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NANG CAO H l i u QUA DAY HOC BAI TAP VAT LJ CHO Hpc SINH C ^ TRirONe TRUNG HOC CaSOMfEN NUI Q ThS L£TH|BiNH PGS TS NGUYEN V A N K H A I Cd thl hllu, bdl t^p vdt If (BTVL) Id mdt vd''''n d l cdn duge gldl[.]
NANG CAO H l i u QUA DAY HOC BAI TAP VAT LJ CHO Hpc SINH C ^ TRirONe TRUNG HOC CaSOMfEN NUI Q ThS.L£TH|BiNH PGS.TS NGUYEN V A N K H A I C d t h l hllu, bdl t^p vdt If (BTVL) Id mdt vd'n d l cdn duge gldl quylt dya K ^ nhOng suy ludn k>glc, cdc thf nghldm vd cdc kiln thue vdt If (VL) (1) BTVL cd m^t vol trd quon trqng hong dqy hqc (DH) mdn VL d trudng phd thdng, nhv: - Glup hqc sinh (HS) ddo sdu, md rdng kiln thOc, cd t h l Id sy khdi ddu d l ddn ddt d i n kiln thdc n>dl; - Ld mdt nhQng phuong tlgn hdu hi^u d l cOng cd', dn tdp kiln Kiuc, rdn luy^n ede kl ndng, kT xdo cho HS, gl6p cdc em bilt vdn dyng kiln thue li Kiuylt vdo thyc hdnh vd gldi quylt cdc vd'n d l cOo thyc Kin; - Phdt Kiln khd ndng Idm vigc dqc tdp, tu sdng too cOa HS Hl§n noy, cdc trudng phd Kidng ndi chung vd Irudng trung hqc co sd (THCS) d mtln nul ndl rling cdn gdp nhllu khd khdn v l ca sd vdt chd't, phuong Kgn dqy hqe (PTDH) Vi vdy, ndng coo hi^u qud DH BTVL d cdc trudng THCS mlln nul Id mdt nhung vdn d l edp thilt cdn duqc quan tdm Khdo sdt DH tql cdc hudng THCS mlln nul Nhdm gdp phdn ndng coo hleu qud DH BTVL, lu ihdng - / 2 , chung tdl dd tiln hdnh khdo sdt y kiln ihdm dd 95 gido vidn (GV) gidng dqy mdn VL vd 500 HS tqi cdc h-udng THCS d mien nOl thudc hoi Hnh Bde Kqn vd Thai Nguyen Kit qud dilu Ko nhu sou: lyc gldl quylt vdn d l cuo HS; - Vi thdi di vd ndng Igc cOa HS: 37% GV cho rdng HS cd hi>ng thu, soy mS hqc tdp Kong cdc gid gidl BTVL; 40% GV cho rdng HS cd tdm li nggl hqc gid BT, it Kiij, soy mg vdl gid gidl BTVL Trong sd HS thu vdl gid BTVL, cd khodng 20% HS cd khd ndng h/ gldl duqc cdc BT GV gloo, 40% HS gldl duqc BT d sdch BT cd sy hudng dSn cuo GV, 15% HS khdng gldl duqc BT du GV dd hudng ddn c^ thl 2} Kit qud phdng vdn HS: - Vi thO hgc tdp: Cd khodng 20% HS thich hqc vd Km hllu cdc kiln thue VL; 80% HS khdng thich hqe mdn VL; • Ve ndng It/c tt/ hgc: 80% HS khdng gldl duqc cdc BT gloo v l nhd; 14% HS Idm duqc hit ede BT sdeh gido khoo, sdch BT Vdl nhiJng BT khd, 7% HS cho rdng, cdn doe kt Iql li thuylt, sou dd suy nghl Km phuemg dn gldl quylt hodc troo ddl, thdo luqn vdl cdc bqn khdc; 52% HS thudng xem hudng dan sdch; 30% HS dyo vdo sy hudng dan cua GV; 20% HS ty ddnh gid khd ndng ty hqc cua minh d muc khd hodc tdt; 48% HS \u ddnh gid bdn thdn cd khd ndng hqc tqp d muc Kung binh; 32% HS tg ddnh gid Id ed lyc hqc yiu Trong phdn phdi chuang trinh DH mdn VL ede trudng THCS hien nay, thdi glon ddnh cho vlec chija cde BTVL Id khdng nhllu, sd tilt VL Id Kit/tudn, rieng khd'l Idp Id tiet/tudn, khdng cd Kit ddnh rieng cho ehua BT; sd Kit dn tdp/1 ndm Id: Idp d: Ket, Idp 7: hit, Idp 8: Ket, Idp 9: tiet nhung d i u d cudi mol ehuong hodc cud'l ki Cdc BT ehu y i u duqc kit hgp vdl cdc glo hqc li thuylt hodc HS tg Idm d nhd, vqy, G V gdp nhilu khd khdn viec Sl) dyng BTVL nhu mdt cdng cy ndng coo chd't luqng DH / ; Ddnh gid cua GV: - Ve mi/c tHu DH: 87% GV cho rdng, myc dich chinh cOo DH BTVL Id ciJng cd', khdc sdu kiln KiOc vd rin luygn kl ndng gidl bdl tqp (BT) eho HS; - Ve li/a ehgn, su dt/ng cde fog/ BTVL- Do so' GV thudng xuyen su dyng BT djnh h'nh (chiem 63%) vd BT djnh lugng (chllm 60%), rd't it GV su dyng BT thi nghlSm vd BT dd thj, 10% GV chua boo gid lya ehqn BT thi nghigm, 15% GV biin soqn cdc BTlheo mdt hS thdng nhdm tdng hgp kiln Kii>c; - Vi cdch tht/c td ehue DH: l^dn kjn Id GV ndu vd'n de, td chi>c cho cd k5rp ' Kboa Giao dvcfaMgl^fc ctf sa • TniiiiiigfiliSP-Bai IHH: Ibai N0i)i«i thdo; ludn nhung chua phdt huy duge hit ndng •" H m VM H - frng kiln ihuc, ddng ihdl, phdt Kiln tu sdng K?o - Tgo khdng hgc tip thdn thiin, khSc phi/c nhung sai Idm tht/dng g^p cOa HS Trong qud Kinh HS gldl ede BTVL, GV cdn chu y d i n nhang quon ni$m hodc sal Idm md HS thudng mdc phdl, tu dd, giup cdc em ty nhdn sol Idm vd Km cdch khdc phyc d l hlnh thdnh kiln thue mdl Ddng thdi, GV cung cdn chu y khol thdc nhung kiln thue dd cd cuo HS vdo qud trinh xdy dyng cdc Knh hud'ng, HS cd t h l vdn dyng kiln thue dd bilt vdo gidl quyet vdn d l ; h> dd, cdc em ed t h l K/ nhdn to sal ldm vd hodn Kii^n tri thue cho minh - To' chi/c cho HS duge trao ddi, thdo ludn hgc tap: Trong tiln trinh DH BTVL, GV Id ngudi td chuc cho HS duqc hgp tdc vdl cdc bgn khdc thdng quo cdc hinh thue thdo ludn nhdm; chudn bj ede phllu hge tdp cho cde hoqt ddng gldl BT, td chuc cho HS gldi quylt vd'n d l , trinh bdy vd bdo v$ y kiln ciia minh trude ldp t h l Qud trinh troo dd'i, thdo lu^n sg glup HS r6n luygn kT ndng giao l l l p , mqnh dgn, tg tin hem vdo bdn thdn - Phdt triin ndng Igc tg kiim tra, ddnh gid cua HS D l ndng coo tinh Kch cyc, chu ddng cua HS, GV edn rin luy^n cho cdc em ndng lyc K/ kllm tra, ddnh gid kit qud hqc ldp cua bdn thdn Khi gldi BTVL, vdl mol cdu trd ldl cuo mlnh, HS cd t h l tg kllm Ko Iqi bdng cdch ddt cdc cdu hdl nhir kit ludn dd phD hqp vdl cdu hdi hay chua?; bllu thi>c, dgl lugng VL vllt da dung chua?; thyc hi$n phip Knh ddng hoy sai, cdn cd cdch khdc ngdn ggn, khoo hqc hon khdng?; hdy Kit) gldi thlch theo mdt cdch khdc? - Sd dt/ng BTVL ede giai dogn cOa qud trinh DH bdt ci> glol dogn ndo cua qud Kinh DH diu cd t h l su dyng BTVL Chdng hqn, hgc bdl mdl, GV su dyng BTVL d l tqo Knh hudng c6 vdn d l , chuyin lllp tu phdn ndy song phdn khdc nhdm phdt huy tinh tich eye, khd ndng \g hqc vd sdng tgo cuo HS BTVL cung Id mdt cdng cy cho HS dn tdp, cung cd kiln thdc vd d^c bl^t hong qud trinh GV kllm Ko ddnh gid kit qud hqc tdp cOa HS 2) Xdy dgng hi thing BTVL ddp ung cde mt/c tiiu DH vd phdt huy tfnh tfch cgc, tg Ige, sdng tgo cOa HS Trudc hit, GV cdn phdn logi vd su dyng BTVL theo cdc myc dfch DH nhu: xdy dgng kiin tht/c mdi; rin luyin vd phdt triin ki ndng (chdng hgn nhu: kT ndng gldl cdc dqng BT eo bdn, kr ndng tu sdng ft;io, khdl qudt hdo vdty d l ) Trong h$ thdng BT, GV cdn chu y xdy dyng ede BT gdn vdi thyc liln mlln nul, gdn gi)l vdi ddl sdng cuo cdc em (chdng hqn, DH phdn Di^n, G V duo cde cdu hdl, BT gdn vdl ede hidn tugng VL, cdc sd li$u Kiyc t l v l vigc su dyng riiuy dl$n mini d mlln nul, dyng cy tigu thy dign d mlln nui nhu i h l ndo Id K^ich hgp) Ddi vdl cdc dgng BT sdng tgo, BT thyc nhigm, HS khdng chi dp dyng mdt cdch mdy mdc cdc cdng ihuc VL md cdn vdn dyng mdl cdch llnh hogt gldl quyll vd'n d l Khi HS Hm duge cdch gldl, cdc em sS tho, soy mg hqc top vd phdt huy duge ndng lye lyc ty hqc 3) Vdn dgr^g cde phuong f^dp dgy hgc (PPDH) tfch cgc vd su dvng PTDH Irong DH BTVL Trong DH, nlu GV ldng cudng Hnh Kyc quan, h?o thd hqc tdp vd ca hql cho HS duge tham gia vdo qud Kinh DH se glup cde em hllu bdl nhonh hon vd ndm vung klai thue Vi vfyy, GV cdn sd dyng phdl hqp gluo cde PPDH Hch cyc (nhu: DH theo nhdm, DH theo gdc, si> dyng bdn dd tu duy, ) vd PTDH Kin Kinh DH BTVL d cdc Klidng THCS mlln nul Ngodi rt, sd dyng mdy vl Knh cd t h l h;io cdc md hinh nhu: hinh ve finh, hinh ddng, phdn mirr^md fhdng, bdn di tu duy, glup HS hleu sdu sdc bdn de^ cOa cdc hi$n tugng VL thoy vi dCing Ic^ dimdtd (Xem tiip trang 27) Tap chi Blao due s6 on a - n/aoia) Trudc nhung ihdch thiic ciia nin KHT hlin nay, vifc gido dye dqo due nghi nghifp eho SV bdo cht cdn phdi cd mdt sd gldi phdp sou: TM lifu t h a m k h i o L Nguyin Th| Trudng Giang D90 dih: ngh4 nghidp n h i blto NXB Chlnh tri qudc gia - Sifth^t, H 2010 1) Cdn tdng eudng hon nCra vifc gido dye dqo Ho&ng Dinh Cdc Nghifin ciJu, t6ng kft ho^l dOng due h-uyin thdng ci3a ddn tde nhu: Idng yiu nude, d&o 190 bfio chf truyin thOng d Vift Nam til- 2000 dfn Hnh thdn hJong thdn tucmg dl, hruyin thdng doan Di tdi cdp bd Hpc vifn B4o chf v i Tuyftn truyfin kit, loo ddng edn eu vd sdng tgo, Hnh thdn hiiu 2010 hqe, Hnh nhdn vdn eho SV thdng quo ede budi A.A.GrabennhicCfp Bdo chf kinh ii t h | trinyng, NXB Thdng tdn, H 2003 sinh hogt chtnh h-j Ph^m Vift Vugng Gilio dye hpc NXB D^i hpc su 2) Ndng coo llnh thdn vd frdch nhlfm eua ddl /7Afim,H.20a8 ngu nhung nhd qudn If vd edn bd gidng dqy Bdl SUMMARY ddi ngu cdn bd gido viin gidng dqy, hq cung Id The ethics of journalism is being effected by the nhijng nhd bdo, cd dnh hudng h-yc Hip, mqnh reverse of the market economy Therefore, the edum i , sdu sdc Irong qud Irinh gido dye ddo h^o cation of professional ethics forjournalism students is nghi nghlip cho SV hifn nay, ddl ngO nhd bdo necessary /oaks of the universities which trains journalism students, for training purposes: the future joumaBst Irong tuong lal tias pure conscience 3) Tdng cudng hon ntja vlic hgc tdp vd Idm theo td'm gucmg dqo due Hd Chf Mlnh, ddc bift nhiJng h/ tudng cua NgudI v i dqo ddc nhd bdo, (Tlip theo trang 50) cdn duge vdn dyng thudng xuyen vd d i cdp mdt edeh thyc hin cdc bdi gidng chi> khdng phdi Id hinh thue Do diiu kifn d miin nul edn g9p nhiiu khd 4} To ehde cho SV bdo chf thom gia nhiiu khdn, CO sd vdt chdt, hang thiif bj DH thiiu thdn, hon cdc phong trdo tinh nguyin, din vdi ndng lye nhdn thue cuo HS, dSc blfl Id HS ddn nhimg vung sdu, vCing khd khdn, viJo Id eg xdt tde cdn cd nhC;ng hqn che; vi vdy, cdc hvdng phd vdi thyc t i cd thi vlit bdl, vCra gdn vdl ddl sdng thdng d mlin nul cdn quon tdm hon nCra tdl viic cuo nhdn ddn dau h/ CO sd v^t ehd't, h-ang thiit bj DH, GV cdn 5} To chuc cdc cugc thl tim hleu v i td'm guong nghiin cuu xdy dyng he thdng BTVL phCl hqp vdi dqo di>c Hd Cht Minh dd'i vdl nghe bdo (cdch HS miin nOi nhdm ndng coo chd't lugng DIH ndl Viet bdi, ^ Hn, nhudn but viit bdo ) eho SV chung vd DH mdn VI ndi riing • bdo in, bdo dnh, bdo hinh 6) To chuc thi fim hliu v i nghifp vy bdo cht (1) Dfi Huong Trk - Ph^m Gia Ph&ch Day hpc b^i t | p (boo gdm tim hleu Ludl Bdo cht, dqo due nghi v$t U d tnrdng phd thdng NXB D^i hqc suphgm, H nghifp nhd IDOO, ddng cdc Heu phdmvi dqo due 2009 nghi nghifp dudi tde dqng cuo KTTT hifn nay, (2) NguySn Van Kh5i - Nguyfin Duy Chifn - Ph?m Thj xu It cdc Hnh hudng nghi nghifp cd t h i gdp phdi Mai Lf lu^n d9y hpc V$t U d trudng phd thdng NXB Gido dvc H 2008 h-CMig h3c nghlip ) T i i lifu tham kh&o Sinh thdi Hd Cht Mlnh tung ndl: «Cdn bq Nguyfin Thanh Hii Nghiin ciiu xdy dymg vd s6 bdo chf cung Id chiin sT cdch mqng Cdy but, d\tng h$ thdng bdi t$p dinh tfnh dgy hrpc cahqc gid'y Id vO sdc ben cuo hq" Do dd, V(i( // 10 trung hQC phd thdng Lujln &n tifn si, D^i vlic gido dye dqo di>e nghi nghifp cho SV Id hQC Huf, 2010 nhlem vy vd eOng quan trqng cuo cdc eo sd ddo SUMMARY hao bdo cht Ngdy noy, Irudc nhiJng h^e ddng mqnh me cOo KTTT, vifc gido dye dqo due nghi BycyicAyi^gthedificiencyofteacNngphy^cciexerclseshrnountahoussecondarysct)ool.th0articlepronghiep cho SV bdo cht Id mdt y i u cdu cdp thiit, ed "^ nghTo thdi sy hon bao gid hit, dd khdng posedttireesolutic»vtoiTpfovelt)eef(k:lencyofteac^ Ing phystoai exercises: Renovattr)g process of teact^ig ehf Id cdng vifc cOo nhd trudng md cdn Id trdch exercises; BuSdIng system ofphyskiaiexercbes to meet nhlfm ci3a nhOng ngudi Idm edng tdc qudn It ttie god of teachlrig;/Opf:^ying methods arxi modem bdo chi • means of leading to teach physlcai^(&cises Nang cao hieu qua day lioc Tap chifilaodue s6 pa a - n/aoiai ... sdt cho thdy, HS mlln nui edn nhilu hqn c h i v l mdt tdm li nhu cdc em edn ryl r6, thilu ly Kn, chua thu vdl mdn hqc vd ehua chu ddng Kong hgc ldp, VI vdy, d l ndng cao chd''t luqng DH BTVL cho. .. K/ nhdn to sal ldm vd hodn Kii^n tri thue cho minh - To'' chi/c cho HS duge trao ddi, thdo ludn hgc tap: Trong tiln trinh DH BTVL, GV Id ngudi td chuc cho HS duqc hgp tdc vdl cdc bgn khdc thdng... cdc bgn khdc thdng quo cdc hinh thue thdo ludn nhdm; chudn bj ede phllu hge tdp cho cde hoqt ddng gldl BT, td chuc cho HS gldi quylt vd''n d l , trinh bdy vd bdo v$ y kiln ciia minh trude ldp t