... well-established knowledge of the electrical and optical properties of GaSe thin films, in this paper, we report the results on electrical and optical measurements of amorphous thin films of GaSe nanorods ... diameter of the nanorods varies from 140 to 180 nm, and the length is of several hundreds of nanometers Figure presents the temperature dependence of the dc conductivity ofthin films of a- GaxSe100-x ... system, the value of pre-exponential factor (r0) is of the order of 101 X-1 cm-1 On the basis of this value of r0, it is suggested that the conduction is taking place in the band tails of localized...
... stability, formation, and solid-state reactions in thinfilms Much of this chapter is a condensed adaptation of standard treatments of bulk materials, but it is equally applicable to thinfilms Nevertheless, ... interdiffusion and reactions, metallurgical and protective coatings, and surface modification The field is evolving so rapidly that even the classics of yesteryear, e.g., Maissel and Glang, Handbook ofThin ... Technology (1970) and Chopra, Thin Film Phenomena (1969), as well as more recent books on thin films, e.g., Pulker, Coatings on Glass (1984), and Eckertova, Physics ofThinFilms (1986), make...
... stability, formation, and solid-state reactions in thinfilms Much of this chapter is a condensed adaptation of standard treatments of bulk materials, but it is equally applicable to thinfilms Nevertheless, ... interdiffusion and reactions, metallurgical and protective coatings, and surface modification The field is evolving so rapidly that even the classics of yesteryear, e.g., Maissel and Glang, Handbook ofThin ... Technology (1970) and Chopra, Thin Film Phenomena (1969), as well as more recent books on thin films, e.g., Pulker, Coatings on Glass (1984), and Eckertova, Physics ofThinFilms (1986), make...
... stability, formation, and solid-state reactions in thinfilms Much of this chapter is a condensed adaptation of standard treatments of bulk materials, but it is equally applicable to thinfilms Nevertheless, ... interdiffusion and reactions, metallurgical and protective coatings, and surface modification The field is evolving so rapidly that even the classics of yesteryear, e.g., Maissel and Glang, Handbook ofThin ... Technology (1970) and Chopra, Thin Film Phenomena (1969), as well as more recent books on thin films, e.g., Pulker, Coatings on Glass (1984), and Eckertova, Physics ofThinFilms (1986), make...
... stability, formation, and solid-state reactions in thinfilms Much of this chapter is a condensed adaptation of standard treatments of bulk materials, but it is equally applicable to thinfilms Nevertheless, ... interdiffusion and reactions, metallurgical and protective coatings, and surface modification The field is evolving so rapidly that even the classics of yesteryear, e.g., Maissel and Glang, Handbook ofThin ... Technology (1970) and Chopra, Thin Film Phenomena (1969), as well as more recent books on thin films, e.g., Pulker, Coatings on Glass (1984), and Eckertova, Physics ofThinFilms (1986), make...
... Science and Technology Virtually all thin- film depositionand processing methods as well as techniques employed to characterize and measure the properties offilms require a vacuum or some sort of ... chemical vapor depositionof Si from chlorinated silanes at 1200 “C will yield single-crystal films, and amorphous films can be produced below 600 “C In between, polycrystalline Si filmsof varying ... deposited and the conditions of deposition, thinfilms possessing varying degrees of thermodynamic stability can be readily produced For example, single-crystal silicon is the most stable form of this...
... resistant A1 films, and epitaxial Si, GaAs, Gap, and InSb films deposited at low temperatures are some examples indicative of the excellent properties of ICB films Among the advantages of ICB deposition ... , , and SIN Among the reasons for the growing adoption of CVD methods is the ability to produce a large variety offilmsand coatings of metals, semiconductors, and 147 148 Chemical Vapor Deposition ... coating of potato chip bags with A1 films c Depositionof AI-Cu-Si thin- film interconnections for integrated circuits d Depositionof Ti0,-SO, multilayers on artificial gems to enhance color and...
... Coalescence and Depletion 5.5 Experimental Studies of Nucleation and Growth 5.6 Grain Structure ofFilmsand Coatings 5.7 Amorphous ThinFilms References 1-5 are recommended sources for much of the ... or grown by both PVD and CVD methods In a report compare the resultant structures stoichiometries and properties The Journal of Vacuum Science and Technology andThin Solid Films are good references ... through polymerization and incorporation of solids The lubrication of moving parts and hardware is thus hampered, and they tend to corrode and wear out more readily All of this is a small price...
... industry to monitor the in situ depositionand growth ofthinfilms on well-polished, reflecting substrates, such as Si and GaAs Because of its Characterization ofThinFilms 260 \ \ O Al DE LT * ... REFERENCES l.* Lewis and J C Anderson, Nucleation and Growth ofThin Films, B Academic Press, London (1978) 2.* R W Vook, Int Metals Rev 27, 209 (1982) 3.* C A Neugebauer, in Handbook of Thin- Film Technology, ... Amorphous thinfilmsof some of these alloys as well as other metal alloys 236 Film Formation and Structure and virtually all elemental and compound semiconductors, semimetals, oxides, and chalcogenide...
... high modulus of elasticity and high hardness enable Si wafers to withstand the rigors of handling and device processing Its great natural abundance, the ability to readily purify it and the fact ... alternately on for 0.5 and off for during the entire run Film thickness measurements showed that 1.80 pm of GaAs and 0.35 pm of AlAs were deposited a b c d What are the growth rates of GaAs and Al,G, -,As? ... Fundamentals of Diffusion films Aspects of both of these broad applications will be discussed in this chapter in a fundamental way within the context of the following subjects: 8.2 Fundamentals of Diffusion...
... in the handling ofthinfilms has posed a great experimental challenge and stimulus to the ingenuity of investigators Detachment offilms from substrates andmethods for gripping and aligning them, ... S Ho, and K N Tu, eds., Low Temperature Diffusion and Applications to Thin Films, Elsevier, Lausanne (1975); also Thin Solid Films 25 (1975) J M Poate, K N Tu, and J W Mayer, eds., Thin Films- Znterdiffusion ... probable nature of the compound-substrate interface The thermal stability of a thin- film superlattice consisting of an alternating stack of 100-A-thick layers of epitaxial GaAs and AlAs is of concern...
... band diagrams and concepts This chapter focuses primarily on the electrical conduction properties ofthin metal, insulating, and superconducting films Almost half of the classic Handbook ofThin ... studies on the resistivity ofthin metal films from which useful values of p o & (or pf and P ) may be deduced” (Ref 462 Electrical and Magnetic Properties ofThinFilms 9) Among the reasons ... INTRODUCTIONTO ELECTRICAL PROPERTIES OF THINFILMS 10.1 l General Considerations Electrical properties ofthinfilms have long been of practical importance and theoretical interest The solid-state...
... optical films are the magnitudes of n and k, the spectral range of transmission, the dependence of properties on film structure anddeposition 518 Optical Propertiesof ThinFilms processes, and environmental ... properties and applications of metal and dielectric thinfilms 11.2 PROPERTIES OPTICAL OF FILM MATERIALS 11.2.1 General Considerations In order to understand the optical behavior offilmsand film ... 38 Electrical and Magnetic Properties ofThinFilms M H Francombe and R W Hoffman, Academic Press, New York (1975) J G Simmons, in Handbook ofThin Film Technology, eds L I Maissel and R Glang,...
... made in our basic understanding of the deposition processes and the development of improved coating anddeposition techniques The commercial availability of the necessary deposition chambers or ... examples Narrow bandpass or monochromatic filters Thin film coatings to achieve these ends consist ofthin metal films, dielectric films, multilayer metal and dielectric film combinations, and all dielectric ... only five layers? 544 Optical Properties ofThinFilms 11 The inner surface of an incandescent lamp bulb is coated with a thin- film sandwich consisting of ZnS (0.03 p m thick) Ag (0.02 pm thick)...
... Stecura, Thin Solid F l s 136, 241 (1986) 27 R A Miller and C C Berndt, Thin Solid Films 119, 195 (1984) 28 G Johner and K K Schweitzer, Thin Solid Films 119, 301 (1984) Modification of Surfaces and ... 23 H J Boving and H E Hintermann, Thin Solid Films 153, 253 (1987) 24 H E Hintermann, Thin Solid Films 84, 215 (1981) 25 S Mrowec and T Werber, Gas Corrosion of Metals U.S Dept of Commerce, NTIS ... Solid Films 153, 19 (1987) *Recommended texts or reviews 588 Melailurgicaland Protective Coatings * R F Bunshah and C Deshpandey, in Physics ofThin Films, Vol 13, eds M H Francombe and J L...
... depend on the method ofdepositionand on such variables as substrate temperature, deposition angle, and magnitude and orientation of applied magnetic fields Combinations ofdeposition variables ... better control ofdeposition processes, the expanded use of these films can certainly be anticipated 14.3 HIGHT, SUPERCONDUCTOR FILMSTHIN 14.3.1 lntroduction The unexpected discovery of high T superconductivity ... high-temperature depositionand processing of films, lithographic patterning of small features, and compatibility with other materials and device structures have served to hinder rapid development of microelectronic...
... dislocations Consider the web coating of a polymer film of thickness, d,, by a magnetic alloy of thickness, d,, in the manufacture of magnetic tape The alloy film is sputtered and the thermal power flux ... simply modeled by an infinite well potential The effective masses of conduction-band electrons and valence-band holes are 0.06moand 0.42m0, respectively a In order to tune operation to 1.0-eV radiation, ... Materials and Processes, ed R A Levy, Kluwer Academic, Dordrecht (1989) 4.* I Brodie and J A Muray, The Physics of Microfabrication, Plenum Press, New York (1982) J B Angell, S C Terry, and P W...
... This is certainly true of epitaxial films exhibiting island and S.K.growth and most of the films reported in the older literature However, some of today’s lattice-matched MBE films, grown under exacting ... separated and phosphorous doping profiles obtained as shown in Fig 6-26 Characterization ofThinFilms 300 Figure 6-26 SIMS depth profile of P implanted in Si obtained with Cs+ ions (Courtesy of H ... yield of early bipolar transistors was the result of incorporating the epi-Si deposition step The second type of epitaxy is known as heteroepitaxy and refers to filmsand substrates composed of...
... partisans of Hartley andof Reid, of Locke andof Kant, may meet and join hands Particular and detached opinions of all these thinkers will no doubt occasionally be controverted, since all of them ... names of things White, also, is a name of a thing, or rather of things Whiteness, again, is the name of a quality or attribute of those things Man is a name of many things; humanity is a name of ... VIII Of The Four MethodsOf Experimental Inquiry Chapter IX Miscellaneous Examples Of The Four Methods Chapter X Of Plurality Of Causes, AndOf The Intermixture Of Effects Chapter XI Of The...