Các yếu tố tác động đến lòng trung thành và nỗ lực làm việc của nhân viên lĩnh vực công nghệ thông tin trong bối cảnh hội nhập

QUANTRI-QUANLY CAC YEU TO TAC DONG DEN LONG TRUNG THANH VA N Ll/C LAM VIEC CUA NHAN VIEN LINH Y\JC CONG NGHE THONG TIN TRONG BOI CANH HOI NHAP • CHU TIEN DAT - TRl/dNG MINH TIEN TOM TAT: Nguon nhdn liic von dddc xem la mdt tai san ldn cua doanh nghiep Cdc nghien cu'u vd cac nha quan tri da xac dinh rang sif hai long cua ngu'di lao ddng la yeu to' then chd't ddn dd'n cdng Do'i vdi doanh nghiep Viet Nam ITnh v\Xc cdng nghe thdng tin (CNTT), nguon nhdn luc Id tdi san dang gia nhat cua doanh nghifip vd ddng vai trd ngdy cdng quan trgng Tuy nhien, bd'i cdnh hdi nhdp, doanh nghiep CNTT phai cd cdc giai phap di tang ndng sud't lao ddng cho ngifdi lao dong, dong thdi ngan chdn tlnh trang "chay mau chd't xdm" ngu'di lao dgng chuyen sang doanh nghiep khac lam viec De tim kie'm giai phap ndng cao nang sud't vd giiJ chdn ngu'di lao dgng, nghien cUu siJf dung bang cau hoi Dieu tra quan diem nhan vien doanh nghiSp PGT.TS Tran Kim Dung phdt trien Ke't qua nghien ciJu cho tha'y, cdc yeu to' lien quan den cdng viec-thang tien, dieu kien lam vi6c, tien lifdng-phuc ldi, mdi trifdng ldm vi6c va lanh dao cd tdc dgng de'n hieu sua't, no life lam viec; cac giai phap lien quan de'n tien lildngphiic ldi, cong viec-thdng tie'n, dilu kien lam viec, mdi tru'dng ldm viec, lanh dao vd dao tao se cd tac dgng de'n long trung va miic dp gan ket cua nhan vien doanh nghiep CNTT Tiif khoa: Ldng trung thanh, nd lUc lam viec, cdng nghe thong tin, hpi nhap Dat vdTn di Trong thdi gian qua, Viet Nam da tham gia manh me qud trinh hdi nhap va dat nhieu thdnh cdng Hdi nhdp quoc te' da trd mot nhiJng dong liTc quan trgng thuc day tang trUdng, phdt trien kinh te - xa hpi De'n nay, da cd tdng cong 71 nUdc cdng nhan Viet Nam la nen kinh te' thi tru'dng Viet Nam dang thiTc thi 12 FTA cd hieu lu'c (mdi nhd't la Hidp dinh EVFTA ky vdi EU) Viet Nam tiep tuc Id mpt diem den ha'p dan dd'i vdi nhieu nha dau td nu'dc ngoai, vdi tong so dd an FDI cdn hieu life d Viet Nam la 21.666 du an, tdng vd'n dang ky la hdn 293 ti USD Dd cd khoang 100 nUdc va vilng lanh thd cd cdc du dn dau tU vd tren 100 tdp dodn da quo'c gia hang dau the gidi cd mat tai Vidt Nam Trong bdi canh hpi nhap neu tren, doanh nghidp CNTT Viet Nam cd nhieu cd hpi, nhUng cung cd khong it thdch thUc hoat dong san xua't - kmh doanh Mot nhffng thach thUc ldn nhd't la phai bao dam, tri va phat trien ngudn nhdn life, ye'u td mang tinh cha't sd'ng cdn dd'i vdi doanh nghiep CNTT Doanh nghiep phai canh tranh ve nhan life khdng chi vdi cdc doanh nghidp npi, md vdi ca cac doanh nghiep cd vd'n dau tu nUdc ngoai vd tham So 22-Thang 12/2019 155 TAP CHl CONB THIfdNG Hinh 1: M6 hinh nghien ct^u de xud't chi la cdc doanh nghidp nudc ngoai thud nhan lUc nudc lam viec ti^ xa Cong viec De khuye'n khich va giil chdn nhan vien, ngoai lUdng va thUdng, cdc doanh Lanh dao nghiep CNTT cdn cd nhieu cdng cu khac de giff chdn nhan vien nhu tinh hdp dan Tien luong cua cong viec, phong cdch lanh dao, mdi trUdng lam viec, dieu kidn lam viec, phiic ldi, ddo tao, NhUng cdng cu ndo Dong nghiep that sU hieu qua va mUc dd hieu qud Dao tao Id nhifng dieu khdng chi doanh nghidp ma nhieu nhd nghien cUu cdng rd't quan tam (Dieu kien lam viec Nghidn cUu tap trung xem xet tdc dong Moi trudng cija cac yeu to' nhu lUdng, phuc ldi, tinh chd't cdng viec, phong each lanh dao, mdi Phuc Ipi trUdng lam vide, dieu kien ldm viec, dao tao, quan he ddng nghidp vd thdng tid'n Thang tien cdng vide do'i vdi Idng trung thdnh vd nd lUc lam vide ciia nhdn vien CNTT Nfii dung nghien cu'u nhdn cdn thid't dd giiip dd td chffe lam vi6c Long trung vd no life cua nhan vidn Id thdnh cdng chu de dupe nhieu hpc gia nUdc va qud'c td' Su gdn ke't - long trung thdnh dffdc bieu hien ii quan tdm vide nhdn vidn co y dinh d lai lau dai cimg to chtfc, Spector (1997) da nghidn cUu va xdy dUng mot ca nhan dUdc de nghi ve mffe Iffdng bong mo hinh danh gia mdc dd hdi long va thai dp gdm hd'p ddn hdn tff cdc td chffe kbdc yd'u td' (1) lUdng, (2) c0,05 Sau dffa bie'n tren khdi phdn ticb ta dffdc bang kd't qua nhff sau: (Bang 1) Cac yeu to' chinh anh hudng dd'n nd lUc cua nhan vien dUdc xd'p theo mffe dp anh hUdng tff cao xud'ng thd'p la: cong viec-thang tie'n, dieu kien lam vide, tien lUdng-phtic ldi, moi trUdng ldm vide vd lanh dao Ye'u to' cdng vidc-thang tie'n cd mffe dp anh hffdng manh nhd^t vdi he so' Beta la 0,523, theo sau lan Iffdt la dieu kien lam viec va tien Iffdng-phuc ldi Hai yd'u to' cdn lai la mdi trUdng vd lanh dao, mac dd cd he sd anh hffdng it nhd't Id 0,216 va 0,208 nhung van dat mffe y nghia thd'ng ke Cac nhdn to' ddc lap cd the giai thich dffdc 58% nd lUc ldm viec cua nhan vien nhff theo bang R binh pbUdng So 22-Thang 12/2019 157 TAP CHi CONG THlfllNG Bang Ket qud phan tich hoi quy tdc ddng cua cdc nhan to len nd ILTC ldm vi#c H$ so ctiua ctiuan tioa H$ so ctiuin tioa t B Sai so chuan MQcyngtiTa Beta (Hang so) 1,621 ,293 5,534 ,000 Cong viec-thang tien ,434 ,082 ,523 5,289 ,000 ^ Lanti dao ,131 ,067 ,208 2,060 ,042 Tien luong-ptiuc loi ,242 ,079 ,307 3,055 ,003 MOI truclng ,139 ,067 ,216 2,280 ,037 Dieu l(ien ,426 ,080 ,517 6,309 ,000 Nguon: Tinh todn tU dU lieu dieu tra Bdng Ket qud phdn tich hoi quy tdc ddng cua cdc nhdn td len Idng trung thdnh H$ so chua chuan hoa H$ s ^ chuan hoa t B Sat so chuan (Hang so') 1,164 ,325 Cong viec-tliang tien ,253 ,088 Ml^c y nghTa Beta 3,578 ,001 ,311 2,868 ,005 ,041 Lanh dao ,143 ,098 ,199 1,899 Dao tao ,138 ,084 ,191 1,991 ,049 Tien iLiCng-phuc ioi ,290 ,089 ,327 3,257 ,002 IVloi trucing ,186 ,152 ,245 ,962 ,038 Dieu Itien ,197 ,111 ,260 2,584 ,011 Ngudn: Tinh todn id dd lieu dieu tra 4.2 Cdc nhdn to tdc dgng den sUgdn ket (long trung thanh) Phan tich hdi quy tuye'n tinh cho kd't qua khong dat dd'i vdi bid'n ddng nghiep co he sd Beta 0,062 vd mffe y nghTa la 0,585>O,05 Kd't qua phdn tich lan eho kd't qua nhff sau: (Bang 2) Cd the tha'y rdng, ede he sd tdc dong dd'n bid'n sff gan kd't cung dat dffdc mffe y nghia thdng kd nhffng ed he so' Beta khong Idn nhff tac ddng dd'n nd Iffc Cd bid'n dgc lap tdc ddng den sff gan kd't cua nhan vien, xd'p theo mffe anb hudng tff cao xudng tha'p la tien lUdng-phiic Idi, cong viecthdng tien, dieu kien ldm viec, mdi trUdng lam vide, lanh dao vd sau cung la ddo tao 158 So 22-Thdng 12/2019 Trong dd, tien lUdng-phtic ldi ed dnh htfdng manh nha't den sU gan kd't vdi he sd Id 0,327, theo sau la edng vidc-thang tie'n bie'n cdn lai tdc dong dd'n su gan ket dffdc phdn hang thff tU manh den yd'u la dieu kidn lam viec, mgi trUdng lam viec, lanh dao va dao tao Hai nhdn to sau ciing co tac dong khdng dang kd' vdi hd sd nhd hdn 0,2 Ca yd'u td tae ddng dd'n 54,7% dp bid'n thidn cua mffe dp gan ke't eua nhan vien Ke't lu^n Dd tdng hieu sud't cdng viec vd nd lUc ldm viec cua nhdn vien CNTT bdi canh hoi nhap vdi cuoc canh tranh ve ngudn nhdn lite vdi cdc doanh nghiep va ngodi nUdc, cac doanh QUAN TR!-QUANLY nghiep can lUu y rang: Iffdng khong phdi Id ye'u to' quan trpng nha't, quan trgng hdn la tinh hd'p ddn cd hpi thang tie'n edng viec va sif cung ca'p day du cd sd vat cha't vd didu kien lam viec cho nhan vien Cac yd'u to" mdi trUdng lam viec vd tdc phong lanh dao cung cin dUdc luu y vd cai thien Tuy nhien, dd giiJ chdn nhan vidn vd tranh "chay mau cha't xam", yd'u td lUdng-pbffc ldi lai dong vai trd quan nhd't, tie'p dd'n la tinh hd'p ddn-cd hgi thdng tie'n edng viec, dieu kien ldm viec, mdi trUdng lam vide, Idnb dao vd sau Cling la ddo tao Mot so' cdng cu tffng nhan to' ma ede doanh nghidp ed the' xem xet la: LUdng-phue ldi: Ngodi viec dam bao mffe Iffdng cao, doanh nghiep can dam bdo lUdng dffdc tra cdng bang (khdng cdo bang), tffdng xffng vdi mffe ddng gdp va cd cae hoat dong quan tdm tdi can bg nhan vien Dd'i vdi tinh chd't vd sff thang tie'n cdng vide, doanh nghidp can dam bao bd' tri dung ngffdi, diing vide; cd cdng cu thich bdp de ddnh gid hidu suat cdng vide, bd' tri cdng vide ed tinh thdch thffc, sang tao nd'u cd thd, ddng thdi ndu rd ede dieu kidn ein thid't de cd the dffdc thdng tie'n cho ngffdi lao ddng Ve mdi trUdng, khdng lam vide ITnh vifc CNTT, doanh nghiep can dam bao khdng ldm viec lich sU, hda nhd; dd'i xff cong bang, tao cam giac tin cdy ldn edng vide; dam bao tae phong lam vide khan trffdng, diing tie'n dp Ve dieu kidn lam vide, bao gdm may tinh, kd't nd'i internet, tang CNTT - ydu to' ddng vai trd rd't quan trpng nganh CNTT, doanh nghidp can dam bdo dieu kien ve mdy mdc, trang thie't bi can thid't de phat huy vai trd cua ngudn nhan lUc Cae cdng cu ddo tao vd Idnh dao cd vai trd khong qua quan trpng dd'i vdi ngUdi lao ddng linh vUc CNTT, cd the ngUdi lao dgng ITnh vUc coi trgng viec dUdc ldm cong vide phii hdp, mong muo'n dUdc dao tao qua cong viec hdn la dao tao ndng Do do, hp nhin ehung khdng can ngUdi "cam tay chi viec", ma cd the hoat dgng tUdng dd'i ddc lap dUdc giao cdng vide vdi cde ydu cdu ro rdng ve chd't lUdng va tie'n dd cdng vide • TAI LIEU THAM KHAO: / Hodng Trong vd Chu Nguyen Mong Ngoc (2008) Phdn tich didieu ngliien ciiu vdi SPSS Idp I & tap 2, NXB Hong Ddc.TP Ho Chi Minh Janet Cheng Lian Chew (2004) A Thesis The Influence of Human Resource management Practices on the Retention of Core Employees of Australian Organisations: An Empirical Study Murdoch University, July-2004 NguySn Dinh Thg (2011) PhUcmg phdp nghien cdu khoa hgc kinh doanh, Nhd xud't bdn Lao ddng - Xd hdi Spector, P.E (1997) Job Satisfaction- Applicadon, Assessment, Causes, and Consequences United KingdomSage Publications Ltd Slump, E (2001) Augustine on free will The Cambridge Companion to Augustine Thd tudng phdt bleu ket ludn hgi nghi Ban Chi dgo qudc gia ve hdi nhdp qud'c te'2019, Cong Thdng tin dien td Chinh pha (2019) Truy cdp tai htip://baochinhphu.vn/Cac-bai-phat-bieu-cua-Thu-tuong/Thu-tuong-phat-bieu-kelluan-hoi-nghi-Ban-chi-dao-quoc-gia-ve-hoi-nhap-quoC'te/364306.vgp Trdn Kim Dung vd Nguyin Thi Mai Trang (2007) Anh hudng ciia vdn hda to chdc vd phong cdch lanh dao de'n ke't qud ldm viec cda nhdn vien vd long trung thdnh ciia hg dd'i vdi to chiic Nghien cdu khoa hoc ca'p Bg Trudng Dgi hgc Kinh le'TP Hd Chi Minh, Ho Chi Minh Trdn Kim Dung (2009) Qudn tri nguon nhdn lUc, NXB Thd'ng ke TP Ho Chi Minh So 22-Thang 12/2019 159 TAP GHJ CONG THIfQNG Ngay nhan bai: 6/11/2019 Ngay phan bi^n danh gia va sufa chu'a: 16/11/2019 Ngay chdfp nh^n dang bai: 26/11/2019 Thong tin tdc gid: l.TS CHU TIEN DAT Chu tich HDTV VTC Digicom, Tdng cong ty VTC, BO Thong tin va Truyin thdng ThS T R U O N G MEVH TIEN Giang vi§n Trffdng Dai hoc Thdng Long FACTORS AFFECTING LOYALTY AND WORK EFFORT OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY STAFF IN THE CONTEXT OF INTEGRATION • PhD CHU TIEN DAT Chairman of Member Board of VTC Digicom, VTC Corporation, Ministry of Information and Communications • MA TRUONG MINH TIEN Lecturer of Thang Long University ABSTRACT: Human resource is considered a major asset of the business Research and executives have determined that employee satisfaction is a key factor to success Regarding Vietnamese enterprisesin the field of information technology (IT), human resources are the most valuable assets of enterprises and play an increasingly important role However, in the context of integradon, IT businesses must have solutions to increase labor productivity for workers, while preventing the "brain dram" when workers move to other businesses, job To find solutions to unprove productivity and retain workers, this study uses questionnaire Survey of employee attitudes in enterprises carried out by Assoc Prof PhD Tran Kim Dung The research results show that factors related to job-promotion, working conditions, salary-benefits, working environment and leadership have an impact on performance and work efforts; solutions related to salaries, benefits, promotions, working conditions, working environment, leadership and training will have an impact on employee loyalty and engagement on IT enterprises Keywords: Loyalty, work effort, information technology, integration 160 So 22-Thang 12/2019 ... Itien ,197 ,111 ,260 2,584 ,011 Ngudn: Tinh todn id dd lieu dieu tra 4.2 Cdc nhdn to tdc dgng den sUgdn ket (long trung thanh) Phan tich hdi quy tuye'n tinh cho kd't qua khong dat dd'i vdi bid'n... Slump, E (2001) Augustine on free will The Cambridge Companion to Augustine Thd tudng phdt bleu ket ludn hgi nghi Ban Chi dgo qudc gia ve hdi nhdp qud'c te'2019, Cong Thdng tin dien td Chinh pha... Thong tin tdc gid: l.TS CHU TIEN DAT Chu tich HDTV VTC Digicom, Tdng cong ty VTC, BO Thong tin va Truyin thdng ThS T R U O N G MEVH TIEN Giang vi§n Trffdng Dai hoc Thdng Long FACTORS AFFECTING