b a n lenh bat B p h a i bbi t h i r d n g . Rbi s a u dd D lai an n a m v d i E n a o dd m a k h o n g diTcfc B h a y C c h o p h e p v a cd t h a i v d i E, v a s a u dd l a i bi c h e t k h i s i n h c o n .
Nhvf vay l a m o t m d n n o ( h p u n g - l a t k h a ) da xua't h i e n .
Neu B doi h i r d n g h p a - g a t h i cac xa-lang c u n g k h o n g
c h o p h e p , bdi v i a n h ta la ngirdi k e m tiT e a c h . Quyen
a'y dirge chuyen c h o me cua B h a y c h o C h o a c m o t
ngirdi b a e o n t h a n thuoc e u a B h a y C.
T o i h i e p d a m .?;«:^ Cirdng hiep m o t cb gai chira chbng, tbi khdng nghi&m
trong bang cirdng hiep m o t p h u nH d a cd chbng, ngoai
trijf trirdng h g p bb dirgng eirdng hiep eon gai rieng c u a vg. Ke ciTdng hiep eb gai chifa chbng, phai bbi thirdng
Cxidng hiSp m6t ph u niJ da c6 chbng, la m^c t6i
Idn. Ke hiSp dam bi bat (Khi dang hanh stf hoSc sau
k h i hanh stf xong) se c6 thi hi chbng cua ngtfcfi phu
nOf bj lam nhuc hoSc nhCtng ngifcfi than thiet cua ngifcfi chbng gig't chet. Neu ho tha gig't h^n, t h i h^n phai
bbi thtfcfng sb tibn cua ra't Idn.
Nhu'ng d|ic q u y e n d^c lori c u a t h u l i n h
Ta't ca da't dai trong vung do t h u l l n h cai quan dieu
thuoc ve t h u l i n h . T h u l i n h phan chia da't t r b n g t r o t cho cac th'^n dan cua m i n h .
Cam moi than dan ban da't cua t h i i l i n h m i n h . Trong pham vi lanh dja thubc quyen, v i t h i i l i n h
dxxac huofng nhieu quyen Icri dac biet. Sau k h i hien te
nai, moi ngifcfi phai mang dui nai bieu t h u l i n h . San dtfcfc thii, phai bieu t h u iTnh dui t h i i . N§'u t h u l i n h cf xa ncfi hien te hay ncfi san t h i i , t h i phai quay dui t h u
rbi gu:i bieu. Vao thdi vu gieo trbng hay t h u hai, t h u
iTnh CO thi den ba't ky nha ngiTdi dan thubc quyen nao de yeu cau lam giiip. Dan trong bo lac cd nghia
vu giiip t h u l i n h xay difng nha mdi, hay sufa ddi nha v.v...
A i trong b6 lac khong guTi diji nai bieu t h u l i n h , se phai phat: 1 cai chieng, 1 cai men chan, 1 con trau, 1 cai giao, 1 con dao.
Tuy nhi&n, khdng phai moi t h u l i n h deu difdc bi§'u dui nai. T h u l i n h difdc hifdng dui nai, difdc goi la ma-gi.
NhiJng ngifdi t r o n g bb lac chi difac d j n h cif sinh
sb'ng trong m6t vung va lAp n6n hang ri§ng k h i difcfc t h i i l i n h cho phep. Trvfdc k h i dtfcfc cho phep, phai
dang l i vat cho t h u l i n h . Sb liTcfng l i vat cu thi do
hai ben cung thoa thuan. M6t cube hien te th'an lang cung c^n phai dtfgc td chiJc. Sau k h i h i n h t h a n h lang mdi, ma t h u l i n h chifa difgc big'u l i vat, se khong difcfc
phep difng b$ t h d hiS'n te cua lang. ,
V i e c ke thufa d i a v i t h u l i n h
Ta't ca con trai t h u l i n h dbu difdc quy"&n ke thiifa dia vi ciia cha, cho du cha ho cd la'y vcf la thucfng dan. Tuy nhien, con gai t h u l i n h la'y chbng la dan thifdng, t h i con cua vcf chbng ho chi la dan thiTdng. Con gai t h u l i n h nay lay con trai t h u l i n h khac t h i con cua ho se difcfc quyen thiia ke dia v i .
Dd t r a n h nhiJng hau qua xa'u ve dbng gid'ng, cac t h u l i n h ga con trai con gai cho nhau. Trong quan he
hbn nhan nay, gia d i n h cd con gai difcfc goi la may-u, gia dinh cd con trai difcfc goi la da-ma. Cd the pha vd
luat d i n h tren, nhifng c^n difcfc sif dbng y cua ben kia sau k h i da thifa chuyen va tang qua, de t r a n h gay nen mot mdn ncf do ben kia bat binh vi bi lam nhuc.
T h u l i n h la ngifdi ducfc sinh ra tiif dong ddi t h u l i n h , chiJ khong phai difcfc tao lap ra. Ngifdi dan thifdng hay con hoang khong difdc quyen t r d t h a n h t h u l i n h . Tuy nhien, cung cd nhu'ng trifdng hdp dac biet lien quan tdi va'n de nay. V i du:
- A la con trai cua t h u l i n h C va ba vcf D. C va D
da t r d t h a n h vcf chbng thong qua nghi l i cifdi chinh
thiJc. B la con trai cua C va ba vcf E. Nhvfng, nfeu quan h& giiTa C va E khdng t h d n g qua nghi l i cUdi c h i n h thvCc, t h i B bi coi la con hoang. K h i C chet, A
thay b6' lam t h u l i n h . NhUng A c6 the tri§u tap cac ngtfdi gia cung dSn chiing, t6 chiJc hi§'n t§' m6t con trSu va n^ng B l&n vi tri t h u l i n h bkng each thay d6i
cai ten thifdng dan cua B.
- A la vcf gda cua m6t t h u l i n h , t^ng t i u vdi m6t ngUc;i dan 6ng Gu6'c-kha. Chuyen nay khig'n gia d i n h
t h u l i n h va cac xa-lang bi xiic pham. Bi "che di noi
nhuc" nay, t h i m6t con tr ^ u phai diTcfc hien tg", va t6n
dia vi ngifcfi dan 6ng Gu6'c-kha kia l§n. Tuy nhi§n,
ngifcfi dan ong a'y kh6ng c6 quyen hanh thuc tg".
Mot cSp va chbng kh6ng c6 con, c6 the nhSn con nu6i. Bxia con nu6i dxSac dat lai ten va ho. Con nuoi
Cling dvTcfc htfcrng moi quy§n Icfi nhvf con de, ngoai trCf
mot dieu la doi vdi m6t gia d i n h t h u linh, con nu6i se khong difcfc thOfa hvrcrng dia v i .
T r a c h n h i e m c u a ngtfcfi c h u doi vdi ngiTcri l a m thue
Ngtrdi chu cd trach nhiem phap ly. Neu ngifcfi lam thue bdng dtmg chet t h i ngufcfi chu phai chon cat va chiu mot con vat d§ hien sinh, mdt cai chieng, mot manh vai diang trong cac nghi thdc tang l i . Neu ngiTcri
lam thug gap tai nan, ngirdi chu phai bbi thifcfng, qua
sU dan xg'p cua nhiJng ngiTcfi gia. Neu ngifcfi lam thug bi chg't trong k h i lam viec cho chu, chu phai bbi thvfcfng
cho n h i l n g ngirdi than cua ngUcfi lam thug. Mii'c dp bbi
thi/cfng, do n h i l n g ngUcfi gia dan xg'p, nhiAig bao gicf cung nhi'gu hcfn so vdi trtf&ng hcfp bi tai nan. Neu ngirdi lam thug bj sat hai, ngiTdi chii di t i m va t r i i n g phat ke sat nhan. Ke sat nhan phai bbi thu:dng cho n h i l n g ngirdi than cua ngifdi bi chg't. Ng'u khdng t i m ra difpc ke sat nhan, t h i ngtfcfi than ciia ngiTdi bi chg't dvTtfc bbi thifdng, i t hay nhibu tuy theo quyg't d i n h cua cac ngtfdi gia.
T r a c h n h i e m c u a c h u n h a doi vdi h a n h vi, tu* e a c h c u a k h a c h
Chu nha chiu t r a c h nhiem dd'i vdi hanh vi, ttf each ciia khach, ng'u chu nha khdng chi ra dxxgc kha nang pham tpi ciia ngirdi khach dd cho ngiTdi bi hai. Dibu
nay cd thi xay ra, vi du, mdt ngifdi khach la, pham
tbi ngoai t i n h hoac ciTdng dam, rbi tro'n thoat.
Co the durgfc XTJ* q u a thu" toi
Bat ky s\X bat dbng nao, bat ky vu kien cao nao,
dfeu cd the difpc pKan xur thong qua thuf tpi. Bgn thua trong cudc thilf tdi se la bgn thua trong vu kien.
DiTofc thue ke bao t h u
K h i mot ngLfdi quyg't d i n h giet ke nao dd de bao t h u t h i can hoi y kig'n mot thay tg'. Thay tg' se xac d j n h ngirdi t h i c h hcfp nha't trong viec t h i hanh vu gie't ngirdi bao t h u . Ngirdi dircfc thug khong chju mpi trach nhiem dd'i vdi vu gig't ngiTdi cua m i n h .
Cirdng bii-c t h i h a n h l u a t
Viec cirdng bite t h i hanh luat dtrpc ap dung trong cac trirdng hpp:
- Kh6ng tufin theo quy§'t d i n h cua c a c xa-lSng tham gia phan xijr vu a n .