... the margin of safety (for example, TD10/SD50 or TD 01/ SD100) depending on the circumstances of the substance’s use and the ease of identifying and monitoring either the sentinel ... of the sentinel dose–response curve (e.g., the SD100) and correspondingly lower percentile of the toxic dose–response curve (e.g., the TD10 or the TD 01) forces the margin of ... exposure guidelines 1. 3 THE IMPORTANCE OF DOSE AND THE DOSE–RESPONSE RELATIONSHIP 7 1. 3 THE IMPORTANCE OF. .. seriousness of the toxicity produced Changing the definition to include
Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 16:20
... mechanisms, and the action of gastrointestinal enzymes or intestinal microflora • Factors determining the rate of diffusion across the skin • Absorption of solid and liquid particulates and of gases and ... Whether the increased rate of bile flow will increase the rate of elimination of a compound that is both metabolized and excreted by the liver depends on whether the rate-limiting step is the ... circulate, and leave the body The sites of metabolism of the xenobiotic within the body The chemistry and enzymology of xenobiotic metabolism The bioactivation as well as inactivation of xenobiotics
Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 16:20
The principles of toxicology environmental and industrial applications 2nd edition phần 3 pps
... substances is reduced Often the skin of lab animals is covered with plastic wrap to enhance the hydration of the skin and increase the rate of uptake of agents applied to the surface of the skin For compounds ... Confinement of the lesion to a specific zone is thought to be a consequence of the mechanism of toxicity of these agents and the balance of activating and inactivating enzymes or cofactors Interestingly, ... injury Rather, the type of lesion or effect observed is dependent on the chemical involved, the dose, and the duration of exposure Some types of injury are the result of acute toxicity to the liver,
Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 16:20
The principles of toxicology environmental and industrial applications 2nd edition phần 4 ppsx
... released when these inhaled agents deposit in the lung, and these factors alert the phagocytic cells to the location of the agents The macrophages then engulf them and attempt to ingest them with ... extensive, from the severe rupturing of the septa walls Even short of cell death, these cells become less efficient in the removal of particulates and other toxins Therefore, the inhalation of toxic ... oviductal and uterine motility and immobilization of the cilia lining the oviduct The pertinence of these observations to human exposures and the observed effects of smoking are not clear However, the
Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 16:20
The principles of toxicology environmental and industrial applications 2nd edition phần 5 ppsx
... expense of limiting the interpretation of the data The Route of Administration and Vehicle Issues Because the route of administration of a compound may alter the metabolism and disposition of a ... Use of the MTD as currently defined The number of doses tested The relevance of findings in certain test species Route of exposure and vehicle Extent of the pathological examination These and ... proliferation of the bladder epithelium and ultimately the formation of bladder tumors Since none of these changes are produced at lower doses, there are clear thresholds for these carcinogens, and their
Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 16:20
The principles of toxicology environmental and industrial applications 2nd edition phần 6 pps
... the fundamental concepts of metal toxicity Because of the large number of metals, their ubiquitous nature, and their chemical and physical diversity, the field of metal toxicology is one of the ... shortening of the latency (time to tumor) or the number of tumors at an early age are used, rather than the final tumor incidence measured at the end of the animals’ lives The use of positive ... chemicals and agents The other event occurring about this time that has shaped our current view of occupational carcinogens was the emergence of the cancer bioassay The development and continued use of
Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 16:20
The principles of toxicology environmental and industrial applications 2nd edition phần 7 pptx
... susceptible to their toxic effects The most efficient route of exposure of these compounds is via ingestion This class of rodenticides works by depression of the vitamin K synthesis of the blood clotting ... 2,4-dinitrophenol The isomers often are kept as a mixture and are involved in the synthesis of dyestuffs, picric acid, picramic acid, as herbicides, and in the manufacture of the photographic ... compounds, and a detailed individual discussion for the hundreds or thousands of such agents is beyond the scope of this text However, the chapter provides information concerning the following areas of
Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 16:20
The principles of toxicology environmental and industrial applications 2nd edition phần 8 pot
... exposures rather than absorbed doses and provide no information regarding the absorbed dose of the chemical, the time course of the chemical in the body, or the concentration of the chemical in the target ... sources of chemical exposure and not just the source of exposure of immediate concern Consideration of the varying physicochemical properties of the chemical and how these may effect exposure and ... addition, that is, if they lie above and to the right of the dose-addition line, a synergistic effect can be inferred On the other hand, responses below the line and to the left indicate antagonism
Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 16:20
The principles of toxicology environmental and industrial applications 2nd edition phần 9 pdf
... container and then poured from the container into the backpacks; they had to handle the concentrate at each fill-up, and then had to pour the mix into the backpacks The equipment used at the three ... squeezing the trigger The spray pattern and size of the droplets is controlled by the tip inserted into the opening at the end of the applicator When the herbicide is released, some of it remains ... samples and then fitted to a pharmacokinetic model developed from the laboratory study The model estimate of dose and the sum of the amounts found in the urine samples were compared, and the higher
Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 16:20
The principles of toxicology environmental and industrial applications 2nd edition phần 10 pptx
... moving the wall fan to an area farther from the side door and closer to the spraying area, which would place the sprayer between the front door and the fan; closing off the lower part of the side ... number of variables, including the quantity of dry ice present, the temperature, the degree of outdoor air infiltration, the size of the room, and the length of time the meat packages are held before ... turbulence and reduce the capture efficiency of the hood Workers were instructed and required to wear synthetic rubber gloves to minimize hand contact with the styrene and reduce the need to
Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 16:20
The impacts of public investment and private investment on socio-economic issues in Nam Dinh province
... between the public investment and the current situation of economy, society and environment The paper focuses on evaluating the impact of the public investment and private investment in terms of economy ... line with the realities of the economy in the next period Hence, the paper assesses the impact of public investment and private investment on the economy and society of Nam Dinh province 189 ... system of indicators to evaluate the efficiency of state budget investment in terms of economic and social efficiency The research used the ICOR coefficient to evaluate the impact of capital investment
Ngày tải lên: 16/01/2020, 15:04
The State of Microfinance Investment 2012 MicroRate’s 7th Annual Survey and Analysis of MIVs potx
... /microfinance/ index.htm About the Grand-Duchy of Luxembourg The Grand-Duchy of Luxembourg was among the first countries in the EU to recognize the importance and the value of ... microfinance portfolios (0.4%). Investments and redemptions The biggest story for the MIVs in 2011 was on the investment side. Total redemptions set an industry record of $467 million, and the ... Laos, $6 Others, $4 Investment by Country, East Asia and the Pacific (2011, USD millions) THE STATE OF MICROFINANCE INVESTMENT 2012 MicroRate’s 7 th Annual Survey and Analysis of MIVs
Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 12:21
the principles of light and color by edwin d babbitt (1878)
... things in their basic principles resemble all other things, and we are safe in judging of the unknown by the known, of the invisible by the visible, and of the whole by a part. Great and important ... by light and shade; in the ÆTHERFORCE [...]... in the light and shade of their different parts In short, the earth and man the land, and sea, and sky—are rich and delightful ... ÆTHERFORCE THE PRINCIPLES OF LIGHT AND COLOR: INCLUDING AMONG OTHER THINGS THE HARMONIC LAWS OF THE UNIVERSE, THE ETHERIO-ATOMIC PHILOSOPHY OF FORCE, CHROMO CHEMISTRY, CHROMO THERA-
Ngày tải lên: 04/06/2014, 12:35
Báo cáo khoa học nông nghiệp " Introduction of the principles of GAP for citrus through implementation of citrus IPM using Farmer Field Schools - Milestone 9 Project Validation and Impact Assessment Report Part 1" ppt
... Farmers monitor the presence of pest and diseases and they are now confident in their ability to identify them. They also understand the importance of recognising the right stage of citrus development ... FFSs they monitor presence of pests and diseases because they are now confident in their ability to identify them (Table 2). Farmers also understand importance of recognising the right stage of ... Northern provinces stated that after participating in FFSs they can recognise major pest and diseases and they practice regular monitoring in their orchard (Table 3). They also understand the
Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 05:20
Waves principles of light electricity and magnetism secrets of the universe 6940
... the air, to make the beam of the flashlight visible Darken the room and shine the light onto the center of the mirror Notice that the beam of light bounces off the ... on the flashlight Place the mirror on a table Stand the folded piece of. .. the pencils a couple of inches apart Then tap the surface of the water with both of them at the ... The law of reflection says: The angle of incidence is equal to the angle of reflection The angle of incidence is the angle of the light shining onto the reflector The
Ngày tải lên: 18/03/2016, 01:09
Innovating The Management Of Construction Investment Projects Using State Budget At State- Owned Science And Technology Institutions
... majoring in in the field of economic management The purposes and tasks of the dissertation 2.1 Purposes of the dissertation :The thesis will examine the reality of Construction Investment in the organization ... Libary of Vietnam - The Library of the Graduate Academy of Social Sciences INTRODUCTION The urgency of the research Effective allocation of scarce resourcesin the management of public investment ... points: the nature of the management of construction investment projects using the state budget, difference between the cost and capital of construction investment - Practically, the thesis has
Ngày tải lên: 02/12/2016, 01:43
PHYSICS AND POLITICS OR THOUGHTS ON THE APPLICATION OF THE PRINCIPLES OF ''''NATURAL SELECTION'''' AND ''''INHERITANCE'''' TO POLITICAL SOCIETY pptx
... which the child in blood possesses of becoming one day the head of a family himself. The flocks and herds of the children are the flocks and herds of the father, and the possessions of the parent, ... gives the readers of the journal the sort of words and the sort of thoughts they are used to—so, on a larger scale, the writers of an age, without thinking of it, give to the readers of the age ... in the economy of the world. And no one can fully explain them. But one use they assuredly had: they fixed the yoke of custom thoroughly on mankind. They were the prime agents of the era. They...
Ngày tải lên: 06/03/2014, 13:20
The Classification of Pulmonary Tuberculosis and An Outline of Standardised Principles of Management pot
... the quantity and virulence of the bacilli and the higher the degree of hypresensitivity the larger and more destructive will the lesions be; while the various degree of natural and acquired ... or change the type of the disease, although they may modify its form and influence its extent and activity. The extent and activity of the lesions vary directly with three of the funda- ... ‘fibro-caseous’ and ‘fibrous’ disease respectively. The late results of collapse therapy and early results of chemotherapy contribut- ed new facts regarding the process of regression of the disease, and...
Ngày tải lên: 06/03/2014, 04:20
A SYSTEM OF LOGIC, RATIOCINATIVE AND INDUCTIVE, BEING A CONNECTED VIEW OF THE PRINCIPLES OF EVIDENCE, AND THE METHODS OF SCIENTIFIC INVESTIGATION pdf
... school in the categories of actio and passio; and the relation of such of them as are active, to their objects, and of such of them as are passive, to their causes, Chapter X. Of The Inverse ... the same way, or nearly the same way, in which they would have worked if they had been in possession of principles. But the bulk of mankind require either to understand the theory of what they ... it is situated at the mouth of the Dart. But it is no part of the signification of the word John, that the father of the person so called bore the same name; nor even of the word Dartmouth,...
Ngày tải lên: 06/03/2014, 13:20
Ergonomic Principles and Checklists for the Selection of Office Furniture and Equipment doc
... in these documents, and a number of decisions had to be made on the basis of experience of the members of the Ergonomics Unit and consultation with other ergonomists. The Australian Standard ... Furniture and equipment may be selected on the basis of user trials, but these procedures require the services of a representative group of users, the larger the size of the group the better. ... towards the front, the distance from the front edge should be measured at 150mm above the seat. 3.4 The safety dimension of the leg assembly is the shortest distance from the centre of the seat...
Ngày tải lên: 08/03/2014, 13:20
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