Học thuyết kỳ vọng của vroom và học thuyết nhu cầu của maslow vận dụng vào thực tiễn doanh nghiệp e

Học Thuyết kỳ vọng Vroom Học thuyết nhu cầu Maslow Vận dụng vào thực tiễn doanh nghiệp CONTENT: How to promote the intellectual capacity of workers to their most useful work is a question that any business will try to find the best answer In this context, competition is becoming fierce not just on products, services, customers, but also competitive in terms of human resources Therefore, all businesses need to know how to use human resources effectively, that is to develop and implement a range of effects, which are to create excitement, pride, and desire to voluntarily contribution of all employees in the enterprise I Nature and relationship between two motivation theories : Expectation Theory of Vroom and Needs Theory of Maslow Expectation theory of VROOM Vroom theory is based on a number of dynamic factors such as the attractiveness of the job, the relationship between results and rewards, the relationship between the determined effort and work results of them V vroom placed the relationship between these factors motivate employees in a comparison with each other, so applying this theory to the management process requires managers to have the certain degree When people work hard, they will expect a good result with a reward If rewards consistent with their expectations, they will work to create larger engines in the course of the next working Expectations of the employees have a great motivation for employees, but to be expected for workers, they must have the means and conditions to make it Especially when designing tasks for employees, it is not only to design high enough for them to develop their potentiality, but also low enough for them to see the results they can achieve Role of motivation By studying a number of theories, views on management engine help us see an important role in determining the employee acts - The employees will have positive actions to improve themselves through work - Motivating behavior in two opposite angles that are positive and negative The employee who has positive motivation will create a psychological work well and help to make the business more powerful - Creating motivation is always a problem set for each manager Is salary or reward policy appropriate or not? Do they arrange a reasonable job or not? Does the work satisfy the needs of the employee or not? All of these factors decide to take regular work or stagnant discontent that lead to abandon the enterprise of employees Needs theory of MASLOW According to Maslow, the basic needs of human beings are divided into two categories: basic needs and meta needs Basic needs relate to physical factors such as the human desire to have enough food, drinking water, sleeping These needs are basic needs that cannot deficient because if people are not fully meet these needs, they will not survive; they will struggle to get up and survive in life on The needs higher than basic needs are called higher-order needs These needs include various factors such as the spirit of justice requirement, safety, fun, social status, respect, honors an individual, etc The basic needs are often given priority and attention before with these high-level needs With any person, if there are the food shortage, lack of drinking they will not care about the needs of beauty, respect Pyramid of Needs Theory Maslow's needs tower can be expressed as a 5-layer pyramid In particular, the basic needs at the bottom of the pyramid must be satisfied prior to the higher demand The higher demand will arise and look forward to more intensely satisfying when all basic needs at the bottom (the bottom of the tower) have been met fully First layer: The most basic needs are physiological needs such as food, water, shelter, sex, excretion, breathing or relaxation This is the need to maintain the existence of a natural body; it includes the following elements: food, clothing, sleep, maintenance of race This need appears as the earliest It dominates the wants of man, so people find ways to satisfy it According to Maslow when this need is met, it continued to appear in higher needs Second layer: Safety needs - need to feel assured of physical safety, employment, family, health and guaranteed property As need appears next to physiological needs that have been met Demonstrating that people will react to signs of danger or threat and they not like to work in dangerous areas but want to work in safe labor conditions, allowances and other remuneration… Third layer: The need to exchange feelings and love / belonging - people want to be in a certain community groups, to have calm family, friends, trusted friends A type of emotional needs such as love…that if lack it, people would feel so empty when they lack of friends, parents, brothers Forth layer: They are needs to be respected, to be loved (esteem) - need to feel respected, loved and believed Including the need or desire to express the value of self-respect and respect of others, Maslow divided into two types: - Do their own efforts in education and training to achieve success with all confidence - Be a desire for reputation, prestige, status, desire to be noticed, be shown He also pointed out that people that want to be respected, then first they have to respect the others Fifth layer: Self-actualization needs - to like creativity, ability to be expressed, express themselves, show themselves, and have been recognized as successful Maslow said that despite all the above requirements were met, we still felt unsure and anxious again Since then, the needs for individuals are doing right things for people Clearly, these needs appear to have the satisfaction of other needs We see that these needs not always appear at the same time from time to time, each will have different needs; the content of the theory of Maslow said that the scope of these needs in order from low to high and this wider has certain limit Analyze the nature of Maslow theory: Maslow's needs hierarchy divided people needs from lower to higher level, helping us to know the hierarchy of needs, which are applied to the management policies more appropriately To motivate employees, managers need to learn where the employee is in a hierarchy and to use satisfaction on the needs hierarchy - Basic needs: whether through the good and fair salary, provide lunch or in between a free shift or guaranteed benefits such as bonuses, tourist visits… - Safety needs: managers can ensure favorable working conditions, job security is maintained stable and fair treatment for employees, health insurance and unemployment insurance for the labor - To meet the social needs of workers, the company should facilitate teamwork, create opportunities to expand exchanges between the parts; to encourage people to contribute their opinions and organize fun activities and recreation… - To satisfy the esteem needs, the laborer should be respected for their personality and dignity Enterprises need to have mechanisms and policies to praise, celebrate success and popular success of individuals widely - For self-actualization needs: provide opportunities to develop personal strengths, workers need training and development, be involved in development programs and improving the business - According to Maslow, when a group needs are satisfied, those needs not have further motivation This is not reasonable for the application of policies in work motivation; managers still need to maintain the minimum requirements - Maslow's theory is only on the general aspects, not to mention the socioeconomic characteristics and culture of each country - The difference between the needs is very difficult to distinguish In fact, the needs can also stacked and coincide Relationship between: Needs Theory of MASLOW and Expectation Theory of VROOM Two theories on the nature are different but all have one thing in common that is to discuss about motivation and motivation for employees In summary, from the analysis of the contents of the two theories above, they were going into the study of motivation and ability to devote the effort of the employees; understand the deep branch of the problem, from that proposed solutions were given to help management and labor bring high efficiency The most obvious difference of the two theories: The Needs theory emphasizes the needs, and expectations theories focus on efficiency Based on the contents and ideas of the theories and application in real conditions of our country today, especially for the issues of businesses, motivating employees is necessary II Analyze the working motivation of employees in Truong Nguyen Joint-Stock Company Company introduction Company name: Truong Nguyen Joint-Stock Company Trading name: Truong Nguyen JSC Head office: 158 Nguyen Khanh Toan, Cau Giay, Ha Noi Factory: Pho Noi Industrial Zone – Hung Yen Website: www.truongnguyen.com Truong Nguyen Joint Stock Company is an enterprise with 100% private capital, established in August 2006 With an initial charter capital of 10 billion, the company has been growing, manufacturing and increasingly expanding Along with the development of market economy, the advantages of Vietnam have confirmed the position on the world economy map, especially after Vietnam accession to WTO Scope of activities of the company Truong Nguyen Joint Stock Company is a manufacturing enterprise which produce and process the interior for the export Since its establishment and operation so far the company has developed continuously to expand production and business garments; a growing reputation with customers and a foothold in the domestic and foreign markets Basic definitions 2.1 What is need? Human needs are diverse and complex They include the basic physiological needs of clothing, heating and safety of life and the social needs; the close proximity, reputation, status to stick as well as personal knowledge and self-presentation Therefore, the need is something that people feel lack If demand is not fulfilled, people will feel miserable and sad In addition, if this need is significantly greater, it becomes more miserable People who are not satisfied will have to choose one of two solutions, are embarking on a search for objects capable of satisfying the needs, or try to control it 2.2 What is desire? Desire is a particular need, corresponding to the level of high culture and personality of the individual 2.3 What is request? Request is desire to be accompanied by conditions to deal with solvency 2.4 What is motivation? Human activities are activities intended to satisfy their needs When it has the opportunity, it will be the most powerful decision to motivate their behavior So what is motivation? Motivation is the subjective goal of human activities to meet the needs posed Such motivation comes from every human being itself When people are in different locations, with different psychological characteristics, they will have different desired objectives so managers need to have a different effect on each employee Analyze the working motivation of employees at Truong Nguyen Joint-Stock Company Creating incentives for employees working is important and of great significance to a company and stable long-term development in the current competitive environment Truong Nguyen Company determines that the first task is to create favorable conditions for employees to complete tasks and stimulate labor Each staff devotes their efforts to the company and each has a different engine, but the overall gains are mostly in the main engine below - Salary Salary is a key component of income, income from the most obvious expression of economic interests of workers so it should be used as a powerful economic lever to stimulate employees The high salaries will be worthy for employee contributions to the company - Reward The money is used to reward high-performing employees than the provisions of each unit; rewards for working hard as additional income for workers It is a means to assess the merits of crystal responsibility, achievement of workers for jobs and businesses Reward is one of the benefits of measures to promote physical and mental for the employees The employees promote interest in the results of work, labor saving lives, materialized labor to ensure the quality requirements and the completion time - Safe working environment Different manufacturing environments have different conditions to affect the employee Conditions and working environment include regulations on air, humidity, noise, tools and instruments to work These factors directly affect the work of employees: altering the mind-state physiological functions, leading to fatigue and reducing work capacity, reducing labor productivity Therefore, the company has invested to improve working conditions and overcome the factors causing the working conditions adversely that may affect the employees (such as dust, noise, vibration, toxic, microclimate ) It is also equipped with the means of labor protection regulations, planted many trees to create relaxing and comfortable for employees - To ensure the necessary conditions of health Ensuring the necessary medical conditions helps to satisfy health and safety of workers It helps employees feel more secure before the threat of occupational accidents, occupational diseases and illnesses that can occur in the course of work, through which the labor force will increase 2.5 Ensure the reasonable working and resting mode The effect of unreasonably work and rest mode may affect the working ability of employees: continuous time and stay long will create fatigue level, reducing the level of the larger work The company applies working hours per day, 5.5 working days per week; off on Saturday and Sunday, mid-shift break for 15 minutes Company arranges working time and leisure adequately to avoid fatigue and create working atmosphere comfortably comfortable - Create peace of mind to employees about the possibility of prevention of risks in the future During working, the employees may be totally at risk To avoid such risks, the company has close social insurance, health insurance for employees On the other hand, to make a difference with other businesses; to increase the engagement of workers and to make them positively active in their dedication, the company launches the program to prevent risks such as life insurance for employees In addition, the company has policy for lending workers with lowinterest loans to help them when they are in difficulties - Create personal development of employees In the system of workers' needs, self-actualization need is highest one Creating the personal development of employees is content to meet the needs To this, the company has created an environment and conditions for employees development through activities such as promotion, appointment, training, extension work for labor, delivering the nature of the challenge, creating conditions for development of "personal brand" to employees Promotion is a practical need of workers for the promotion opportunities, for personal growth, increased status, prestige and power of workers Training and development of the workers are working to improve and update knowledge of employees, to their psychological peace of mind; confident in their own skills at work, creating the stick with the company and work more actively Because of the challenging work, that will be good motivation for employees CONCLUSION Through the Needs Theory initiated by psychologist Abraham Maslow and Expectation theory of Vroom, each of us can draw many interesting things about the needs and values in life Like many other theories, this theory is certainly not absolute and full of integrity, it also received many comments opposed and rejected However, over time, the theory has been mentioned and widely used People are the center of social activity, so not exclude any organization if that organization wants to work well and has to pay attention to human issues A business that wants to develop well should focus on human resource management Since the need characteristics, personality, psychological needs of each person is different, so in the governance, it asked both scientific and artistic skills Providing incentives for employees is one of the key issues of the executives in the HR and the success of its decision to the overall success of the business In the previous period, due to socio-economic characteristics, the company decided the motivation for employees to focus only on materials; but today, society has become increasingly advanced and the company should improve matters of the human mind They are not only physical needs but also spiritual needs Currently, mental factors play a role in the enormous motivation for workers in the enterprise The combination between the two elements is the key to the success of any business REFERENCES Curriculum “Organization and Management” of University of Business Management Google.com Webtailieu.net ... would feel so empty when they lack of friends, parents, brothers Forth layer: They are needs to be respected, to be loved (esteem) - need to feel respected, loved and believed Including the need... difficulties - Create personal development of employees In the system of workers' needs, self-actualization need is highest one Creating the personal development of employees is content to meet the needs... Self-actualization needs - to like creativity, ability to be expressed, express themselves, show themselves, and have been recognized as successful Maslow said that despite all the above requirements were met,