGROUND 2.2.1 Conceptual Metaphor 2.2.1.1 Definition 2.2.1.2 Classification 13 2.2.1.3 Conceptual Metaphorical Mappings 18 2.2.2 The Idioms in English and Vietnamese 19 2.2.2.1 Definition 19 2.2.2.2 Features 20 2.2.2 The differences and similarities between idioms and proverbs 21 CHAPTER RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODOLOGY 24 3.1 RESEARCH METHODS 24 3.2 DATA COLLECTION 24 3.3 DATA ANALYSIS 25 3.4 RESEARCH PROCEDURES 26 3.5 SUMMARY 26 CHAPTER FINDINGS AND DISCUSSION 27 4.1 CONCEPTUAL METAPHORS IN ENGLISH AND VIETNAMESE IDIOMS RELATING TO LOVE 27 4.1.1 Love is a journey 27 4.1.1.1 In English Idioms 27 4.1.1.2 In Vietnamese Idioms 27 4.1.2 Love is an object 28 4.1.2.1 In English Idioms 28 4.1.2.2 In Vietnamese Idioms 28 4.1.3 Love is fire 29 4.1.3.1 In English Idioms 29 4.1.3.2 In Vietnamese Idioms 30 4.1.4.1 In English Idioms 30 4.1.4.2 In Vietnamese Idioms 31 4.1.5 Love is heaven 31 4.1.5.1 In English Idioms 32 4.1.5.2 In Vietnamese Idioms 32 4.1.6 Love is a container 33 4.1.6.1 In English Idioms 34 4.1.6.2 In Vietnamese Idioms 34 4.1.7 Love is parts of body 34 4.1.7.1 In English Idioms 35 4.1.7.2 In Vietnamese Idioms 35 4.1.8 Love is vegetation 36 4.1.8.1 In English Idioms 36 4.1.8.2 In Vietnamese Idioms 37 4.1.9 Love is an unstable state 37 4.1.9.1 In English Idioms 37 4.1.9.2 In Vietnamese Idioms 38 4.1.4 Love is a unity 30 4.1.10 Love is a game 38 4.1.10.1 In English Idioms 39 4.1.10.2 In Vietnamese Idioms 39 4.1.11 Love is a valuable commodity 40 4.1.11.1 In English Idioms 40 4.1.11.2 In Vietnamese Idioms 41 4.1.12 Love is flavour 41 4.1.12.1 In English Idioms 41 4.1.12.2 In Vietnamese Idioms 42 4.1.13 Love is a colour 42 4.1.13.1 In English Idioms 42 4.1.13.2 In Vietnamese Idioms 43 4.1.14 Love is an animal 43 4.1.14.1 In English Idioms 44 4.1.14.2 In Vietnamese Idioms 45 4.1.15 Love is food 46 4.1.15.1 In English Idioms 46 4.1.15.2 In Vietnamese Idioms 46 4.1.16 Love is a choice 47 4.1.16.1 In English Idioms 47 4.1.16.2 In Vietnamese Idioms 47 4.1.17 Love is life 48 4.1.17.1 In English Idioms 48 4.1.17.2 In Vietnamese Idioms 49 4.1.18 Love is foolishness 49 4.1.18.1 In English Idioms 49 4.1.18.2 In Vietnamese Idioms 50 4.1.19 Love is a rope 50 4.1.19.1 In English Idioms 50 4.1.19.2 In Vietnamese Idioms 51 4.1.20 Love is a natural force 51 4.1.20.1 In English Idioms 52 4.1.20.2 In Vietnamese Idioms 52 4.2 CONCEPTUAL METAPHORS IN ENGLISH AND VIETNAMESE IDIOMS RELATING TO DESIRE FOR LIFE 56 4.2.1 Desire for Life is an object 56 4.2.1.1 In English Idioms 56 4.2.1.2 In Vietnamese Idioms 57 4.2.2 Desire for Life is an animal 58 4.2.2.1 In English Idioms 58 4.2.2.2 In Vietnamese Idioms 58 4.2.3 Desire for Life is a container 59 4.2.3.1 In English Idioms 59 4.2.3.2 In Vietnamese Idioms 59 4.2.4 Desire for Life is a valuable commodity 60 4.2.4.1 In English Idioms 60 4.2.4.2 In Vietnamese Idioms 61 4.2.5 Desire for Life is vegetation 61 4.2.5.1 In English Idioms 62 4.2.5.2 In Vietnamese Idioms 62 4.2.6 Desire for Life is fire 62 4.2.6.1 In English Idioms 63 4.1.3 Love is fire IN ENGLISH IN VIETNAMESE [10] I was worried that they wouldn't [12] Lửa gần rơm lâu ngày bén like each other but in fact they're getting on like a house on fire [11] Yeah, Ben is his old flame—they dated last summer 4.1.4 Love is a unity IN ENGLISH IN VIETNAMESE [13] At one [18] Nhà tan cửa nát [14] At one with [19] Chia ương rẽ thúy [20] Gương vỡ lại lành [15] With his love for sport, he is a man after my own heart [16] The words she said cut me to the heart [17] Hunt in couples 4.1.5 Love is heaven IN ENGLISH IN VIETNAMESE [21] My brother and his wife are not [23] Nào người Phượng chạ loan only very supportive of each other, but chung, người tiếc lục tham hồng they also have similar interests They (The Tale of Kieu) are truly a match made in heaven [24] Ai nói chi chàng có nghe, ông [22] I've been in seventh heaven ever tơ bà nguyệt xe ta since I got engaged [25] Chân trời góc bể [26] Ả Chức chàng Ngưu 4.1.6 Love is a container IN ENGLISH IN VIETNAMESE [27] Loving cup [28] Già kén kẹn hom [29] Nồi tròn úp vung méo, úp cho vừa [30] Nước đổ bốc chẳng đầy thưng 4.1.7 Love is parts of body IN ENGLISH IN VIETNAMESE [31] Ask for SO’s hand [45] Đầu bạc long [32] He loves her body and soul [46] Xa mặt, cách lòng [33]Cast sheep eyes [47] Như hình với bóng [34] Hold SO to one’s bosom [35] Go hand in hand with [36] In one’s heart of heart [37] Sweep SO off his feet [38] Put SO/STH out of one’s head [39] Fling oneself at SO’s head [40] Bow down one’s ear to SO [41] Joined at the hip [42] eyes someone up [43] Out of sight, out of mind [44] She fell head over heels in love with her tennis coach and they have decided to get married soon 4.1.8 Love is vegetation IN ENGLISH IN VIETNAMESE [48] As good as Wheat [50] Gái có bồ hịn có rễ [49] The grass is always greener on the other side of the fence [51] Say hoa đắm nguyệt [52] Xanh lá, bạc vôi [53] Yêu hoa nên phải vin cành 4.1.9 Love is an unstable state IN ENGLISH IN VIETNAMESE [54] They got divorced, for his wife was [56] Rượu khơng say, say chén unstable as water [57] Khơng dây mà buộc, không thuốc [55] They had fallen madly in love with mà say each other and were inseparable [58] Say điếu đổ 4.1.10 Love is a game IN ENGLISH IN VIETNAMESE [59] He'll anything to win her heart [62] Bắt cá hai tay [60] It is bad to break one's word - it is [63] Thề non hẹn biển even worse to be found out [61] Fred: I wish I were George He always wins tons of money at our poker games Alan: Don't be jealous of him Lucky at cards, unlucky in love 4.1.11 Love is a valuable commodity IN ENGLISH [64] I'm so sick of dating broke losers IN VIETNAMESE [65] Của chồng công vợ My new mantra is — no money, no [66] [68] Đá Tiềnnát hết, vàng tìnhphai hết honey” 4.1.12 Love is flavour [67] Tham vàng bỏ ngãi IN ENGLISH IN VIETNAMESE [69] They went to Paris for their honey- [70] ớt ớt chẳng cay, gái moon gái chẳng hay ghen chồng [71] Cơm chả lành, canh chả [72] Chia sẻ bùi 4.1.13 Love is a colour IN ENGLISH IN VIETNAMESE [73] Turn as red as a beetroot [74] Đen đầu bỏ, đỏ đầu ni [75] Xanh lá, bạc vơi [76] Đen tình đỏ bạc 4.1.14 Love is an animal [79] I think Pam and Sid are the cutest young couple in town Although it might be IN ENGLISH IN VIETNAMESE just puppy love, they look wonderful together [80] The reason behind the divorce of Cathy Carl is the arrogance, she always says, [77] I heard Bill had an affair with his [82] Trâu già gặm cỏ non "love me, love my dog" which is not a good thing every time in a relationship wife's best friend! What a love rat he is [81] If you make sheep's eyes at someone, look lovingly [83]you Chia uyên rẽ thúy.or with longing at [78] I always used to think that Dan them was a very reserved person, but after [84] Trâu tìm cọc, cọc chẳng tìm trâu watching him get lovey-dovey with his girlfriend at the club, I think there's [85] Mèo mã gà đồng another side to him him 4.1.15 Love is food IN ENGLISH IN VIETNAMESE [86] Take dinner without grace [87] Cơm chả lành, canh chả [88] Nhường cơm sẻ áo 4.1.16 Love is a choice IN ENGLISH IN VIETNAMESE [89] I have a list of things that I am [90] Bao tìm đươc ý trung nhân em looking for in a partner Once I find lấy chồng someone who has all of those qualities I will know that I have found Mr Right 4.1.17 Love is life IN ENGLISH IN VIETNAMESE [91] He loved to death, and said that he [92] Yêu cắn đau could not stop loving her even when he knew that she had been unfaithful to 4.1.18 Love is foolishness IN ENGLISH IN VIETNAMESE [93] I don't think it is wise of Elsie and [94] Quê xứ cô gái trót lỡ Ray to decide to get married so soon Khôn ba năm dại giờ, bắt đầu nhớ into their relationship But then, one tiếc đứng núi trông núi can’t love and be wise (Nguyen Ngoc Tu) 4.1.19 Love is a rope IN ENGLISH [95] After five years of going around with each other, George and Mia have finally decided to Tie the knot later this year IN VIETNAMESE [96] Lạt mềm buộc chặt [97] Trăm nghìn gửi lại tình quân, Tơ dun ngắn ngủi có ngần thơi (The Tale of Kieu - Nguyen Du) [98] Kết tóc xe tơ 4.1.20 Love is a natural force IN ENGLISH IN VIETNAMESE [99] After having a very stormy [100] Tình yêu sét đánh relationship for around two years, they decided to separate B IDIOMS RELATED TO DESIRE FOR LIFE Below are 50 English samples and 50 Vietnamese samples about desire for life that are used for analysis in the research, the found metaphors are highlighted in black in each idiomatic expressions Some are discussed in the chapter 4.2.1 Desire for Life is an object IN ENGLISH IN VIETNAMESE [101] I have to say, Sarah has been as [107] Sinh lập nghiệp steady as a rock during this whole ordeal [102] With your grades and extra [108] Chng có gõ kêu, đèn có khêu rạng [109] Thua keo này, bày keo khác curriculars, you'll have the ball at your feet in your college search [110] Thuận buồm xi gió [103] My grandmother is tough as old [111] Chân cứng đá mềm boots—she lived through the Great [112] Có cơng mài sắt có ngày nên kim Depression and raised four kids pretty much all on her own! [104] Helen has offered to step into the breach while I'm away [105] Like a hundred of bricks [106] Bring home the beacon 4.2.2 Desire for Life is an animal IN ENGLISH IN VIETNAMESE [113] We must be as patient as an ox if [117] Voi cày, chim nhặt we wish to labour in the artistic [118] Trăm bó đuốc vớ [114] Though he acts as merry as a ếch cricket, he is dreadfully unhappy when [119] Đất lành chim đậu he is all alone [115] You've been complaining about being out of work for too long—it's [120] Chim trời, cá nước time to take the bull by the horns and [121] Bống có gan bống, bớp có gan go find a job bớp [122] Không vào hang cọp bắt [116] To be in high feather cọp 4.2.3 Desire for Life is a container IN ENGLISH IN VIETNAMESE [123] Work deep into the night [127] Vui mở cờ bụng [124] Third-place City has a game in hand but the surprise result against Sunderland, coupled with Sunday's 3-2 [128] Tiền rừng bạc bể loss at Liverpool, may be a setback too [129] Nhà mát, bát ngon far in its bid for a second championship cơm [130] Khéo ăn no, khéo co ấm in three seasons [131] Đi ngày đàng học sàng [125] He exactly covered himself with khôn glory in his last job [132] Còn nước tát [126] To be full of life [134] Bốn bể năm châu 4.2.4 Desire for Life is a valuable commodity IN ENGLISH IN VIETNAMESE [135] Everyone has their price [141] Vàng thiệt chẳng sợ chi lửa [136] At all cost [142] Biết người biết [137] At any rate [143] Người sống còn, người chết hết [138] bank on/upon [144] Giàu người mười giàu [139] bid fair to something [145] Của ăn, để [140] For all one is worth [146] Có chí làm quan, có gan làm giàu [147] Một quan tiền công không đồng tiền thư [148] Của thay người 4.2.5 Desire for Life is vegetation [156] I feel like we had to go through fireINand water to get here, since all of our IN ENGLISH VIETNAMESE [155] A hall of fire [158] Lửa thử sai vàng, lộcgian nan thử sức [149] were Aftereither a good night's I'll be [153] Nảy tài, flights delayed or sleep cancelled as fresh as a daisy [154] Dày công vun sới oil [157] takes been her exam nextoff week, so she's burning the midnight [150]She You've putting making 4.2.7 Desirecall for for Life days is a unity that phone - I think it's [172] I want to have the ball at my feet at IN ENGLISH the most crucial moment in a game— about time you grasped the nettle! [151] I never believed miracles but [159] I've been breaking my neck trying IN VIETNAMESE after meeting Brian Greene, a dull and to get a passing grade this semester, so old but diamond ring that he found in [160] Tích tiểu thành đại failing by two measly points is incredibly his garden made his life a bed of roses frustrating [161] Xấu chữ lành nghĩa [152] Turn over a new leaf [162] Góp gió thành bão 4.2.8 Desire for for Life Life is is fire heaven 4.2.6 Desire IN ENGLISH [163] I know you're disappointed that you didn't come in first, but so many IN VIETNAMESE other incredible things have happened to [167] Ngang trời, dọc đất you this year Count your blessings, my [168] Biết trời, mười đời chẳng khó darling [164] Carry the world before one [169] Chim trời, cá nước [165] Dawn of brighter days [170] Bồng lai tiên cảnh [166] Gleam of hope [171] Cá vượt vũ môn 4.2.9 Desire for Life is human beings IN ENGLISH IN VIETNAMESE [187] Đường mịn, nhân nghĩa khơng mịn [186] Phúc đẳng hà sa I want to be the hero [173] He dedicated himself body and soul to the education of young men [174] Make no bones about doing [188] Khôn ngoan chẳng lọ thật thà, lường thưng tráo đấu chẳng qua đong đầy [189] Đi ngày đàng, học sàng khôn something [190] Của gian đãi người ngoan [175] Break one’s neck thiên hạ [176] Chance one’s arm [177] Face up to [178] Fight with a rope round one’s neck [179] Put one’s foot down [191] Có học biết, có đến [192] Bõ cơng đèn sách [193] Chân cứng đá mềm [194] Có đức mà ăn [180] Stand on one’s own feet [195] Gánh phân làm cỏ, chẳng bỏ [181] Have the game in one’s hand đâu [182] Have one’s heart in one’s work [183] Hold one’s head high [196] Nhà mát, bát ngon [184] Keep a straight face cơm [185] Keep a good heart 4.2.10 Desire for Life is a game IN ENGLISH [197] Fly at higher game IN VIETNAMESE [200] Thua keo bày keo khác [198] Have the game in one’s hand [199] To be game for anything ... 4.1.20.1 In English Idioms 52 4.1.20.2 In Vietnamese Idioms 52 4.2 CONCEPTUAL METAPHORS IN ENGLISH AND VIETNAMESE IDIOMS RELATING TO DESIRE FOR LIFE 56 4.2.1 Desire for Life. .. attempt to investigating conceptual metaphors expressing to Vietnamese and English idioms relating to love and desire for life Many idioms have been collected with a large number The chosen idioms. .. Analyzing the metaphors in the idioms to find out the frequency of the types of metaphors - Comparing and contrasting the English and Vietnamese idioms in love and desire for life - Pointing out the