Khdng cd sU tUOng quan giQa trinh do hgc van va do tuoi vdi ky nang giao tiep.. Tdkhoa: Gidi phdp, gido vien, kyndng giao tiip, Idixe, tUang quan.. Khdng nhQng vay, lai chi dugc dao tao
Trang 1Gm pmp muG cao mmuG Gmo TIEP cm
cmo vm Dav Ldi XE 0 TO
ThS N g u y e n X u a n Trung
TrUdng Cao dang Glao thong Hue
Tom tat
O i n h g i i thUe trang ky nang giao tiep cua g i i o vien day l i i xe 6 td la ri't can thie't de de xui't g i i i
p h i p n i n g eao nang lUc g i i n g day ndi chung va giao tiep ndi rieng Nghien cQu tai 37 ca sd d i o tao
l i i xe cua 13 tinh, thanh mien Trung trong n i m 2015 cho thi'y g i i o vien day l i i xe 6 td cd ky n i n g giao tiep d mQc trung binb, trong dd ndi trdi l i quan t i m , tdn trgng ngUdi hgc Khdng cd sU tUOng quan giQa trinh do hgc van va do tuoi vdi ky nang giao tiep Cd sU tUang quan thap giQa t h i m nien
g i i n g day vdi 3/10 nhdm ky nang giao tiep nhQng la tuong quan nghich Do viy, g i i i p h i p c i n thUc hien l i d i o tao bai b i n ve ky nang giao tiep v i xay dUng mdi trudng l i m viec t h u i n lgi de tao dgng luc ren luyen, phat huy ket qua dao tao Viec n i n g cao ky n i n g giao tiep cung di lien vdi doi mdi phuang p h i p day hgc theo hudng tieh cue va kiem djnh chat IQgng trung t i m day nghe
Tdkhoa: Gidi phdp, gido vien, kyndng giao tiip, Idixe, tUang quan
Abstract
The state assessment for the communication skills of car driving teachers is very necessary to suggest the solution of improving teaching efficiency in general and communieation capacity
in particular Researching at 37 ear driving training centers of 13 provinces, cities in the Central
in 2015 that car driving instructors have communieation skills in an average level, they have the highlight of the interest, the respect to the learners There are no the relation between the educational levelandtheageforthecommunicationskills.Thereisthelowrelatlon between theteaehing seniority and 3/1 Oofcommunicationskills's group but it is inversely relative.Therefore, the completed training for the communication skill and the design of advantage working place are the solution should be realized in order to make the practice motivation, promote the training result.The improvement ofthe communication skill also accompanies by the active teaching method and the quality test of vocational centers
Keywords: Instructors, communication skills, car driving, correlation, solution
1 Oat van de
D i o tao lai xe 6 td l i mgt boat dgng day nghe
phd bie'n vdi 339 ca sd d i o tao v i khoing hOn 20
ngan g i i o vien tren khap eic tinh, t h i n h [2] Tuy
nhien, thUe te cho thi'y, ddi ngu g i i o vien day lai
xe d td xuat t h i n chii ye'u l i tQ mdi trQdng van t i i
ehuyen nghiep, vdn cd khdng it dieu tieng ve giao
tiep Khdng nhQng vay, lai chi dugc dao tao it di
ve giao tiep khi trdthanh giao vien Do dd, nghien
cQu thQc trang ky nang giao tiep cua giao vien day
lii xe d td la rat can thie't de ed co sd de xuat cic
giii phap nang cao nang luc g i i n g day ndi chung
v i giao tiep ndi rieng Mat khic, de n i n g eao chat
lugng ddi ngu g i i o vien day l i i xe 6 td, cie g i i i
p h i p dugc sQ dung hien nay la n i n g cao trinh do
hgc v i n [1], lua chgn ngUdi ed kinh nghiem day
hgc, cd SQ chin chan do do tudi mang lai theo
kieu " t h i y g i i , con h i t t r e " v i t i p huan n i n g cao nghiep vu [8], nen cung c i n d i n h g i i i n h hudng ciia cic ye'u td nay den ky n i n g giao tiep ciia giao vien day l i i xe Rieng t i p huan, d i o tao ve ky ning giao tiep vdi g i i o vien day l i i xe 6 td la ri't it 61 [8] nen khdng xem xet d i n h g i i
2 PhQtfng phap n g h i e n cQu Giio vien day l i i xe 6 td bao gdm g i i o vien day
ly thuyet v i g i i o vien day thuc h i n h , p h i n Idn l i nam gidi, trong dd g i i o vien day thUc h i n h chiem
k h o i n g 86% [8] Ddi tUgng nghien cQu l i giio vien dil dieu kien day thQe h i n h l i i xe d td, bao gom c i g i i o vien day ly thuye't, ggi ehung l i g i i o vien day l i i xe d td
Bdng 1 So luang gido viin vd ea sd ddo tgo ldi
xe tham gia khdo sdt
Trang 2TT
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Tinh, thanh pho
Binh Dinh
Da Ning
DakLak
Gia Lai
HaTinh
Khanh Hoa
Kon Tum
Nghe An
Quang Binh
Quang Nam
Quang Tri
Thifa Thien Hue
Cpng
So giao vien
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So CO SCf
d a o t a o
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kyndng glao tiip
0 6 tudi, t h i m nien g i i n g day, trinh do hgc van
v i ky nang giao tiep cua nam giao vien day lai xe
6 td dugc thu t h i p b i n g phieu k h i o sit trong cie
khda tap huan n i n g eao nghiep vu g i i o vien day
l i i xe td chQc tai Hue Trong dd, k h i o sit ky nang
giao tiep sQ dung t r i e nghiem cua V.R Dakharov
gdm 80 c i u hdi, chia thanh 10 nhdm ky nang vdi
eic mQc diem gidi (15-15), kha (11 -14), trung binh
(8-10) v i ye'u (tQ 7 trd xudng) He sd Pearson (r)
dugc tinh toan de phan tieh tuang quan vdi siu
mUc g i i tri bao gdm: khdng tuang quan (r = 0),
khdng dang ke (r = ±0,01 den ±0,1), tuong quan
thap (r = ±0,2 den +0,3), tuong quan trung binh
(r = ±0,4 den ±0,5), tUOng quan eao (r = ±0,5 den
±0,7) v i tuong quan rat cao (r = ±0,8 trd len)
3 Ket qua va thao luan
Sd phieu k h i o sit cd day du thdng tin thu dugc
la 300 tQ giao vien cua 13 dia phuang (bing 1)
3.1 Thuc trqng ky ndng giao tiep ciia gido
vien day Idixe 6 to
Vdl diem trung binb ( x ) eao nhat la 12,00vi
thap nhat l i 7,64 nhin ehung giao vien day lai xe 6
td cd ky nang giao tiep d mQc trung binh, khdng
cd ky nang n i o dat gidi va ciing khdng cd ky nang
nao ye'u (bing 2) Tinh ty le xep loai trong tQng
nhdm ky nang thi loai gidi dat tQ 0-5 %, k h i
10,3-32,7 %, trung binh 8-43,7 % va yeu 43,7-54,3 %
(hinh l).NhQvay, t y l e loai gidi l i rat it 61, ty le loai
yeu la Idn nhat v i cd sU bien thien it n h i t so vdi
hai loai edn lai, tQc l i ed tinh on dinh cao hon
TT
1
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Nhom ky nang
Ky nang thiet lap moi quan he
t r o n g giao tiep
Ky nang can bang nhu eau ciia ehu the va doi t u g n g giao tiep
Ky nang lang nghe doi t u g n g giao tiep
Ky nang tU chii cam xiic, hanh vi
Ky nang tU kiem che va kiem tra doi tugng giao tiep
Ky nang dien dat cu the, de hieu
Ky nang linh hoat m e m dec trong giao tiep
Ky nang thuyet phuc doi tUOng giao tiep
Ky nang ehii d o n g , dieu khien qua trinh giao tiep
Su nhay cam trong giao tiep
X
7,64
11,66 12,00
11,14 7,73
7,78 7,83 7,84 7,83 7,81
Thuf bac
9
2
1
3
8
7
5
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5
5
Cd the t h i y su ndi trdi trong ky nang giao tiep cua g i i o vien day lai xe la quan t i m , tdn trgng ddi tugng giao tiep bang sQ l i n g nghe (KN3), tU chu c i m XUC v i hanh vi ciia minh (KN4), cung nhu c i n bang nhu c i u eua ehu the va khich the (KN2) O i y cd the l i ke't qua eiia mdt sd dac diem giao tiep trong day hgc l i i xe d td, cd the ndi l i phQc tap hon so vdi cic loai hinh day hge sau phd thdng khae
Tuy nhien, sU quan tam v i tdn trgng n i y khdng eao va lai it dugc phat huy t i c dung do cae nhdm ky nang khac chi d mQc trung binh thap,
d i e biet l i nhdm ky nang lien quan mat thiet den viec day hge Dien dat cu the, de hie'u (KN6) l i mdt ddi hdi quan trgng cua viec day hgc va l i mgt trong nhQng nguyen t i c eua giao tiep sU pham Giao vien cdn c i n p h i i chu ddng, dieu khien qua trinh giao tiep vdi ngudi hgc (KN9) tQdd mdi d i m
b i o dQgc ndi dung va hieu q u i day hgc Ddng thdi, linh hoat va mem deo trong giao tiep (KN7)
se giup g i i o vien chu ddng duge ndi dung phu hap vdi nang luc ciia ngUdi hgc va t h i n thien han vdi ngudi hoc Ngoii ra, nhdm ky nang nhay c i m trong giao tiep (KNIO) ed'ty le ye'u Idn nhat (54,3
%) v i diem trung binh chi xep d bic thap (6/9) cho
t h i y giao vien day l i i xe d td gap khd khan rd ret
So 35 thing 8/2016 K H O A HOC D A Y N G H E [25]
Trang 3trong nam b i t trang t h i i t i m ly, t h i i do, c i m xuc
de tQ dd dong c i m vdi ddi tugng giao tiep Sau
cung, nhdm ky n i n g thuyet phuc doi tugng giao
tiep (KN8) xep b i c 4/9, v i nhdm ky n i n g thiet l i p
moi quan he trong giao tiep (KN1), xep b i c 9/9,
ehinh la han ehe Idn nhi't eho cdng viec khi ma
g i i o vien day l i i xe 6 td chu yeu chieu sinh qua
cUu hoe vien
SO.CO y
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4 0 0 0 - ^
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^
-0,2 ( l i m trdn) v i vi vay ed tuang quan nghich d mQc tha'p vdi t h i m nien g i i n g day ( b i n g 4) NghTa
la ky nang l i n g nghe doi tugng giao tiep (KN3),
t u kiem ehe v i kiem tra ddi tugng giao tiep (KN5) v^ dien dat eu the, de hieu (KN6), giam khi tham nien giang day tang! Nbu viy, cang ve sau g i i o vien day l i i xe 6 t d c i n g it l i n g nghe, t u kiem ehe
v i kiem tra doi tugng giao tiep eung nhu it dien dat eu the, de bie'u ban
Bang 4 He sd tUang quan rglda thdm nin gidng
dgy vd ky ndng giao tiip
H'mh 1 Tyle xip logi theo % trong tdng nhdm ky
nang giao tiip
3.2 Trinh do hoc vdn, thdm niin gidng dqy,
do tuoi vdi ky ndng giao tiip
Trong m i u k h i o sat, g i i o vien day l i i xe 6 td ed
trinh do dai hgc chiem 20,3 %, eao dang chiem 6,7
%; trung cap chiem 25 % va so cap nghe l i i xe d td
chiem 48 % Ke't q u i p h i n tich tuang quan duge
trinh b i y d b i n g 3 Trinh do hge van cd tUOng
quan khdng d i n g ke vdi ky nang giao tiep, hay ky
nang giao tiep ciia g i i o vien cd trinh do hgc van
khac nhau l i khdng khie nhau d i n g ke Nghien
cQu cua Hoing Van Binh [3] cho thay ky n i n g giao
tiep eiia c i n bd q u i n ly giao due cd nhQng ban
che, ye'u kem v i ein ehu trgng d i o tao, bdi dudng
nang cao Sinh vien trQdng sU pham ed ky nang
giao tiep d mQc trung binh v i thap [5,6,7] va cdn
chua coi trgng ren luyen ky n i n g giao tiep nhU
kien thUe chuyen n g i n h [4]
Bang 3 He so tuang quan r gida trinh do hgc
vdn vd ky ndng giao tiip
Nh.ni
'
t^M
-0,02
KN2
-0,09
KN3
-0,03
RN4
0,07
KHS
•0,05
KN6
0,04
KN7
-0.02
KNB
0,00
KN9
•0,04 KNIO 0,05
Giao vien cd t h i m nien g i i n g day 1-3 nam
chiem 30,3 %, 4-5 nam chiem 31,7 %, 7-9 nam
chiem 18,7 % v i 10 nam trd len chiem 19,3 %
Tham nien trung binh la 6,5 nam, cao nhi't l i 34
nam (3 ngUdi) va thap nhi't l i 1 nam (25 ngUdi) 6
giio vien day lai xed td, tham nien g i i n g day khic
vdi tham nien l i i xe v i chi cd tuang quan d mQc
trung binh vdi do tudi (r = 0,45) Ke't q u i p h i n tich
Nhom
KN1
•0,06
KN2
-0,10
KK3
-0,22
KN4
•0,07
KN5
-0,18
KN6
-0,19
KN;
-0.11
KN8
-0,08
KN9
-0,14 KNIO -0,14
Bang 5 He so tuang quan r giifa do tuoi vd ky nang giao tiep
Nhom
r KNI
-0,01
KN2
-0,11
KN3
-0,09
KN4
-0,06
KN5
-0,09
KN6
•0,13
KN7
-0,12
KN8
-0,06
KN9
-0,07 KNIO
•0,05
Ve do tudi, p h i n Idn g i i o vien day l i i xe cd tudi 40-49 chiem 38 %, sau do la 30-39 chiem 35,6 %, tudi 50-60 chiem 19 %, dQdi 30 it nhi't chiem 7,3
% Ket qua p h i n tieh cho thay ed sQ tQOng quan khdng d i n g ke giQa do tudi v i ky nang giao tiep cua g i i o vien day l i i xe d t d ( b i n g 5) Vdi sd ngUdi
cd tuoi tQ mQc "tam t h i p nhi lap" trd len chiem den 92,7 % thi khd cd the cho rang "thay g i i " l i mgt UU the trong viec hinh t h i n h ky n i n g giao tiep d g i i o vien day l i i xe 6 td Oieu n i y cung
cd the dung vdi eae n g i n h , nghe khie khi m i sQ giao tiep trong xa hdi hien dai n g i y c i n g trd nen
"phang" c i n g ddi hdi eon ngUdi cd kien thQc, ky
n i n g thQc SQ tdt tQ q u i trinh dao tao, t r i i nghiem, ren luyen cua minh chQ khdng p h i i "sdng l i u len lao ling"
3.3 Gidi phdp ndng cao ky ndng giao tiep cho gido vien dqy ldi xe 6 to
Da cd mgt sd bien p h i p n i n g eao ky nang giao tiep cho sinb vien sU pham [4,6,7] v i ein bd
q u i n ly giao due [3] dugc de xui't, nhUng chua cu the hoac chUa ddng bg Vdi g i i o vien day l i i xe
d td, g i i i phap can thQc hien l i td ebUe d i o tao mdt cich b i i b i n ve ky nang giao tiep v i x i y dQng mdi trudng l i m viec t h u i n lgi de tao ddng lUc ren luyen, p h i t huy ke't q u i d i o tao Giii p h i p bao gdm 4 bien p h i p , phai dugc thuc hien ddng bd
ThQ n h i t , d i o tao ky n i n g giao tiep can l i mgt chQng ehi b i t bugc ChQOng trinh d i o tao ky nang giao tiep eho g i i o vien day l i i x e c i n kethQa ndi dung d i dUgc hgc, chu trgng thUe h i n h , luyen
t i p v i t i p t r u n g v i o eic ky n i n g ho trg g i i n g day
Trang 4b i n g 6 kem hieu q u i ;
Sau khi hgc xong chugng trinh d i o tao niy, -ThQc hien hieu q u i mgt sd ky nang giao tiep
g i i o vien se cd k h i nang: ngdn n g Q v i phi ngdn ngQ;
Bang 6 Thai luang chuang trinh ddo tgo ky ndng glao tiip eho gido vlen dgy ldi xe
TT
1
2
3
4
5
5
Noi dung
Nguyen n h i n giao tiep kem hieu qua
Tao sQ chu y, t h i n thien qua ve n g o i i
Lam quen, l i n g nghe v i dat e i u hdi
Ky nang thuye't trinh
Giao tiep phi ngdn ngQ
Q u i n ly c i m xuc
Cong
Gid hoc L)/
thuye't
2
2
2
4
2
2
12 Thuc hanh
4
5
6
18
Cong
2
2
5
10
8
2
30
- Quin ly dugc cam xue eua minh v i ngUdi
khic trong giao tiep;
- Chil ddng va tich cUc ren luyen ky nang
giao tiep
ThQ hai, day hgc tich cUc Vdi day hgc tich cQc,
Idp hgc l i mdi trQdng giao tiep sdi ddng giQa g i i o
vien - ngudi hgc v i giQa ngQdi hgc vdi nhau D i y
chinh la mdi trudng ren luyen ky nang giao tiep
hieu q u i cho g i i o vien, phat huy cae kien thQc,
ky nang da dugc d i o tao ThQ ba, thQdng xuyen
va dinh ky dU giang, trinh g i i n g , td chQc hdi thi
nghiep vu sU pham Oe tao dgng iQc, d i m b i o
viec ren luyen ky nang giao tiep va day hgc dugc
thue hien thudng xuyen, hieu q u i thi can cd sU
khuye'n khich, ehe t i i ddi vdi g i i o vien Cie hgi thi,
hdi giang ludn l i ca hdi tdt de tao dgng lue, n i n g
cao nang luc sU pham va tuyen duang giao vien
Can xay dung van b i n quy pham p h i p l u i t quy
dinh ve cdng t i c nay tai ba cap ca ses dao tao, tinh
va t o i n qudc
ThQ tQ, can thUe hien kiem dinh c h i t lugng
trung tam dao tao lai xe theo quy dinh ve kiem
dinh chit lugng trung tam day nghe Oanh gia,
kiem dinh chat lugng se giup nang eao moi mat
hoat ddng ndi chung va ky nang giao tiep ciia
g i i o vien ndi rieng Day l i bien p h i p tong the, lau d i i v i l i each thQc hieu q u i de khuye'n khich,
che t i i ddi vdi ea sd d i o tao l i i xe d td v i c i co
quan q u i n ly Viee edng bd chi't lugng se cdn giup
c i nhan giao vien v i ea sd d i o tao l i i xe d td x i y dung hinh i n h , danh tieng vdi ngudi hgc v i t o i n
xa hdi trong giao tiep, truyen thdng
4 Ket luan
Ky nang giao tiep l i mdt trong nhQng ky nang mem quan trgng trong the ky XXI Nang cao ky nang giao tiep ciia g i i o vien day l i i xe d td chinh l i nang cao dugc chi't lugng day hgc, tQ dd gdp phan
g i i m thieu tai nan v i un t i c giao thdng
Do vay c i n d i o tao b i t budc ve ky n i n g giao tiep cho g i i o vien day l i i xe de bude dau trang bi nhQng kien thQc, ky nang c i n thie't Day hgc hgc tich cue la bien p h i p ke't hgp va ho trg, vQa giiip ren luyen ky nang giao tiep vQa giiip ning cao nang luc g i i n g day Tiep dd, viee td chQc dQ giing thudng xuyen, hgi g i i n g dinh ky la bien p h i p tao ddng luc, ca hdi, mdi trudng de giio vien ren luyen phuang phap day hgc ket hgp r i n luyen ky nang giao tiep Sau cung, xay dung he thdng dam b i o ehi't lugng ben trong v i kie'm dinh chit lugng dao tao l i i xe se giup duy tri v i p h i t huy hieu q u i
So 35 thing 8/2016 K H O A HOC D A Y NGHE [27]
Trang 5ren luyen Day l i bien p h i p tdng the, l i u dai de e i
n h i n g i i o vien v i ea sd d i o tao n g i y c i n g p h i t
trien Cin cd quy dinh tai van ban quy pham p h i p
l u i t ve giii p h i p neu tren de ed che t i i v i thQc hien
dong bd vdi dgi ngu hon 20 n g i n g i i o vien day l i i
xe d td tren t o i n qude ^
Tai lieu tham khao
1 Bg Giao thdng van t i i , Quy dinh vi ddo tgo,
sdt hgeh, cap giay phep Idi xe ea gidl dudng bd,
Thdng tU sd 58/2015/TT-BGTVT 20/10/2015
2 Bg Giao thdng van t i i , Vi viee phi duyet Quy
hogch casd ddo tgo ldi xe ca gidi dudng bgvd trung
tdm sdt hgeh idixe eagidl dudng bci den ndm 2020,
dinh hudng din ndm 2030, Quyet dinh sd
966/QO-BGTVT 31/3/2014
3 Hoing Van Binh, (2011), "NhQng bien p h i p
nang eao ky n i n g giao tiep eho c i n bd lanh dao
q u i n li g i i o due", Tgp chl Gido due, sd 255, tr.17-18
4 Nguyen Bi DQc, D o i n Thi Cue, (2011), "Tim
hieu ky n i n g giao tiep sU pham eiia sinh vien
TrUdng Cao dang Su pham Tuyen Quang" Tgp ehi
G/doc/uc, sd255, tr.14-15
5 Oau IVIinh Long, (2007), "NhQng trd ngai
t i m ly trong giao tiep cua sinh vien nam thQ nhat,
Trudng Oai hgc SU pham, Oai hgc Hue, Tgp ehi Tdm
/y/ipc, sd3(95), tr.16-19
die'm giao tiep eua sinh vien TrQdng Cao dang SQ
pham Quang Tri, Tgp ehi Khoa hge vd Cdng nghi
Oai hgc Da N i n g , so 2 (25), tr.107-114
7 Ld Thi Mai Thoan, (2005), "ThQe trang k h i
n i n g giao tiep eua sinh vien sU pham tinh San La",
Tgp ehlTdm l-y hgc, so 2, tr.59-51
8 Tdng cue Oudng bg Viet Nam, (2012), Ke hoach t i p huan nang cao nghiep vu g i i o vien day
lii xe
9 Trung t i m Day nghe, Oao tao v i Sit hach l i i
xe Trudng Oai hgc An ninh Nhan d i n , Thi sdt hgeh
bdng ldi xe d td Bl, 82, C, http://daotaobanglaixe
com/bang-cham-diem-10-bai-thi-bang-lai-xe-oto-b2-c-d-e-f-fe-bid125.html, 28/02/2014
10 Nguyen X u i n Trung, (2014), "Ddi mdi phuang p h i p day hgc mdn L u i t Giao thdng
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Ngaynhanbai: 01/8/2016 N g a y p h i n b i e n : 20/8/2016 N g i y dang: T h i n g 8/2016