THONG TIN TRAO BOI MOT SO BIEN PHAP TAO HUUG THU CHO HOC SINH LOTP1 TRONG GlOr HOC TIENG VIET NGUYfiN THI THANH NHAI Lfi PHI/ONG NGA Truimg DHSP Ha Ngi Hdng thd l i mpt thudc tinh tim II nhin vio trud[.]
THONG TIN TRAO BOI MOT SO BIEN PHAP TAO HUUG THU CHO HOC SINH LOTP1 TRONG GlOr HOC TIENG VIET NGUYfiN THI THANH NHAI - Lfi PHI/ONG NGA Truimg DHSP Ha Ngi Hdng thd l i mpt thudc tinh tim II - nhin deh quan trpng cda ngutS Cung vdi tu glic, vio trudng hpc Trd roi vio tinh trang choing hqc dudng, dd bit luc vIp phai nhffng khd hdng thd lim nin tinh tich cue nhin thffc, gidp khin ban diu cda viic hpe tip, dan ddn khpng hpc sinh (HS) hpc tip dat kdt qua eao, d hoin thinh nhidm vu hpc tip dupe giao nang khoi diy mad ngudn eda sir sing tao Nhu chdng ta da bilt, hpe tip i i mpt Theo d c nhi tim il hpe Xd Vilt: HUng thli khdng cd linh tu thin, khdng phii la thien boat ddng ddi hdi su nd iuc to Idn mdi d thi bim Hffng thd dupc hinh thinh, tri va phat tilp nhin nhffng kiln thffc ngiy cing phong phu triln nhd mdi tn/dng giio due viJi vai tri din v i phdc tap din Dd l i mdt qua trinh hpe sinh dat, hudng din, td chffc d a giio viin (GV) phii rin iuyin v i thieh nghi dan vdl cudc sdng GV l i ngudi d vai trd quylt djnh viic cda nhi tnidng vdi nhffng didu miS la, hip din, phit hiin, hinh thinh, bdi dudng hdng thd hpc day bl In v i d nhffng didu khong phai Idc nio tip eho HS, bdi sir no luc chd quan khdng d d eung tao hdng thd dli vdl d c em Ddi vdi HS tit d d c HS mi ehi cd d eac em duac hoc Idp 1, dl hpc thue su la mit budc chuyin, budc thiy giio gidl, biit khio Iio gido due cho HS ngoat d y nghta Idn iao ddi vdi sir phit trien tinh tim tdi, ham thich hieu biit tri tui, tim il v i nhan cich cda cic em Da sd Hdng thd i i mpt thudc tinh tim II mang tre em mdi duyen ttt miu giio sang tiiu tinh die thd d nhin Hdng thd d tinh lua ehpn hpc ddu khao kbit din tmdng v i rit mong dpi Odi tupng cua hdng thd chi l i nhimg eat can budi hpc diu tiin Tuy nhiin, hdng thd cda thiit, cd gii trl, ed sUc hip dan vdl ea nhin Viy cic em ian diu din tmdng mdi chi i i thii dd vln d l gi thu hdt su quan tim, chd y tim hieu nhin thdc mang miu sic d m tinh Hdng thd cda d c em? Tri idi dupe eiu hdi niy nghTa la d thdl kl niy ehua bin vffng, cdn mang tinh GV da sdng cdng vdi dd sdng tinh than cda dc nha't thdl, de bj mat di nlu khdng ed su tic em, biln ddi nhiim vu hpc tip khan cho ddng eda cic nhi giio due Dd l i chua k l phd hpp vdi nhffng mong mudn, nhu d u , sd mpt sd trudng hpp HS chua thfch ffng, kdm thich, nguyin vpng (tit nhiin l i phii tieh cue, hdng thd vdi boat ddng hpc tip bude chin ehinh ding) cda HS 24 Xuit phit ttt nhdng II trin, chdng ddng dao sau diy: tii cho rang viec dd xuit Mdt sd bien phip Sen sin sen sin tao hUng thd cho hqc sinh Idp di ning cao Sin bd lin chuil bleu qua hqc tap g'ld hqc Tiing Viet li hit Sin mda tdi xem sde can thilt Cic bien phip tao hdng thu hpc Sin sin sin sin tap cho HS rit da dang v i phong phd Trong Lua chpn mdt ciu dd vui nho nhd tmdc bii viet niy, ehdng tdi chi tap tmng d i cip d e bit diu day bii van dng cdng i i mdt eieh biin phip tao hffng thd tie ddng vio ndi dung tao tinh hudng thi hiin Ipi Ich hpc tip: day hpc, vio phuong phip day hpc v i vio Ciu gi khdng bic ngang sdng quan he tuong tic thin thiin giffa thay trd Khdng trio qua sudi lal chdng lin may 1, Biln phap tic ddng vao noi dung day hoc Hien Iln gida bui mua bay GlUa quang ning Ida, doin eau gl? Mudn HS d hdng thd, d dpng co hpc Sau HS di giii dupc cau dd, GV ghi tip tilng Viet tnide het phai lam cho HS thi'y viic hpe tilng Viet ia d i d , i i d n thilt Khai idi giii lin bang v i gidi thiiu vln mdi cho HS * Ngif lieu thiit thilt; la ngif liiu vui, thic tinh thie't thuc, hip din d a nil dung day hpc tie'ng Viet lijp phai the hiin dupe su da cd hinh thiit; sinh dpng, hap dan Ddi vdi HS Idp 1, viee GV dpe d c ngff dang, phong phd ve hinh thffc bii tip v i su Ihu vj cda ngff lieu Cie biin phip tic dpng vio npi dung day hpe mi chdng toi de cap bai viet niy l i : Tao tinh hudng gidp HS nhan thffc dupc Ipl Ieh cda npi dung hpe tap, sd dung ngO lieu thiit thuc ia ngif lieu vui, cd hinh thUc sinh ddng, sd dung ngff iiiu phan anh nhffng su thd vj eda tilng Viit, sd dung bii tip cd hinh thdc sinh dpng ' Tao tinh huong giiip HS nhan thiit difdc ldi Ich da npi dung hpc tap d phin Gii3i thieu bii day am s, thay eho viic yiu d u HS quan sit trarih, rdi tff tranh iiiu vui mi cic tidng ddu bit diu bing mpt im mdi hpc d tic dung tao hdng thd rat hiiu qui d o HS, gidp cic em nim chac d e im, van da hpe Ngff lieu sau d the sd dung d l edng ro bieu tupng im c, im b, im m eho HS: Con cua kenh cd cai cang ki quae Con cd ed cii cang cao cao Hoac: Can cd Cd cd ekng Chay cudng cudng Cao chay din Can cd nhin am van m(5i d n hpc, GV d the thay Cd cong chin ddi kiiiu vi bing d d dpc cho HS nghe bii Bay dl mit 25 THONG TIN TRAO DOI Hay: Odng dao cd tic dung idn viic Bebibabibdbinbibinbd phit triln ngin ngff, giio due, nudi dudng tim Bi Ba bio bin binh bio bin bd biin hdn trd tho, ddng thdi rin iuydn thi d i t cho trl Be Binh bibdbii BSng bSng bang bang dupc kit hpp vdi d c trd choi din gian thd vj Bd bin blu bin bin, bi biu ban bin bdpbi Buam budm bay bdng bi bdng binh Siosiuliciusioden Bii tho loin i m m sau diy cdng l i Sio den li em tu hd mit ngff iiiu thd vj v i thilt thuc: Mua ming Mda mSng md mit nmng mua Mim mam mip m^p mdn mq md miu M6l mda ming moc mdi mau Me mang may mil mu mau mimg ming Nguyen DUc Miu Nhac din ngff liiu sinh dpng phii k l din nhffng bai ddng dao Odng dao l i nhffng ldi hit din gian mdc mac cda tre ron, d td xa xua va dupe tmyin miing tff the h i niy sang thd h i khie Od l i nhffng bii hit ru cda me dua ndi cho ron ngd nhffng true h i ning gat, la nhffng Idi hit van dliu cda dim tre chin triu d t cd hay nhffng ciu v i cda tre ron ehdi trd dinh dio, dinh chuydn, dung dang dung de nhffng dim sing trang Kiln cing v i chff A 26 Chim rl, sio siu Chim rlli disio siu Tu hii li chii bi cie Bd cic li bic chim ri Chimrili dl sio siu Tranh inh eOng dupc xem li mpt ngudn ngff liiu sinh dpng mi GV d thi khai thic trang nil dung day hpc d a minh Ngoii nbOng hinh inh dai dien cho nghia d i d d SGK, GV cdng cd thi tao nhffng hinh anh dai dien cho chu Bing vide quan sit v i tP miu chff theo y thich, bieu tupng ve cac ran dff se trd nin sdng dpng, gin gui v i luu giff tri nhd HS mdt cich iiu bdn hon VI du: sau hpc xong bii 28: CHff THUONG - CHffHOA (SGK TV1, tip 1, trang 58), GV d thi thudng eho HS nhffng bdc tranh ve dudi diy v i cho HS t i miu theo y thfch cda minh: Chff B v i budm xinh i n u n i i Iir4 I KAO BOI ' 0qj Chff Chinh siu rdm ' Sif dung ngii lieu phan anh nhOhg dliu thli vi cila tiing Viit Khdngfcngvdl chff Nau rau day, mudp an no vin thim? (Lirongi? - Con eua) Bii hpe se trd nin hip din, tao hdng thd hpc tip tieng Viit eho HS nlu chdng ta d y thffc sd dung ngff iiiu dda nil dung hip din Ngff lieu hip din ve npi dung nd phan anh Con gl mdi ki la thay Din vio, Ihuduqc chuyen tUc thdi? (Li ron gl? - Cton tem) Quen gqi li hat dupc nhffng dac diem thd vj d a ngdn ngff tilng Chang nd thinh ciy Viet, lim HS ham thieh tim hilu npi dung bii Nhi nhi cao dep hpc Ddi vdi HS idp 1, dieu thd vi cd thi xuit Ddng tdi de xay phit td hinh dang eda d c ron chff: (Li hat gi? - Hat d t ) 'SUdung bai tap CO hinh thiie sinh dpng Net trdn em doc chif o Khuyet di mdt nCra se cho chd gi? {Chac) D l dat tdi mue dfch tao hffng thd hpc tip cho HS, bii tap tidng Viet d n triet d l khai Binh thudng em dqc li u thic tinh hap din d hai mat ndi dung v i hinh Khi em quay nguqc u chff gi? thffc Ve hinh thffc, GV ran phai thay doi thudng (Chffn) xuyin, tao nin su da dang d c hinh thdc Simg sung diing thang mdt minh bii tip bang cich idng vio nhiim vu hpc tip Doe lin uSn ludl, minh chif ehi? nhffng hinh inh minh hpa nhieu miu sac (Chff/) Mqt net tiling dimg nghiim chao (hinh ngPi sao, c i rdt, hinh hoa), thay doi linh boat cich thOe lim bii tip: td miu, ndi tranh Trin them diu cham, chUnao ndi ngayl vdi ttt, vdl ciu, khim phi bl mit ngoi nhi ki dliu Viic hpc tip trd nin bdt nhim chin, (Chd;) Hay thd vj ttt y nghTa cda tff: HS say sua giai quydt nhiim vu hpc tap Congicangbe, cangto mpt thi gidl gin gui mi cung vP cdng sinh THONG TIN TRAO DOI ddng v i il thd (thay ddi dob thdc hoat ddng eda HS): Thay vi sd dung nhffng bii tip d hinh thdc d u iinh khd cdng; 77m tiing bii cd vin udl, Tim tiing ngoii bii: - cd vin udi - cd vin Udl (SGK Tilng Viit 1, tip 2, tr.74), chdng ta d thi biln hda thinh mdt bii tip nhu sau / mudi J / ludi J / Em l i hoa sT Em hSy td miu xanh vio nhung chd Ion cd tiing chCra vin udl Em hSy Id miu xanh vio nhdng chd Iqn cd tiing chda vin um ngdi mdi J / ciehua j / / sudi J / chd cudi J / cudi tUdi J / chudi ddudi J \ Chac ehan vdi vai trp cda mdt hpa sT, Bii tip ndi d u viJI tranh minh hpa HS sd vd cdng say sua vdi cic tic phim dep mat v i ngp nghTnh dudi diy cung i i mpt nghd thuit cda minh ma khdng cim thiy mdt cich rin d o HS kT nang dpc va ghdp ciu vdl mdi, cang thing, nhim chin tranh d ndi dung thfch hpp: Ndi: ^0Cw Be ngdi thdi sio £ch ron dang nhin gi thi? Voi ron diln xiic Hinh anh idc niy khing d i ddn thuin HS cQng se vp cdng thieh thd vide i i nhffng minh hpa dep mat m i edn dupe xem dpc chff se khdng d n i i nhiim vu nang nl, i i mdt ngudn ngff iiiu gidp HS giai quylt m i qua vide dpc chff ly, HS bilt dupc d c nhidm vu hpc tip nhin vit boat hinh m i minh yiu thich dang iim gi nhu ndi dung bii tip sau diy: 28 Chile mdng sinh nhit Bay iin nio cic ban fli Xin chio cic ban ca voi y ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ Biln phap tac ddng vio phutdng phap day mpt ttt d van da cho Ngay sau dd, nhdm hai hpc phai ndi dupc mpt ttt cung d vln dd Cff thi Trong thi/c tiin d rit nhidu phuong hai nhdm thi dua ndi, nhdm nio khdng ndi tidp phip day hpc d the klch thieh tinh tich cue dupe hoac ndi trdng vtji td da ndi thi thua cupc boat ddng cda HS Trong bai vilt nay, chdng (Ol dam bao cie dip i n HS dua tii xin phip dupc trinh biy phuflng phap trd khdng trdng thi GV ro the vilt nhanh lin bing ehdi hpc tip - phudng phip die trung cd y eic ttt HS da ndi) nghTa tie dpng true tilp nhit din viee hinh VI du: thi tim van oi thinh hdng thu hpe tip mon Tieng Viet cda Nhdm1:(?d//a HS Idp Odd! diy l i mot sd trd ehdi tham Nhdm 1: sdi Nhdm2:c/id/c/iang khao: Nhdm 1:0/ a * Tro chdl dpng nao: Ndi ddng dip iai Muc tiiu: Thi tim td chda tilng d im, van mdi hpe hoae dn tip Nhdm 2: met md/ Nhdm 2: coi chUng Cd nhu thi hai dpi phai ddi dip vdi cho den nio mpt dpi khong tim dupe dip in (thdi gian dim tff di'n 5) Luyen phan xa nhanh tim tff ' Tro chdl: Van gl da biin mat C i d choi: GV d o tmdc mdt van hoae GV chuan bj san d c the gan d c miu cd dai diin mdt em iin bdc tham vln can thi van, tilng iin bing hoac sff dung phan mIm PowerPoint, sd dung hiiu dng biln mit, xuit ndi HS chia iim hai nhdm: nhdm mpt ndi hiin lim tang tinh hip din trd choi: THONG TIN TRAO BOI HS quan sit gliy khoing van, tilng VIdu: VI du: ciy mia - hoa mai, ci ehua rau din, mdi tham • tiu nghlu, chio dd - dd oan oa( oin oanh at Sau dd GV gd d c thd tff niy xudng hoe, chio mio - hoa qua ' Trd chdl: Ai nhanh hdn - Thi tai biin hda v i lai gin tilp iin, nhung gilu di mpt hoac hai Mue dlch: gidp HS cdng d cic van van Nhiim vu cda HS l i nil tin vin d i biln d i hpc, die biit i i nhffng van dupc ghep lal mit Trd choi niy d thi td ehttc cho c i Idp tff nhffng ron chff gidng cung ddi Cich choi: HS d nhiim vu xIp d c ' Trd chdl: Al tinh mit Muc dfch: cdng cd bilu tttpng cic vln d i hpc Dilu die biit d chd eic van can tim chff cii thinh cic van da hpe Ddi nio thdl gian ngin nhit tim dupc nhidu vln nhit v i dung nhit l i ddi thing eupc d hai chff eii mi sau ddi ngupc vj tri cie ron chff ta lai d dupc mpt vln mdi VI du: Cho d c ran chff: /, a, u, u- -> Vin d n tim: /a, ua, ua, al, au, uu GV niu yiu d u tn5 ehdi: Tim cie cap van d su khic d vj tri eic ran chff Cd Cho d c ran chff: o, /, a, d, a, u, d, u -^ Vln can tim: ol, ai, ol, ai, udi, uai thi td chffc cho ca Idp tham gia, HS nio tim dupc mpt cap vln ddng vdi yiu d u s i dupe Cho cic ran chff: e, a, o -> Van ran tim: eo, ao, oe, oa thudng mpt mdn qui Cho d c ran chff: /, e, o, u,a,y^ Dip in: ia - ai, ua - au, ui - iu, eo - oe, Van d n tim: iu, iu, liu, yiu, ul, ui, uu, uau ao - oa Cho d c ron dff: o, n, a, a, i, d, a, e, Sau dd, trinh dp HS, d thi yiu d u thim nhiim vu: tim tff chda tilng cd van vda tim dUde o i,l,u-* Van d n tim: on, an, an, in, dn, an, en, in, in, un VI du, cho d c mau chff rdi nhu sau: ej ej o o 30 Hinh thffc ehdi: d the td chde ehdi theo hai nhdm hoic theo tdng cap HS GV chuin hoin thien nhin eieh cda ban thin cic em Su khfch l i , ddng vidn, ning dd dd sd gidp bi d c the chff nhd trin Hai nhdm hoac hai cic em thay dupc thd manh eda minh, ddng HS lan lupt choi bing cich djeh chuydn d c thdi tao dung Idng tin vio bin thin Vi viy, tim bia cho ghep iai thinh van, thinh tid'ng GV d i mang minh sB minh eda mit ed nghTa, sau dd dpe to tie'ng ay rdi vii't ngudi thay vT dai, nhu eieh ndi cda Wllliama giay cda minh, nhdm tilp tue tim vln khic Ward: Chi nil thdl li thiy giio xoing, gling rdi dpe to v i vilt gily cda minh tilng d giii li thiy giio tSt, minh hoa va bleu diin li nghTa tim dupe Cff nhu vay cho ddn nhdm thiy giio gidi, giy hdng thu hqc tip ti thay nao khong tim tidp dupe thi dffng lal Nhdm giio vl dai Bdi nlu npi dung day hpc dupe thing cupc s i i i nhdm tim duoe ddng v i nhieu chuan bj cing phu, phUflng phip day hpc nha't cic tilng d nghta dupc thiet kd da dang, phong phd nhung Bien phap tie dong vio quan he than khdng dupc GV td ehttc mdt mdi truPng thien glOii thay - tro su pham than thiin thi cie biin phip tie Cd thi ndi, tie ddng vio mdi quan h i dpng da niu d trin ddu trd vd nghTa thin thien giffa thay - tro d y nghta rat quan Tuong tie su pham thin thiin giffa thay trd trpng ddi vdi HS Idp Bdi vi, trudc vio Idp nghTa i i d dd HS dupc tran trpng nhffng thinh 1, da sd tre da qua tmdng miu giio ddd, tre qua cda minh, dupe vui sudng vi minh la dupc vui ehdi l i chinh, qua vui chdl, rin luyen, ngddi dau tiin tim chin il, dupe cam nhin tre d i dupe nhffng hilu bllt nha't dinh v l nhffng cong chac chan diu tien chff cupc sdng Quan h i giffa cP giio vdi tre nhu khing phai l i nhffng that bai cay dang dau quan hi Me - Con Co luon ndi vdi tre bang tien Chi ed thinh cPng, nidm tu hio v i thinh nhffng Idi ngpt ngao, i u yIm Tre ludn nhin eong, cam glic xde dpng thinh dng mdi dupe su ro vu, dpng viin ttt d giio v i ban l i ngudn gdc that su cda ham mudn hpc hdi be, die biet i i tff ed giio Co dupe ham mudn hpc hdi, hffng thd vdi hpe Tic dpng vao mdi quan he thin thidn tap, tfch cue nhin thdc, HS sd d kdt giffa thay - trd, nghTa i i ngudi GV can phai qui hpe tip tdt hPn Kit qua dd lim thda man bli't tao mpt mdi trudng hpc tip cho tu nhu d u nhin thdc, tao d m giie thich thd nhiin, nhe nhang v i thoai mil nhit Mdm hda khiln HS cing thim tu tin, phan di'u hdn d c ciu iinh gid hpc, chd trpng vio mat trang hpe tap, V i nhu vay, kit qua hpc tip thinh edng eda tre, dd cao sde sing tao eda vffa la dilu kiin d l giy hdng thd hpc tap, HS dd i i ri't nhd, dinh gii qua, su no tri hdng thd hpc tip, vffa la kit qua tit yeu luc cda HS ehinh qui trinh phit triln v i cda hdng thd hpc tip 31 ...Xuit phit ttt nhdng II trin, chdng ddng dao sau diy: tii cho rang viec dd xuit Mdt sd bien phip Sen sin sen sin tao hUng thd cho hqc sinh Idp di ning cao Sin bd lin chuil bleu qua hqc tap g''ld... ngudn ngff liiu sinh dpng mi GV d thi khai thic trang nil dung day hpc d a minh Ngoii nbOng hinh inh dai dien cho nghia d i d d SGK, GV cdng cd thi tao nhffng hinh anh dai dien cho chu Bing vide... VI du: sau hpc xong bii 28: CHff THUONG - CHffHOA (SGK TV1, tip 1, trang 58), GV d thi thudng eho HS nhffng bdc tranh ve dudi diy v i cho HS t i miu theo y thfch cda minh: Chff B v i budm xinh