si l DONG PHUIING PHAP THAO LOAN NHDM TRONG DAY HOC TAI THDONG GAD DANG NGHE 00 LICH NHA TRANG NHAM PHAT TRIEN NANG LOG CHO NGDOl HOC IS NGUYEN THI THUY WCmG Abstract Group discussion is one of the te[.]
sil DONG PHUIING PHAP THAO LOAN NHDM TRONG DAY HOC TAI THDONG GAD DANG NGHE 00 LICH NHA TRANG NHAM PHAT TRIEN NANG LOG CHO NGDOl HOC IS N G U Y E N THI THUY WCmG- Abstract: Group discussion is one of the teaching methods that lecturers at Nha Trang Tourism College use pnmarily to promote the positive, proactive and creative approach in order to develop the learning capacity of students However, most teachers use teaching methods not effecUvely The main reason for this situation is analyzed clearly, then we propose measures to help teachers effectively implement group discussion method Keywords: Croup discussion: capability of learners T khac va dat eau hdi phan bien; GV danh gia ketqua thao luan eua cacnhdm Ben eanh, nhung ket qua da dupc su dung PPTLN, GV cdn nhdng han ehd'sau: - Hau hetGV chua xac dinh dupe mye tieu can dat sau khlTLN ve cac mat kien thirc, kT nang, thai dp cOng nhu nhiing nang luc can hudng tdi hinh ttianh cho SVtrong qua trinh chuan bj, td chite tiiuc hien cung nhu ket ttiiic TLN;-Venpidung ttiao luan: + Ndidung ttiao luan CO tinh van dechua cao SV chi can nghien edu giao trinh, tai lieu GV eung cap san hoac chl can huy dpng vd'n kinh nghiem vd'n cd la ed the glai quyet duoc; -I- Hau het, G V chua chu y tdi viec cau tmc cac don vj kien tiidc nhddecdttiephan cdng nhiem vy cu thecho tdng SV qua trinh TLN, phat huy nang luc cua mpi SV, tranh hien tuong S V y lai cho mdt vai ban chuan bj cdn nhdng SV khae ngdi ehoi; - Thdi Viec su dung PPTLN day hpc tai gian TLN qua it, da soGV td'chuc cho SV TLN ehitd 3-5 phut eho mdt gid hpc Vdi thdi gian nay, hoat dpng Trudng CfiNDL Nha Trang Dugidday cua GV nhatrudng nam hpc 2014- TLN cua SV chl mang tinh hinh thuc, dd'i phd.Da sd 2015, Chung tdinhan ttiay:-Hau hetGV deu sudung S V ngdi choi, chi mpt vai SV lam viee ttiuc su nen PPTLN cac gidday, vdi tan suat it nhat la 01 lan khdng phat huy dupc nang luc hpp tac cua phan ldn thao luan/1 tiet hpc; - Vechu de va ndi dung TLN: Cd SV dung nhu ban ctiatcua PPTLN la san pham hoat tinh van de ddi vdi SV; Mdt sd G V da giao trudc chu dpng cua nhdm la ket qua ddng gdp cua tdng ttianh de eho SV ehuan bi tn/dc; - Cach chia nhdm; da sd vien, Neu thieu ketqua hoatdpng cua mdttfianhvien G V chia nhdm theo ban SV ngdi hpc, ed hai ban td thi ket qua san pham cua nhdm se khdng day du va 4-6 s y xdp vao mpt nhdm hoae ed GV chia nhdm hoan ttiiwi; - Ngudn tai lieu S V ttiam khao de chuan b\ tiieo td'SV; - Quy trinh TLN; G V deu ttiUc hien dupc ndi dung thao luan: nhat la giao trinh hoac bai cac bude co ban eua quy trinh nhu; neu chu de va giang, SV khdng can phai tim kiem, khai ttiac cac tiidi gian thao iuan; tochuc cho eae nhdm thao luan; to' nguon tai nguyen hpc tap khac nhu Intemet, giao trinh chdc cho cac nhdm bao cao ke'tquatfiao luan; tochdc eho eae nhdm nhan xet phan ttinh bay cua cac nhdm huc hien chu tarong dd'i mdi hoatdpng day hpe ttieo hudng tich hpp eua Bd Lao ddng -Ttiuong binhvaXahdi,ngaytJ'nam2008, Tn/dngCao dang nghe du lich (CBHDL) Nha Trang6aten hanh dd'i mdiphuong phap day hpe (PPDH) theo hudng phat trien nang luc cua ngudi hpc, Giang vien (GV) da tim kie'm vasddyng nhieu PPDH khac nhu: ttiuyet trinh; dat va giai quyet van de; day hpc tinh hudng; day hpc ttieo du an; ttiao luan nhdm (TLN), day hpc d i ^ tren van de nham phat trien nang lyc chosinh vien (SVJ,trongdd,TLNlaPPDH dupe eac GV sd dyng phd bien va tiiudng xuyen nhat Tuy nhien, da sdGV sudyng PPDH cdn mang tinh hinh thde, dd'i phd, chua hieu qua ivldt nhiffig nguyen nhan ehu yeu eua tiiyc trang la nhan tilde eua GV ve phutfng phap (PP) TLN chua day du hoac quy trinh hpthue hien chua hpp li * Truflng Cao dang nghi Ijch Nha Trang 14 Tap chi Gido dye so 369 -(kil-11/2015) ta lieu ttiam khao ; - Thanh lap nhdm ttiao luan: + Chua khoa hpc, m ang tinh hinh ttidc, d a phd (ttieo ban hoc tap); + Khdng phan ro nhdm trudng, ttiu ki va to' chdc cho nhdm frudng, ttiu kt luan phien dieu hanh nhdm ttiao luan nham phatttiwi nang luc lanh dao, tinh ttian trach nhiem cho tdng SV bong nhdm ttidng qua cac lan ttiao luan; - Dieu hanh eac nhdm ttiao luan: nha't la GV dang tn/c tiep day gid hpc dd Vdi each to chuc chua phat huy dupc vai frd cua SV n h i m gdp phan phat ttien nang \iic cho SV; • Khi tung nhdm frinh bay n a dung ttiao luan, GV gpi eac nhdm khac ddng gdp y kien ttii chi cdmptvai SV kha gioi hoat dpng cdn cac SV khac nga nghe mot each ttiy dpng Chinh c^eu da lam anh hudng den ttnh tieh etc, chu dpng, sang tao cua SV, qua khdng phat huy dupc cac nang luc cua SV nhu nang luc chuyen mdn, kha nang trinh bay tnrdc dam ddng, nang luc bao ve chinh kien eua minh ;-Sau eae nhdm trinh bay xong, GV danh gia eho diem GV khdng phat huy nang l i ^ ft/ danh gia cua SV ea kap davcSketquatrinhbaycua mdi nhdm;-GV chua xay dung dupc tieu chi d ^ h gia phan chuan bj va frinh bay cua cac nhdm nen phan danh gia eua G V va SV ddi vdi phan frinh bay cua cac nhdm cdn mang ttnh djnh tinh 2.1.3 De'phat trien cho SV nang liJC chuyen m d a G V v a SV ttiuc hien td't cac yeu cau s a u - l ^ e phia GV:^• Can cuvao muc tteu dao tao dupe cu ttiehoattidng qua mue tieu can datcua cac module/ mdn hpc, lua chpn npi dung frpng tam, co ban; + Xay dung ttianh cac chu de TLN; + Thiet ke ttianh cac cau hdi, bai tap; + Hudng dan SV phuong phap giai quyet;-!-Cung cap tai lieu tham khao;+Tochdc cho SV tunghien cuu giai quye't cac van deGV giao cho d nha ta/dc den Idp; - Vephia S V:T\ch cue tu hpc, fr/ nghien cuu de chiem ffnh ddi ttrpng hpc tap nham phat frien nang luc chuyen mdn (kien ttiuc, kT nang va thai dp) ttidng qua npi dung cac module/ mdn hpc Siidung PPTLN day hpc tai Truong CDNDL Nha Trang nham phat trien nang luc cho ngudi hpc 2.1 Khi chuan bf TLN 2.1.1 Be phat trm cho SV nang kJC tuhgc, ttf /7g'/?Ae/7 CW/, GV va SV ttiuc hien td't cac yeu cau sau: - Vephia GV:+ Hudng dan SV xay dung ke hoach tu hpc;+Xac djnh module d?y hpc, nffldung day Ilpc frpngtam; ndidung TLN;ttiie'tkecau hoi hoac bai tap TLN; + Giao cau hdi hoac bai tap cho SV chuan bj ttudc TLN; + GkS ttiieu giao frinh, tai lieu ttiam khao cho SV va hudng dan SV chuan bj; - Da vdi 51^ sudung tai lieu GVcungcap;tutimdttiuvten hoac khaittiac nguon tai nguyen hpc tap fren Intemet dechuan bj n a dung hpe tap 2J Khi thiic hien TLN 22.1 Dephattrieij cho SV nang luc quan H, lanh dao, GV va SV ttiuc hien tdt eac yeu cau sau: - Ve p/?a G I'.+Phan kSpttianhcac nhdm;+Tdchuc luan phien nhdm tardng va ttiu ki d mdi lan TLN; + Cau fruc npi dung TLN ttianh cac don vj kien ttidc nhd;+Giao nhiem vu cho cac nhdm tiirdng: phan ndi dung TLN cho cae ttianh vien; chi dao, dieu hanh nhdm ttiao luan; nhic nhd, dieu chinh kip ttidi nhdm tivdng khdng hoan ttianh nhiem vy; S V khdng tap frung,chuyhpc tap;-£'d?Vo)''S/'+Phat huy t a da nang lyc ban ttian; + Dam nhan nhiem vy vaedgang hoan ttianh 2.12 Dephattn&i cho SV nang kJC tixduy, nang /ucg^airt/uye^vantfiCGV va SV ttl uc hien tdt eac yeu cau sau;- Vephia GV:+ Xay dyng hethdng cau hdi, bat tap ti/ hoc cd tinh van de vdi mpi SV va giao cho SV tu hpc; b i t budc SV phai hoari vesd lupng vachatlu(;?ig;+Giao nhiem vu,bitbupcSV phai suy nght va tt/dat it nhat mpt cau hdi phan bien cho mdi cau hdi GV giao ve nha; - Vephia Sl^.Tieh cyc huy ddngcacttiaotacti/duydegiaiquyetvande,datcau hoi phan bien (ki 1-11/2015)- 2.1.4 Dephat trien cho SV nang kfc Ung dung cong nghe thdng tin hgc tap, G V va SV thuc hien tdt cac yeu cau sau.- Vephia GV:+ Giao nhiem vy tu hpc bat bupc S V phai khai ttiac tai nguyen hpc taptirenIntemet de giai quyet; + Dpng vien cac nhdm S V hoac ttJng S V (neu cd) sudung !apfc)p de chuan bj bao cao tt^n ldp;+Yeu cau cac nhdm S V sudyng phan mem PowerPoint de ttiiet ke bao cao k ^ q u a TLN ottBn kJp; - Vephia Sl'.-Tich cue, chu ddng ung dung cdng nghetiidng tin ttong tta cdu tai lieu hpc tap dnha;ehuanbibao cao fren Idp 222 Dephat^i^ cho S Vnang lijc hgp tac, chia selin hgc tap, G V va S V thuc hien tdt cac yeu cau sau :-DavdiG V:+ Khi chia nhdm can phan cdng deu SV gioi, kha, binh, yeu ve cac nhom; + To chdc cho S V frong nhdm giup ^d, frao da, chia se lan (gidl - kha giup 6d SV yeu - kem) cung hoan nhiem vy chung; - DavdiSV:+ Tieh cyc, chu ddng ttiam gia TLN; + Khdng ich ki, kieu cang hoac nhutnhat,frrti;san sang chia sevattao ddi kfrih nghiem ian frong quatrinh TLN 22.3 Dd'phat tr^n cho S V nang luc thuyet trinh tnrdc dam dong, GV va SV ttiUc hien tdt C M yeu cau Tap chi Gido dye so 369 15 sau;-£3d?vdl'G^':+To'chdc eho SVtrong nhdm luan phien trinh bay ketqua TLN tiorde ldp; + SV trinh bay ket qua TLN dUtfe chl djnh sau TLN de' mpi SV deu cd y ttidc chuan bi frinh bay ket qua TLN tiUde ldp;-00/i/CTSl/;+Tugiac, tich cyc tiiam gia chuan bi npi dung TLN; + Ludn ehuan bj s i n sang tam the trinh bay ket qua TLN tardc Idp; -i- Co gang hoan nhiem vu dupc nhdm phan cdng huy manh metinh tich cue, dpe lap, sang tao, gua phattrien nang luc cho SV Song fren thuctenhieu G V chua khaittiac he't kha nang cua PPDH nayttong viec phattrien nang luc rigudi hpc Vi vay, ttieo chung tdi, GV can khai tfiac tdi da, hieu qua kha nang cua PPTLN nhim phattri&i eac nang lyc tren choSV • Tai lieu tham khao Nguyen Lang Binh (cliu bien) - D6 Hucmg Tra 2.2.4 bephatMen eho SV nang luc giao tiep, GV Nguyen Phumig Hdng - Cao Thi Thing Day va hoc va SV ttiuc hisi tdt eac yeu cau sau.-0d/Vd;G l^.+Tao tich c u t mdt s^ phutmg p h a p vd kl thuat daiy hoc cac tinh hudng de GV-SV va SV-SV giao tiep vdi NXB Dai hoc Supham, H 2010 mpt each taic tiep hoac gian tiep (tren ldp; qua Tran B^ Hoslnh - Nguyen Dinh Khue - DSo Nhir email)frong quatrinh chuan bicung nhuTLN fren ldp; Trang Ap dung day va hoc tich c u t mfln Toan + Tochifccho G V - SV hoac SV - SV trao dd'i, chia se hoc NXB Dai hoc Supham, H 2003 kinh nghiem; tieh cue phan bien lin frong qua trinh chuan bj cung nhu qua trinh TLN tren Idp; - Da I'dJ'Sl'.CoiTLN la CO hdi de ren luyen nang lue giao ti^ (trinh bay mdt van de; lang nghe y kien cua ban; (Tiep theo tmng 11) bao vequan diem cua minh; ) 2.2.5 Dephat trieh cho S V nang iuc phan bien, VHHD va GD VHHD cho SV hien nay, gdp phan GV va SV ttii/c hien tdt cac yeu cau sau.' - Vephia nang cao chat lupng GD cua nha tnrdng Ngldung.-Jap huanve cac ndidung cua VHHfl; G l/;+ Giao nhiem vu cho SV dat cau hdi phan bien ngayti>khi chuan bj npi dung ft; hpc (it nhat 01 cau - Cach thde thuc hien VHHD trudng dai hpc: hdi/OI cau hdi GV giao h/hpc);-I- Kiem tra chat che Nghien cuu thuc trang VHHD va cae bien phap viec chuan bj cau hdi phan bien d nha cua SV; GD VHHD eho SV giai doan hien lamgt + Khuyen khich, ddng vien; ren luyen cho mpl SV kT van de cd y nghia thuc ttdn quan trpng, gdp phan nang datcau hoi phan bien ddi vdi cac nhdm khac GD nhung tri thdc tuong lai phat trien hai hda ca TLN dtren Idp; + Cho diem khuyen khich dd'ivdi SV ve the chat lan tinh than; pham chatva nang lire datcau hoi phan bien tijy vao chat lupng cau hdi (0,25d; Dd khdng chl la trach nhiem cua nha trudng ma ia 0,5d; 0,75d; d) Cpng ket qua vao ketqua thao trach nhiem chung cua toan xa hpi Vi vay, viec luan cua nhdm; - Vephia SU'.'Tugiac, tich cue lam thue hien, trien khai cac bien phap GD VHHD da nghien cuu, de xua't can duoc tuyen truyen, viec frong sudt qua trinh TLN 2.2.6 Dephat trien cho SV nang luc kieh tra, bien den toan ttie SV cung vdi eae luc lupng GD danh gia, GV va SV thuc hien tdt cae yeu cau sau; de'tao mdi trudng va tac dpng GD thdng nha't giup - Doi vdiG K'+ Tochdc cho SV luan phien kie'm tra, SV hinh VH HD va phattrien nhan each toan danh gia ket qua tu hpe d nha cua SV Irong nhdm dien nham thieh dng vdi xa hdi phat trien va hpl theo cac tieu chi G V xay dung de bao eao vdi G V; nhap hien Q Thul! trang va bien phap giao dye + Td'chuc cho SV cae nhdm danh gia ket qua TLN cua mdi nhdm sau nhdm ddtiinh bay ttieo cae tieu chi; ndi dung trinh bay 7d; phuong phap trinh bay 2d; thc^ gian trinh bay d); + Tochuc cho S V danh gia ket qua tu hpc d nha cua minh tren co sd ket qua TLN; thao luan toan Idp; -D6iv