Unit 12 life on other planet

If we don’t take _______ care of planet Earth, it mightn’t be able to support human life someday.. But I believe scientists will invent a super spaceship space travel in the futurewhich

UNIT 12 LIFE ON OTHER PLANET A VOCABULARY No adventure Part of speech n adventurer Word Pronunciation Meaning /ədˈventʃər/ phiêu lưu n /ədˈventʃərər/ người phiêu lưu adventurous adj /ədˈventʃərəs/ (thích) mạo hiểm adventurously alien atmosphere agriculture adv n n n /ədˈventʃərəslɪ/ /ˈeɪliən/ /ˈætməsfɪər/ /ˈæɡrɪkʌltʃər/ cách mạo hiêm người ngồi hành tinh bầu khí nơng nghiệp agricultural accommodate adj n /ˈỉɡrɪkʌltʃərəl/ /əˈkɒmədeɪt/ (thuộc về) nơng nghiệp cung cấp chỗ ở, thích nghi accommodation ambition n n /əˌkɒməˈdeɪʃn/ /æmˈbɪʃn/ chỗ tham vọng, hồi bão ambitious control adj v /ỉmˈbɪʃəs/ /kənˈtrəʊl/ có tham vọng, hồi bão kiểm sốt controllable adj /kənˈtrəʊləbl/ kiêm sốt uncontrollable adj /ˌʌnkənˈtrəʊləbl/ khơng thể kiểm soát uncontrollably climate condition (be) close to connect to adv n n adj v /ˌʌnkənˈtrəʊləblɪ/ /'klaɪmət/ /kənˈdɪʃn/ /kləʊs tu:/ /kə'nekt tu:/ cách khơng thể kiểm sốt khí hậu điều kiện gần kề, gần với kết nối với 10 11 connection n /kə'nek ʃn/ kết nối 12 connected exist adj c /kə'nektɪd/ /ɪg'zɪst/ kết nối tồn existence fast-flying n /ɪg'zɪstəns/ /fɑːst 'ˈflaɪɪŋ tồn 13 14 15 16 17 messenger galaxy incident lightening lack n, phr n n n v ˈmesɪndʒər/ /ˈɡæləksi/ /'ɪnsɪdənt/ /' laɪtnɪŋ/ /læk/ người bay truyền tin nhanh ngân hà cố chóp thiếu 18 19 lack of language barrier misunderstand n n v /læk əv/ /ˈlæŋɡwɪdʒ ˈbæriər/ /ˌmɪsʌndərˈstænd/ thiếu rào cản ngơn ngữ hiểu nhầm n /ˌmɪsʌndərˈstỉndɪŋ/ 20 misunderstanding NASA = National hiểu nhầm Cơ quan Aeronautics Space n /'nỉssə/ Quản lý Khơng gian Administration 21 Hàng khơng Quốc gia name after oxygen tank replace v, phr n v replacement solar system Mercury Mars Venus Saturn 26 27 28 Neptune Jupiter space buggy space shuttle space suit surface signal terrorist 29 30 31 32 terrorism thunder trace time-consuming UFO – Unidentified 33 Flying Objects weigh 22 23 24 25 weight 34 /neɪm ˈæftər/ / ˈɒksɪdʒən tæŋk/ /r'ɪpleɪs/ đặt theo tên bình ơ-xy thay n n n n n n /rɪ'pleɪsmənt/ /ˈsəʊlə sɪstəm /ˈmɜːrkjəri/ /mɑːrz/ /'vi:nəs/ /'sætɜːn/ thay hệ Mặt trời Sao Thủy Sao Hỏa Sao Kim Sao Thổ n n n n n n n n /'neptju:n/ /ˈdʒuːpɪtər/ /speɪs ˈbʌɡɪ/ /speɪs ˈʃʌtl/ /speɪs su:t/ /’sɜːf ɪs/ /'sɪgnəl/ /' terərɪst/ Sao Hải Vương Sao Mộc xe thám hiểm không gian tàu thoi (tàu vũ trụ) đồ khơng gian bề mặt tín hiệu kẻ khủng /'terərɪzəm/ /ˈθʌndər/ʌndər/ /treɪs/ /ˈtaɪm kənsuːmɪŋ/ bố khủng bố sấm sét dấu vết tốn thời gian n /ˌjuː ef ˈəʊ/ vật thể bay không xác định v /weɪ/ cân n /weɪt/ cân nặng, trọng lượng n n n adj weightless adj /'weɪtləs/ không trọng lượng weightlessness witness n v, n /'weɪtləsnəs/ /'wɪtnəs/ không trọng lượng chứng kiến, nhân chứng B PRONOUNCIATION Intonation for making lists Intonation for lists goes up, up, and then down at the end of the sentence (Ngữ điệu câu liệt kê dùng liên từ “and” lên, lên, xuống giọng cuối câu.) E.g: I like Maths, English, and Music C GRAMMAR  Reported speech: Questions Cấu trúc câu gián tiếp câu hỏi Yes-No questions (Câu hỏi nghi vấn) “Vaux + S2 + V + O + C?” S1 asked asked S1 wanted to know If/ S2 V O whether (đổi ngôi) (lùi thời) (đổi ngôi) C (đổi wondered trạng ngữ) E.g She asked: “Willyou go camping tomorrow? "  She asked me ifI would go camping the following day *** Vaux: trợ động từ (be/do/have/can ) W-H questions (Câu hỏi thông tin) “W-H + Vaux + S2 + V + O + C?” S1 asked asked C S2 V O S1 wanted to know wh (đổi (đổi ngôi) (lùi thời) (đổi ngôi) wondered trạng ngữ) E.g She asked: “When will you go camping?”  She asked me when I would go camping Note - Không dùng say tell cho câu hỏi gián tiếp E.g She said to me when I would go camping (Incorrect)  She asked me when I would go camping (Correct) - Khi chuyển câu hỏi gián tiếp, bỏ trợ động từ do/does/did lùi thời động từ (Các trợ động từ khác phải đặt sau chủ ngữ lùi thời.) E.g She asked: “Do you like chocolate?”  She asked me if did I like chocolate (Incorrect)  She asked me if I liked chocolate (Correct) - Các quy tắc đổi ngôi, đổi trạng ngữ áp dụng tương tự giống câu kể - Các quy tắc đổi ngôi, đổi trạng ngữ áp dụng tương tự giống câu kể - Bắt buộc phải dùng If/whether để nối câu nghi vấn từ để hỏi W-H để nối câu hỏi thông tin Tip “Do / Does + S + V?” S + V-ed/P1 “Did + S + V?” S + had P2 “Is / Am / Are + S + C / V-ing?” “Was / Were + S + C / V-ing ?” S + was / were + C / V-ing S + had been + C / V-ing D PRACTICE A PHONETICS I Decide whether the sentences have falling tone (F) or rising tone (R) How big are the moons of Jupiter? ( _) The surface of Mars has many volcanoes ( _), canyons ( _), and craters Is Mercury the closest planet to the Sun? ( _) Who developed the nebular hypothesis? ( _) Is there life on other planets? ( _) What is the largest satellite of Uranus? ( _) Saturn is a gas giant just like Jupiter ( _), Neptune, and Uranus ( _) Do Kuiper belt and the scattered disc areas have dwarf planets? ( _) II Write F if the underlined words have falling tone, and write R if they have rising tone Nearest the Sun are four fairly small, rocky planets: Mercury, Venus ( _), Earth, and Mars Jupiter is made up of gas, and the other gas giants are Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune ( _) Early space probes designed to collect information about the sun were used in the 1950s, 60s, and 70s ( _) Seasonal meteorological phenomena may include clouds ( _), dust storms, and ice caps Galileo Galilei was the first person to see Jupiter’s moons Io, Europa, Ganymede ( _), and Callisto ( _) The last total solar eclipse occurred on Dec 26, 2019, and was visible from Saudi Arabia ( _), India, Sumatra, and Borneo ( _) The surface of Venus hosts thousands of volcanoes ( _), craters ( _), and mountain ranges Over time some of the leftover clumps became asteroids, comets ( _), and icy objects ( _) B VOCABULARY I Complete the sentences with the words in the box crater telescope liquid creatures gravity UFO galaxy ancient ocean rockets aliens We launch things into space by putting them on _ with enough fuel Does _ water really exist beneath the ice cap at the southern pole of Mars? Earth appears to be the only planet in the solar system with living _ The _ observes the universe in infrared light, which is invisible to the human eye _ is what holds the planets in orbit around the sun and what keeps the moon in orbit around Earth The discovery of _ could help scientists find out whether some form of life existed on Mars Some people think that _ exist in the Solar System and throughout the universe A _ is any object flying in the sky which cannot be identified by the person who sees it Our Sun is just one star among the hundreds of billions of stars in our Milky Way _ 10 The largest known impact _ in the Solar System is a huge unnamed scar on the surface of Mars, 10,600 km long by 8,500 km wide II Match the words with their definition Earth a It is the second planet from the Sun and the sixth-largest planet in the Solar Uranus Jupiter Neptune System b It is nicknamed the red planet because it is covered with rust-like dust c It is the fifth planet from the Sun and the biggest planet of our Solar System d It is the sixth planet from the Sun, with the largest planetary rings in the Solar Mars System e It is the seventh planet from the Sun and the third-largest planet in the Solar Saturn System f It is the farthest planet from the Sun at an average distance of 4.5 billion Venus kilometres g It is the closest planet to the Sun and also the smallest planet in the Solar Mercury System h It is the third planet from the Sun and the fifth largest planet in the Solar System Answer: 12345III Choose the best answer to complete the sentences 6- 7- In 1957 the Soviet Union launched the first satellite to _ the Earth A move B orbit C travel D fly If _ existed and were living out there, what types of signals would they send us? 8- A scientists B astronauts C aliens D explorers Researchers made the amazing findings of _ of water on Mars A footprints B trips C paths D traces We can only see _ in the sky at night because during the day the sunlight is so bright A the Earth B stars C aliens D UFO I think the availability of liquid water is the most important factor that makes a planet _ A habitable B unsuitable C dead D impossible The _ is the centre of the Solar System, making up around 99.86% of its mass A Earth B Sun C Moon D Mars A _ is an object in space that orbits or circles around a bigger object A comet B meteor C planet D satellite Astronauts can’t breathe in _ outer space, so they have to wear a spacesuit with an oxygen tank A weightless B thoughtless C powerless D airless Ail of the planets in our Solar System, except for _, were named after Greek and Roman gods A Neptune B Jupiter C Earth D Venus 10 If we don’t take _ care of planet Earth, it mightn’t be able to support human life someday A appropriate B essential C special D voluntary IV Supply the correct form of the word in brackets Is the asteroid 16 Psyche a target for mining? (promise) Lack of oxygen is the biggest reason why Mars would be an place for human beings (appropriate) Only planets within the liquid-water zone can support life on their surfaces (habitat) They chose two of their most astronauts for the latest mission to the International Space Station (experience) Scientists are searching a planet that can provide the humans with minimal and amenities (accommodate) Huge storms always occur on Jupiter; therefore, this planet is said to be a planet (storm) The word UFO is an abbreviation which comes from the initial letters of the words ‘flying object’ (identify) At the end of the film, David lost control of the spaceship and it started to spin (control) With help from advanced technology, could the moon develop and maintain a atmosphere? (breathe) 10 Within our own galaxy there are probably tens of thousands of systems (planet) C GRAMMAR I Choose the correct answer The teacher asked the students, “What (is astronomy/ astronomy is)?” Kelvin asked his father, “Who (did name/ named) the planets?” He wanted to know why (do planets revolve/ planets revolve) around the sun “What (is the sun made of/ the sun is made of)?” asked my sister Joe asked, “Where (the spiral arms are located/ are the spiral arms located)?” The reporter asked us how deep (was the water/ the water was) on Mars She asked the professor why (Pluto was/ was Pluto) no longer a planet Carole asked her brother, “Who (discovered Mercury/ did Mercury discover)?” Jim asked me when (the planets would be/ will the planets be) visible at the same time 10 She asked how many planets (are there/ there were) in the Milky Way II Change the sentences into reported speech “Why is there no gravity in space?” Susan asked her teacher “How far is it from the earth to the sun?” Paul asked Helen “Can black holes get smaller?” Natalie asked Alexander “Are you reading about UFO sightings?” Johnson asked Melinda “Could there be life on Mars?” Penelope asked Nicholas “Is there actually life somewhere in the Solar System outside Earth?” Bella asked Nolan “Did intelligent life exist on that planet billions years ago?” Stella asks Alice “Are we alone in the Milky Way galaxy?” Chloe asked Grace “What will you with these alien toys?” Adam asked his little brother 10 “Which stars you like to point the telescope at?” Eleanor asked me III Change the sentences into direct speech Lily asked Eva if there could be life somewhere in the Solar System outside Earth Lily asked Eva, “ ” Xavier asked Robert what Earth would be like in the year 2500 Xavier asked Robert, “ _” Hazel asked Violet if black holes had any influence on Planet Earth Hazel asked Violet, “ ” Maverick asked Sebastian why he was interested in astronomy Maverick asked Sebastian, “ ” She asked me whether there were any interesting films on TV then She asked me, “ ” Lillian asked Vivian which moons in the Solar System could support life Lillian asked Vivian, “ ” Leonardo asked Andrew whether they could see black holes Leonardo asked Andrew, “ ” He asked me if I would take part in the discussion about space travel He asked me, “ _” Samuel asked Dominic how many habitable planets there were in the universe Samuel asked Dominic, “ _” 10 Scarlet asked Ruby whether it was possible for a black hole to swallow an entire galaxy Scarlet asked Ruby, “ ” IV Choose the best answer to complete the sentences He _ me, “What you think aliens look like?” A told B asked C said D wondered Charlotte asked Caroline what her favourite films about aliens _ A are B have been C were D will be Stephanie asked her friends where and when _ from A meteors usually come B meteors usually came C did meteors usually came D did meteors usually come She asked, “How much _ about our Solar System?” A you know B you know C you knew D you will know Hannah asked Alison _ earth-like planets the Milky Way might have A whether B if C how many D what William asked Gwen, “Will Allen be able to come _?” A that day B the day after C the following day D tomorrow Santiago asked Gabriel, “What _ the most distant black hole ever seen?” A is B has been C had been D would be She wanted to know where _ on Mars A did Perseverance land B Perseverance landed C Perseverance lands D Perseverance land Daniel asked Nolan if he would help him learn about constellations _ A tomorrow night B the night after tomorrow C next night D that night 10 He asked, “How many planets _ in the Solar System?” A is there B there is C are there D there are V Choose the underlined part that needs correcting Jason asked Nathan how could people learn about black holes if they trapped both dark matter and light A asked B could people C if D trapped I asked the scientist, “What will happen to the planets when the Sun became a red giant?” A will happened B when C became D giant Sarah asked Abigail if scientists could discovered more planets outside the Solar System A asked B if C discovered D outside They wanted to know when did astronauts orbited the moon and later walked on its surface A wanted B did C orbited D walked Scientists said that they estimated the age of the universe by using the movement of stars to measure their expanding speed A said B estimated C using D their The student asked, “How many sunlight does the surface reflect instead of absorbing?” A How many B does C reflect D absorbing Parker asked Antony whether would black holes swallow up the whole universe A asked B whether C would black holes D the He asked to me, “On which planet would you see the sun rise in the west and set in the east?” A to B On C rise D set He asked if or not there might be liquid water in geological formations not far below the surface of Mars A If B might be C in D not far below 10 Naomi asked Henry what kind of life might exist on planets that were far away from us A asked B might exist C were D from us D SPEAKING I Match the sentences Have you seen the film Ad Astra yet? Is it true that the Sun is a star? I don’t like films about alien It’s scary! How far is it from the Moon to Earth? Venus is usually called the Morning Star and a Can you prove it? b There’s no life on it c Is it the second planet from the Sun? d Really? In which school will you study? e It’s about 384.400 km the Evening Star Is there life on Mars? f Yes I think they are humans’ secret weapons I think most of the UFOs are man-made g No, I haven’t What is it about? objects I think that aliens are real, and they are living h Yes, it is somewhere in the Solar System I wish that I could visit the Moon 10 I will study astronomy in university i Neither I j Oh, it might come true if you have a clear plan for it A Pronunciation I Do you think the voice should go up or down on the underlined words in each sentence? Draw a suitable arrow ( or ) on each underlined word Then practise reading out the sentences I enjoy boxing, swimming, hiking, and cycling We’ve got apples, pears, bananas, and oranges The sweater comes in blue, white, pink, and black I like football, tennis, basketball, and volleyball I bought a T-shirt, a skirt, and a handbag II Practise the following dialogues with your friends, paying attention to the rise-fall intonation A: On what day you have English lessons? B We have English lessons on Mondays, Wednesdays, Thursdays, and Fridays A: What can I get you, sir? B: We’d like some beef, some potatoes, some spaghetti, and an omelette A: What did you buy at the corner shop yesterday? B: I bought a T-shirt, a jumper, a dress, and a hat A: What sports you like? B: I like football, tennis, fishing, and jogging A: What fruits you have today? B: We’ve got apples, pears, bananas, and oranges B Vocabulary & Grammar I Rearrange the letters to name the following pictures racetr lagxay elosepcet _ _ _ cetork diliuq slaeni _ _ II Use the words in I to complete the following sentences _ The _ looked scary; they were green, and had long legs, huge heads, and big eyes There are a lot of solar systems in a _ Ash began to erupt from the _ in the mountain The scientist was looking at the stars through a _ They launched the _ into space in March 1980 _ water is one of the things that a planet needs to support life on it III Choose the correct words to complete the following sentences We tried to _ the aliens and managed to stop them from invading our planet A oppose B support C strike D struggle Animals are living _; therefore, we should not hurt them needlessly A types B aliens C creatures D breeds There is a strong _ that it will rain this afternoon A possibility B occasion C trace D opportunity It's exciting to discover _ of earlier civilizations A chances B opportunities C possibilities D traces What is the most _ planet for life in our solar system? A encouraging B promising C habitable D possible IV Underline the correct words or phrases to complete the following sentences My younger brother asked me how many planets (there were / were there) in our solar system He asked me what (I was / was I) doing then The students asked their teacher how scientists (were exploring/are exploring) planets in other galaxies Last Monday, the teacher asked the class who was on duty (today/that day) They wanted to know who (would / will) be the first to step onto Mars V Change the following questions into reported questions “How often you visit your grandparents?" Hai asked Hoa She asked me, “What does a UFO look like?” The student asked his teacher, “Why is the climate on Mars unsuitable for human life?” “Which is longer, a day on Venus or a day on Earth?” I wondered “Why people call Mars the Red Planet?" my son asked me VI Write the exact questions the policeman asked a woman The first question has been done as an example The policeman asked the woman what her name was He also asked which hotel she was staying at then Then he asked her what was in her suitcase Next, he asked whose car that was He asked her who she was going to meet that night Finally, he asked her when she was going to leave for Paris Example: What is your name? _ _ _ _ _ C Speaking I Choose the most suitable response A, B, C, or D to complete each of the following exchanges A: Do you think your brother will follow a career in business? B: _ A I doubt it He has a romantic view of life B Never mind, he will follow it C He doesn’t know for sure