NGHIEN CIJAJ U LUAN Q THIET KE BAI TAP NGHIEN CIJ(U TRUING HOP TRONG DAY HOC PHAN SINH THAI HOG SINH HOC 12 NHAM PHAT TRIEN NANG Lin; GIAI QUYET VAN BE CUA HOC SINH B&NGTWDATHirr Traill Bai kfc Stf if[.]
NGHIEN CIJAJ U LUAN Q THIET KE BAI TAP NGHIEN CIJ(U TRUING HOP TRONG DAY HOC PHAN SINH THAI HOG - SINH HOC 12 NHAM PHAT TRIEN NANG Lin; GIAI QUYET VAN BE CUA HOC SINH B&NGTWDATHirr Traill Bai kfc Stf ifeMi Mif Tim tit Nghien ctfu trudng tigp Id mdt phuang phdp day tigc dd nguiA hoe ttf Itfc nghiin ctfu mdt tinh hudng thifi:tiinvdgidiquyitedevdndieuatinhhudngddtra.Viviy.sddungbditdpnghiencdu truimg hgptiong dgy hgcphdn Sinh ttidi tigc d trung hgc thdng Id mdt nhdng biin phap phdt trien cdc ndng Itfc ttien chdt cda hgc sinh nhU ning h/e tuhgc ndng Itfc hrjp tdc ddc biit Id ndng Itfc gidi quyet vdn di Bdi vOt de xudt quy trinh thiit ke bdi tdp nghiin cdu tmimg hgp tiong dgy hgc phdn Sinh thdi hge - Sinh hge 12 ntidm phdt triin ndng Itfc gidi quyit vdn di eua hgc sinh Vfn dung quy trinh dd thiet keede dgng bdi tdp nghiin cdu trUimg hr^ tiong dgy hge phdn Sinh thdi hgc - Sinh hge 12 Tdkhda: ThUt ki; bdi tdp nghiin ctfu trudng hgp; Sinh thdi hgc ndng Itfc gidi quyet vdn di (Nhdn bdi ngdy 14/12/2016; Nhdn kit qud phdn Ixfnvd chinh sda ngdy 05/01/2017; Duyit ddng ngdy 25/02/2017) ^.0itvin6i Giio due djnh hudng ning lye nhim myc tieu phat triln ning lye cfla r>gudi hoc die b i l t ehu trpng kl n i r ^ vin dyng tri thfle v i o thye t i f n nhim chuin bi cho ngucri hpc cd ning iyc gili quylt duac d c tinh hudng cfla cudc sdng v i nghf nghifp Ning lyc ndi chung va riing Iyc giii quyft van di (NLGQVO) cua hpc sinh (HS) ndi rifng ehu y ^ dupe hlnh thinh qua hoat ddng hpc tip Hf thdng b l i t i p (BT) djnh hudng phit triln ning lUc ehinh II cdng ey d i n d i t HS hogt ddng hpc t i p v i l i cdng cy d l giio vifn (GV) cflng cd, dn t i p ; kiem tra v i dinh g i i ning lye cfla HS [1] Bii t i p nghifn cflu trudng hpp (BTNCTH) II mdt dang BT phit triln NLGQVO cfla HS, d i y I I dgng BTyfu d u nguiri hpe t y lye nghifn cflu mdt trudng hop thye tifn v l gili quylt d c v i n d l cfla tinh hudng dd Sinh thai hpe la mdt nhflng mdn hpc co sd cilia Sinh hpe nghifn cflU v l ntdi quan hf tuong t i c gifla sinh vft vdi sinh vft v i gifla sinh v i t vdi mdi truimg tdn tgi cfla nd d nhflng mflc dp td chflc khic nhau, tfl d t h i , quin thf d f n quin x i sinh vat v i hf sinh t h i i [2] Sinh thii hpc l i n>dn khoa hpc thye nghiem chit die Cic nguyfn If sinh t h i i hpc l i co sd khoa hpc eua d c v i n d l mdi trudng v i gili phip bio vf mdi truimg Nhflng nghifn cdu truimg hop tiong Sinh t b i i hpc nhu: Cic thi nghifm thuc dia, sfldur>g d c n g u y ^ li sinh thai hpc vao giii quyft nhflng v i n di mdi trUdng I i nhflng tu lifu thyc tiln bd ich d l xiy dung BTNCTW dgy hpc Sinh thii hpc d trung hpc phd thdng (THPT) N i n g Iflc g i i i q u y l t vin 64 NLGQVO l i ning d nhin sfl dyng hifu qui cdc qui trinh nhln thde hinh ddng v l thii dp, ildng ca xue d m d l gili quydt nhflng tinh hudrtg vin de m i d dd khdng d sSn quy trinh thfl tyc gili phip thdog thudng [3] VI viy, d u true NLGQVD phit trien d HS bao gdm thinh td sau: - Ning luc phit hifn v i l i m rd v f n df, bao gdm: Phan tieh tinh hudr>g, phit hifn v i n d l v i d i l n dat v i n df - Ning lyc d l xuat d c giii phip: Thu t h i p thdng tin, xfl If (ket ndi, lya chpn, sip xip-.) thdng tin, de xuit ducrc gili phip gili quylt van de (GQVD) - Ning luc lya chpn gili p h i p v i triln khai giii phip GQVO, bao gdm: Lya chpn giii phip phu hc^, lip k l hogch GQVO v i thyc hifn k l hogch - Ning lyc dinh g i i v i v i n dung, bao gdm: Giim sit dupe t o i n bd k l hogeh v l lam chfl dupe k l hogch, cd sy d i l u ehinh cho hpp If va nhln sU phu hc^ hay khdrig phu hpp efla gili phip; v i n dung tiong tinh hudng miA [3] B^i tap nghifn culu tnldrtg hop day hpc p h i n Sinh t h f i hpc - Sinh hpc 12 3.1 Khii niim bil tip nghiin edu trtOng ftpp Nghifn cflu tniimg hpp la mdt phucmg p h i p dgy hpc tiong dd ngU^N hpc tu iyc rkghien cflu mdt tinh hudng thuc t i f n va giii quyet d c v i n de cua tinh hudng d i t ra, hinh thfle l i m vifc chu yeu la hoat ddng nhdm [4} BTNCTH day hoe Ii dang b i i tap df d p den mdt tinh hudng tfl thfle t i f n cudc sdng, tinh hudng dd d i xiy hoge ed t h i xiy tiong thyc tien; nhflng tinh hudng dd chfla dyng van d l d n giii q u y l t De giii quyet cac van d l ddi hdi ed nhflng quylt djnh dya trfn CO sd lap lugn Vi viy, r>gudi hpe d n van dyng cd phdi hop kiln thfle ki nang v i t h i i dp vao vifc GQVD nhfltig tinh hudng cu t h i Myc dich cdt ldi eua BTNCTH la d l phat triln nang luc eua ngUiri hpc die b i l t l i NLGQVD Ngucri hpc nhfn thfle dUOe d e v i n de tiong thf gidi hien thyc ed the duoe giii quyft bing eie bien phap khic Stil37-11UNG2AI17>83 Q NGHllN COU U LUAN J Ciu trie cda bil tip rtghiin cdU trUtmg Iiap khoa (SGK), chu trgng xic innh muc tiiu vi phit tr dgy hgc phin Sinh thdi hge - Sinh hgc 12 NLGQVD cua HS dii Oi Cau true cfla BTNCTH gdm d e thinh phin sau: GV xie ifinh muc t i f u hpc t i p cy t h i v l kiln thfle ning v i t h i i cfla chfl d l Trin cO sd dd, xic iljnh m (1) Tieu de: Tifu d l v l trUimg hop nghien cflu (2) Phan md t i trfldng hop: Truimg hop d n dugc tifu phat triln NLGQVD cua HS thdng qua d c vin i md t l rd ring v i d n thue hifn cic chflc ning If Iuin dgy trpng t i m v l g i n vdi thye t i l n cua chfl di hpc nhU: TrUdng hop d n chfla dyng van d l v i cd t h i Bade 2: Phin tfch nil dung cda chi de dSGK, ed xung dot, trudng hpp can cd nhilu d c h gili quylt; Olnh via di trgng tim di thiit iti BTNCTH trudng hpp can tgo cho ngUdi hpc cd t h f trinh biy theo GV nghien cflu ndi dung d l xie djnh thinh ph< d c h nhin cOa minh; truimg hpp d n vfla sfle ngudi hpc kiln thfle trpng t i m eua chfl d l (khli nilm hay qui trin cd t h i giii quylt trfn CO sd v i n dung kiln thfle va kT quy luit hay hpc thuylt) N l u I i kifn thfle khii nifm cJ ning cfla hp xic djnh n f i h i m v i ngogi difn; n l u 11 kiln t h i ^ qi (3) Phan nhifm vy cfla ngUin' hpc Diy chi'nh l i trlnh d n phin tfch cO c h l ; n l u I i kifn thfle quy l u i t d hf thdng d u hdi nguiri hpc d n t r i Idi nghifn cflu xic djnh b i n chit quy Iuit Myc t l l u cfla GV klii xj truimg hop Cic ciu hdi can rd ring, vfla sfle v i nhim dat dyng mpt BTNCTH l i giup HS v i n dyng eic khli nifm t phin tich d c tinh hudng thyc t i l n v i dUa d c h thi mue t i l u b l i hpe [4] 3.3 Cdc dgng bdi tip nghiin cdu tn/dng hop gili quylt Vi viy, vile xic djnh v i phin tfch ndi dun trpng t i m cfla chfl de d l I i m co sd cho vlfc xle dinh vl dgy hge phin Sinh thii hgc - Sinh hgc 12 Can cfl vio mye tifu phat triln NLGQVO cho HS d i dft cua BTNCTH l i rft d n thilt thdng qua dgy hpe hoe phin Sinh t h i i hpc - Sinh hpc 12, BUdc 3: Nghiin edu vin dS, tftu th^p vi Itfa di ed t h i ed eie dang BTNCTH sau: ddlliu - Dgng BTxdc dinh vdn di Trong dgng BT niy HS Sau xic djnh v i n df d$t cfla BTNCTH, G hpc cich xle djnh xem van de gl I n chfla trflimg nghifn cflu vfn di v i thu t h i p d c dfl Iifu thfch hyj hcfp da cho Thdng tin trUdng hpp d i cho l i nhifu, d n thilt tfl cic ngudn nhU sich, bio, tgp ehf chuyii ddcd d thdng tin nhilu; v i n de chua dupe nfu rd, nginh, d e trang web v l khoa hpc sinh hpe gllo dyc HS d n phit hifn eie vfn de an Sau xle (Jnh dupc Trong phin Sinh t h i i hpc nhfltig nghifn cflu trudng hpi v i n d l mdi tim phuong i n giii quylt v f n d l , thUc hifn thyc nhU: Cic thi nghifm sinh t h i i hpc (thf nghifm tin phuong i n d l chpn, dinh g i i v i n d l hllu v l i n h hudng efla loii Uu t h i ; thf nghifm vf chi - Dang BT thu thdp thdng tin: Trong dgng BT niy, trinh dinh dudng d rimg thyc nghifm, thi nghifm w thdng tin ehUa dupc dUa diy du md t l truimg quan hf cgnh tranh cfla hai loii trung cd, ); hlfn tupni hpp, HS hpc d e h ty thu thfp thdng tin cho vifc GQVO khuleh dgi sinh hpc cfla d c chit hda hpc ddc hgi tron; Trin CO sd dd, HS d n tim d e phUcmg i n gili quylt v i mdi trudng nhfl DDT, metyl thuy ngin d c hf sinj thii ; q u i trinh dien t h i sinh t h i i ty nhifn hay di quyft dinh phuang i n GQVD phu h i ^ - Dgng BTgidI quyit vdn di: Trong dgng BT niy HS t i c ddng cfla ngudi; nhflng nghifn cflu v l d nhiln hpe d c h giii quylt mot v i n d l d i dupe n l u rd mdi trudng, l i ngudn tU lifu di xiy dflng BTNCTH W trudng hpp Thdng tin tnjimg hop da cho dflpc ehilu vdi myc t i l u hpe t f p d budc v i n f l dung tr^nt eung d p diy du, HS d n tim d e phupng i n glii quylt t i m d bude 2, GV lya chpn d c thdng tin cd t h i mi hda thinh BTNCTH tfng vdi d c khiu cfla q u i trinh dg] v i quylt dmh phucmg i n GQVD phu hpp - Dgng BTddnh gid: Trong dgng BT niy HS hpe d c h hpe Oiy ehfnh l i ngudn dfl Iifu "thd" di xiy dyng cli dinh gii, p h i phin hay ddng tinh vdi phuong i n da dUpc BTNCTH phit triln NLGQVO d bUde dua Odi vdi dgng BT niy, van d f dua da ro ring, Bddc 4: VIA BTNCTH, biin tip vi xem xit ^ thdng tin eung elp day dfl, phuang i n glii quyft cung BTNCTH da duoc dua Ngudi hpc dinh g i i phucmg i n gili quyet Trfn eo sd ngudn dfl Iifu d i dupe chpn Ipe d bdd dd, phe phin hay ddng tinh, giii thieh d c h dinh g i l cfla 3, GV sip xfp d e dfl lifu v i viet b i n thio v l BTNCTH mlnh Ngudi hpc cd t h i tim phuang In khie thay t h i [4] bao gdm: Tuy nhifn, sfl phin chia eic dgng BT nhU trfn chl - Td chflc t i i Iifu v i cic ghi chip mang ttnh chit tuang ddi, theo mfle rfn luyfn - Xic djnh tinh hudng hay sy kifn zSn xiy dyng NLGQVD cd t h i kit hop cic dgng BT nfu trfn Ngoii - Chuin bj mdt d l cuong tinh hudng (cd till di/f ra, d n efl v i o myc dfeh cfla If iuin dgy hpc cd t h i cd dang b i n dd tuduy) dgng BTNCTH dupe sfl dung khiu nghiin cflu t i i - Vift b i n thio v l BTNCTH, gdm cd bdn phin sau: lifu rf\iA hofc dang BT7JCTH duoc sfl dung khiu + D i t tifu d l : Dya vio v i n di trpng t i m cfla tln^ dn t i p hoin thifn kiln thfle hay dgng BTNCTH dupe sfl hudng v i cin cfl v i o myc tifu hpc t$p, GV d i t tifu H dung khiu kilm tra dinh g i i phfl hpp.Tif u d l cd t h i l i mdt d u hdi, mdt d u d m thin Quy tilnh thUt k l b i i t^p nghifn cfliu trudng mdt cum tfl cd dpng eho t h i hifn dflpc mdt vin * hpp day hpc p h i n Sinh thjii hpc - Sinh hpc 12 If thuylt hay thyc t i l n h i p d i n , hay m f t tinh hudng mh n h i m p h i t tiien ning lUc g i i i quyA v i n d f cfla hpc sinh thuin, kfch thfch hflhg thfl nhln thfle cfla HS Qua nghien cflu co sd ii luin v l thue tifn, chflng tdi + Vilt phin md t i trudng hpp: GV xfl If thdng tin [7] U.S Geological Sutvey, (2015), NAS Nonindigenous /Aquatic Species, http://nas.er.usgs.gov/ taxgroup/mollusks/zebramussel/ [8] Cary Institute of Ecosystem Studies, (2016), Hudson River Ecology, http://vtfww.earyinstitute.org/ edueators/teaching-materials/changlng-hudsonproject/ ecosystems-aetion-population-community-dy nami-3 [9] Ministry of the Environment, Japan, (2010), Lessons from Minamata Disease and Mercury Management in Japan, Environmental Health and Safety Division, Environmental Health Department, https://www env go.jp/chemi/tmms/pr-m/mat01/en_full.pdf [10] Nation Park Service , Yellowstone National Park TAILICUTHAMKHAO [11] William J Ripple - Robert L Besehta, (2011), [1 ] Bd Gilo dyc v i Oio tao - Vy Giio due Trung hpc (2014), Dgy hgc vd kiim tra ddnh gid kit qud hgc tdp theo Trophic cascades in Yetlowstone:ThefirstIS years after wolf (JJn/i hudng phdt trien ndng Itfc hge sinh mdn Sinh hge edp reintroduction Biological Conservation http://www.cof Tmng hpc phd thdng, Tii Iifu t i p huln Chucmg trinh Phit orst.edu/leopoid/papers/RippIe8esehtaYeHowstone_ trifn Gilo duc trung hpc H i Ndi BioConserv.pdf [12] Vfl Vin Vy (Tdng chu biln), (2006), Sinh hge 12 (2) Vu Tmng Tang (2004), Bdi tdp Sinh thdi hoe NXB Gilo duc Sich giio khoa, NXB Gilo dyc oi tnfdc 2000 den 2006 Ripple v i Besehta thu t h i p dupc tiinh b i y Hinh [11 ] Nhiem vy: 1/ Phin tfch d c dfl tifu tiong cic dd thj d hinh A hinh 3.B v i hlnh 3.C d l If giii tgi Cyc Ddng v i t hoang da cua MT d i cho nhap khiu mdt sd lUpng sdi x i m vio r i ^ qudc gia niy? 2/ Tgi ndi: Sy trd Igi cfla sdi x i m giup cho vifc khdiphycda dgng sinh hpcdrtmg qudc gia Yellowstone? 3/Tgi ndi: Nhd mdi quan h i gifla eon mdi vat dfl '(-> v i t dfl 2, thifn nhifn d l xic lap nfn hifn tflpng d n bing sinh thii? 4/ Qua nghifn cflU trudng hpp trfn, eon nguiri rflt t)ii hpc gi? ket luan Qua righiln cflu co sd li lufn v i thfle tien giang dgy, chung tdi nhin thiy vile sfldyng BTNCTH dgy hpe hpc phin Sinh that hpc I i mdt nhflng biln phip day hpc khdng nhflng phit triln dflpc NLGQVO efla HS ml cdn phit triln duge ning lyc sing tao, nang lye hpp tie, ning lUe ty hpc g i n li Iuin viA thyc tiln Die bift, thdng qua vifc nghifn cflU tinh hudng thUe HS bilt van dung kiln thfle ki ning hpc duoc d l giii quyft d c v i n d l mdi trudng, tfl dd ed dupe nhln thfle v i hinh ddng dung bio vf mdi trudng Nim vflng ki thuit xiy dyng BTNCTH day hpc phin Sinh t h i i hpc - Sinh hoc 12 I i rit d n thilt, giflp GV v i n dung v i o q u i trinh day hpc gdp phin phit trien NLGQVD eOa HS, d i p flng dupe dinh hudng ddi miA phucmg phip day v i hpe Sinh hpc d phd thdng hifn DESIGNING CASE-STUDY EXERCISES IN TEACHING ECOLOGY SECTION - BIOLOGY GRADE 12 IN ORDER TO DEVELOP STUDENTS' PROBLEM - SOLVING COMPETENCY Dang Thi Da Thuy Hue University of Education Emalh dangdathuy@gmall.com Abstract Doing case- study as a teaching method in which students ean self-study a real situation and solve that situation Therefore, using exercises of case studies in teaching Ecology seaion at High School is a measure to develo students'key competencies such as competencies of self-learning, collaboration, especially problem-solving competenc The paper proposes process to design case-study exercises in teaching Ecology seaion - Biology grade 12 In order develop students' pmblemsotving competency Process to design case-study exercises will tie applied into teachin Ec(A>gy section - Biology grade 12 Keywords: Design; case-study exercises; Ecology; problem - solving competency Stil37-THiUlG2m7.87 ... dgy hge phin Sinh thii hgc - Sinh hgc 12 Can cfl vio mye tifu phat triln NLGQVO cho HS d i dft cua BTNCTH l i rft d n thilt thdng qua dgy hpe hoe phin Sinh t h i i hpc - Sinh hpc 12, BUdc 3: Nghiin... cCru trudng h ^ day hoc chiii d l "HI ''sinh t h i l '' , p h i n Sinh t h i i hpc Slnhhpc12 Vin dyng quy trinh trfn, chu d l *Hf sinh t h i i '' - Sinh hpc 12, cd t h i thilt k l nhilu BTNCTH, chung... hpp day hpc p h i n Sinh thjii hpc - Sinh hpc 12 If thuylt hay thyc t i l n h i p d i n , hay m f t tinh hudng mh n h i m p h i t tiien ning lUc g i i i quyA v i n d f cfla hpc sinh thuin, kfch