QUY TRINH XAY DUNG HE THONG CASE DUNG TRONG GIANG DAY MON GIAO DUC HOC O TS, TRINH THUY G I A N G '''' C3se Id chd''''t t l iu chinh eOa phuong phdp Case study N d dugc xem Id nhi/ng trudng hgp d i ln hinh[.]
QUY TRINH XAY DUNG HE THONG CASE DUNG TRONG GIANG DAY MON GIAO DUC HOC O C 3se Id chd't tliu chinh eOa phuong phdp Case study N d dugc xem Id nhi/ng trudng hgp d i l n hinh eua thye Hen n g h l n g h i i p , duge su dung vdi mye dich gido dye Cdc tnrdng hgp d d ludn md td ede sy v i i e , sy vdt, nhCrng vdn de nghe n g h i i p edn quan tdm, edn Hm h i l u ho^c cdn phdi gldl quyet Cose khdng cd sfin md cdn dugc xdy dyng Tgp hgp ngau n h i i n , rieng le ede Case khdng ddm t>do thyc h i i n ldi mgc Heu dgy hgc Mudn vdn dyng phuong phdp Case study frong dgy hgc (DH) ndl chung vd mdn Gido dye hge (GDH) ndl rieng, nhd't thilt phdi xdy dyng dugc h i thd'ng Cose theo mdt quy frinh nhd't djnh Trong phgm vi tjdl v i l t , ehung ldi de xuat quy frinh xdy dyng h i ihdng Cose vd vdn dyng de xdy dyng h i thd'ng Cose phdn Lf ludn DH Q u y trinh x d y d y n g h$ ihd'ng Cose frong DH mdn G D H Case frong DH mdn GDH Id nhung frudng hgp d l l n hinh dugc lyo chgn vd xdy dyng ed chu dich, frong d d mieu td edc sy viec, h i i n tugng hode nhung vd'n de eua gido dye vd DH theo Tdi vdn phong tudng thudt md sinh v i i n (SV) edn quan tdm, cdn Hm h i l u hode edn phdi gldl q u y l t nhdm dem den cho hg nhung thdng d i i p nghe nghiep cd gid frj thyc t i l n N h u v d y , ed t h i h i l u mdt cdch ngdn ggn rdng CasefrongDH mdn GDH Id nhi/ng cdu chuyen gido dye He thd'ng Case frong DH mdn GDH td tdp hgp nhung cdu chuyen gido dye, dugc lyo chgn, xdy dyng theo mgt quy frinh nhd't djnh vd dugc sdp xep theo logic ngi dung mdn GDH, cd y nghTo frong v i i e giup SV khde sdu k i l n thuc, phdt trien kT ndng tu duy, kT ndng gidi q u y l t van d l , khd ndng mich ung vol nghe DH vd cudc sdng sou ndy Quy trinh xdy dung h i thd'ng Case Id mgt trdt ty tuven tfnh bao gdm gloi dogn 10 budc, cd tfnh chd't chf ddn qud trinh thu thdp, sdp xep vd bien sogn edc tu l i i u giup cho v i i e xdy dyng h i thd'ng Case (xem so do} Giai dogn 1: Chudn bf (2 budc) }} Xdc djnh myc tliu vd ndl dung hi fhdng Giai (Io?n Chu^n bj TS, TRINH THUY G I A N G ' B1: XSc iJjnh m i ^ iJicii, nOi dung x3y di^g ^ Giai flogn B2;Lgnk@iioachvdxdcil thaptUligu B3:Thuttiapcactifligu THuthaplulieuKr B41tiachQncactUligu Giaido^nS BiSn so^n h$ Bienso?nJi? lti6ng Case Giai doan )an4 Thilnghi^i i^mva ill Giai doan Ciiinh sOa v hoan thijn B5: Phdn loai v^ sdp xep tifng niidm X | B6:BI6nsoantiingCasevas^x6pttianfi hgth6n9 L - JI" B7:Tiiij:nghijmhjtli6ngCase \ r j B8 Panii gia hg tii6ng Cas~ L ! 69: Rasoatvad6i chieu BIO: Ciilnh si]'a va hoan ttiign hg Oiling Case can xdy dung: - Myc tieu xdy dyng h$ thdng Case Id de su dyng chung vdo frong DH m ^ G D H , hudng vdo viec thye hi^n ede mye l i i u DH; - Ndi dung cua he thdng Case phdn dnh nhi/ng vd'n d l ndy sinh thye tien DH vd gido dye frudng phd thdng, chua dyng nhCrng thdng tin l i i n qua d i n fri thuc, kT ndng, kinh nghiem gido dye md SV d d cd vd cdn phdi hge 2} Xdc dinh ke hogch vd nguon thu fhgp edc tu lieu; - Cdc tu liiu cdn thu thdp bao gdm edc cdu chuyin, su kien, hien ti/gng ndy sinh; cdc vd'n de, Hnh hudng gido dye; - Cdc nguon thu thgp tu lieu Id thye Hen gido dye d frudng phd thong, tu sdch, bdo, tgp ehi hode cdc phuong Hen thdng Hn dgi chung Glal dogn 2: Thu ttidp vd li/a chgn cdc tu lieu (2 budc) 3} Thu thdp cdc tu lieu 4} Lya chgn ede tu lieu V i i e lya chgn cdc tu lieu dugc d y a frin mye l i i u vd ndi dung cua he thd'ng Case Giai dogn 3: Bien sogn h$ thdng Case (2 budc) * Tntfig Bai hpc stf irium H i N^i Tap chi Blao due so ( m • 3/aoiai 5) Phdn logi vd s6p xep ede tu llfu dd lya chgn thdnh tung nhdm Vl§c phdn logi d y a theo cd'u fruc ndi dung mdn GDH 6} Biin sogn hi thdng Case Budc ndy boo gdm: - Blin sogn tOng Case: Cdn cu vdo myc Hiu, ndl dung DH G D H , myc Hiu, ngi dung cuo h>ng lidl hgc; edc y i u cdu cua Cose frong DH GDH, gidng v l i n (GV) sd dyng edc tu li|u dd lya chgn de bien sogn Viec b i i n sogn Ixio gdm cdc thao tde: + Xdc dinh edu fruc ngi dung cua h>ng Case, Ixio gdm cde ndi dung: van d l SV cdn phdi quan tdm, phdi Hm hieu hode phdi gidi quyet; k l i n thuc GDH md SV d d cd hode cdn phdi ttnh hgl; kT ndng, thdi SV edn dgt dugc, edc kinh n g h i i m SV edn tieh luy; nhdn vdt cdn xud't hien Case; mdu thudn ndy sinh git/a cdc nhdn vdt; + Xdc djnh hinh thue t h i h i i n eua Cose: Su dyng cdc yeu to' thdi gion, khdng glan, dja d i l m , ldi tnogi, ldi dan, cdc yeu t6 cdm xue, vdn phong h/dng thudt de Idng g h i p , k i t ndi edc vd'n de d d xdc dinh vd b l l u dgt ndl dung eua Case dudi hinh thue Id nhung edu chuy?n gido dye; - S6p xip cde Case dd xdy dyng thdnh hi thdng: Viec sdp xep ndy phdi cdn cu vdo cde y i u edu eua h i thd'ng Case frong DH GDH Glal dogn 4: Thu nghiim vd ddnh gid hi thdng Case (2 budc) 7) Tien hdnh thu nghiem he thd'ng Case: Viee thu nghiem duge Hln hdnh bdng cdch su dyng thd mdt each ngau nhiin mdt sd Cose vdo DH GDH 8) Ddnh gid hi thdng Case mdi duge xdy dyng Tieu chudn d l ddnh gid v i i e xdy dyng h i thd'ng Case chfnh Id cdc y i u cdu cua mdt Case cuo h i thdng Case frong DH GDH Ddnh gid thdng quo Id'y y k i l n nhdn xet h> GV dgy G D H , tu SV cdc Idp d d su dyng Cose Glal dogn 5: Chinh sua hi ihdng Cose (2 budc) 9) Rd sodt Igi hi thdng Case vd qud trinh xdv d y n g chung, dd'i c h i l u vdi k i t qud kiem fro, ddnh gid n i u t r i n vd edc yeu edu d d duge xdc djnh / 0} Tien hdnh chinh sua nhiJng loi can thiet vd hodn thiin todn bd hi thd'ng Case V i d y minh h o g Case d u n g frong g i d n g d g y b d i « Q u d frinh d g y h o c ' Tranh ludn Hoi gido sinh thye tdp Thu vd Minh dang n g h i i n euu gido dn eua mdt gido vien d g y Vdn de tham khdo eho viec sogn gido dn cuo minh N g d y moi, hg cd g i d dgy tgi Idp 11A vd Idp 11B vdi bdi Vdo phu chua Trinh Dd hai Hi'ng frdi quo, di/dng nhu Thu cd v i m i l mdi vd bdng n h i i n hdi M i n h : Minh ndy, gidodn bdi ndy that chi tiet, Idm cd the thudc hit dugc? Tap chi Blao due so (ki i • j/aoia) Minh hoi ngge nhiin vi cdu ndi d d cuo bgn, nhung van hdi Thu: Thi fu ndy fdl gid, cdu hgc thudc Idng gido dn ddy d? Thu thdn nhiin trd ldi: «u, niu thudc gido dn roi tht viec gidng bdi that don gidn Qud trinh DH thye ehdtld qud trinh truyin thy fri ihuc tu thay tdi trd md! The cdn cdu, cdu Idm gi tu ndy tdi gid? Td chi quan tdm den ede edu ndl vd edu ehuyen y gido dn ndy thdi Mien minh cung ddt CH vd ehuyen y gidng Hie Id dugc Quan trgng nhd't Id phdi ty tin thi mdi phdt huy vai trd ehu dgng dung trude Idp dugc! Minh frd ldi Sou mdt chut ludng ly, Thu g d t d d u ndl tadngquo: «Thidl " Hdy eho b i l t qud frinh DH de cap den frong edu chuyin frin Id qud frinh nhu the ndo? Bdn chd't eua qud frinh DH Id gJ? Phdn tieh vd ddnh gid viee tham khdo gido dn eua Thu vd Minh edo chuyin fren? Quan diem cua Thu v l Qud trinh DH nhu vdy Id dung hay sal? Tgi sao? Neu id t h u vd Minh, t>gn se tham khdo nhCrng gi gido dn dd vd gidi thfch tgi sao? Bdi hgc rut ro h/ edu ehuyen fren Id gi? Case neu fren d d duge xdy dung qua 10 bude nhu quy trinh, frong d d ed mgt so luu y thyc hien cdc bude nhu sou: - Tu lieu Idm co sd d l b i i n sogn: Ddy Id sy viec cd that dugc k l Igi h> mgt SV di thyc tgp su phgm ve cdng v i i e chudn bj gido dn cua gido sinh; - Phdn tich tu l i i u de xdc djnh vd'n d l ed tu lieu Id: mdu thuan quan niem ve thorn khdo gido dn giua hai gido sinh, h i l u chua dung ve t>dn ehdt qud frinh DH vd vol frd cua ngudi dgy, ngudi hgc frong qud trinh dgy hgc; - Khdng djnh ndl dung ndy cd the su dyng d i bien sogn mdt Case v l bdn chd't cOa qud frinn dgy hgc; - GliJ nguyin cot ldi cua sy viec, Hm k i l m vd xdy dyng nhi/ng finh Hit de Idng ghep ihudt ngO «qud frinh dgy hge" vdo ndl dung eOo Cose Mugn Hnh each, ldi ndi eOo nhdn vdt de dua dyng y cua GV v l nhijng van de SV cdn Hm hieu: - Q u d frinh DH Id g i , vol frd eua GV vd SV frong qud frinh ndy; - Bdn chd't qud frinh DH Id gt; - Bdi hgc vd kinh nghiem rut ro Bo vd'n d l frin se Id co sd de xdy dyng CH d d n i u : CH vd CH giup SV Hm h i l u v l khdi niem vd bdn chd't qud frinh dgy hgc; CH vd CH Hm h i l u ve vol frd eua ngudi dgy vd ngiroi hgc frong qud frinh dgy hge; CH giup SV rut ro kinh nghiim cho bdn thdn; - D6\ t i n nhdn vdt, ihoy ddi boi cdnh vd t h i m vdo nhung linh Hit hdp ddn khde (Xem tiep trang 14) de tgo mot mdi trudng md, eung edp vdt lieu mdi cho phep fri dugc lya chgn thodi mdi, ty defim h i l u ve the gidi xung quanh vd hinh thdnh kinh nghiim; -Troc/iofxdyc/yng-hoqtddnghoctdp bdng cdch su dyng cdc vdt lieu khdc GV khuyen khioifrem d rdng y tudng vd tuong tdc vdi ede bpn de hpc hdi Ian frd ebol xdy dyng; • Trd choi ddng vai - Id ddng vol mot ngudi khdc frong su dyng vdt that hay gid de phu hpp vdi vol choi GV cdn tqo mdt mdi trudng hofrgvd md rong hinh thuc frd choi dong vol; - Trd choi vdi ludt ckai - frd choi tu vd frd choi van ddng ddi hdi fri hgc cdch kilm sodt t h i ehdt vd hdnh vi bdng ldi ndi d l phu hgp vdi lupt chert Chuong frinh gidng day ST cdn ggi yfrdchoi ngodi frdi, frd choi tu (the bdi, cd ) vd cho phepfretu t h l ^ Idp cdc quy tdc cua rieng minh Trpng tdm Id choi cho vui, khdng cpnh fronh; - Hgc tap vd tinh vugt khd: T r i em se phdt frien Hnh kiln fri vd vugt khd dugc gido dye ddi mdt vdi nhung khd khdn Nhd vdy cdc tdc dpng cuo nhung khd Widn c6 t h i se dugc gidm nhe, ddng thdi fri ed t h i hpc tdp cdc kT ndng d l ddi phd vdi nghich ednh Quy trinh xay dpg fTiep theo frang 29) Xdy dyng he thd'ng Cose de DIH mdn GDH Id mdt qud frinh ihu ihqp, x u l i , l y o chgn cdc tu lieu gido dye de fren co sd dd b l l n sogn cdc edu chuyen g i d o dye Hen hdnh thu nghiem, k i l m tra ddnh gid v d sdp xep thdnh he thd'ng Q u d frinh ndy d d duge quy frinn hod thdnh cdc giai dogn, cdc budc vd cdc thao tdc nhd't dinh Vdi quy trinh ndy, G V c6 the d p dyng, ty xdy d y n g he riid'ng Case dl^DH mdn GDH He thdng Cases ndy hodn todn phu hgp vdi myc tieu, GV ed t h i tpo hode tdn dyng ede Hnh huong kho khdn frong npi dung DH mdn GDH vd c6 t h i frd choi, bdl tdp, hode mdi trudng hgc tdp d l giup tre hqc su d y n g d l td' chue DH theo cdch thieh ung vd trdi nghiem phuong phdp Case study Q NhOng bien phdp phdt triln tfnh kiln tri vd vugt khd cho t r i : Ho frg v d kich thieh frong mdi frudng an todn; - D l Hep cdn v d chdm sdc, ngudi Idn edn Id ngudi md fre cdm thdy Hn tudng; - C6 Tii li$u tham khio eo hp! phdt frien khd ndng ty kilm sodt; - Cdm nhdn dugc khd Trjnh Thu^ Giang V§n dijng ndng cua minh; - Chuong frinh ST cdn thuc ddy tinh kiln fri, vugt phinmg phdp Case study d^y khd odng cdch chi ro eho GV cdch Idm the ndo de tqo ro mdi hpc mOD Giio dye hpc d d^i hpc sir trudng Idp hpc h'eh eye, tdn frpng sy tuong tac vdifreem pham Lu^n dn ti^n si Gi&o dye hpc Vi$n Khoa hpc gi5o dye Vif t Nam, H i l n nay, ehuong frinh gido dye mdm non dang chu frgng H.2011 d i n myc tieu phdt frien khd ndng ST eOa t r i Vi vdy, edc nhd qudn Herried, C.F "Case studies In li gido dye, GV mdm non vd phy huynh cdn tim h i l u nhung cdng Science: A novel Method for science frinh nghlwi cuu gido dye ST cOa fre de ndm bdt dugc cdch fre Edueation", Journal of college science suy ngmvd cdm nhdn Hon nOo, thdng quo cdch nhin da dgng v l teaching, p.221-229, 1994 phdt frien khd ndng ST cOa fre, chung ta se thudn Igi 1^1 nghiln Herried, C.F Start with astory The cuu, lyo chpn edc bien phdp phdt friln khd ndng ST phu hgp tung case study M^hod of Teaching OAege Science, NSTA press, Arlington, cd nhdn fri • Virginia, 2007 Tdi li$u tham kh^o Hutchings, Pat Using Cases to Due Uy Tam H hpc sing tao NXB Gido difc, H 1999 Improve College Teaching: A Guide Maiy Renlca Jalong - Laurie Nicholson Stamp Ngh£ thii$t to a More Reflective Practice cuOc stfng cda tr6 Trudng Dfii hpc Indiana, Pennsylvania, Hoa Ki 1997 Washington, DC: American Song Myung Cha Tftm h'hpc phit Iri&L I^XB Wflfayiso, mn Qu6c 2003 Association for Higher Edueation Yu Youn Oak Phfit trien nhSn thuc cda tri mSm non Tnifmg Dai 1993 hpc Keimyung H4n Qutfc 2010 SUMMAltY SUMMARY Unlike previously thought, at present, concept of the psycholr^ist Is the creative potential of human appeared very early Therefore each child was tx>m has hiddencreatlve potential or innate talent to excel In a certain field, dnd the possibility that occurs during the period of early childhood V^pcper summaries syst&ns of theoretical per^yecttvescsxtttie creation of the famous psyctiologists of education • creativrty for children ^ Want to use Case study methods In teaching general education and learning in partlculat sutijects, necessaniy have the Casse system This system is not available and need to construct Randomly assigned Case no guarantee of good Performance learning objectives This article made to construct the system process Casse Tap chi Blao due so ( m • a/aom ... ndy d d duge quy frinn hod thdnh cdc giai dogn, cdc budc vd cdc thao tdc nhd''t dinh Vdi quy trinh ndy, G V c6 the d p dyng, ty xdy d y n g he riid''ng Case dl^DH mdn GDH He thdng Cases ndy hodn... gid hi thdng Case (2 budc) 7) Tien hdnh thu nghiem he thd''ng Case: Viee thu nghiem duge Hln hdnh bdng cdch su dyng thd mdt each ngau nhiin mdt sd Cose vdo DH GDH 8) Ddnh gid hi thdng Case mdi duge... mdi duge xdy dyng Tieu chudn d l ddnh gid v i i e xdy dyng h i thd''ng Case chfnh Id cdc y i u cdu cua mdt Case cuo h i thdng Case frong DH GDH Ddnh gid thdng quo Id''y y k i l n nhdn xet h> GV dgy