Handbook of Applied Cryptography - chap14

... applications. The ef - ciency of a particular cryptographic scheme based on any one of these algebraic structures will dependonanumberoffactors, such as parametersize, time-memorytradeoffs,process- ing power ... integers can be rep- resented, and 0 has two representations. Table 14.1 illustrates the binary signed-magnitude representation of the integers in the range [7, −7]. Handbook of Applied Cryptography ... instruc- tion sets which provide an add-with-carry to facilitate multiple-precision addition. c 1997 by CRC Press, Inc. — See accompanying notice at front of chapter. § 14.2 Multiple-precision...

Handbook of Applied Cryptography - chap9

... problem of preserving the integrity of a potentially large message is thus reduced to that of a small ﬁxed-size hash- value. Since the existence of collisions is guaranteed in many-to-one mappings, ... security of a subset of the MDCs subsequently discussed in this section. Similar to the case of block ciphers for encryption (e.g. 8- or 1 2- round DES vs. 16-round DES), security of MDCs often comes ... decryption of y using k yields x. (However, a “black-box” which computes f(x, k) for ﬁxed, externally-unknown k is a one-way function of x.) In contrast, f(x, k) is a one-way function of k;giveny...

Handbook of Applied Cryptography - chap10

... attacks, 5 5 Both chosen-ciphertext and chosen-plaintext attacks are of concern for challenge-response techniques based on symmetric-key encryption. Handbook of Applied Cryptography by A. Menezes, ... entropy) Suppose passwords consist of strings of 7-bit ASCII char- acters. Each has a numeric value in the range 0-1 27. (When 8-bit characters are used, val- ues 12 8-2 55composethe extended character ... equally probable, then the entropy is maximal and equals the base-2 loga- rithm of the number of possible passwords. Handbook of Applied Cryptography by A. Menezes, P. van Oorschot and S. Vanstone....

Handbook of Applied Cryptography - chap11

... while digital signatures with appendix are applied to messages of arbitrary length. The one-way function h in Algorithm 11.5 is Handbook of Applied Cryptography by A. Menezes, P. van Oorschot ... ratio of the logarithm(base2) of the size of the signingspaceM S to the logarithm (base 2) of the size of M R , the image space of the redundancy function. Hence, the bandwidthefﬁciency is deter- ... digital signature mechanisms can be further subdivided into one-time signature schemes (§11.6) and multiple-use schemes. Handbook of Applied Cryptography by A. Menezes, P. van Oorschot and S. Vanstone....

Handbook of Applied Cryptography - chap12

... use of number of ↓ Protocol timestamps messages point-to-point key update none optional 1-3 Shamir’s no-key protocol none no 3 Kerberos KDC yes 4 Needham-Schroeder shared-key KDC no 5 Otway-Rees ... possibility of precomputation to reduce on-line computational complexity. 6. third party requirements. Considerations include (see §13.2.4): (a) requirement of an on-line (real-time), off-line, or ... message-independent protocols. 12.13 Remark (message-independentvs. non-interactive) Message-independent protocols incl- ude non-interactive protocols (zero-pass and one-pass protocols, i.e., those involving...

Handbook of Applied Cryptography - chap13

... protocol run (c) off-line on-line [optional] [optional] A A A in-line TTP TTP TTP off-line Figure 13.2: In-line, on-line, and off-line third parties. In-line third parties are of particular interest ... be an on-line third party, but the certiﬁcation authority is not. 13.4 Remark (pros and cons: in-line, on-line,off-line) Protocols with off-linethird parties usu- ally involve fewer real-time message ... problem, at the cost of the requirement of an on-line trusted server, and additional commu- nications with it. Public-key techniques offer an alternate solution. Point-to-point and centralized...

Handbook of Applied Cryptography - chap15

... non-repudiation of origin (denial of being the originator of a message), non-repudiation of delivery (denial of having received a mes- sage), and non-repudiation associated with the actions of ... authentica- tion of so-called accreditation information, authentication of messages, and the signing of messages. The central authentication protocol involves a commitment-challenge-response Handbook of ... draft 10118–4 includes MASH-1 and MASH-2 (see Algorithm 9.56). ISO/IEC 11770: This multi-part standard addresses generic key management and spe- Handbook of Applied Cryptography by A. Menezes,...

Handbook of Applied cryptography

... fac-tored is of a special form; these are called special-purpose factoring algorithms. The run-ning times of such algorithmstypically depend on certain properties of the factors of n. Ex-amples ... one having a worst-case running time of O(lg3n) bit operations, and a sec-ond having an average-case running time of O(lg2n) bit operations. A more recent algo-rithm of Bernstein [121] ... number of bits in the kthlargest prime fac-tor of a random m-bit number is asymptotically equivalent to the average length of the kthlongest cycle in a permutation on m objects.Floyd’s cycle-ﬁnding...

Tài liệu Handbook of Applied Cryptography docx

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Tài liệu Handbook of Applied Cryptography - chap1 ppt

... originator.1.8 Public-key cryptography The concept of public-key encryption is simple and elegant, but has far-reaching conse-quences.1.8.1 Public-key encryptionLet {Ee: e ∈K}be a set of encryption ... abstractconcepts of this section in mind as concrete methods are presented. Handbook of Applied Cryptography by A. Menezes, P. van Oorschot and S. Vanstone.10 Ch. 1 Overview of Cryptography 1.3.2 ... subset of C. Handbook of Applied Cryptography by A. Menezes, P. van Oorschot and S. Vanstone.12 Ch. 1 Overview of Cryptography • An encryption scheme consists of a set {Ee: e ∈K }of encryption transformationsand...

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