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MOT SH CACH THirC Td CHITC DAY HOC N H O M HIEU QUA TRONG MON TOAN 6 TIEU HOC Q TS, LE THI THU H U O N G ThS V^ V A N H O A N * M^t frong nhOng yfiu cdu quan trqng cua d|nh hudng ddi mdl phuemg phdp d[.]
MOT SH CACH THirC Td CHITC DAY HOC N H O M HIEU QUA TRONG MON TOAN TIEU HOC Q TS, LE THI THU H U O N G - ThS V^ V A N H O A N * M ^t frong nhOng yfiu cdu quan trqng cua d|nh hudng ddi mdl phuemg phdp dqy hqc mdn Todn t l l u hqe Id gido vlfin (GV) phdl vdn dyng llnh hoqt, phdl hgp hl$u qud cdc hlnh thi>e td chuc dqy hqc khdc nhau: dqy hqc todn ldp, dqy hqc nhdm, dqy hqc cd nhdn, hoqt d^ng ngoql khda, trd chcrl frong hqc tdp, Trong d d , td chi>c dqy hqc nhdm cOng ed t h l duqc tien hdnh theo n h l l u cd'u true da d q n g , phong phu Dqy hqc nhdm (cdn gql Id dqy hqe nqp tde) duqc h l l u Id «mdt hlnh thi/c xd hdl cOa dqy hqc, d d hqc sinh (HS) cua m^t ldp duge chlo thdnh cde nhdm nhd frong khodng thdi gian gldl hqn, m5l nhdm h; lye hodn thdnh ede nhl^m vy hqc tdp trfin co sd phdn cdng vd hqp tdc Idm v l ^ K i t qud Idm v i ^ eua nhdm sou d d duoc frinh bdy vd ddnh gid frudc frjdn Idp" (1) Bdl v l l t gidl thi^u mqt sd kf thudt dqy hqc dOng frong thdo ludn nhdm mdn Todn d Heu hqe Cd'u true V d n g trdn x o a y (Carousel) HS duqe td chuc tndnh vdng frdn ddng tdm vd ngdi ddi difin theo cdp d l h;io d i l u kl^n cho mqt HS cd the troo ddl vdl ede HS khdc frong nhdm (1) Cdch thue tidn hdnh: Budc 1: GV chia nhdm, dat tfin nhdm, yfiu edu HS x i p thdnh vdng frdn ddng tdm vd ngdi ddl difin theo c^p G V td ehu'c d^t tfin eno cdc cdp frong nhdm (Gdu vd Thd; Xanh vd Trdng; ) Bude 2: GV glao nhi^m vy eho ede edp Budc 3: HS thdo luqn cQp ddl, sou mqt thdi glon, GV yfiu cdu m^t vdng frdn (vdng trdn hode vdng trdn ngodl) glCt nguyfin vi frf, vdng trdn cdn Iql xoay sang bfin trdf hodc ben phdl theo nhjp Vi dt/ minh hga: Sou GV dd hlnh thdnh xong phfip tfnh ddu Hen frong Bdng nhdn 3, GV td chijc cho HS hoqt d^ng nhdm theo cd'u trOc Vdng trdn xoay d l hodn thf^n ndt Bdng nhdn Budc 1: Chlo Ic^ thdnh nhdm, mSl nhdm HS; dat tfin (Gdu vd Thd} vd yfiu cdu HS x i p thdnh vdng frdn ddng tdm, ddi dl^n theo cijp # Budc 2: Glao nhi^m vy cho ti>ng cdp thdo luOn, mdl cdp Hm k i t qud phfip tfnh: q j p ! : x » ; X = ; Cdp 2; x - ; x - ; C?p : X - ; x - ; Cdp : X - ; X 10 - Budc 3: HS thdo ludn cdp d d l , sau ph6t, G V yfiu cdu cd djnh vdng trdn frong (nhiJng HS Gdu), vdng frdn ngodl (nhffng HS Thd) dl c h u y i n Idn luqt nhjp, nhjp, nhjp sang phdl N n u vdy, sou nhjp xoay, tdt cd mqi HS Idp d i u tham gla hoql ddng vd hlnh thdnh duqc phfip tfnh cdn Iql cOo Bdng nhdn TO dd, GV tdp hqp tdt cd cdc phfip Knh vd gldi thl^u Bdng nhdn hodn chinh cho HS Ca'u h-uc Hdn hiydt (Snov/ ball) Trong cdu fruc Hdn h^ylt, cdc cdp ddi duqc k i t hqp vdl thdnh cdc nhdm bdn, h> cdc nhdm bd'n Iqi k i t hgp thdnh cdc nhdm tdm nhdm thi/e hl^n nhifim vy hqc tdp G V dua Nhd dd, y k i l n cua mdl cd nhdn cd t h l duge hodn thl^n hon vd th^m chi dl d i n kldn thue mdi HS cung duqc tqo ca hdi rfin luy^n nhi/ng Id" nfing cdn t h i l l khdc bfin cqnh fcr ndng ldng nghe vd chia sfi (2) Cdc/»rf)i}c//^/idn/i:Bu(Sc / : G V ehla Idp thdnh cdc nhdm tdm, glao nhl#m vy vd td chiic cho HS frong mdl nhdm thdo ludn c$p ddl Budc 2: GV yfiu cdu cdp ddl tqo ihdnh nhdm bdn de chia sfi y k i l n vi>a thu duqc h> c nhdm bdn; thdo ludn v l vdn d l mdl GV glao vd rut k i t ludn cudi ciJng Vi dt/ mlnh hga: D l giOp HS hlnh thdnh Ddu hl$u chia hi't cho 2, d Budc 7, GV chlo Idp thdnh cdc nhdm tdm v d Id* chi/c cho cdc nhdm thdo ludn cdp ddl tht/c hlfin cdc phfip Hnh frong phldu hqc tdp: Cdp J: 10 : = ; 21 : = ; : = ; Cdp 2: 12 : = ; : = ; 29 : = ; * Klna Gite dpc ti&i bfc, Tnttng IM boc » plipi - (l9i bpc Thai Ngu^ Tap chi Glao due so (ki i • n/aoia) Cdp 3: : = ; 35 : = ; : = ; Cdp 4: 66: = ; 17: = ; 91 : = Budc 2, yfiu cdu c^p ddl k i t hqp hao thdnh nhdm bd'n d l chlo sfi k i t qud vd tim hifi'u ddc d i l m eOo nhOng sd chlo h i t eho Budc 3, yeu cdu nhdm bdn k^t hqp tqo thdnh nhdm tdm d l chia sfi kfi'l qud thdo ludn d nhdm bdn vd tdng hqp, rut kfi't ludn v l ddu hffiu chta hfi't cho Vdl cdeh thi>c td chi>e theo cd'u trOc «Hdn hjyet" nhu trfin, td't cd HS Idp d i u tq mlnh khdm phd vd rut ddu hl^u ehla h i t cho mdt cdch vung chdc Iren ca sd xem xet ti> n h i l u frudng hqp khdc nhou: ed chO sd tdn cung khdc nhau, cd ed cde sd frong phqm vi vd ngodt phqm vl bdng chia Y k i l n eiia mSi cdp ddl duqc cOng CO vd hodn thl^n hem qua vl§c k i t hqp vdl cdp ddl khdc d l tqo thdnh nhdm bd'n V d cudi cung, y k i l n cua nhdm tdm sou duqc tqo nfin odl hal nhdm bdn cung s3 d d y du hem, khdl qudt hon Cd'u IrOc Ldp ghfip (Jigsaw) Phuemg thiic ldm vlfic ciio cdu fruc ndy Id d l cho moi HS frd thdnh mĐt ôehuyfin g i a " frong llnh Vlfe ndo d d eua chu de vd di hudng ddn, cung edp thdng Hn cho cdc thdnh vien cdn lai (2) Cdeh thtk: tiin hdnh: Budc 1: GV chlo Idp thdnh cdc nhdm nhd, mSl nhdm duqc xem nhu mfit bd frd d i o l ghfip hlnh vd ddnh so eho mol HS frong nhdm ( , , 3, ) Budc 2: Tdl cd cdc thdnh vifin ed cOng so ciia cdc nhdm tdp hqp Iqi tqo thdnh mqt nhdm chuyfin gla Nhdm chuyfin gio thdo ludn nhifim vy duqc gloo (phO hqp vdi ndng li/c euo nhdm) Bt/dc 3: HS quay frd Iql nhdm gdc d l chia sfi nhung gi md nhdm chuyfin gio dd lim h l l u duoc (3) CO nhirng k i l n thiic co bdn v l hinh chu nhdt K i l n thue cuo ede em luc ndy khdng cdn Id nhijng «mdnh ghfip" rdi rqc md trd nfin todn difin, h# thdng vd ddy du hon Cd'u fr6c Btf c6 (Fishbov/I) HS duqc td chiic thdnh hal vdng trdn, vdng trdn frong ngdl thdo ludn vdl vd vdng trdn ngodi ngdl quon sdt hoqt ddng ciia vdng trdn frong d l nhdn xfit, b d sung (2) Cdeh thiJC tidn hdnh: Budc 1: GV chia nhdm, gioo nhi$m vy Budc 2: Yfiu cdu HS thdo ludn theo hlnh thiic cdp ddl Trudc ihdo ludn, HS phdl q u y l t djnh xem al Id A, at Id B hodc al Id G d u , a l Id Thd vd vol trd cua tiing n g u d i Bude 3: GV yfiu cdu HS A (hoy Gdu) - dql di#n cho C0P dl vdo vdng trdn d l frao ddl y k i l n vdl dql dl#n cOa cdc c0p khde NhCrng HS B (hay Thd) cdn Iql se ngdi bfin ngodi vdng frdn vdl khodng cdch viio du d l quon sdt cdng sq cua mlnh, ddng thdi b d sung giup d d edng sy eOa minh n l u cdn thiet VI dt/ mlnh hga: De dqy hqe bdl Nhdn vdl sd ed hai ehu sd, GV duo phfip tfnh 15 x 28 = vd chia Idp thdnh cdc nhdm bdn (cd nhdm bd'n) Budc 2, GV yfiu cdu HS frong moi nhdm thdo ludn vdi nhou rfieo hinh thiic cdp ddi thdi gian ph6t Trudc thdo ludn, mol cdp ddi quyet djnh xem al Id Sdc, al Id Nhim vd quy c^nh nhimg HS Id Sdc se dqi dien eho cdp ddl eiia minh d l bdo cdo Bude 3, h i t thdi gian thdo ludn, yfiu cdu ede HS Sde dl vdo vdng frdn phio frong (4 HS}, quay mdt vdo d l chlo sfi y kien Cdc HS Nhfm cdn Iqi (4 HS) se tqo thdnh mdt vdng frdn phfa ngodl, ngdl sou cdc cdng sy cua minh vdi mdl khodng each viio dO d l quan sdt, ldng nghe ddng thdi b d sung, giup Vidt/ minh hga: Di glup HS cung ed, dn tdp v l Hinh chu nhdt, budc 1, GV ehla Idp thdnh cdc d d edn thiet nhdm bdn (cd nhdm bdn) vd ddnh sd thii ty Vdl vific td chiic hoqt ddng nhdm theo cd'u cho cdc thdnh vlen frong mSl nhdm ( , , 3, 4) fruc Be cd, mdl nhdm (moi b l cd) se dua duqc Budc 2, tdt cd cdc ihdnh vlfin cd cung eon sd n h l l u cdeh thye hien phfip h'nh khdc nhou N h d tfip hqp tao thdnh nhdm chuySn gla (cd nhdm d d , HS khdng chi nhdn thyc duqe edeh thyc hien 8) d l thdo ludn cdc ndi dung sou: + Nhdm 1: nhdn vdi so cd hal chir sd' md cdn duqc rfin luy#n Nfiu ddc d l l m v l y i u td'eqnh cua hlnh chu nhdt; ky ndng ldng nghe, quon sdt, ehla sfi vd d l l n dqt + Nhdm 2: Nfiu ddc d l l m v l y i u t d g d c cua hlnh mdt so vdn d^ bfin cqnh vt?c ndng cao hlfiu qud ehi; nhdt; + Nhdm 3: Nfiu cdng thiie tfnh dl$n tfch Idm viec hqp tdc nhdm ciki hinh chi> nhqt; + Nhdm : Nfiu cdng thiic h'nh Cd'u hrOc Cdu vdng (Rainbow) chu v! hinh cht; nhdi Budc 3, HS quay frd Iqi HS Idm vlfic theo cdc nhdm rifing bifit, mdi nhdm gdc d l chlo sfi y k i l n nhdm duqe d ^ t cho mdt mdu rifing - cdc mdu Nhu vdy, nhd hoqt ddng hqp tdc theo cdu tnic l d p ghfip, tdt cd HS Idp d i u duqe eOng Tap chi Slao due so (fci i • n/aoiai cua Cdu v d n g Sou d d , HS duqe yeu cdu tqo thdnh cdc nhdm mdi - nhdm Cdu vdng md mdl nhdm mdl n d y duqc tqo b d l cdc thdnh vifin (vdi mdl mdu khde nhou) ti> cdc nhdm ban d d u (4) Cdch thik tidn hdnh: Budc /.-GV chlo Idp thdnh cdc nhdm nhd, m5l nhdm duqc ddt cho mdt mdu rifing - d d , vdng, xanh, tfm ) Budc 2: Td chiic eho cdc nhdm (nhdm Xonh, V d n g , Tfm, Dd,, ) thdo ludn mdt nhl§m vy md G V g l a o eho Bude 3: Yfiu cdu HS fr?o thdnh nhdm mdl - nhdm Cdu vdng (mdl nhdm cd thdnh vifin vdl mdl mdu khdc ti> cdc nhdm ban ddu) Birdc : HS chia sfi k i l n ihiie tJm duqe hi nhdm ban ddu vdl cdc thdnh vifin frong nhdm mdl Vi dt/ minh hga: D l d q y hqc Bdi t0p ^ o d n - t.a2) Budc 1, GV chlo Idp thdnh nhdm, ddt Ifin cho cdc nhdm Id Xanh, V d n g , D6, Tfm Budc 2, td chiic cho cdc nhdm thdo ludn ndl dung bdl tdp: «T(nh gid trj cuo b l l u thiic": Nhdm Xanh (421 - 200) x ; 421 - 0 x ; Nhdm Vdng 48 X : ; 48 X (4 : 2); Nhdm Dd: 67 (27 + 10); 67-27+ 10; Nhdm Tim: + : 9; (90 + ) : Budc 3, yfiu cdu ede HS Iqo thdnh nhdm mdl (mdl nhdm cd thdnh vlfin vdl bdn mdu khdc nhau: xanh, d d , vdng, tim) d l chlo sfi k i t qud cOa nhdm mlnh Thdng qua cdu tnjc ndy, cudi cung, mql HS frong k ^ d i u hodn thdnh Bdl tdp m^c du chf phdi ddm nhifim mql y cOa bdl tdp TO d d , HS duqc Cling c d v l quy tdc tfnh gid frj b l l u thiie Cdc cd'u frijc Bd cd, Vdng trdn xoay, Cdu vSng, Hdn tuyet, Ldp ghip d i u Id nhiJng hlnh thtic khdc nhou eOa d q y hqc theo nhdm, duqc t h i l t ldp hi cdc cdp ddl vd phO hqp vdl ddc d l l m tdm sinh If liia hjdl HS H l u hqc D l vdn dyng riidnh cdng cdc cdu true td chiic nhdm ndy, G V cdn ndm vung cdch thiic thyc hi§n, ed ndng lyc Iqp k l hoqch v d td ehO'c tdt, b i l t phdl hqp llnh hoql giOo cdc hlnh thO'c ndl trfin vdl cdc hlnh thiic td chiic d q y hqc khdc frong qud frinh d q y hqc Bfin cqnh d d , bdn thdn HS tham gia vdo qud trinh hqc top theo nhdm cOng cdn cd h l l u iDlIt, duqc luy^n tdp, tham gla tfch cyc, t l l n tcrt thdng thqo v l cdc cdch thiic te ehiie nhdm de hi d d ndng cao hl^u qud vd ehdl lut?ng d q y vd hqe • (1) NguySn VSn CirbTig MOt stf vtfn dfi chung vfi d l l mdl phmmg phdp d^y hpc d trudng trung hpc p h i thdng Dy kn giSo dpc trung hpc phd thOng, 2010 (2) Lfi Thi Thu Huang Dgy ft