AN ANALYSIS OF THE SUGGESTED TRANSLATION OF CHAPTER 8 FROM THE BOOK CULTURE AND CUSTOMS OF AUSTRALIA BY LAURIE CLANCY, 2004

i DUY TAN UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF ENGLISH NGUYEN HOANG NHAT – GRADUATION PAPER IN ENGLISH LINGUISTICS - 2021 NGUYEN HOANG NHAT AN ANALYSIS OF THE SUGGESTED TRANSLATION OF CHAPTER FROM THE BOOK "CULTURE AND CUSTOMS OF AUSTRALIA" BY LAURIE CLANCY, 2004 GRADUATION PAPER IN ENGLISH LINGUISTICS DA NANG, 2021 ii DUY TAN UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF ENGLISH GRADUATION PAPER AN ANALYSIS OF THE SUGGESTED TRANSLATION OF CHAPTER FROM THE BOOK "CULTURE AND CUSTOMS OF AUSTRALIA" BY LAURIE CLANCY, 2004 Major: English for Translation and Interpretation SUPERVISOR : PHAN THI THUY TIEN, M.A STUDENT : NGUYEN HOANG NHAT CLASS : K23NAB STUDENT CODE: 23213111964 DA NANG, 2021 i ACKNOWLEDGEMENT  First of all, I want to express my deepset gratitude to the all lectures of Faculty of English During my four years at Duy Tan University, the lectures in particular taught me directly I’ve gained more useful knowledge thanks to solid expertise and enthusiastic teaching It is a pleasure for me to assist in not only improving my education but also preparing for my future work Next, I’d want to express my heartfelt gratitude to Ms Phan Thi Thuy Tien, who patiently led, provided helpful suggestions, comments to assist me comprehend and complete the report Finally, most significantly, I’m grateful to my friends, particularly my family, who have always stood by my side, encouraging me during time on school and through this graduation I plan to study hard for the final exam in the near future so that I can graduate after four years of education I’m hoping everthing goes smoothy and I get what I want I wish the instructors good healthy and continued success in their careers as educators Sincerely Nhat Nguyen Hoang Nhat ii STATEMENT OF AUTHORSHIP As a result, I declare that my dissertation work, tiled “An Analysis of the Suggested Translation of Chapter from the Book "Culture and Customs of Australia" by Laurie Clancy, 2004”, was completed and submitted to the Faculty of English at Duy Tan University This content has not been sunbmited for a degree to any other university of institution Without proper acknowledgement, my thesis does not infringe on anyone’s copyright This is a complete copy of my thesis, including any final edits, which I confirm Danang, December 2021 NGUYEN HOANG NHAT iii ABSTRACT In this graduation thesis, I would like to offer a suggested translation in Vietnamese for the English text of Part 1Chapter “The Performinig Arts The Entrepreneurial Perspective” from the book “EntrepreneurshipCulture and Customs of Australia" by Laurie Clancy, 2004”” by Michael Laverty, Chris Little, published on Jan 16th, 2020 I also analyzed some special vocabulary and structures which I faced during the translation process Through this paper, I identify some difficulties that students found confused in business translation, and put forward some effective solutions iv ABBREVIATIONS S : Subject O : Object V : Verb A : Adverb C : Complement VP : Verb Phrase NP : Noun Phrase AP : Adjective Phrase SL : Source Language TL : Target Language Re word : Relative word v TABLE OF CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGEMENT i STATEMENT OF AUTHORSHIP ii ABSTRACT iii ABBREVIATIONS iv CHAPTER INTRODUCTION 1.1 Rationale 1 1.2 Aims and Objectives 1.3 Scope of the Study 1.3.1 Text Features 1.3.2 Text Length 1.3.3 Text Organization 1.3.4 Text Source 1.4 Method of the Study 1.4.1 Methods 1.4.2 Translating Method .4 1.4.3 Analyzing Method CHAPTER THEORETICAL BACKGROUND 2.1 Translation Theory 4 2.1.1 Definition 2.1.2 Types of translation .6 2.1.2.1 Full vs Partial Translation .6 2.1.2.2 Total vs Restricted Translation 2.1.2.3 Phonological Translation 2.2 Principles and Methods of Translation 2.2.1 Principles .9 2.2.1.1 Meaning vi 2.2.1.2 Form .9 2.2.1.3 Register 2.2.1.4 Idiom 2.2.1.5 Style and Clarity 10 2.2.1.6 Source language influence 10 2.2.2 Methods .10 2.2.2.1 Word-for-word Translation 10 2.2.2.2 Literal Translation 11 2.2.2.3 Faithful Translation 11 2.2.2.4 Semantic Translation 11 2.2.2.5 Adaptation 12 2.2.2.6 Free Translation 12 2.2.2.7 Idiomatic Translation 13 2.2.2.8 Communicative Translation 13 CHAPTER 3: SUGGESTED TRANSLATION 14 CHAPTER ANALYSIS 44 4.1 Vocabulary44 4.1.1 Multi-meaning words 44 4.1.2 Phrasal Verbs .47 4.1.3 Idioms 48 4.1.4 Compound Adjective 50 4.2 Structures 50 4.2.1 Passive voice .51 4.2.2 Compound Sentences 51 4.2.3 Complex Sentences .53 4.2.4.1 Noun Clause 53 4.2.4.2 Relative Clause .56 vii 4.2.4.3 Adverbial Clauses 59 4.2.5 Compound- Complex sentence 63 4.2.6 Dummy Subject 67 CHAPTER DIFFICULTIES AND SOLUTIONS 68 5.1 Difficulties 68 5.2 Solutions 69 CHAPTER CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTIONS 71 6.1 Conclusion 71 6.2 Suggestions 71 REFERENCES 72 SUPERVISOR’S COMMENTS 73 CHAPTER INTRODUCTION 1.1 Rationale I observe how important it is to have a strong knowledge base and a passion for translation as a student at Duy Tan University’s English Faculty concentrating in translation and interpretation I’m also aware of how much I still have to learn and improve Furthermore, a translator must be fluent in both the source and target languages, as well as have a complete understanding of the culture Multilingualism and a district regional identity come from each country’s, region’s, culture, customs, and languages Because, I wish to learn more about the performing arts I chose a book culture and customs from among them For two reasons, I chose the book “Chapter of Culture and Customs of Australia”: First, performing arts as a sort of body language for expressinig emotions and life events It is the result of people’s deeds in life, as they labor in harmony with nature Second, I’d like to gain a greater understanding of the hardship, tenacity, perseverance, and talent required to overcome the crisis, the war, and achieve a gallant victory As a result, I chose to read this book in order to gain a deeper understanding or performing arts Finally, I hope thay my enthusiasm for choosing, improving my traslating, and expanding my knowledge has been contagious 53 Đối với sách, lĩnh vực gây tranh cãi tương tự năm 1980 đầu năm 1990 với Đạo luật Bản quyền năm 1968, số nghệ sĩ cho sức mạnh vượt trội, số, giàu có ngành cơng nghiệp nước ngồi có nghĩa công việc Úc thúc đẩyra khỏi thị trường địa phương Example 6: “One commentator observed of a list of most popular Australian songs, from this we can deduce that we are a nation of thirsty, politically correct Vietnam vets with a sense of irony” [P24] The sentence includes three clauses: two independent clause and one dependent clause Independent Clause 1: One commentator observed of a list of most popular Australian songs Independent Clause 2: from this we can deduce Dependent Clause: that we are a nation of thirsty, politically correct Vietnam vets with a sense of irony” Suggested translation: Một nhà bình luận quan sát danh sách hát Úc, “Từ điều này, chúng tơi suy luận chúng tơi quốc gia nghèo, cựu chiến binh Việt Nam trị đắn với châm biếm 4.2.3.2 Relative Clause An adjective clause, or relative clause, is a type of dependent clause that works to describe a noun in a sentence It functions as an adjective even though it is made up of a group of words instead of just one word In the case of an adjective clause, all the words work together to modify the noun or pronoun 54 A relative clause is a subordinate clause which specifies or gives information about a person or thing Relative clauses come after a noun or pronoun and, in English, often begin with a relative pronoun such as 'who', 'which', or 'that' There are three types of relative clauses    Defining Relative Clauses (Restrictive adjective clause) Non- defining Relative Clauses (Non-retrictive adjective clause) Reduced relative clause Example 7: “The revival of Australian theater probably began with Ray Lawler’s Summer of the Seventeenth Doll (1955), a hallmark play and a resounding success with audiences who delighted in the recognition of their own idiom on stage for the first time.” [P5] The sentence includes two clauses: one independent clause and one dependent clause Independent Clause: The revival of Australian theater probably began with Ray Lawler’s Summer of the Seventeenth Doll (1955), a hallmark play and a resounding success with audiences Dependent Clause: who delighted in the recognition of their own idiom on stage for the firsts time Suggested translation: Sự hồi sinh nhà hát Úc có lẽ bắt đầu với tác phẩm Mùa hè búp bê thứ mười bảy Ray Lawler (1955), kịch bật thành công vang dội 55 với khán giả thích thú cơng nhận thành ngữ riêng họ sân khấu lần Example 8: “The most commercially successful of all of them, Williamson came to the fore with two big hits, Don’s Party (1971), about a group of young people who gather together on the night of the 1969 federal election, and The Removalists (1971), a powerful and early treatment of the violence that lies beneath an apparently peaceful society.” [P7] In the situation, the sentence has three clauses- one independent clause and two dependent clauses Independent Clause: The most commercially successful of all of them, Williamson came to the fore with two big hits, Don’s Party (1971), about a group of young people Dependent Clause 1: who gather together on the night of the 1969 federal election, and The Removalists (1971), a powerful and early treatment of the violence Dependent Clause 2: that lies beneath an apparently peaceful society Suggested translation: Thành công về mặt thương mại số họ Williamson- người dẫn đầu với hai tác phẩm biết đến rộng rãi, Bữa tiệc Don (1971), kể về nhóm niên tập hợp lại với vào đêm bầu cử liên bang 56 năm 1969, The Removalists (1971), biện pháp xử lý sớm mạnh mẽ bạo lực bên xã hội dường hịa bình Example 9: “There are other female dramatists who have tended to be neglected.” [P8]] Independent Clause: There are other female dramatists Dependent Clause: who have tended to be neglected Suggested translation: Có nhà biên kịch nữ khác có xu hướng bị lãng quên 4.2.3.3 Adverbial Clauses An adverbial clause is a dependent clause that functions as an adverb That is, the entire clause modifies a verb, an adjective, or another adverb As with all clauses, it contains a subject and predicate, though the subject as well as the (predicate) verb may sometimes be omitted and implied Types of Adverb Clauses:  Adverb clauses of Time: Conjunctions answering the question "when?", such as: when, before, after, since, while, as, as long as, till, until, etc.; or the paired (correlative) conjunctions: hardly when, scarcely when, barely when, no sooner than  Adverbial clause of Place: Answering the question "where?": where, wherever, anywhere, everywhere, etc Say when something happens by referring to a period or point of time, or to another event  Adverbial clause of Manner: Answering the question, "how"? : as, like  Adverbial clause of Condition: if, unless, lest, provided that Talk about a possible or counterfactual situation and its consequences  Adverbial clause of Cause/Reason: because, since, as, given Indicate the reason for something 57  Adverbial clause of Results: so that, such that Indicate the result(s) of an act or event  Adverbial clause of Comparison: as as, than, as State comparison of a skill, size or amount, etc  Adverbial clause of Concession/Contrast: although, though, while Make two statements, one of which contrasts with the other or makes it seem surprising  Adverbial clause of Purpose: in order to, so that, in order that, in case Indicate the purpose of an action Example 10: “Though a system of regular consultation was put in place when the strike ended, there has been continued tension between dancers and management, with many of the former still making highly public exits.” [P28] In this sentence, the dependent clause works as adverbial clause of time and it begins with a subordinating conjunction “when” and one adverbial clause of Concession Independent clause 1: there has been continued tension between dancers and management, with many of the former still making highly public exits Dependent clause 1: Though a system of regular consultation was put in place Dependent clause 2: when the strike ended Suggested translation: Mặc dù hệ thống tham vấn thường xuyên đưa đình cơngđã kết thúc, tiếp tục có căng thẳng vũ cơng ban quản lý, với nhiều người số họ trước công khai lối Example 11: 58 “Midnight Oil’s “Beds Are Burning” (1978) is an unashamed appeal to return their land to the Aborigines, while the Don Walker-written “Khe Sanh,” (1987) performed by Cold Chisel” [P24] This sentence contains one independent clause “Midnight Oil’s “Beds Are Burning” (1978) is an unashamed appeal to return their land to the Aborigines” and one dependent clause “ while the Don Walker-written “Khe Sanh,” (1987) performed by Cold Chisel” which is adverbial clause of concession, respectively Suggested translation: Beds Are Burning" (1978) Midnight Oil hấp dẫn không ngại ngùng trả lại đất đai họ cho thổ dân, Don Walker viết “Khe Sanh” (1987) Cold Chisel thực Example 12: “When the chief executive of Opera Australia was accused of playing safe in programming and not investing enough in new work, he pointed out that in order to sustain the company, Opera Australia had to take more of its income from the box office than any other opera company in the world.” [[25] The sentence uses a noun clause that in order to sustain the company, Opera Australia had to take more of its income from the box office than any other opera company in the world.” Besides, a sentence has one adverbial clause of time “When the chief executive of Opera Australia was accused of playing safe in programming” Sugguest translation: Khi giám đốc điều hành Opera Australia bị buộc tội chơi q an tồn lập trình khơng đầu tư đủ cho tác phẩm mới, ông để trì cơng ty, Opera Australia phải lấy thu nhập từ phòng vé nhiều opera khác công ty giới 59 4.2.4 Compound- Complex sentence A compound-complex sentence is comprised of at least two independent clauses and one or more dependent clauses Example 13: “A Melbourne season funded by George Coppin was unsuccessful in 1856, but shortly afterward William Saurin Lyster established an opera company, which between March 1861 and August 1869, performed 42 different operas over 1,459 performances” [P28] The below compound complex sentence has two independent clauses and one dependent clause that is a relative clause Two independed clauses are combied with “but” Independent Clause 1: A Melbourne season funded by George Coppin was unsuccessful in 1856 Independent Clause 2: shortly afterward William Saurin Lyster established an opera company Dependent clause : which between March 1861 and August 1869 performed 42 different operas over 1,459 performances Suggested translation: Một mùa giải Melbourne George Coppin tài trợ không thành công vào năm 1856, nhưngkhông lâu sau William Saurin Lyster thành lập công ty opera, từ tháng năm 1861 đến tháng năm 1869, biểu diễn 42 opera khác 1.459 buổi biểu diễn Example 14: “Amateur performances soon proliferated, with even convicts participating, and most of the bigger cities quickly developed their own 60 theaters, which sometimes doubled during the day as churches and courthouses.” [P2] This sentence has two independent clauses combined together by the coordinator “and”and two dependent clauses combined together by the coordinator “and” and one adjective clause which is connected Independent Clause 1: Amateur performances soon proliferated, with even convicts participating Independent Clause 2: most of the bigger cities quickly developed their own theaters Dependent Clause : which sometimes doubled during the day as churches and courthouses Sugguest Translation: Biểu diễn nghiệp dư nhanh chóng gia tăng, chí có người bị kết án tham gia hầu hết thành phố lớn phát triển nhanh rạp hát riêng họ, số tăng gấp đôi thời gian ngày nhà thờ tòa án 4.2.5 Dummy Subject All non-imperative English sentences must have a subject When there is no subject linked with this verb and the genuine subject is somewhere in the clause, we must use a pseudo-subject (a dummy/an empty/an artificial subject) In English, there are two pseudo-subjects “IT” and “THERE” are two dummy subjects used common in English Example 15: “There are other female dramatists who have tended to be neglected” [P7] The sentence uses/has the structure "THERE /it (Se) + (aux) + BE + S (r) + PREDICATION” It marks more prominently as new information the noun phrase" other female dramatists” 61 Suggested translation: Có nhà biên kịch nữ khác có xu hướng bị lãng quên Example 16: Despite the political consciousness of these songs, it is hard to generalize about the nature of Australian popular culture from them The sentence uses the “dummy subject” structure: Dummy S: it Real S: to generalize about the nature of Australian popular culture from them Example 17: Although, following his muchadmired Bertolt Brecht, Hibberd has frequently asserted his wish to appeal to a wide audience, his language is in fact not easily accessible; it is a unique mixture of the vernacular and the highly stylized, even baroque The sentence use a dummy subject “ It” yo mentions a subject in above sentence Dummy S: It Real S: His language 62 CHAPTER DIFFICULTIES AND SOLUTIONS 5.1 Difficulties This exam report has provided me with a fantastic opportunity to develop my knowledge and improve my translating skills during the course of my four years of education I studied a lot about translation in school and used it to this paper During the translation process, I had numerous issues, as is typical of students, and what I've learned is insufficient to cover all of the difficult words, phrases, and structures In addition to the benefits, the process of passing the graduation exam is fraught with challenges I understand the author's point of view, but I'm not sure how to convey it in Vietnamese To begin with, in addition to certain words with dictionary definitions, there are many words in the text that cannot be translated and have multiple meanings They aren't defined in the dictionary, so I have to make up my own definition based on the situation Furthermore, I struggle with idioms, which appear simple but are difficult to comprehend As a result, we will never be able to become competent translators unless we have a large vocabulary and a thorough knowledge of the meaning Morever, the format is the most crucial aspect of the graduation report We can see that English has a sophisticated syntactic structure It's a difficult thing to figure out During the study, I had to pick some challenging structures, translate, and examine the sentences as precisely as possible There are numerous compound sentences, complex sentences, and relative clauses with difficult structures in this report, making it tough for me to evaluate and comprehend As a result, careful analysis necessitates substantial information 63 In conclusion, vocabulary and organization are two variables that make it difficult for me to translate the author's objective effectively because there are many new words 5.2 Solutions As you know, there were numerous issues and challenges experienced during the translation process So, in order to simply address the problem, I have the following solutions to complete the report: Firstly, I believe it is critical to expand one's vocabulary, as it is critical in translating A word that has one or more meanings depending on the situation Furthermore, a dictionary is an essential instrument in the translation process To discover the best definition, I used several dictionaries, including Lac Viet, Institute of Linguistics English-Vietnamese Dictionary, Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary, Lingoes Essential Dictionary, and others It isn't always simple, though Many notions, idioms, polysemous words, and so on exist I had to read through a lot of different websites, then put them all together and figure out what they meant in the context of the sentence Secondly, we must read the text ahead of time in order to fully comprehend it We underline tough words or sentences that perplex us at the same time Then we went back over the highlighted words and phrases to see if we could figure out what they meant They use websites and collaborate with acquaintances who operate in the same field for the sake of ease If we are unsure of our work after finishing the translation, we shall seek assistance from the instructor She will assist us in identifying errors, analyzing complex structures, and determining the most appropriate interpretation 64 Thirdly, with challenging structures, we will identify the sentence's components and study it thoroughly If we come across structures that are challenging or confusing, we must examine our knowledge in order to better grasp and master them The analysis will become easier after we comprehend the structure and purpose of sentences Finally, we must have a clear grasp on the information in order to prevent making mistakes Furthermore, in order to perform the translation efficiently, we must have good psychology and health 65 CHAPTER CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTIONS 6.1 Conclusion In my perspective, translating entails not only looking up words in a dictionary, but also seeking for the author's whole meaning I realized I needed to work on my skills even more Furthermore, knowledge must be supplemented in order to prepare for future tasks Additionally, equip them with a big vocabulary, sound grammar, and the opportunity to improve their knowledge You can enhance your skills and learn more cultures by using this translation I gained a lot of important information for myself from the book that I translated Finally, translation is a vital topic since it allows students to develop their skills and grow as translators 6.2 Suggestions It is not enough to simply learn at school to become a good interpreter Literature, newspapers, periodicals, reports, and other items in both the source and target languages should be read by students Furthermore, you should learn to listen to many types of media on a daily basis, such as news, radio broadcasts, music, and so on Because the organization of the source and target languages differs, it is critical for students to have a good knowledge of both As a result, we must possess not just significant information and procedures, but also a thorough understanding of translation concepts I hope the curriculum of Duy Tan University will have some more subjects which are similar to PBL 496 (Project-Based Learning) so that students can practice many large projects This will help them gain experiences and confidence before beginning an important project as the graduation paper 66 REFERENCES BOOKS My Best Friend/ My Evil September, by Mary Blair, 2019 Entrepreneurship writen by michael laverty, chris little, jan 16, 2020 Theories of Translation, Peter Newmark, 1998 Culture and Customs of Australia" by Laurie Clancy, 2004 The Reconstruction of American Journalism by Leonard Downie, Jr Michael Schudson, 2009 DICTIONARIES Cambridge Dictionary Retrieved from https://dictionary.cambridge.org/ Oxford Leaner’s Dictionaries Retrieved from https://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/ The Free Dictionary Retrieved from https://www.thefreedictionary.com/ Slideplayer Retrieved from https:// Slideplayer.com WEBSITES 10 http://www.cscanada.org 11 https://community.antoree.com/article/tong-hop-65-cau-thanh-ngutieng-anh-thong-dung-trong-cuoc-song-26764b5a/?lang=vi-VN) 12 English Grammar Retrieved from https://www.englishgrammar.org/ 13 http://lythuyetdichanhuy.weebly.com 14 https://www.gingersoftware.com SUPERVISOR’S COMMENTS 67 ...ii DUY TAN UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF ENGLISH GRADUATION PAPER AN ANALYSIS OF THE SUGGESTED TRANSLATION OF CHAPTER FROM THE BOOK "CULTURE AND CUSTOMS OF AUSTRALIA" BY LAURIE CLANCY, 2004 Major:... Nguyen Hoang Nhat ii STATEMENT OF AUTHORSHIP As a result, I declare that my dissertation work, tiled ? ?An Analysis of the Suggested Translation of Chapter from the Book "Culture and Customs of Australia" ... in the book ? ?Chapter of Culture and Customs of Australia? ?? is written by Laurie Clancy It was published in 2004 1.4 Method of the Study In the transition from a source language to a target language,