NGHIEN CUtJ&U>iG DUNG II NANG CAO HIEU QUA DAY HOC DIA LY CHO HOC SINH KHIEM THINH Of CAP TRUNG HOC CO S6 TS Kilu Van Hoan, ThS Bui Thi Lam Tru&ng Dai hpc Suphgm Hd Npi 1 Cac giai phap nang cao hi^u q[.]
NGHIEN CUtJ&U>iG DUNG II NANG CAO HIEU QUA DAY HOC DIA LY CHO HOC SINH KHIEM THINH Of CAP TRUNG HOC CO S6 TS Kilu Van Hoan, ThS Bui Thi Lam Tru&ng Dai hpc Suphgm Hd Npi Cac giai phap nang cao hi^u qua day hoc dia ly cho HS khilm,thinh /./ Bieu chinh qua trinh dgy hpc cho HS khiem thinh HS khiem thinh cd nhung die diem rieng ve nhin thue, each hpe, each tiep nhin thdng tin vi kinh nghiem sdng, dd ddi hdi GV day hpe dia ly eho, HSKT ein thuc hien mdt sd dieu chinh de phat buy ning vi dip iing nhu ciu eiia eie em Do die dienj mdn hpe, die diem thiet ke chuang trinh, SGK va cie hpe lieu hd tro, mdn dia ly li mdt cie mdn khoa hpc phii hop vdi each hpc tap thong qua thi giac va cdc hoat dpng thuc hdnh, hai yeu td eua viec giing day niy phu hpp vdi cae ning hoc tip eiia nhieu HSKT 1.1.1 Diiu chinh muc tiiu day hpc cdc bdi hpc Dia ly Khi xac dinh eic muc tieu day hpe, ein quan tim den trinh dp hpc tip khie eua HS Trong rit nhieu eie thi nghiem, boat dpng thue hanh, hoat ddng kham phi thue tiln cic kien thirc dia ly bie hpc THCS cho phep nhilu HS thupc cae trinh dp thue hien vi dat dupe cic miic dp khac ye muc tieu day hpc Dilu cdt loi li GV dit cac muc tieu day hpc khac phu hpp vdi txuih dp hpc tip cua HS HS khiem thinh ed nang lue khie so vdi tre binh thudng vi bin thin mdi HSKT lai cd nhiing ning luc va nhu ciu khie Do vay, giing day GV can phii thay ddi ndi dung vi yeu eiu cua timg bai cho phu hop vdi mpi ddi tupng Cu thi la: Dieu ehinh ve miic dp yeu cau ciia kien thiic; Dieu ehinh ve thdi lupng cho, timg npi dung; Dieu ehinh ve miie dp van dimg kien thiie 1.1.2 Diiu chinh npi dung Hien nay, ehiing ta chua xiy dung dupe chuang trinh va sieh giio khoa Dia ly eho tre khiem thinh Vi viy, cic GV Dia ly dua vao sieh giio khoa va chuang trinh THCS thudng deday cho HSKT nhung ed,su dieu chinh ve ndi dung nhim tao dieu kien cho eae em phit trien tdi da nhung nang tren eo sd nhung kinh nghiem vdn ed ciia minh Ddi vdi ndi dung day hpe Di,a ly THCS cin thuc hien eae dieu chinh sau: Xae dinh ndi dung trpng tim eiia chuang trinh Dia ly tren ea sd phan tich mdi quan he thdng nhit giua eac don vi kiln thuc, cae khii niem, thuit ngii, tu dd lua chpn eieh thiic nit gpn ndi dung day hpc Dia ly va dinh hudng cic boat ddng day hpc nhim giiip HSKT bpc dupe cic ndi dung trpng tim Xae dinh he thdng eae khai niem dia ly ein giii thich eho HSKT giup eie em ITnh hdi dupe eac ndi dung hpe tip cua chuang trinh dl, trinh nhung bit cap giiia kien thiic, ky nang hien cd eiia HSKT vdi ndi dung eiia mdn hpc Dia ly Quan dilm ve miic dp khd tang din, ve hinh thinh he thdng kien thiic dia ly khdng phii ehi d mdt ldp, ma phai d ea cap hpe - Dilu ehinh ndi dung bii hpc li mdt giii phap huu hieu ciia nhi trudng Trong day hoe Dia ly bie THCS cho HS khilm thmh, cd the thuc hien dieu chinh ndi dung theo hai hudng: - Phin tich eie mue tieu ya ndi dung day hpc thinh nhieu mite dp vi yeu eiu HSKT dat dupe d miic dp phii hop hoic thay ddi hinh thiic the hien npi dung Thay the nhiing ndi dung trim tupng mi HSKT chua the tiep can de hieu dupe su ban ehe ve kinh nghiem, ngdn ngii, su thieu hut ky ning nghe cung nhu cie khai niem dia ly ed lien quan bang nhiing ndi dung thiet thuc va phu hop hon vdi eae em 1.1.3 Dieu chinh vi phucmg phdp day hpc -, HSKT ed the su dung nhieu phuang tien khie de tiep nhan va bieu dat thdng tin giao tiep ciing nhu qui trinh nhin thiic the gidi xung quanh Trong day hpc ein su dung phdi hpp eac phuang tien giao tiep day hpc cho HSKT nhu Idi ndi, dpc hinh mieng, ehu eii ngdn tay, cit chi dieu bd, ky hieu Dieu ciing dat mdt ddi bdi ,d6i vdi GV day HSKT li cin tim hieu va hpc cich sir dung cac ki hieu, eir chi dieu bd, chii cii ngdn tay de giao tiep cd hieu qui hon vdi HSKT, De tao dieu kien thuan lpi eho HSKT tiep nhin thdng tin tdt nhat vi ehinh xac nhit, qui trinh giang day, GV Ngdy nhgn bdi 17/6/2011: Ngdy duyel dang 25/8/2012 TAP CHI THIET BI GIAO DUC-SO 85-9/2012 • NGHIEN cuU & UNG DUNG ein ed su ket hpp tieng ndi va nhung phuong tien Idiie dien giai mdt ndi dung nio dd nhu ket hpp ndi vdi binh ve, tranh inh, ket hpp ndi viet, ket hpp ndi vdi eir ehi dieu bd, ket hpp ndi vdi ki hieu Ting cudng su dimg phuang phip true quan va eae phuong tien true quan: True quan giang day Dia ly cho HSKT the hien Idi ndi eua GV, vi viy GV can ndi trude mat HS, ndi rd ring, rinh mach, dimg nhiing tu ngii don giin, de bieu, viia ndi viia ve, vira ndi vira cbi vio ddi tupng dang dupe de cap (tranh ve, hinh ve, chu viet tren bing) Sir dimg bang vi cich trinh biy bing giiip HSKT theo ddi bii hieu qui, cic gid hpc Dia ly, GV ghi lai nhung tir chinh len bing de HSKT theo ddi vi ghi nhd Cic phuang tien true quan khie nhu vit that, eic loai md hinh, cie loai tranh inh, bieu dd Sir dung mdt sd doan phim md phdng eae hien tupng khd quan sit thue te cung la mdt each hieu qui de giiip HSKT tiep thu kien thiic Mat khie, hudng dan HSKT tu lim cic md binh phue vu eho hpc tip cac kien thiie dia ly eiing la mdt cich de giiip cic em hpe tip phu hop vdi eieh hpc tap eiia phin ddng HSKT li hpc thdng qua lam viec Td chlie eac boat ddng trii nghiem phong phii ciing li cich dilu chinh de phii hpp vdi cich hpc thdng qua thuc hinh eua HSKT vi die trung kiln thirc eiia mdn Dia, ly, eieh niy eiing cd loi cho tit ca HS Idp Tao ea hdi eho HSKT giao tiep vdi eac HS HSKT ein ed cac eahdi de tra9 ddi, ndi ehuyen ve nhirng vin de cd lien quan den khoa hpc dia 26 ly vdi nhirng ngudi khie Cic cude trao ddi, tuong tie vdi GV va vdi ban cung trang tudi li rit quan trpng ddi vdi viee phat trien ngdn ngii va ky ning xi hdi eiia HSKT Trong sudt qui trinh tham gia vao eic boat ddng thue,hanh, HSKT nen dupe khuyen khich phit bieu de giiip eie em cd the tao lip, xiy dung suy nghi ve mot khii niem khoa hpc nao dd - Sir dung,cdng nghe Cdng nghe cd the mang lai dudng de HSKT den vdi khoa hpc dia ly (ndi dung ciia cie doan phim, so dd, bin dd ) Nhung ndi chung, ciing gidng nhu bat ky ky thuit day hpc nao, viec sir dung edng nghe nen dupe dua tren viee danh gia eae lpi ich ddi vdi viec hpe , 1.1.4 Diiu chinh ddnh gid kit qud hpc tap cda HS khiem thinh Viee dinh gia ket qui hpe tap eua HSKT khdng the ip dung hoan toan each danh gii ddi vdi HS binh thudng, nen viec dinh gii bii hpc ciing cd nhiing thay ddi, dieu chinh eho phil hop Ddi vdi HSKT, viec danh gii ein van dung mdt eieh linh boat, dua tren mue tieu rieng de ddng vien, khich le cae,em dat ket qui ngiy cang tdt ban Do ban ehe ve nghe - ndi, nen eac hinh thiic dinh gia ddi vdi HSKT cin liiJi boat, epi trpng -viee HS bieu dat kien thiic bang cae hinh thirc khie nhau: thdng qua chii viet, chii cii ngdn tay, ngdn ngii ky hieu hoae su tham gia vio bii bpc GV ciing lua ebon eac boat ddng mi cd the khai gpi tdt nhit kien thiic vi kl nang ma cac HSKT tiep thu dupe d mdn dia ly Cd the ap dung cic hinh tbiie sau de danh gia ket qua hoc tip mdn dia ly eiia HSKT: • TAP CHI THIFTBI GIAO DUC-SO 85-9/2012 Su dung eie bai tip trie nghiem hoae bai luin ngin nhung ed su dieu chinh ve eieh trinh bay de phii hpp vdi kha nang ngdn ngii ciia HSKT Sit dung bang ttr vimg Cic tir va eie ki hieu dupe day true tiep eho HSKT cac bii hpe dia ly nen duoc kiem tra lai de eiing cd kien thiic ciing nhu giiip GV biet dupe ket qua hpc tap eua HSKT - Ban dd khai niem: Bin khai niem xuit hien d nhilu hinh thiie, each kiem tra bing bin dd khai niem phii hpp vdi HSKT vi:, Cach kiem tra khdng nhin manh den viec HS phii viet eie kien thue bang nhiing ciu hoan ehinh Day ciing la mdt phuong phip don giin de giup ,HS td chire suy nghi, nhin thay dupe eac moj quan he vi cae ind hinh, cd the dupe sir dung de giiip HS ghi nhd cic thdng tin Mdt lpi the quan trpng la binh thiic eo the dupe tien hanh la mot hoat ddng ei nhin hay li mdt boat ddng nhdm Do do, dii la dupe sii dung mdi trudng hpc tip hoa nhip bay la nhu mot boat ddng ea nhin, tbi viee lap bin dd khii niem limdt chien lupc day hpe vi kiem tra ket qui hoc tip hieu qua ddi vdi viec bd trp HSKT hieu cac khii niem, cic y tudng khoa hpe, ea nhung Idiii niem dan giin Cling nhu phite tap., 1.2._Xay dung nguon tu lieu ho tra day vd hoc Bia ly THCS - Cie tu lieu hd trp dl true quan hda cic ndi dung kien thiic dia ly bing hinh anh, md huih, video, so dd true quan theo ndi dung chuong trinh Di,a ly hoic minh hpa cho he thdng thuit ngu ein giai thich Xay dung be thdng ki hieu cua ngudi khilm thinh md ta cic thuit ngii dia ly Thu NGHIEN CUtJ&UflMG DUNG th|p, xiy dung ky hieu cua he hpp vdi kha ning hpc tip eiia thdng thuit ngu dia iy cin ed HSKT thdng qua viee sii dung sir phdi hpp vdi cic ciu lac bd thu vien hinh inh, video, md ngudi khiem thinh tai cie dia hinh md phdng Ben canh, phuong.Viee nghien ciiu, thu eie ndi dung kien thiic nhu thip v i xiy ,dung eae thuit ehuong trinh quy dinh edn ed ngu dia ly bang ki hieu cua them phin giai thich cac thuit ngudi khiem thirib gdp phin ngii bang ki bieu, eie bai hpc phat trien them vdn ngdn ngii dia ly eiing cd nhirng dieu ki hieu, die biet la cic ki hieu chinh ca ve ndi dung, hinh ve ,eac, luih -vuc khoa hpc va thiic the hien de phii hpp hon phd bien eae ki hieu qui vdi HSKT trinh day hpc d ldp hpc hda 1.3 Bap tgo vd boi duong nhap Dieu n a y s e giiip cho GV ve kien thitc vd ky ndng HSKT hpc tip de ding h a n d dgy hoc Bia ly cho HSKT cic cip hpc cao, ning eao hieu , Dao tao, bdi dudng GV biet, eho cdng ddng ve ngudi ve kien thiie v i ky ning day khiem thinh hpc Dia ly cho HSKT la mdt Xay dung eie phin mem nhiing giii phip bet siic ho tro day hoe dia ly bie quan trpng, cd tinh chit quyet THCS cho HSKT Hien nay, dinh den chit lupng ciing iJiu nhdm can bd nghien eiiu ve hieu qui eiia giao due HSKT, eic giii phip nang cao bieu nen cin phii dupe ehii trpng qua day hpc cho HS khiem De ddn diu nhu ciu thuc tien thinh THCS da xiy dung cie trien khai giao due hda nhap phin mem hd trp day hpe eho v i Cling la giii phip liu dii cic ldp hoc d bac THCS, cie ve ngudn nhin lire eho giao phin mem bao gdm cie phin due HS khuyet tit ndi ehung ehinh: Cie bii hpc Diali theo va giio due HSKT ndi rieng chuong trinh SGK, phin tdm cdn dua mot hpc phdn vi gido tit kien thiic cdt loi ciia bii due hod nhdp vdo chuang hpe, true quan hda, cie npi trinh ddo tao cua ngdnh su dung kien thiic, dilu ehinh pham Dia ly & cdc tru&ng Dai cich viet ndi dung Cie bai hpc su pham vd Cao ddng su pham vdi thdi lupng don vi kiem tra trie nghiem Tir dien cic thuit ngii: Mdi hpc trinh hoae tinchi Trudc phin mem eiia timg ldp thdng mat l i mdt lipc phan tu ebon ke ban ,200 thuit ngii dupe giai v i ed the sau phat trien thich bing kenh chii; hinli iiih, mdt hpe phin bit budc md hmh, video miiih hpa; ki chuang trinh dio tao Hpe phin se giiip eho SV hieu cua ngudi diee , Thu vien hinh inh: eung nam vung cic kien thitc co cip he thong cie hinh inh ve bin v l giio due boa nhip v i ndi dung chuang trinh Dia die b i e t l i ren luyen eic ky ly, GV cd the lira chpn, copy nang thilt ke v i td chire eac dl dung theo each thilt ke boat ddng day hpc Dia ly theo ning lye v i nhu eiu eiia, HS rieng ciia timg bai Cac phin mem dupe thiet Ndi dung hpe phin cin de cap k l d l giing day va hpc tip den cie vin de HS cd nhu ciu mdn Dja ly cho HSKT vdi die biet,, giao due hoa nhip, tinh true quan cao, kit hpp each thiet ke va tien hinh boat nhilu kenh ,tin hieu de dua ddng day hpe hoi nhip va day thdng tin din eho HS, phu hpe Dia ly eho cic ddi tupng III HS ed nhu cau die biet dd cd HSKT Ben eanh giii phip trang bi kien thurc, ky ning eho GV ve day hpe Dia ly eho HSKT d l dip ling rJiu ciu thuc tien hien cin td chire thudng xuyen bdi dudng chuyen mdn ve giio due hoi nhip ndi ehung v i day bpc cho HSKT ndi, rieng eho cic GV dang true tiep day hpc choHSKT Trude niit, tip tnmg bdi dudng GV cdt cin, lim ndng cdt cho cae trudng eac CO sd giao due Hien nay, sd luong GV dupe bdi dudng cdn rit it, inat khac viee bdi dudng ehil yeu dua vio eae dy in trien khai giao due hda nhip bac THCS, pham vi khudn khd eic dy an nen vin mang tinh chit manh miin chua ed sy thdng nhit, ddng bd, c i ve ndi dung, hinh thiic va hieu qui sit dung ngudn nhin lye dupe bdi dudng Ngoai ciing can xiy dyng, phd bien he tiidng tai lieu tham khio ve day hoe dia ly cho HSKT bac THCS dl gilip eho GV khdng ed dilu, kien dupe bdi dudng, tip huin ciing cd the ty tim hieu de khdng ngimg ning cao chat lupng day bpc Dia ly cho HSKT Hien nay, ngudn tai lieu tham khio ve day bpc eho HSKT d bie hpe mim non v i tieu hpe da cd mdt sd tii lieu dupe phd bien song day hpc cho,HS khiem thinh bac THCS hiu nhu chua cd v i day vin l i nhu ciu cap thiet eua c i c G V dang day hpe eho HS khilm thinh bie THCS Ket luan Tilp can da dang day bpc dang la xu the mdi cin dupe quan tim nghien eiiu d Viet Nam Ldp hpe hien khdng edn ddng nhit niia ma cic HS ed sy khie biet Idn v l kha ning,, ngdn ngu me de vi (Xem tiip trang 38) TifiP CHI THIFTBI GIAO DUC-SO 85-9/2012 • 27 II HI/ONGDAN QUAN LI sir DUNG khoin gi ve eieh day mdi me niy Giai phap cho viec "lam" GADT: Dung l i sir dung GADT mit nhieu edng phu that Cd le vi the m i mdt sd trudng d i thyc bien nhung ehi mang tinh hinh thiie va dimg lai d cic tiet hpe thao giing Phai ehing cd nhieu rio cin frong viec ip dyng phuang phip mdi niy? Dd la CO so vit chit hay sy ngai ngimg eiia mdt sd giio vien kbi lam quen vdi eic ky thuit tin hpc de phue vu eho mdi trudng gi,ing day mdi? Trd ngai thii nhit ehimg tdi nghT kbdgiii quyet nhung kbi giii quyet dupe tbi vin de thii hai hoin toan cd the khae phuc dupe Vdi dpi ngii giio vien tin bpc hien ed frong nhi trudng, ehi ein to chiie mdt sd may chieu, thiet lip cie bieu ling frong PowerPoint eho toan the eac giio vien eic bd mdn khac de hp cd the ty minh thiet ke eho minh mdt GADT rieng cho minh Ngoii ra, cic thiy cd giio frong cimg to chuyen mdn nen cd cic budi thao giing de thu nhin nhirng gdp y chin tir nhung ngudi khie, tir dd ning cao chit lupng giing day theo phuong phip mdi Chiing tdi nghT ring, vdi kbi ning su pham vdn cd edng them mdt it bdi dudng ve kien thiie tin hpc, eic giio -yien hoan toan ed the ty thiet ke dupe bii giing dien tir de the hien tdt ban phuong phap su pham, gdp piiin ddi mdi phuang phip giang day Trudng Tieu bpc Doan Thi Diem d i lim dupe dieu tir nhieu nim qua Trong nam budi seminar ve cich su dung hpe 2009 - 2010, trudng d i ed iiiiiiiMiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiniiiiitiiiiiiiiiiiiiiuiiiiiiiiitiiriiiiiiitiriiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiMMiiiiiiiiimiiiiiriiiiiiiiiiiiiiiitiiitiiiiMiiiiiiiiiii iiiijiniiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii sin pham ty lim dupe giii A2 eip Thanh va frong nim hpe niy, dpi ngii giio vien eiia trudng ciing tieh eye ty soan giing v i da tao dupe nhieu Bp hpe lieu dien tit phuc vu eho cdng tie giing day Summary This article explains how to design and use of electronic lesson plans at school primary people Doan Thij Diem Hanoi Highlighted the importance of Information technology in the field of education and training at the same time those obstacles when using electronic lesson plans and requirements to make electronic lesson plans, processes and principles when making electronic lesson plans, solutions for the electronic lesson plans iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiniiiiiitiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii NANG CAO HIEU QUA DAY HOC DIA LY nen vin hda eac em dang Tai lieu tham idiao [1] Nguyen Dupe (Chu thu hudng, ldp hpc se khdng chi CO fre em binh thudng, fre bien) va imk Dia ly NXB khuyet tit, fre ed,hoin cinh Giao due (2003) [2] Phan Huy Xu (Chu bien) khd khin, fre em den tir nhiing nen vin hda khie Xu va nnk Dia ly NXB Giao hudng dang dit ra, nhung due (2004) [3] Dd Mrnh Diic (Chii bien) yeu ciu mdi cho be thdng cic trudng su pham frong vin de va nnk Dia ly NXB Giio dao tao GV, thyc tien lam viec due (2005) [4] David A Stewart, cua GV frong cic nha trudng, he thdng cic frang thiet bj, dd Thomas N Klwin Teaching dimg hpc tip va bd frg bpc tip deaf and hard of hearing cho HS Trong bai viet se students: Content, strategies khdng chi dua cic giii phap and curriculum AUyn & thue tiln cho viec trien khai Bacon.2001 [5] Marshall, D., Cottingham, giio due THCS cho HSKT hien m i de xuit ea nhung C , Healey, M & Gravestock, giai phap eho vin de dio tao, P Providing Learning Support boi dudng GV dip iing dupe for Disabled Students in Higher xu hudng mdi frong giio due, Education, with particular to Geography, eu thi la dao tao, bdi dudng reference Earth and Environmental GV day mdn Dia Ly Sciences: A Selective Annotated • TAP CHI THIFT BI GIAO DUC - SO 85 - 9/2012 (Tiip theo trang 27) Bibliography (2001) Summary In this paper, the authors study and propose the solutions for teaching geography for hearing-impau-ed students in secondary schools The first solution is adjusting teaching process including adjusting teaching objectives , tailoring teaching contents and methods, as well as learning outcomes assessment of hearing impaired students The second solution is building and developing resources and materials to support teaching and leammg geography The third solution is delivering framing courses for teachers in order to improve then knowledge and skills and quality in teaching geography for hearing-impaired students ... Bap tgo vd boi duong nhap Dieu n a y s e giiip cho GV ve kien thitc vd ky ndng HSKT hpc tip de ding h a n d dgy hoc Bia ly cho HSKT cic cip hpc cao, ning eao hieu , Dao tao, bdi dudng GV biet,... giio due hoi nhip ndi ehung v i day bpc cho HSKT ndi, rieng eho cic GV dang true tiep day hpc choHSKT Trude niit, tip tnmg bdi dudng GV cdt cin, lim ndng cdt cho cae trudng eac CO sd giao due Hien... ve day hoe dia ly cho HSKT bac THCS dl gilip eho GV khdng ed dilu, kien dupe bdi dudng, tip huin ciing cd the ty tim hieu de khdng ngimg ning cao chat lupng day bpc Dia ly cho HSKT Hien nay,