- Cdch thii ha: Phong phap thang thi&n l&n trcfi,
O Cam-pu-chia, nghi II kS't thiic V6-sa dien ra vao
ngay trang t r o n thang A-soc.
Cac t u si P h a t giao tap trung, tif giac giai bay sai pham cua ban than, neu cd, con cac phat tur t h i chu^n
bi db bid'u cho cac nha t u hanh cd tgn ghi trong vien bi ma ho da "b^t tham" diTcfc.
Ngoai t u n g k i n h c^u nguyen, cau chuyen t^n kifi'p
Ve-san-ta-ra ndi v"& diic hy sinh cao ca cua Phat hay
difcfc ki lai.
N6i bat trong boat ddng l i hoi la Loi Pra-tip. Ngifdi
ta lam m6 h i n h mot toa kien true, thudng la ngoi den,
doi k h i ra't Idn, difoc to di^'m nhieu nen, cd duoi nheo,- tren dinh cd mdt den long. Mo h i n h toa kien true ay duge dat tr&n cai be ghep bang than cay chudi.
K h i man d&m budng xudng, "tau" difoc chuyen tdi
bd sdng. Tr§n (tau), cd nhieu db dang ciing. NgiTdi ta
lam 11 cau nguygn. Con ngifdi bay to long tdn k i n h Idn lao dd'i vdi Tam Bao. Con ngifdi ciing ta l6i trifdc
Phat vi da v6 t i n h hay hiJu y pham t d i nhiJng ncfi t'^ng i n da'u btrdc chan huyen thoai cua Ngai. Theo t r i
t^ofng tugng cua cac phat tur, Phat da tijfng di tdi nhi^u
vung da't khac nhau va da d&' lai cac d^u chan l i n h thiSng t r e n mat da't. Con ngifcfi nhieu k h i vS t i n h gihm l§n hay c6 nhCfng hanh v i khong dep tren n h i l n g ndi l i n h thieng a:y. Do vay, con ngirdi can ta I6i. Nhan dip nay, con ngtfcfi con ta l6i t h ^ n Da't va t h ^ n Nifdc, cung vdi l y do tr§n.
"Tau" dUcfc ha thuy. M 6 t con thuyen trang hoang
dep de chd d^y cac nha sif keo "tau" ra giiJa dong song,
d i n dau ca m5t dam rxXdc dxXdi nUdc. T d i giOTa dong, "tau" ducfc t h a tr6i t u do. Giila t r d i nifdc, con tau, chd
dky cac do dang ciing, sang lung l i n h , d&y ve t r a n g
nghiem va huyfen ao.
Ngtfcfi ta t i n rkng, qua hanh v i ta l i do, moi l6i ram ma ho mSc phai se dtfcfc t h a t h i i .
Co nhieu huyen thoai dtfcfc cac phat tuf dtfa ra de giai t h i c h y nghia cua cac nghi 11 nay. Theo mot h u y i n thoai, t h i do la hanh dong danh t 6 n k i n h chiec rang thigng cua phat ma vua Na-ga t r 6 n g coi dudi day ntfdc. Huyl&n thoai khac lai noi rkng cac Na-ga da cau x i n Phat de l a i dau t i c h d dtfdi ntfdc de cho cac loai song trong nifdc t 6 n thd. N g h i 11 Loi Pra-tip d i l n ra, do vay, la danh tvfdng niem ngay ma diic Phat thuan long lam theo Idi c^u x i n t r e n .
Hoi dua thuyfen tren song
Vao ngay trSng t r o n t h a n g Ka-tic, d Cam-pu-chia, t r 6 n dong s6ng Me-c6ng hay T6ng-le Sap, d i l n ra soi ndi hoi dua thuyen.
356
Theo truy"gn thuyg't t h i h6i nay nhhm k y ni§m m6t
con tau dUcfc che tao cho Phat, va P h a t da lam ngtfng
lai nan han han hoanh hanh vtfcfng qu6'c Vai-sa-li (An
D6). Trong quan niem dan gian, h6i con la dip di con
ngtfdi bay to long biet cfn cua m i n h trifdc nhtfng a n hue khong bao gid can ma Da't va Nifdc da danh cho
ho.
Thuyfen dua la thuy"gn d6c mbc. Chung dtfcfc gitt
trong cac t u vien n^m doc dfii bd s6ng Me-c6ng va
song T6ng-le Sap. Suot nam ngtfdi ta de cho chung "ngu" yen. T d i hoi dua, chung mdi dtfcfc "danh tMc"
theo nghi I I .
Bu6i chieu hom trtfdc ngay dua, tai chua, nhieu ngtfdi
tu tap quanh thuyen de cau k h ^ n . Tr§n thuyen la
nhtfng do cung, cai mai cheo son vang cua doi trtfdng
dua thuyen dat phia trtfdc. Chi§'c 6 cMm d mui thuyen.
Dan nhieu ntfi t i n rSng, c6 m6t v i th'an bao h6 thuyen
va mang lai siJc khoe, su giau c6 cho con ngtfdi. Ngtfdi doi trtfdng t h i n h thoang vay ntfdc thieng, buoc cac scfi chi bong hay khSn vao c6 tay cac t h a n h vi&n cua nhom
dtia vdi mong tfdc thSng cuoc.
Sang ngay. hoi, ngtfdi ta dat len thuyen chiec mat
Idn dat vang, nhtm cho thuyen c6 cuoc song. Nhac
vang len. Va k h i nghe ba tieng thet Idn, nhifng tay
dua tap t r u n g doc man thuyen day thuyen xudng ntfdc. NhCfng cu6c dua td'c do d i l n ra trong ba budi chieu. Budi chieu cud'i cung ngtfdi ta giang mot scfi day ngang mat ntfdc. M o t vj ba-ku, sau k h i c^u k h ^ n than cua
cac con thuyen, tiS'n 16n, gia gufcfm cao, tdi chb sdi
day. 6 n g gia b6 k i n h hai ba I'Sn, rbi chat diit scfi day.
Lap txic, cac con thuyi§n tap t r u n g d phia thiTcfng lUU
cung lao ao ao xuong khoang nifdc phia trifdc scfi day vCfa bi chat. Dbng t h d i cac tay lai cheo het ra't to.
RiTcrc q u a l e n c h u a
Theo t r u y ^ n thd'ng, do la 11 dang ao difcfc to chiJc vao ngay t r a n g t r o n thang Ka-tic cf Cam-pu-chia.
Tic h6m trUdc, t r e n dUcfng lang da tifng bOfng m6t
dam dieu hanh vui nh6n cua cac phat tuf quanh m6t chiec cang^ dac biet. Tren cang, dat mot chiec tr6'ng
d i n h am. Ti§'ng nhac vui soi dong cu6'n h u t theo dam
rifdc n h i l n g t h a n h vien mdi. Va nhiJng ngifcfi qua lai, t u y tarn, dat vao trong cang, quanh cai tr6'ng, nhiJng db bieu khac nhau. Tdi m6t ncJi quy d i n h , dam rUdc dijfng lai sau k h i cSu nguyen, moi ngifdi vui ve mvia
hat. Ban d6m, c6 hiiu dien san kha'u.
Sang ngay hoi, moi ngtTcfi lai tap t r u n g de rifdc cang.
Chiec cang c6 banh Ian, c6 th§ do ngvfcfi, xe tham chi
6-t6 keo, t u y theo dieu ki§n du&ng sa va k i n h t&' cua dia phtfcfng. Cang dirac t r a n g hoang dep mat. Quanh
cang la dan nhac, cung dam d6ng dan chiing trong
nhiJng b6 qu^n ao nhieu mau, vdi nhiJng khuon mat
t r a n d&y han hoan. Nha'p nho t r ^ n dau ho la nhiJng
chiec 6. Tdi chua, dam rvTdc vong ba Ian phia ngoai.
D i n dau la d6i t r o n g say-am. T r o n g say-am c6 dang
m6t cai b i n h cd thu6n, dai, tang bang g6, mat bang
da tran, g i n nhOtng manh vai mau sinh d6ng. Deo quai tr6'ng cheo vai, dung ban tay dap l§n mat trd'ng, cac nghfi SI vijfa ca't tieng hat vui ve vOfa n h i i n nhay nhe nhang, ng6 n g h i n h .
Ng6i chua chon lam l i dtfcfc trang t r i khac vdi thiTcfng ngay. Cac nha sir ngbi trifdc db dang tang. M6t vi tien
hanh kiim t r a ky xem cac db dang tang, nha't la ao,
CO phu hap vdi quy d i n h hay kh6ng. Kg' do, vj dai di§n cho dan chiing c h i n h thiJc trao tang qua cho cac sir. Dap lai, cac sir doc k i n h c^u nguy§n dbng thdi n h i c dan chiing giiJ gin gidi luat.
TiTdng truyen, tCf thbi ky P h a t con tai thg', sau thdi
ky an ctf kig't ha, cac sir ti§'p tuc lang thang t r e n cac
con dudng Tay loi vi nhCtng can mUa cubi mua de khat thiTc va thuyet phap. Qubn ao ciia ho, vi th§', la'm, iTdt. Do do, P h a t cho phep ho dUcrc nhan th§m ao quan ciia
ngirbi the tuc. Tuc Ig dang ao hAt dAu tOf do va ducfc
duy t r i d nhieu niTdc D6ng Nam A theo P h a t giao. Tuy nhien, t r o n g le hoi, ngoai ao, cac phat tuf khap
ncfi con bieu cac nha sU them nhieu t h i i khac, nhiT bat khat thiTc, man chbng mu6i, db an, cung nhibu
dung cu lao dong va sinh hoat c'an t h i e t cho cu6c song
t u vien.
Va, sau k h i dang ao - tham chi, ca trirdc do - kh6ng khi hoi tiTng bCfng t r a n dang khap ncfi vdi n h i i n g tro
chcJi, nhiJng dieu miia, Icfi ca, n h i l n g cu6c t r i n h dien
san kha'u... Lam xong mdt dibu thi&n, phat tuT vui vi
cd them c6ng d\ic.
Ra khoi mua V6-sa vdi nhiJng ccfn mifa cung nhi^u di^u ki§ng k i , con ngifcfi lai t r d ve vdi ban t i n h hbn nhien vui ve mu6n thud cua minh.
Loi Kra-tKong
Vao thang mifdi m6t, cac ph^t tur Thai Lan tiSn hanh h6i Loi Kra-thbng. Tuy theo t r i tiftfng tUcfng d&y sang tao va mu6n ve cua ngUcfi dan, nhiJng be luTa
mang nhieu h i n h dang khac nhau dxsac tha troi tren
cac dong s6ng, cac con kenh vao ban dem. Mdi d&u c6 le ngufdi ta chi lam cac be chuoi, tren do cd ngon luTa
va cac do dSng cung. V i loi c6 nghia la "trdi noi", con kra-thong chi cac manh be chubi. Ngay nay, ngUdi ta
tao ra n h i i n g con thuyen th^m chi "tau chi§'n", "thuy phi cd"... vdi cac kieu dang cUc ky da dang, rbi dat l§n mdt ngon den, c^y nen hay mot thiJ gi do cd mot ngon luTa sang, ben canh nhiing d6 dang cung. Dong song, sang giila trdi dem, tao ve dep ky ao. Cac t i n
do, nghi tdi nhvjtng loi Tam da difdc tha thxi ma tha'y
long thanh than. Con thanh nien nam n i l tre t r u n g
thi guri vao do nhiJng irdc ma, n h i i n g ky vong vH mdt
tifcfng lai huyen dieu sau nay.
Cac nha stf khong tham dxS hoi tha den tr&n song.
Cac den, chua bCfng sang len bdi hang trSm ngan ngon den long nhieu mau, va ram ran bdi tieng phao, tieng trdng, tieng nhac.
H6i d i l n r a su6't d&m vdi nhving dieu mua, Idi ca va nhving v d d i l n .
Tot Ka-thin
CJ Thai Lan, hdi l i dang qua cho sU goi la T6't K a - t h i n , dien ra vao cac ngay khac nhau tuy theo tOfng dia phifdng. Phat tuf lang nay cd the dang qua cho cac nha sU t u d chua lang khac, canh do. Le nay, d midn
b^c va ddng bSc goi la Tan ko-ay sa-lao, d mibn t r u n g
goi la Tan sa-ka-pa-tra, nghia la dang tSng qua. T i i k h i trdi vOfa sang, moi nha da chu^n bi s i n mdt
mam db an dac biet de bi§'u cac nha sd. Ho cung di
qua tang du loai - nhif xa phong, trau, thud'c, muQ'i, vd, tiii xach, that Ivfng, hoa qua... vao trong t h u n g duac t6 dig'm dep nhat. Gii3a t h u n g la mot "cay tien" x i n h
xinh. cay tien lam bang doan tre trau trubt, cd dinh
nhiJng dbng tien. TOrng dam dong vui ve bn a tdi chua. K h i cac nha sd an xong biJa sang, cac phat tuf tang cac nha sU nhiJng t h i i n g qua. Vj tang vien trifdng nhan qua rbi sau do phan phat cho cac nha sU, tieu... tuy theo nhu cau cua ho.
Cf mien bac Thai lan, vao dip nay, m5i ngifdi cd th&' tur m i n h dem ao hay thiJ gi do tang chua. Tuy nhien, phd bien hcfn, la cung chung tang. Thudng moi lang d^u gay mot quy chung do cac gia dinh dong gdp. Ngtrdi phu trach cbng viec ton giao cua lang t r i c h tien
tit quy di mua s I m ao va cac db sinh boat c^n thiet
tSng cac sd.
Cac c6ng sd cung thiTdng lap cac uy ban quyen gdp 361
tr§n mua qua tSng nha chua. Vao dip nay, vi§n chitc
thifcfng nghi vi§c.
T\X li§u l i c h siJ cho b i ^ ' t , n g a y t d t h d i k y
Su-kh6-thay-cach day ^ n m6t ngan n§m, nhiJng ngay
T6't K a - t h i n da dxxac tS cMc.
Scfn Pra-oe
Scm Pra-oe la h6i pho bien or vung d6ng bSc Thai Lan, nhSm tirdng n h d su ra doi cua Phat t r o n g kiep hoang tuT Ve-san-ta-ra, kiep lien trifdc kiep Phat l i c h
suT.
H6i cur hanh vao thang hai. Ngay t6 chdc hoi d moi
lang m 6 i khac. Thtfc/ng cac lang canh nhau kh6ng cung
mcr hoi mot ngay, nh§m tao nen khSng k h i "triy hoi"
dong vui.
T i n h doc dao cua Scfn Pra-oe la stf t r i i n g dien nhijfng t h i i trang phuc sSc s5, dep mat nha't cua ta't ca moi ngvTcfi.
T r u n g tarn cua boat dong hoi la dam rifdc voi trang. Voi lam bang k h u n g tre, phu vai trang - noi bat giiJa dam rvrdc dong vui hiJdng tdi mot k h u da't tilcfng doi t r o n g thoang. Tai day, moi ngvTcfi nghe cac nha svf ke nhiJng cau chuyen ve suf ra ddi cua Phat t r o n g kiep hoang tur Ve-san-ta-ra.
Vao ngay th\i hai cua hoi, cac nha sir t h i th6' tai
nang. De cuoc t h i them ph'an s6i n 6 i , ha'p dan, ngifcfi
ta mdi nhieu nha sif a cac chua lan can, dac bi&t la
cac vi n 6 i tieng ve tai ke chuyen, tdi cung tham du.
Cac sif, trirdc ddng dao qu^n chiing day ngifdng m6,
a n Ivfcft k i n h i l n g cau chuygn tien kiep Phat. V| nao hay, dxxac tan thvfdng va than phuc.
Cac cau chuy&n t i l n kiep Phat lu6n la nhCfng bai
hoc ve long nhan ai, dxic hy sinh cao ca cua Phat
t r o n g moi kiep s6'ng trUdc k h i ngai giac ng6. V i the,
viec k i chuyen tien kig'p Phat c6 tac dung giao due
sau s^c. Bo sung cho cac cau chuyen la n h i l n g biJc t r a n h m i n h hoa sinh dong.
Va, cung nhtf trong moi 11 hoi khac, vao ban dem, moi ngiT&i lai thirdng thiJc cac budi t r i n h dien san kha'u. Day cung la dip d l cac ngh& si bil'u d i i n t h i tho tai nang.
Ta-oa-den-tha
M 6 t s\i kign diTcfc chep trong cac sach thieng Phat
giao, dtfc/c moi phat tvjf My-an-ma biet t d i , la stf kien Phat, bang n h i l n g biTdc chan khong lb, di tdi tang t r d i , Ta-oa-den-tha tren ngon niii vu t r u My-in-mo de giang k i n h cho me la ba hoang hau May-a-, mot de-va ngtf hucrng hanh phiic tai tang trcfi nay. Tren dirdng di, Ngai nan nghi d mieu Ta-oa-ti, trong t u vien De-ta-un, va tijf day, bang ba birdc di ky dieu, Ngai len tdi tan t&ng trcJi Ta-oa-den-tha. Bi§'t t i n ngai tdi, ra't nhieu nat de-va, by-an-ma, a-ra-hat d cac cac tang trdi khac cung t u hoi de nghe ngai giang ve bdn phan lam con. K h i t r d ve, Phat lai theo mot con dvrdng khac. Phat di theo chiec thang long lay ghep bang n h i l n g thang
vang, bac, ngoc quy. Phat n M n l l cua dSn chung vao ngay trSng t r o n cua t h a n g Tha-din-gi-ut.
Txxdng nh d sii kien trdn , vao t h a n g Ta-doong-mon, cac p h a t t i l M y - a n - m a l o n g t r o n g cd h a n h h 6 i
Ta-oa-den-tha.
Ngvf&i ta d i i n lai chuyg'n di, qua t r i n h thuyet phap va chuy§'n v l cua Phat. M6t cai b& cao tdi hai miTcfi met diTcfc dxXng Ign. Tren be lai dxSng mot cai Pia-that, trang hoang ri^c rd, cao bay tang, cang len cao cang t h u nho lai. T i i chan len d i n h toa kien true, c6 bd t r i
dxXdng len cua Phat. DiTcfng xudng ciia Phat, ddi di&n
vdi dtr&ng len. Trong khong i t trUcfng hop, de gian don, ngiXbl ta lam chung dudng Ign va xuong.
H6i dien ra trong ba ngay. Cac nghi thiic tvfdng
niem d i i n ra vao ban dem. Vao quang 8 gid t6'i hom
dau tien, toan bo toa kien true vl dai c6 dUng cai Pia-that noi tren dirge thap sang rtfc rd. Moi ngudi
tap t r u n g quanh thap. Mot hxic tifOng Phat ngbi dat
t r o n g m6t c6 xe nho. Co xe dvfcfc keo d'an dan l§n tdi d i n h thap. De moi ngtfcfi c6 thdi gian quan sat, chiem ngifdng, tirdng nhd, ngifdi ta co t i n h keo c6 xe that cham. Quanh biJc ttfong Phat, trong xe con c6 tiTcfng ra't nhieu vj than l i n h t r e n trai dat vdi do trang phuc gidng nhvf cac vj qudc vifong, cac than tren cac tang t r d i cao hon, cac nha qui toe tay cam nhtlng chie'c
quat con c6ng, cac nat de-va... bCfng sang trong sAc cku vbng vdi n h i i n g chie'c canh dep x i n h moc ra tOf
canh tay, tOf dui cac by-an-ma... Trong liic co xe dvfcfc keo len, mot ngirdi ca't len tieng hat, luc tr&m luc
bdng. Xe tdi t^ng t r d i Ta-oa-d§n-tha, ngifcfi ta cho xe dOfng lai. Theo huyen thoai, tai day Phat thuyS't phap. Va buoi thuyet phap cung dUcfc d i i n lai. Mot giong noi cat len: "Ta la Sra-ma-na vi dai, hung manh nhat trong moi chung sinh, th^y cua Niet ban, ciia Luat. Ta hoan toan hung manh. BSng thuyet phap, ta co the
dhn dAt chung sinh vao con dvfdng giai thoat. Ta biet
ta't thay. Ta t h ^ n g moi due vong. Vdi ta't ca nhiJng
thxi do, ta CO the t r a Jan c6ng cfn cua me..."
C6 xe diioc de' lai tren t^ng t r d i Ta-oa-den-tha cho tdi tdi hdm thu" hai, k h i ma, co dong du moi ngifdi
tham d\l, ngirdi ta to chiJc keo xe xudng trong mot
nghi thiic long t r o n g va cham r a i .
Sudt hai ngay, cac thien nam t i n n t l dang tang nhieu qua cho cac nha sif. NgiTdi ta to chdc rifdc qua quanh toa kidn triic, theo cac con diTdng ngo^n ngoeo rbi hifdng tdi t u vien trong khdng k h i han hoan, vui nh6n va sao cho co nhieu ngifdi chifng kien nha't. Do cung tien chu yeu la cac toa kien true khdng Id. Noi "khdng Id", vi c6 toa cao tdi tren 15m. Do la tLfdng trifng cho fang t r d i Ta-oa-den-tha, va tiTcfng tuf n h u cai