BtJC TRANH TONG THE VE CHAT LUdNG NHAN LlJC DONG TAU HAI PHONG SAU TAI CO CAU Hodng Thi Thdy Phuang Trucmg Dgi hgc Hdng hdi Viet Nam Email hoangphuongBl 11981 @gmaii com Ngdy nhdn bdi 10/5/2018 Ngdy P[.]
BtJC TRANH TONG THE VE CHAT LUdNG NHAN LlJC DONG TAU HAI PHONG SAU TAI CO CAU Hodng Thi Thdy Phuang Trucmg Dgi hgc Hdng hdi Viet Nam Email: hoangphuongBl 11981 @gmaii com Ngdy nhdn bdi: 10/5/2018 Ngdy PB ddnh gid: 16/5/2018 Ngdy duyet ddng: 18/5/2018 TOM TAT Ddng tdu vira frai qua qua tiinh tai ca cau manh me frong toan nganh Hai Phong dupe xac dinh la tiung tara ddng tdu cua cd nude ciing khdng ngoai Id frong xu hudng tidn De tdn tai va phdt frien dugc frong giai doan khd khan hien budc cae doanh nghiep dong tdu phai nang cao chat lupng nhdn lyc cua minh Trdn eo sd dieu fra, khao sat thu thdp y kidn tir 26 doanh nghidp ddng tau tidn dia ban Hdi Phong vd ede chuyen gia tiong nganh ddng tdu, bai viet cho thay viec nghien etiu chdt lugng nhan lyc hidn tiong cae doanh nghiep dong tau Hai Phong khdng nhiing rat edn thiet ma dd se la co so cho eac giai phap phat tiidn nhdn lyc hien Tuy nhidn, dd ndng cao ehdt lugng nhdn lye, ddi hdi phai cd sy nd lyc cua ban than nhan lye dd, sy hd trg dae lyc tir cdc doanh nghidp dong tau Hdi Phong vd su trg giiip ctia Nha nudc Tir khda: chdt lugng nhan lyc, ddng tau Hai Phong, tai eo eau AN OVERVIEW OF SHIPBUILDING HUMAN RESOURCES IN HAI PHONG AFFTER RETRUCTURING ABSTRACT Shipbuilding industry has undergone strong restructuring Hai Phong, being determined as the shipbuilding center ofthe country, is not an exception of this trend In order to survive and thrive during this difficult period, shipbuilding companies are now being forced to inprove their human resource quality Based on the survey questionnaire conducted in 26 shipbuilding enterprises in Hai Phong and with experts in the indusfry, this paper reveals the need to study human resource quality in Hai Phong shipbuilding companies This would be fundamental to find solutions to the workforce developraent However, the iraproveraent of human resources quality requires great efforts from laborers, stiong supports from enterprises and the government Key words: quality of human resources, Haiphong shipbuilding industiy, restructuring TAP CHI KHOA HQC, So 28, thang 5/2018 15 DAT VAN DE Chdt lugng nhdn lyc dang dan chimg td vai tio eua no tiong vide tao loi the eanh tianh giua cac doanh nghiep (DN) Dac biet Id ddi vdi ede doanh nghidp ddng tau vira tiai qua mdt cugc khung hoang nang nd bupc Nha nuoc phai tai ca cau toan nganh Sau tai eo cau, budc ddu ede doanh nghidp ddng tau da cd nhimg chuyen bien ddng kd nhu da cd don hdng, ed doanh thu, san lugng nhidn vdn cdn rdt nhidu khd khan va thach thiic Tdng sd lao ddng cd vide Idm la 11.800 nguai, np luang uac khoang 93 ti ddng, np bdo hiera xd hdi, bdo hiera y te, bao hiem thdt nghidp khoang 80 ti dong [2] Vide nghidn ciiu thyc frang chdt lupng nhdn lyc hidn ede doanh nghiep ddng tau Hai Phdng nham giiip eho cdc doanh nghidp ed dugc dinh hudng dting dan tiong viec phat tridn nhdn lyc, gop phdn vao sy phat trien ben vung cua doanh nghidp ddng tdu Hdi Phdng Trong bai viet tae gia sii dyng phuang phap nghien eiiu dinh tinh kdt hgp phuong phap nghien eiiu qua bang hoi, phuong phdp chuyen gia dd ddnh gia van de * Khai nidm ve nhan lire va chat lu-gng nhan luc Nhdn luc cua mgt td chuc Id todn bg cdc cd nhdn cita to chuc co vai tro khdc vd duac lien kit v&i theo nhirng mue tieu nhdt dinh hogc co thi huy dgng duge nhdm thuc hien cdc muc tiiu di ra.flj Chdt lugng nhdn luc Id tap hgp cdc yeu to vi trinh chuyin mon nghiip vu, ndng luc qudn ly, dgo due nghi nghiip vd tdc phong ldm viee cita nhdn lue.flj Chdt luong nhdn luc ddng tau ciing dugc Iudng theo tap hgp cac ydu td tren THV*C TRANG CHAT LU'gfNG NHAN L u ' e NGANH DONG TAU Ngdnh edng n ^ e p dong tau Viet Nam 16 I TRITCKNG DAI HQC HAI PHONG noi ehung vd nganh cdng nghiep dong tau Hai Phdng ndi rieng van cdn ehiu dnh huong nang nk cua cugc khung hodng tai ehinh va suy thoai kuih td ihd gidi Sau tai co edu, dong tau Hai Phong tir chd cd tidn 50 doanh nghiep hien chi cdn lai 26 doanh n ^ e p boat ddng [4] Ngoai radt sd it doanh nghi?p nhu Cong ty co phdn dong tdu Sdng Cdm va DN ddng tau thudc Bp qudc phong ludn tri dugc san xuat dn djnh, cd eae chi tidu ve gia tii san xudt cong n ^ e p , doanh thu, lgi nhudn, ndp ngdn saeh, thu nhip eua ngucri lao dgng ludn tang trudng, nam sau eao ban nam tiiroc; lai hdu hdt cac doanh nghidp dong tau o ttong tmh tiBng Ihieu don hang Cdc ehu tau dimg, buy cdc hgp ddng va siia chUa tau da ky ddn den Ihih hinh sdn xudt, Idnh doanh va ddu tu eiia nganh edng nghiep dong va sua chiia tau, va vide lam cua ngudi lao ddng tiep tue ddi mat vdi nhieu khd khan, thach Ihiie Hien nay, Tdng edng ty Cdng n ^ e p tau thiiy (SBIC) vd cac doanh nghidp thupc nganh dong tau khu vye Hai Phong dang no luc cimg cd, tri giii viing san xuat, tidp tuc tdi ca cau toan didn vd mo hinh td chiic, ve tai chinh, ve ddu ta de timg budc khdc phyc khd khdn hudng tdi phdt tridn lau dai, ben vung ban [3] De CO danh gia khach quan, ehinh xac vd chdt lugng nhan lyc tiong doanh nghiep ddng tau Hdi Phong, nam 2017, tac gia da tidn hanh mpt cupc khdo sat tai doanh nghiep thdng qua phdng van trye tidp va lay y kidn chuydn gia Kdt qua cupc khao sat da thu dugc y kidn phan bdi tir 250 nha qudn ly vd chuyen gia co lien quan tdi ddng tau va 300 nhan vidn, cdng nhdn dang lam viec tai cac phdng ban, phan xuong tai cac doanh nghiep ddng tau Hai Phong Phidu khao sat ehia lam loai: phieu khdo sdt chat lupng dpi ngii qudn Iy va phieu khdo sdt ehat lugng ddi ngu lao dpng Ket qud sd phieu thu vd nhu sau: Bdng Co* cdu cdc phan tir miu dieu tra Thu vS TT Cff cau cac phan tir mau dieu tra Phat Solnwng Ty 16 % I Doi ngfl quan ly 250 220 88 Quan tri cap cao 50 42 84 Quan tri cdp trung 100 86 86 Quan tri cap ca sa 100 92 92 n Dgi ngii lao dong 300 248 82,6 Lao ddng cliuyen m6n nghiep vu 100 72 72,0 Lao dong true tiep san xuat 200 176 88 eo thdng ke eua ldc gid Cae doanh nghiep khdo sat la eae doanh nghiep ddng tdu ldn tai Hai Phdng (47% so phidu phat tai cac doanh nghidp dong tau thudc SBIC ( Sdng Cam, Bach Dang, Pha Rimg, Nam Trieu), gdn 30% cac doanh nghidp thupc Bd Qudc phdng (Hdng Ha, X46,189) va chi ed 14% sd phidu didu tia phat tai cac doanh nghiep dong tau vira va nho edn lai Sd di phdn Idn so phidu didu tra duge phat tai eac doanh nghidp thupc SBIC vi ddy vdn la nhirng doanh nghiep eo quy md ldn, so lupng nhan lyc dong Tac gid danh gia chdt lugng cua nhan lyc dong tau Hai Phong thdng qua chat lupng dpi ngii quan ly va chat lugng dpi ngii lao dpng Cu the nhu sau: 2.1 Chat luang dgi ngii qudn ly (DNQL) Chat lupng cua dpi ngii quan Iy dupe phdn anh thdng qua tiinh chuyen mdn, kidn thiie, ky nang qudn tti va ratio dp hidu bidt vd radi trudng kinh doanh hay nganh nghd ITnh vyc cd lien quan Thie nhdt, ve tiinh dp chuydn radn Bang Thong kd trinh chuyen mon cua DNQL cac doanh nghiep ddng tau Hai Phong nam 2017 LDQL TT C6ng ty DH, Trto DH Cao ddng Trung cdp Tong cong ty cong nghiep tau thiiy 192 14 Cac cong ty thuoc Bg Quoc phong 135 11 Cong ty lien doanh 92 13 Cac doanh nghiep tu nhan 131 38 550 76 T6ng Nguon: Tong hgp ldi lieu cua cdc edng ty TAP CHi KHOA HQC, S6 28, thang 5/2018 I 17 ddn 72% phidu tta ldi cho didm tu ttd lea Didu eho thay cdc kidn thuc khao sat ndy kha cdn thiet doi vdi dpi ngii qudn ly Nhung dpi ngu quan ly tai cac doanh nghiep lai cho rdng hp chua dap iing ddy du cdc ki6n thiie Cy thd miic dap iing cae kien thirc rdt thdp tii 3,13 didm ddn 3,96 digm, Cd thd tiidy hdu bet DNQL tiong cae doanh ngbiep ddu cd trinh dp dai hge, ttdn dai hpe la chu yeu va khdng ed trinh dp trung cdp Khi dugc yeu eau cho diem tir (khdng quan ttpng) - (rdt quan ttpng) cho sy cdn thidt ciia timg kidn thiic khdo sat ddi vdi ddi ngij qudn ly ttong doanh nghiep, cd Bang Nhirng ld4n thirc can thiit vdi DNQL * doanh nghiep dong tdu TT Nhirng Iden thirc can thiet Diem trung hinh Diem trung hinh mih: quan mirc ddp img Kien thuc chuyen mon 4,86 3,44 Ngoai ngu, tin hpc 3,77 3,13 Chinh tri - Phap ludt 3,89 3,24 Khoa hoc vd Cong nghe 4,88 3,57 Quan tri nhan su 4,56 3,82 Quan tri tai chinh 4,59 3,54 Marketing 4,61 3,69 10 Quan tri Chi^n luge 4,32 3,38 11 Quan tri san xuat 3,91 3,96 Ngudn: Tinh todn ticket qud khdo sdt cua tdc gid Qua bang tien cd thd thdy nhiing kien thirc cdn thidt ddi vdi DNQL deu dat d miic trung binh khd, tiong kien thiic chuyen mdn vd khoa hgc cdng nghe cd mirc quan tigng nhdt nhung DNQL vdn chi dap ting d sd diem kha thdp so vdi yeu cdu Idn lugt la 3,44 va 3,57 didm Thu hai nang lye qudn ly - Sir hiiu biet ve moi tru&ng kinh doanh Kdt qud dieu tia eho thdy nang lye hidu bidt va cap nhdt mdi trudng chinh sach phap luat Viet Nam va qudc td DNQL kem nhdt ttong nang lyc tii thiic ndn tang mdi tiirdng 18 I TKir6NG D ^ HOC HAI PHONG kinh doanh Thyc te da chimg minh nganh ddng tau da Iam thdt thoat cua Nha nudc ttgn 86000 ty ddng [I] Didu giai thich cho hoat ddng eua cac doanh nghiep Viet Nam noi chung va Ngdnh dong tau Hdi Phdng noi rieng vdn nhieu mat ydu kera, ttong cd viee thyc hidn phap ludt - Cdc ky ndng qudn tri ca bdn Theo kdt qua dieu tta, cac ky nang quan tti ciia DNQL dugc danh gid ttung binh kha bao gdra ky ndng tu (3,44 diem), ky nang nhan sy (3,19 didm) vd ky nang ky thudt dupe ddnh gia d miie ttung binh Vdi miic diem dpi ngii qudn ly ttong eac doanh nghiep ddng tau da tuong ddi chii tigng den vide ren luyen, ndng eao eac ky imng qudn tri dd ddp iing yeu eau cong vide ddi hoi Cac ky nang Diem trung binh mirc dd danh gid Ky ndng nhan sy 3,19 Ky nang ky thudt 3,56 TT Bang Mu'c ky n&ng quan tri Nguon: Tinh todn ciia tdc gid TT Cdc ky nang Diim trung bmh mirc dd danh gia I Ky nang tir 3,44 2.2 Chat lugng dgi ngu lao d^ng (DNLD) Thu nhdt, vd trinh chuydn mdn Bang Trinh lao d$ng chuydn mdn nghidp vu LBNV C8ngty Trung cap, Dai hoc Cao ddng Tong cong ty cong nghiep tau thuy 6013 2065 29 Cac cong ty thuoc Bo quoc phong 3071 1026 27 Cong ty lien doanh 470 147 22 Cac cong ty tu nhan 1064 1030 34 10618 3268 112 TSng so cap Ngudn: Tong hgp tdi lieu ciia cdc cdng ty 06i vai lao dgng chuyen mdn nghidp vu ttdn 50% CO trinh dd dai hpe, cdn lai dudi 50% CO trinh dp cao dang, trung cdp Rieng ddi vdi khdi lao dpng tryc tidp sdn xudt (cdng nhan kp thudt) ti Id cdng nhan b^k: ttd len, bdc 3, bdc vd bdc khd dong ddu tai cac doanh nghiep Theo kdt qua dieu tta, Kidn thtic chuydn mon (4,79 didra) dupe cho Id quan trpng nhat, kidn thuc vd khoa hgc cong nghd quan ttpng thii hai (4,58 diem) Bang Nhihig kien thirc cdn thiet vdi DNLD d- doanh nghiep ddng tau TT Nhihig Id^n thirc can thiet Di^m trung binh Mirc d6 quan tr^ng Diem trung binh Mij'c ddp irng Kien thuc chuyen mon 4,79 3,93 Ngoai ngu, tin hoc 3,13 2,66 Ky nang mem 4,39 3,50 T^P CHi KHOA Hpc, S6 28, thang 5/2018 19 TT NhiiTig Id^n thirc can thiit Di^m trung binh Mirc quan Diim trung binh Mirc ddp irng Chinhtri-Phap luat 3,22 3,64 Hoi nhap kinh te quoc te 3,15 3,38 Khoa hoc va Cong nghe 4,58 3,61 Nguon: Tinh todn tie kit qud khdo sdt cua tdc gid Do cdng viec cua ddi ngti lao ddng kidn thirc chuydn mdn vd ydu td khoa hoc cong nghe Hg cung dd ty y thiie dugc rang phai c6 chuydn mdn gioi vd ludn cap nhat cac kidn thiie cdng nghe mdi dd dap ting yeu cdu thye td doi bdi dac biet thdi ki kho khan nhu hidn Vi vay, didm mtic quan trgng ciia tidu chi rdt eao nhien khdng phdi tryc tiep tiep xiic voi cac chuyen gia nudc ngoai, lam viec vdi cdc ea quan chiic ndng, eac chu hang, ddi tac nudc ngoai nen ddi ngu cung khdng thao ngoai ngtt Da phdn dgi ngii deu khdng hi yeu cdu vd trinh ngoai ngiJ trir nhdn vien phong kinh doanh, thi ttudng Vi vay, didm ratie dp quan ttpng vd mire dp dap iing rdt miie dp dap ting chi dat ldn lugt la 3,93 va •''"^ diem thdp ldn lugt la 3,13 diem va 2,66 didm Thu hai, nhung phdm chdt cdn cd doi Trong DNLD rdt ehti trpng ddn ^OT dgi ngQ lao dgng Bang Nhirng pham chdt e^n co ddi vdd DNLD TT Nhiing pham chdt can co Diim trung binh Diim trung hinh Mirc quan Mirc d$ ddp irng Kien nhan va quyet tam 3,65 3,57 Sdng tao cong viec 4,55 3,24 Thich nghi vai cai mai 4,85 3,04 Ty mi va chi tiet 3,66 4,32 Bao quat van de 3,03 3,43 KI nang lam viec nhom 4,88 3,32 Trung thuc, tu giac, y thuc t3 chuc ki luat 4,91 3,45 Tdc phong lam viec chuyen nghiep 4,77 3,21 Nguon: Tinh todn tie kit qud khdo sdt cita ldc gid 20 I TRirCJNG DAI HQC HAI PHONG Kdt qua didu tta tide nghidm cho thdy tirmg thye, ty gidc, cd y thirc td chire ki ludt dugc DNLD cho rang la quan ttgng nhat (4,91 didm) Tiep den la tidu chi thich nglii vdi cai mgi rdt dupe chu tipng ttong DNLD (4,85 diem) Tuy nhidn miic dp dap iing Id nang rat thdp 3,04 didm Didu giai thich eho ndi lo thudng trye vd cdng viee sy eat giam nhan lyc cua nganh sau khung hoang Vi vay, theo hp, ydu td quan tipng la khd ndng thich ling vdi sy thay ddi cua mdi trudng, vdi cdc hoan eanh raoi vd img bien vdi sy thay ddi Tuy nhien chi khoang 25% ttong tdng sd DNLD tta loi dap ting d mirc trung binh Danh gia vd tinh ti rai va tinh bao quat Ddi vdi DNLD da phdn coi tigng tinh ti mi hon tinh bao quat vd thyc td hg ciing dap ting tot ban yeu cdu cdng vide ddi voi td chat (4,32 didm) Nang cao tdm lye ehinh la ndng cao phdm chdt dao diic, tu tuong, tac phong lam vide Song song vdi viec ndng cao tri lyc, ndn san xudt cdng nghiep doi hdi eon ngudi phdi CO tinh ty gide, tinh thdn hgp tac, tde phong cdng nghidp mdi mang lai hieu sudt ttong lao dpng Do chinh la the hidn eiia phdra chat dao due, tu tudng ctia ngudi lao ddng thdi dai mdi Cude khdo sat trinh bay d ttdn cung da chi mdt sd ttd ngai chinh ddi vai viec phat tridn nhdn lyc ttong cac DN ddng tau Hdi Phdng Trong dd mdi lo ngai ldn nhat ctia cac doanh nghiep la sy han chd vd tdi ehinh (chidm 55% cdc cdu tia ldi) Tidp la nhdm ly chidm 45% cau trd loi Id su dung de bat khdng diing chuyen nghanh dupe dao tao 12%, ban thdn nhdn lyc ngai hgc hdi ndng eao trinh dp 9%, cdng vide qua ban rdn vd mdi trudng kinh doanh thay ddi qua nhanh khdng theo kip 24% Hinh Nhitng nguyin nhdn chit yiu ldm han che viec ndng cao chdt luang nhdn luc Mdt phdm chdt khdc cting duge DNLD tiong cac cdng ty dong tau danh gia d miic quan ttgng cao, la kT nang Idm vide nhdm (4,88 didm) Ddi vdi nganh dong tau Id nganh cdng nghiep nang, qua tiinh tao san pham phai ttai qua nhidu thao tdc, cdng doan ndn phdi cd sy phdi hgp nhip nhdng ddng bp gitta cac khau, eae bd phan Do do, nhdn lyc nganh dong tau phdi c6 tinh cdng ddng cao ttong lao dpng tap the Qua dieu tta eho thay miic dp dap ling td ehat d mirc trung binh (3,32 didm) Deb^tkhdng B^nthSn ngai Cdng vi^c qua dGng hgc bgn r$n v^ chuy6n h6i nang cao m6t tru'dng nganh flu-pc trinh dp KD thay i3oi ddotgo qud nhanh Ngudn: Tinh todn tie kit qud khdo sdt cita tde gid T^P CHI KHOA HQC, S6 28, thang 5/2018 21 2.L Viec xdy dung vd thuc hien chien lirac nhdn lire dyng chien luge nhung khdng thyc bidn, DN CO xdy dyng chidn luge nhung khdng tri thudng xuydn, va DN ed xdy dyng va thyc hien diing ehien luge Qua khao sat tai 26 DN ddng tau Hdi Phdng cho thay chi cd DN khdng xdy dyng ehien lupc nhdn lye nhien day chi la nhftng DN tu nhdn quy rad nhd, 16 DN xay 2.2 Chi dp ddi ngp Bang Diem trung binh mirc h^i long ve cdc chinh sdch dai ng$ TT Diem trung binh Chi d6 dai ngO mirc d$ hdi long Miic luong hien tai Cac chinh sdch dai ngp ngoai luang 3,45 Dieu kien lam vice va nghi ngai 2,89 Cac dai ngo phi tai chinh khac 2,76 4,11 Nguon: kit qud khdo sdi eua tdc gia Qua khao sdt cho thdy ehd dp tidn luong cua cae doanh nghiep tiong nganh ddng tdu tai Hai Phdng la khd tot Co tdi 62% sd nguoi dupe hdi edm thdy hai long vdi raiic lugng Men tai cua hg tuang ting vdi didm trung binh raiic hai Idng la 4,11; vd cae chinh sach ddi ngp ngoai luong diem tiung binh mirc dp hai long la 3,45; rieng vd didu kien Idm vide, nghi ngoi didm tmng binh raiic dp hai long la 2,89 va ede dai ngd phi tdi ehinh khac diem trung binh miie hdi long Id 2,76 Ddy la mtic diem kha thdp cho thdy che dd dai ngd ddi vdi nhdn lyc ttong nganh ddng tau hien chu ydu la thdng qua luong vd rapt sd cac khoan ttg cdp 2.3 Chiin luge Mo tgo vd phdt triin nhan Ig-c Cling vdi qua tiinh hdi nhap kinh td qudc te, sy doi hdi cang cao ciia cae dem dat hang nudc ngoai da nen cac DN ddng tau Hdi Phdng phdn nao y thiie dupe 22 I TRirONG DAI HQC HAI PHONG vai ttd cua ehidn luge dao tao ttong vide nang cao ehdt lugng nhan lyc Tuy nhien, d thdi didm hien tai chiu dnh hudng nang nd cua cugc khiing hodng tai chinh todn cdu khidn eae DN dong tdu tren dia ban gap nhiing thach thiic khdng nhd dnh budng ddn khd ndng tai chinh chi cho cac boat ddng dao tao va phat trien nhan lyc Nhu trude ddy cac edng ty ddng tdu lan nhu Nam Tridu, Pha Rimg, Bach Dang, Sdng Cdm hang nam ddu cir hang tram lugt edng nhan di dao tao nang eao tiinh dp tai cac qudc gia cd nganh ddng tau tien tidn nhu Nhdt Ban, Han Qudc Hien nay, cae boat dpng ddo tao ehti ydu la dao tao doanh nghidp cae cdng nhan cd kinh nghidm truydn dat lai cho cac thd he sau 2.4 Ddnh gid nhdn luc Van de danh gia nhdn lyc hidn cae doanh nghiep dong tau Hdi Phdng Cling dnh hudng Ion tdi viec nang cao chat lugng nhan lyc Trong eupe khao sat tai cdc doanh nghiep tien hanh ttong khudn khd nghien cim ndy, 29% doanh nghiep sir dung phuong phap danh gia ttuydn thdng dd la phuang phdp cho diem, phuang phap binh bau va phuang phdp tu ddnh gid, 36% cdc DN sir dung eac phuang phdp dinh lupng de danh gid vd chi cd 35% cac DN sir dung phuong phap quan tii bdng mye tidu dd danh gia nhdn lyc M O T SO KHUYEN NGHI DE NANG CAO CHAT LlTQfNG NHAN LlTC TRONG CAC DOANH NGHIEP DONG TAU HAI PHONG Hidn tai, nhieu DN ddng tau vdn dang tiep tuc ddu tu, nghidn ciiu, quyet liet thyc thi cdc chinh sach ve nhan lyc nhdm ndng cao chat lupng nhdn lye bdi hp da y thirc dugc rang chdt lupng nhdn lyc chinh la dieu kien tien quydt cho sy phat tiidn ben vimg vd giiip DN nang cao vi thd canh ttanh khdng chi d thi trudng ttong nuoc ma chu ydu la canh ttanh tten pham vi toan cau Cac DN ddng tau cung tich eye ttien khai cae chien lupc nhdn lye va dat duge nhiing edng dang ke dien hinh nhu dong tdu Sdng Cdm Cd the eoi day la nhttng tidn de tich eye eho viec nghien ciru, xdy dyng tiidn khai vide ndng eao chat lugng nhdn lyc cac DN ddng tau cdn lai tien dia ban Hdi Phong Dd co the ndng cao duge chdt lupng nhan luc tiong cac DN DT HP, xin dd xudt rapt sd khuyen nghi sau: tac song phuang gjtta cac tinng tdm dao tao nhdm xay dyng mdt he thdng dao tao nhan lyc dong tau dat tidu chudn qudc td Cac CO quan qudn ly, cae Bd ehii quan va Chinh phu edn ban hanh eac chinh sdeh vd CO chd uu dai ddi vdi doanh nghidp dong tau, Hd ttp vd v6n cho cac doanh nghiep dd phdt tiidn, ndng eao nang lye canh tianh vai cac hang dong tau nude ngoai * Doi v&i doanh nghiip Thie nhdt, hoan thidn cdng tac dy bao nhu cdu nhan lyc radt each khoa hpc chinh xac, ddm bdo cho eac doanh nghiep dong tau ed du ve sd lugng, phu hop vdi nhu cdu nhdn lyc sau tdi eo edu Thu hai xdy dyng tieu chudn cy thd cho tirng vi tii, chire danh, cdng vide: - Tidu ehuan vd tri lyc: tiinh dp chuyen mdn, trinh ngoai ngu, tin hgc, sy hidu bidt vd nganh nghd ITnh vuc, cdng viec lien quan, sy am hidu ve phap luat tiong nude va qude td - Tieu chuan vd tdm lye: dao dire nghe nghiep, long yeu nghe, tac phong lam vide chuyen nghidp, cdc ehuan rayc dao diie ehung cua xahdi Thu ba, phat tridn chuong trinh dao tao, ndi dung ddo tao va phuong phap ddo tao ey the: - Cap nhat cac kien thirc chuyen radn, ngoai ngii, tin hge, cac cung nghe dong tau tidn tien de hg dara nhdn duge cdng vide dugc giao bdi eanh hdi nhdp qudc td; qudn ly Ndng cao hidu qua dao tao, ehat lugng dao tao va kha ndng lara vide theo nhdm cdng vide; Chinh phu cdn md rgng hpp tac qude te tiong ddo tao nhan luc dong tau, ttanh thii sy giiip d5 eua ehinh phii cac nudc, day manh hgp - Xay dyng chuong trinh dao tao phii hgp v6i thuc te, lya chgn phuang phap dao tao phil hgp vdi tirng ddi tugng * Doi v&i Nhd nu&c vd cdc ea quan T^P CHI KHOA HOC, S^ 28, thang 5/2018 23 Vdi cac chinh sach uu dai ttdn se tao dugc sy gan bd giua nhdn lye vdi doanh nghidp, tao mdi trudng lam vide tich cyc chuyen nghiep, khuyen khich dupe tinh thdn Idm vide cua nhdn vidn tir ndng eao chdt lugng nhdn lyc gop phdn cho sy tdn tai va phat tridn eua nganh ddng tau Hai Phong ndi rieng va nganh dong tdu Viet Nam ndi chung TAI LIEU THAM KHAO Bill Van Nhon (2006), Qudn ly vd phdt Pien ngudn nhdn lire xd hgi, Nha xudt ban Tu phap, HaNgi Kdt luan 65- KL/TW cua Bd Chinh tii De an Chidn luge phat tiidn Tdng cdng ty Cdng nghidp tau thuy ddn nam 2020, tdm nhin 2030 Dd an Tai edu tnic Tap doan Cdng nghiep tdu thiiy Viet Nam, 2010 24 I TRirdNG DAI HQC HAI PHONG ... nghidp ddng tau vira tiai qua mdt cugc khung hoang nang nd bupc Nha nuoc phai tai ca cau toan nganh Sau tai eo cau, budc ddu ede doanh nghidp ddng tau da cd nhimg chuyen bien ddng kd nhu da cd don... rieng van cdn ehiu dnh huong nang nk cua cugc khung hodng tai ehinh va suy thoai kuih td ihd gidi Sau tai co edu, dong tau Hai Phong tir chd cd tidn 50 doanh nghiep hien chi cdn lai 26 doanh n ^... ^ e p , doanh thu, lgi nhudn, ndp ngdn saeh, thu nhip eua ngucri lao dgng ludn tang trudng, nam sau eao ban nam tiiroc; lai hdu hdt cac doanh nghidp dong tau o ttong tmh tiBng Ihieu don 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