73 Bҧng 16: KӃt quҧ phân tích thӕng kê ҧQKKѭӣng cӫa loҥi enzyme thӫy phân lên CBC cӫa dӏch thӫ\SKkQSURWHLQÿҫu tôm.. 73 Bҧng 18: KӃt quҧ phân tích thӕng kê ҧQKKѭӣng cӫa nhiӋWÿӝ thӫy phân
Trang 1ĈҤ,+Ӑ&48Ӕ&*,$73+&0
75ѬӠ1*ĈҤ,+Ӑ&%È&+.+2$
-
75ѬѪ1*/Ç0,1+7Æ0
.+ҦO SÁT +2ҤT TÍNH LIÊN KӂT ĈӖ1*&ӪA
DӎCH T+ӪY PHÂN PROTEIN TӮ ĈҪ87Ð07+Ҿ&+Æ175Ҳ1*
Chuyên ngành: Công NghӋ Thӵc Phҭm
Mã Vӕ 8540101
L8ҰN VĂN THҤC 6Ƭ
TP+Ӗ CHÍ MINH, tháng 09 năm 2020
Trang 2CÔNG TRÌNH ĈѬӦ& HOÀN THÀNH TҤ, 75ѬӠNG ĈҤ, HӐ& BÁCH KHOA ± ĈҤ, +Ӑ& QUӔ& GIA TPHCM
Cán bӝ hѭӟng dүn khoa hӑc: TS Võ ĈuQK LӋ Tâm
Trang 3N+,ӊ0VӨ L8ҰN 9ĂN THҤC SƬ
+ӑ tên KӑF viên: 75ѬѪ1*/Ç0,1+7ÆM MSHV: 1870270
Ngày, tháng, QăP sinh: 30/01/1993 Nѫi sinh: TP.HCM
Chuyên ngành: CÔNG 1*+ӊ 7+Ӵ& PHҬM Mã Vӕ 8540101
I TÊN Ĉӄ TÀI: KKҧRViWKRҥWWtQKOLrQNӃWÿӗQJFӫDGӏFKWKӫ\SKkQSURWHLQWӯ ÿҫXW{PWKҿFKkQWUҳQJ
II 1+,ӊ0 9Ө VÀ 1Ӝ, DUNG:
.KҧRViWҧQKKѭӣQJFӫDÿLӅXNLӋQWKӫ\SKkQORҥLHQ]\PHS+QKLӋWÿӝWӹOӋ(6WKӡLgian) ÿӃQKRҥWWtQKOLrQNӃWÿӗQJ FӫDGӏFKWKӫ\phân protein ÿҫXW{PWKҿFKkQWUҳQJ
+ 7ӕL ѭu hóa ÿLӅX kLӋQ WKӫ\ phân ÿӇ thu QKұQ GӏFK thӫ\ phân có KRҥW tính liên kӃW ÿӗQJ cao QKҩW
;iFÿӏQKWKàQKSKҫQYjKjPOѭӧQJDFLGDPLQFӫDGӏFKWKӫ\SKkQ WӕLѭXKyD
+ KҧRViWÿӝEӅQFӫDKRҥWWtQKOLrQNӃWÿӗQJFӫDEӝWGӏFKWKӫ\SKkQWӕLѭXKyDGѭӟLҧQKhѭӣQJFӫDS+YjQKLӋWÿӝ
+ KҧR sát NKҧQăQJJLӳQѭӟFNKҧQăQJJLӳGҫXFӫD GӏFK thӫ\ phân protein WӕLѭXKyD
Wӯ ÿҫXW{P
7iFKSKkQÿRҥQGӏFKWKӫ\SKkQ[iFÿӏQKSKkQÿRҥQSHSWLGHFyKRҥWWtQKOLrQNӃWÿӗQJFDRQKҩW
III NGÀY GIAO NHIӊM 9Ө : 24/02/2020
IV NGÀY HOÀN THÀNH 1+,ӊ0 VӨ: 21/06/2020
Trang 4LӠI CҦM Ѫ1
Lӡi ÿҫX tiên tôi xin chân thành FҧP ѫn %ӝ môn Công ngKӋ thӵc SKҭm, Khoa ӻ WKXұW hóa KӑF TrѭӡQJĈҥL KӑF%iFK khoa 73+ӗ Chí Minh ÿmWҥR mӑL ÿLӅX kLӋQ WKXұQ lӧLÿӇ tôi hoàn thành WӕWF{QJWUuQKQJKLrQFӭXNKRDKӑFQj\
Xin chân thành FҧP ѫn các Quý 7Kҫ\ &{ FӫD %ӝ môn Công ngKӋ thӵc SKҭP ÿm WUX\ӅQÿҥW nhӳng kLӃQ thӭc Eә ích và gLҧL ÿiS nhӳng tKҳF mҳF trong VXӕW thӡi gian KӑF
ĈһF ELӋW tôi xin gӱi lӡi tri ân sâu VҳF ÿӃQ cô TS Võ ĈuQK LӋ Tâm ÿã giao cho tôi
ÿӅ tài này, FKӍ GүQ WұQ tình, ÿӏQK hѭӟng rõ ràng ÿӇ tìm ra phѭѫng pháp gLҧLTX\ӃW vҩQ ÿӅmӝt cách khoa KӑF vjKLӋX TXҧ nKҩW
Tôi xin chân thành FҧP ѫn F{1JX\rQFiQEӝTXҧQOê phòng thí nghiӋPÿm WҥRmӑL ÿLӅX kLӋQ vӅFѫ Vӣ vұW FKҩW trang WKLӃW EӏÿӇW{L FyWKӇ WLӃQ hành thí ngKLӋP OXұQ văQ
Bên cҥQK ÿó, tôi FNJQJ xin JӱLOӡLFҧPѫn ÿӃQcác anh chӏ, các EҥQ KӑF viên cao KӑF các em sinh viên ÿmgҳQ bó và giúp ÿӥ tôi UҩW QKLӅX trong quá trình thӵc KLӋQ OXұQ văQ này
/ӡLFXӕL cùng, tôi xin chân thành FҧP ѫn gia ÿuQK cùng EҥQ EqÿmKӛ trӧ, ÿӝQJYLrQ tLQKWKҫQ và bên FҥQK tôi nhӳng lúc khó NKăQ QKҩW
Kính chúc sӭc kKӓH ÿӃQ các quý WKҫ\ cô, gia ÿình vjEҥQ bè
Trân WUӑQJ cҧm ѫn!
Trang 5TÓM TҲT
7URQJQJKLrQFӭXQj\ ÿҫXWLrQ thành phҫn KyDKӑF cӫD ÿҫXW{PYj ҧQKKѭӣQJ FӫD ÿLӅX kiӋQ WKӫ\ phân gӗm loҥL enzyme, nhiӋWÿӝ pH, tӹ OӋ enzymHFѫFhҩW (E:S), thӡi gian thӫ\SKkQ ÿӃn KRҥWWtQKOLrQNӃWÿӗQJCBC) FӫD GӏFK WKӫ\ phân protein ÿҫXW{P ÿѭӧc ÿiQK giá 6DXÿy phѭѫng pháp bӅ mһW ÿiS ӭng (RSM) ÿѭӧFiSGөQJ ÿӇ WӕLѭXKyDquá trình thӫ\ phân ÿҫXW{P, thông qXDWӹOӋ(6YjWKӡLJLDQWKӫ\SKkQ QKҵPWKXQKұQGӏFKWKӫ\SKkQ có CBC cao nhҩW 'ӏFKWKӫ\SKkQFy&%&FDRQKҩWFNJQJÿѭӧF[iFÿӏQKPӭFÿӝWKӫ\SKkQWKjQKSKҫQKjPOѭӧQJDFLGDPLQ.ӃÿӃQ, các tính cKҩt chӭc QăQJ gӗm kKҧ Qăng giӳ nѭӟc (WHC), kKҧ Qăng giӳ dҫu 2+& YjÿӝEӅQ&%&GѭӟLҧQKKѭӣQJFӫDS+YjQKLӋWÿӝFӫDGӏFKWKӫ\SKkQÿѭӧFÿiQKJLi.1JRjLUDEӕQSKkQÿRҥQSHSWLGH±30 kDa, 3±10 kDa, 1±N'DYjN'DWKXQKұQWӯTXiWUuQKVLrXOӑFGӏFKWKӫ\SKkQFNJQJÿѭӧFNKҧRViW&%&
.ӃW TXҧ phân tích thành phҫQ hóa KӑF FӫD ÿҫXW{PFy hàm ҭm là 76,41±0,25%,hàm lѭӧQg protein 55,9±0,6%, hàm lѭӧng lipid 4,3 ± 0,2 %, hàm lѭӧng tro 23,1 ± 0,2 % WtQKWKHRFKҩWNK{ 6DXTXiWUuQKWӕLѭXKyD &%&FӫDGӏFK WKӫ\ phân protein ÿҫXW{PWKҿFKkQWUҳQJÿҥW FӵFÿҥLYӟL24,877r 1,273 mg Cu2+/ g protein WURQJÿLӅX kLӋQ thӫ\SKkQ Jӗm Flavourzyme enzyme, QKLӋW ÿӝ 500C, pH 7,5, tӹ OӋ E:S 80,22U/g protein và tKӡi gian thӫ\SKkQ 5,34 JLӡ '+FӫDGӏFKWKӫ\SKkQFy&%&FDRQKҩWWKXQKұQWӯTXiWUuQKWӕLѭXKyDÿҥW53,6r2,03% Glu, Lys, Asp, Pro, Gly OjFiFDFLGDPLQFKӫ\ӃXÿѭӧFWuPWKҩ\WURQJWKjQKSKҫQGӏFKWKӫ\SKkQ$FLGDPLQFҫQWKLӃWFKLӃPNKRҧQJWәQJOѭӧQJDFLGamin CBC FӫDEӝWGӏFKWKӫ\ phân duy trì WѭѫQJÿӕLәQÿӏQKӣNKRҧQJpH 1-4 (20,92 ± 21,6 mg Cu2+/ g protein)WăQJWURQJNKRҧQJ pH 5-9 (22,21 ± 25,28 mg Cu2+/ g protein) CBC FDRQKҩWӣS+7 YӟL25,28r0,34 mgCu2+ /g protein, JLҧPPҥQKӣpH 10 (19,99 mg
Cu2+/ g protein) Yj WKҩS QKҩW NKL S+ YӟL &%& Oj 16,22 r 0,42 mgCu2+ /g protein 1KLӋWÿӝo&WKӡLJLDQ[ӱOêQKLӋWNpRGjLÿӃQJLӡNK{QJWiFÿӝQJÿiQJNӇÿӃQ&%&, khi CBC YүQEҧRWRjQVRYӟLPүXNK{QJJLDQKLӋW:+&FӫDGӏFKWKӫ\SKkQÿҫXW{PÿҥWlà 4,127 r 0,002 POQѭӟFJ EӝWGӏFKWKӫ\SKkQYj2+&ÿҥW 4,54r POGҫXJEӝWGӏFKWKӫ\SKkQ Trong 4 SKkQÿRҥQSKkQÿoҥQ peptide <1kDa WKӇKLӋQ CBC cao nhҩWYӟL103,814 r 3,661 mg Cu2+/ g protein
Trang 6ABSTRACT
In this study, firstly, the chemical composition of shrimp head, effects of hydrolysis conditions including enzyme type, pH, temperature, enzyme:substrate (E:S) ratio and hydrolysis time on the CBC were evaluated Followingly, to optimize the hydrolysis, response surface method (RSM) was employed via E:S ratio and hydrolysis time for maximizing the CBC of the proteolysate Afterwards, degree of hydrolysis and amino acid composition of proteolysate with highest CBC were also investigated Then WHC, OHC and pH, thermal stability of CBC of whiteleg shrimp head proteolysate were assessed Subsequently, four peptide fractions of 10-30kDa, 3-10 kDa, 1-3 kDa, and <1 kDa were recovered from the proteolysate utilizing ultrafiltration and tested for CBC
The result showed that chemical composition of shrimp head involved 76.41±0.25% of moisture, 55.9±0,6% of protein, 4.3 ± 0.2 % of fat 23.1 ± 0.2 % of ash (on dry weight basis) Under the ideal hydrolysis using Flavourzyme, temperature of
500C, pH 7.5, E:S ratio 80.22U/g protein, hydrolysis time of 5.34h, CBC was 24.877r
1.273 mg Cu2+/ g protein The proteolysate had the indispensable amino acid content at approximately 39.27% and Glu, Lys, Asp, Pro, Gly were the prominent amino acid CBC remained relatively stable over the pH 1-4 (20.92 ± 21.6 mg Cu2+/ g protein), rose considerably between pH 5-9 (22.21 ± 25.28 mg Cu2+/ g protein) pH 7 marked the point
at which proteolysate exhibited highest CBC with 25.28r0.34 mgCu2+ /g protein There was a sharp fall in CBC from pH 10 (19.99 mg Cu2+/ g protein) and CBC was lowest at
pH 11 with 16.22 r 0.42 mgCu2+ /g protein Thermal processing at 100oC, 180 minutes had insignificant impact on CBC, as CBC of heated sample stilled retained 93% compared
to control sample WHC of proteolysate was 4.127 r 0.002 ml water/g solid proteolysate and OHC was 4.54r 0.006 ml oil/g solid proteolysate Besides, out of 4 fractions, the
<1kDa fraction displayed the highest CBC of 103.814 r 3.661 mgCu2+/ g protein
Trang 7LӠ,&$0Ĉ2$1
Tôi xin cam ÿRDQ ÿk\ là công trình nghiên Fӭu ÿӝF OұS FӫDriêng tôi Các sӕ OLӋX kӃW qXҧQrX trong luұQ văQ là trung tKӵc và cKѭa ÿѭӧc công bӕ trong các công trình khác Trong quá trình vLӃW bài, các tài liӋX tham khҧR liên quan ÿm ÿѭӧc trích dүQ nguӗQ Fө WKӇ
và rõ ràng theo ÿ~ng yêu cҫX NӃX kK{QJÿ~ng QKѭ ÿm nêu, tôi xin hoàn toàn chӏX trách nhiӋP YӅÿӅWjLFӫDPuQK
+ӑF viên thӵc hiӋQ OXұQ văQ
7UѭѫQJ/r0LQK7kP
Trang 8MӨC LӨC
/Ӡ, &Ҧ0 Ѫ1 i
7Ï07Ҳ7 ii
ABSTRACT iii
/Ӡ,&$0Ĉ2$1 iv
0Ө&/Ө& v
'$1+0Ө&&È&.é+,ӊ8&È&&+Ӳ9,ӂ77Ҳ7 ix
'$1+0Ө&%Ҧ1* x
'$1+0Ө&+Î1+ xii
ĈҺ79Ҩ1Ĉӄ xiii
&+ѬѪNG 1: TӘ1* QUAN 1
1.1 *LӟLWKLӋXYӅW{PWKҿFKkQWUҳQJ 1
1.1.1 7{PWKҿFKkQWUҳQJ 1
1.1.2 3KkQORҥL 2
1.1.3 ĈһFÿLӇPVLQKKӑFFӫDW{PWKҿFKkQWUҳQJ 2
1.1.4 7uQKKuQKQX{LFKӃELӃQW{PYj[ӱOêSKөSKҭPW{PWKҿFKkQWUҳQJWUrQWKӃJLӟL và WҥL9LӋW1DP 3
1.2 'ӏFKWKӫ\SKkQSURWHLQ 4
1.3 &iFSKѭѫQJSKiSWKӫ\SKkQSURWHLQ 4
1.3.1 7Kӫ\SKkQEҵQJWiFQKkQKyDKӑF 4
1.3.2 7Kӫ\SKkQEҵQJWiFQKkQKyDVLQK 5
1.4 +RҥWWtQKVLQKKӑFFӫDGӏFKWKӫ\SKkQSURWHLQ 6
1.4.1 +RҥWWtQKNKiQJR[\KyD 6
1.4.2 +RҥWWtQKNKiQJYLVLQKYұW 8
1.4.3 +RҥWWtQKOLrQNӃWNLPORҥL 9
1.4.3.1 3HSWLGHOLrQNӃWFDQFL 9
1.4.3.2 3HSWLGHOLrQNӃWVҳW 9
1.4.3.3 3HSWLGHOLrQNӃWNӁP 10
1.4.3.4 3HSWLGHOLrQNӃWÿӗQJ 10
1.4.4 HoҥWWtQKӭFFKӃFKX\ӇQÿәL$QJLRWHQVLQ-I 11
1.5 ӬQJGөQJGӏFKWKXӹSKkQSURWHLQWӯWKӫ\KҧLVҧQ 12
1.6 7KXQKұQSKkQÿRҥQSHSWLGHWӯGӏFKWKӫ\SKkQ 13
1.7 0ӭFÿӝWKӫ\SKkQ'+ 14
Trang 91.8 7әQJTXDQWuQKKuQKQJKLrQFӭXYӅ&%&YjWtQKFKҩWFKӭFQăQJFӫDGӏFKWKӫ\
pKkQSURWHLQWKӫ\KҧLVҧQ 15
1.8.1 +RҥWWtQKOLrQNӃWÿӗQJFӫDGӏFKWKӫ\SKkQSURWHLQ 15
1.8.2 0ӝWVӕWtQKFKҩWFKӭFQăQJFѫEҧQFӫDGӏFKWKӫ\SKkQ 15
1.8.3 7әQJTXDQYӅÿӝEӅQKRҥWWtQKFӫDSHSWLGHGӏFKWKӫ\SKkQ 16
1.8.4 .KҧQăQJKҩSWKXFӫDSHSWLGH 17
1.8.5 +RҥWÿӝQJSKiWWULӇQOLӋXSKiSWKXӕFÿLӅXWUӏEӋQKWӯSHSWLGH 17
&+ѬѪ1*1*8<Ç1/,ӊ89¬3+ѬѪ1*3+È3 20
2.1 1JX\rQOLӋX 20
2.1.1 3KөSKҭPÿҫXW{P 20
2.1.2 ChӃ phҭm enzyme và hóa chҩW 20
2.2 3KѭѫQJSKiSQJKLrQFӭX 21
2.2.1 6ѫÿӗQJKLrQFӭX 21
2.2.2 7KX\ӃWPLQKVѫÿӗQJKLrQFӭX 21
2.2.2.1 3KѭѫQJSKiS[iFÿӏQKWKjQKSKҫQKyDKӑFFӫDÿҫXW{P 21
2.2.2.1.1 Xác ÿӏnh protein tәng bҵng phѭѫng pháp Kjeldahl (AOAC, 2000) 21
2.2.2.1.2 ;iFÿӏQKKjPOѭӧng lipid bҵQJSKѭѫQJSKiS)ROFK)ROFKYjFӝng sӵ, 1957) 22 2.2.2.1.3 ;iFÿӏnh hàm ҭm (AOAC, 2000) 22
2.2.2.1.4 ;iFÿӏQKKjPOѭӧng tro (AOAC, 2000) 22
2.2.2.2 .KҧRViWÿLӅXNLӋQWKӫ\SKkQ 22
2.2.2.2.1 3KѭѫQJSKiS[iFÿӏnh hoҥWÿӝ chӃ phҭm enzyme (Anson, 1938) 22
2.2.2.2.2 3KѭѫQJSKiSWKӫy phân 23
2.2.2.2.3 Khҧo sát ҧQKKѭӣng cӫDÿLӅu kiӋn thӫ\SKkQÿӃn CBC cӫa dӏch thӫy phân 24 2.2.2.3 3KѭѫQJSKiSOӑFNKӱNKRiQJGӏFKWKӫ\SKkQ 24
2.2.2.4 3KѭѫQJSKiS[iFÿӏQK&%& 25
2.2.2.5 3KѭѫQJSKiS[iFÿӏQKKjPOѭӧQJSURWHLQKzDWDQ/RZU\YjFӝQJVӵ 25 2.2.2.6 3KѭѫQJSKiSWӕLѭXKyDÿLӅXNLӋQWKӫ\SKkQ 25
2.2.2.6.1 3KѭѫQJSKiSWӕLѭXKyDÿLӅu kiӋn thӫy phân 25
2.2.2.7 3KѭѫQJSKiS[iFÿӏQKPӭFÿӝWKӫ\SKkQ 26
2.2.2.8 3KѭѫQJSKiS[iFÿӏQKÿӝEӅQ&%&GѭӟLҧQKKѭӣQJFӫDS+YjQKLӋWÿӝ 26
2.2.2.9 3KѭѫQJSKiS[iFÿӏQKWtQKFKҩWFKӭFQăQJFӫDGӏFKWKӫ\SKkQ/LYjFӝQJ VӵYj3XWUDYjFӝQJVӵ 26
Trang 102.2.2.10 3KѭѫQJSKiSWKXQKұQSKkQÿRҥQSHSWLGHWӯGӏFKWKӫ\SKkQ 26
2.3 Phân tích thӕng kê 27
&+ѬѪ1*.ӂ748Ҧ9¬%¬1/8Ұ1 28
3.1 .ӃWTXҧNKҧRViWWKjQKSKҫQKyDKӑFFӫDÿҫXW{P 28
3.2 .ӃWTXҧNKҧRViWҧQKKѭӣQJFӫDÿLӅXNLӋQWKӫ\SKkQÿӃQ&%&FӫDGӏFKWKӫ\SKkQ SURWHLQÿҫXW{P 29
3.2.1 .ӃWTXҧNKҧRViWҧQKKѭӣQJFӫDORҥLHQ]\PHWKӫ\SKkQ 29
3.2.2 .ӃWTXҧNKҧRViWҧQKKѭӣQJFӫDS+ 30
3.2.3 .ӃWTXҧNKҧRViWҧQKKѭӣQJFӫDQKLӋWÿӝWKӫ\SKkQ 32
3.2.4 .ӃWTXҧNKҧRViWҧQKKѭӣQJFӫDWӹOӋ(6 33
3.2.5 .ӃWTXҧNKҧRViWҧQKKѭӣQJFӫDWKӡLJLDQWKӫ\SKkQ 34
3.3 7ӕLѭXKyDTXiWUuQKWKӫ\SKkQÿӇWKXQKұQGӏFKWKӫ\SKkQSURWHLQFy&%&FDR QKҩW 35 3.3.1 .ӃWTXҧ tӕi ѭu hóa yӃu Wӕ ҧnh hѭӣng ÿӃn CBC cӫa dӏFh thӫ\ phân proteiQÿҫX tôm 35 3.4 0ӭFÿӝWKӫ\SKkQ'+ FӫDGӏFKWKӫ\SKkQFy&%&FDRQKҩW 37
3.5 .ӃWTXҧWKjQKSKҫQDFLGDPLQWURQJGӏFKWKӫ\SKkQWӕLѭXKyD 38
3.6 ĈӝEӅQFӫDSHSWLGHFyKRҥWWtQKVLQKKӑF 40
3.6.1 .ӃWTXҧÿӝEӅQKRҥWWtQKOLrQNӃWÿӗQJFӫDGӏFKWKӫ\SKkQWKHRS+ 40
3.6.2 .ӃWTXҧÿӝEӅQKRҥWWtQKOLrQNӃWÿӗQJFӫDGӏFKWKӫ\SKkQÿӕLYӟLQKLӋWÿӝ 42
3.7 .ӃWTXҧ[iFÿӏQKNKҧQăQJJLӳDQѭӟF:+& YjNKҧQăQJJLӳGҫX2+& 43
3.8 .ӃWTXҧ[iFÿӏQK&%&FӫDFiFSKkQÿRҥQSHSWLGH 44
&+ѬѪ1*.ӂ7/8Ұ19¬.,ӂ11*+ӎ 47
4.1 .ӃWOXұQ 47
4.2 .LӃQQJKӏ 47
TÀI /,ӊ8 THAM +Ҧ2 49
3+Ө/Ө&$&È&3+ѬѪ1*3+È33+Æ17Ë&+ 61
1 Phѭѫng pháp xác ÿӏnh hàm lѭӧng protein (Phѭѫng pháp Kjeldahl) 61
(AOAC, 2000) 61
2 3KѭѫQJSKiS[iFÿӏQKKjPOѭӧQJOLSLG)ROFKYjFӝQJVӵ 62
3 3KѭѫQJSKiS[iFÿӏQKҭP$2$&