NHA NUOC VA PHAP LUAT NOI LUAT HOA CAC CAM KET TRONG HIEP DINH DOI TAC TOAN DIEN VA TIEN BO XUYEN THAI BINH DITONG VE BAO HO NHAN HIEU Nguy§n Thi Nguyet ThS Khoa Kinh tg-Luat, Pai hoc Thtfdng mai Thong tin b ^ viet: Tic khoa: CPTPP, bao hp nhan hiSu, so hiiu tri tu? Lich sir bai viet: NhfinbM : 17/3/2020 Bign tip : 27/3/2020 Duy?t bii : 05/4/2020 T6m tat; Trong ph^un vi bai vilt nay, tac gia phan tich cac thoa thu5n Hiep dinh Dii tac toan dien va tien bg xuyen Thdi Binh Duong (CPTPP) vfi bao hp nhan hieu, dii chieu vdi quy dinh cua phdp luat Viet Nam va dua m^t s6 ki6n nghi hoto thi?n phdp luat so hmi tri tu? vl bao hp nhan hi?u phii hpp voi CPTPP Article Infomation: Keywords: CPTTP; trademark protection, intellectual property Abstract: Within the scope of this article, the author analyzes the agreements in the Comprehensive and Progressive Agreement for Trans-Pacific Partnership (CPTPP) on trademark protection, makes comparisons with the provisions of Vietnamese laws and also provides a number of recommendations to improve the legal regulations on intellectual property, particularly on the trademark protection in accordance with the CPTPP Article History: Received Edited Approved 17 Mar 2020 27 Mar 2020 05 Apr 2020 Kh&i qu^t n$i dung cam kit Hi^p dfnh Dii t^c toan di^n va tien bp xuyen Thai Binh Du-ong ve bao h9 nhan hi@u So hiiu tri tue la mot nhiing vin dl duoc coi la kho nhit qua trinh dam p h ^ CPTPP Cac npi dimg dam phan dupe phan chia nhom chu yeu sau: (i) Nhom earn kit chung vl vi?c gia nh^p cac C6ng uoc vl sa hihx tri tu?; (ii) Nhom cac cam kit vl tieu chuan bao hp doi voi cac d6i tupng cua quyIn sa huu tri tu^; (iii) Nhom cac cam kit vl mpt s6 san phim so hihi tri tu^ d^c thii; (iv) Nhom cac cam kit lien quan tai viec thyc thi e^c quy In sa hviu tii m? Trong do, cam kit vl nhan hifu tap trung vao nhiing khia c^nh sau day: - D6i tupng dupe bao hp: Ngoai cac doi tupng truyin thing ma phap luat Vi?t Nam dang bao hp (nhu chir, lo;' hieu, tir ngir, hmh I NGHItN cuu DHAP I 11 A D // S 14 (414) - T7/2020 anh), CPTPP mo rpng ca am thanh, va khuyen khich cac nu6c bao hp ca miii huong v l viec phai bao hp nhan hi^u duoi hinh thiic am thanh, Viet Nam chi j)hai thuc hien nghia vy sau nam ke tu CPTPP CO hieu luc - p6i voi nhan hieu noi tiSng, CPTPP yeu cau cac nuoc kh6ng dupe lay tieu chi so lupng cac qu6c gia da bao ho nhan hieu, da cong nh^n nhan hieu noi tieng hoac da nim danh myc nhan hieu noi tieng de quyet dinh bao hp nhan hipu noi tieng Phap luat Viet Nam hifn vIn c6n mot so tieu chi d ^ g nay, vi vay, se phai dieu chinh cho phu hgp - Thai gian bao hp: CPTPP yeu cau cac nuac vien phai bao hp nhan hieu thuong mai t6i thieu 10 nam, v^ co the dupe gia han nhilu iin, tuong ti; phap luat Vi?t Nam hi$n hanh NHA NirdC VA PHAP LUAT - Quyen eua chit so hihi: Chu thi co dac quydn ngan can cac chii thi khac su dyng cac dau hieu (bao gim ca chi din dia ly CO sau) gi6ng het hoac tuong ty cho cac san pham hang hoa, dich vu cimg logi hoac gan vai loai hang hoa, dich vy da dang ky nhan hi6u cua minh nlu viec sir dyng c6 the gay nham Ian (dau hieu trung hoac dupe suy doan duong nhien la "co the gay nhim Ian" Tuy nhien, CPTPP vln cho phep viec sir dung cdc thuSt ngii mo ta co nhan hieu neu viec sir dyng tinh, va co tinh den Ipi ich cua chii nhan hieu va cac ben thii ba - Cai each thii tuc hanh chinh: CP'iTP yeu cau cac nuac vien phai ap dung cac bien phap cu the dk dam bao thu tyc h^nh chinh ngan gpn, minh bach dang ky, gia han nhan hi^u thuong mai, dam bao CO hpi phan hoi ciia nguoi nop dcm ciing nhu CO hpi phan doi ciia cac bSn thu ba, ding thdi khuyen khich cac nuac su dyng he thong dang ky nhan hieu thuong mai dipn tu de minh bach hoa cac quy trinh CPTPP CO hieu lye doi voi Viet Nam tu ng^y 14/01/2019, Vi?t Nam cin thyc thi cam ket theo 16 trinh dupe dat CPTPP Qu6c hpi da thong qua Luat sira doi, b6 sung mpt so dieu ciia LuSt Kinh doanh bao hiem, Luat So hirutiitue (Luat s6 42/2019/QH14), CO cac npi dung lien quan den bao hp nhan hieu D6i voi cac nghia vy co thai gian cliuyen tigp 3-5 nam lien quan den viec phai sira dii Luat So huu tri tue (bao hp nhan hieu Sm thanh, bao dam th6ng tin vk thai gian cho chii bing sang che thuc thi quyen truoc san phim dupe dua thi truong, bao hp doc quyen dii voi dii li?u thir nghiem nong hoa pham, thim quyen mac nhien tien hanh cac thil tuc bien giai ciia co quan hai quan), Cyc So huu tri tue dang tiln hanh nghien ciiu va xay dyng cac phuong an thi hanh mpt each CO hieu qua nhit, tii xac dinh phuong an sira dii cac quy dinh ciia Luat Sa hiiu tri tue dl dua vao Chucmg trinh xay dung luat, phap l?nh cua Quic hpi theo Ip tiinh de c6 hi?u luc vao nam 2022 Nhirng quy dinh da duwc sua d6i LuSt Sof hihi tri tu6 ve bao hp nhan hi?u Luat So hiiu tri tue nam 2005, siia doi nam 2009, nam 2019 (Luat So hiiutiitue) CO ba sira d6i co ban dii voi quy dinh vl bao hp nhan hieu, ba sy sua dii viia nhim phil hpp voi cac quy dinh cua CPTPP vira khac phyc dupe mot s6 han chi ciia Luat vl bao hp nhan hieu Mpt Id, phdp ludt cong nhan viec su dung nhan hieu ciia nguai nhan chuyen nhuang nhan hiiu ciing chinh Id hdnh vi sic di^ng nhan hieu cua chu sa hihi Chii so huu nhan hieu co nghia vy phdi six dung nhan hieu ma minh dupe bao hp kh6ng gian doan gua nam Trong truong hpp ngupe lai, bat k^ nguoi nao ciing c6 quyen yeu cau Cyc So hiiu tri tu? dmh chi hieu luc van bang bao ho Dilu nhim han che tinh trang mpt s6 chii the chi dang ky nhan hi?u rna khong su dyng chung; sau dung van bang bao hp ban lai cho nhiing nguoi CO nhu cau sir dyng nhan hieu Vi?c quy dinh nghia vy sii dung nhan hieu dupe dp dyng hau het cac nuoc, nham tSp trung vao muc tieu t6i hau ciia viec bao hp nhan hieu: bao hp uy tin sang tao cua cdc chu the Khoan Dieu 136 Luat So hixu tri tu? quy dinh chu so hiiu nhan hieu co nghia vy sii dyng nhan hieu mpt each lien tyc, neu kh6ng sir dyng lien tuc nam nam, van bang bao hp nhan hieu bi cham dirt hieu lye Nhu vay, khoan Dieu 136 chi de cap dSn viec chii so hiru phai la nguoi trye tiep sir dyng nhan hieu, tai diem d khoan DiSu 95 Luat So hiiu tri tue quy dinh viec cham dut hieu lye cua van bang bao ho nhu sau: "Nhan hieu khong dupe chii so huu hoac ngucri dupe chu so hiiu cho phep sir dyngti-ongthai han nam nam lien tyc truoc co yeu cau cham diit hieu lye ma khong co ly chinh dang, trii truomg hpp viec sir dung dupe bat dau hoac bat dau lai tnroc it nliit ba thang tinh din co yeu cau chim dut hieu lye" Quy dinh ciia Dilu 95 la hpp ly va ro rang hon, thong nhdt voi khodn Dieu 143 Luat, vl chuyen quyIn sir dyng doc quyen doi vai nhan hi?u ma kh6ng lam anh huang din hipu luc ciia NGHllN c v u I I E S614(414)-T7/202O\_|AP PHAP ' "' NHA NUOC VA PHAP LUAT van bang bao hp: "1 Hop dong doc quyen khong c6 nhung han chi vl dang ky la hpp dong ma theo d6 pham vi va chuyen nhupng nhan hipii nhu o Viet Nam thoi, han chuyen giao, ben du^c chuyen Chuyen quyIn six dyng dii voi so huu quyen dupe doc quyen sir dung doi topng so c6ng nghiep dupe quy dinh tai Dilu 141 huu cdng nghi$p, ben chuyen quyen kh6ng Luat So huu tri tup, iheo "Chuyin quyen dupe ky ket hop dong su dyng doi tuong so sir dyng doi tupng so huu c6ng nghi?p la huu c6ng nghi?p voi bat k^ ben thii ba nao vipc chu so hiru quyIn so huu c6ng nghi?p va chi dupe sir dyng doi tupng so huu c6ng cho phep t6 chiic, ca nhan khac su dyng doi nghiep neu dupe phep cua ben dupe tupiig so huu cong nghipp thupc phgm vi chuyen quyIn" quyen sir dyng cixa minh" Trong cac van Ben canh do, CPTPP cung quy dinh bdn phap luat iSiieu nuoc trgn thi gioi vd ciia khong ghi nhan hop dong chuyen giao quyen nude ta tru6c ddy, hoat dpng ndy dupe gpi sir dyng (h-xang), khong ben nao dupe yeu la li-xang Day chi la vi?c "cho phep" sir cau ghi iihjin hpp dong chuyen giao quyen dyng d6i tupng so hiru cong nghiep chii kh6ng phai Id "ban dut" quyen so hiru c6ng sit dyng nhan hi?u: nghipp (a) Nhim thilt lap hieu luc ciia hpp dong chuyen giao quyen su dyng: hoac Khoan Dilu 148 Ludt So hiru tri tu? quy dinh: "Hop dong sit dyng doi tupng so (b) Nhu la dieu kien de yipe sir dyng hiru c6ng nghipp co hipu lye theo thoa thuan nhan hipu boi ngu6i nhan chuyen giao quyen giiia cac ben, nhung chi co gid tri phdp ly d6i sii dyng dupe xem lihu la sir dyng boi nguoi vcri ben thu ba da dupe dang ky tai co nim quyen thii tyc li^n quan toi viec quan quan ly nha nuoc ve quyen so hihi xac lap, tri vd thuc thi nhan hieu c6ng nghipp" Nhu vay, theo Lu^t ndy cho De phu hop vdi quy dinh eua phep vipc chuyen giao quyen sii dyng nhan CPTPP, khodn Dilu 136 LuEit So hiiu tii lii?u giira hai to chiic, cd nhan co thi chuyin tup quy dinh: "Chii so hiju nJian hieu co giao vd phdt sinh quyen giua hai doi tupng nghia vy sir dyng lien tyc nhan hipu Viec su ma kh6ng, can dang ky, nhung phdt dyng nhan hi?u boi ben nhan chuyen quyen suih tranh chap thi quy diiji cung kh6ng eo theo hop dong sir dyng nhan hieu cilng dupe gid tri phdp ly doi voi ben thu ba coi Id hdnh vi sir dyng nhan hieu ciia chii s6 hihi nhan hieu Trong truong hpp nhan hieu () mpt s6 qu6c gia, phap luat khong yeu kh6ng duQTC sii dung lien tuc tir nam nam tro cdu phai dang ky k^ hpp dong chuyen giao ISn thi Giay chiing nh^n dang ky nhan hieu quyen so hiru cong nghipp doi voi nhan lii?u; d6,bi cham dut hi$u lye theo quy dinh tai vi dy, phdp luat bao hp nhan hieu ciia Anh Dilu 95 ciia Luat ndy" Luat Nhan hieu nam 1994 (thay the Luat Hai Id, thicq nhan gid tri phdp ly cda Nhan hipu nam 1938)ciiaAnhdaloaib6cac hpp dong chuyin quyen sic dung nhan hieu dieu khoan ve viec dang ky ngucri su dyng truac ben thu ba khong cdn cic vdo viec dang nhan hieu ma thay vdo la tri mpt miu ky hay khong ddng ky tai Cue Sa hieu tri tue dang ky li-xang nhan hieu voi myc dich de Nhgm hipu la tdi san de chuyen nhupng minh bach hoa cac chi tiet co ban ciia vipc li-xang nhan hieu Cy the, muc dich cua viec nhung rit kho xac dirdi, kho ddnh gia va kho dang ky hpp ding li- xang nhan hi^pu Id bao vp NIU kh6ng kiem sodt, cac ben co the th6ng bao voi ben thu ba biet vl sy tin ^ i khai gia cua giao dich qud cao nham chuyen cua vipc li-xang nhan hipu ndy vd cung cap von nuoc,ngoai, hoac trdnh thue Tuy nhien, viec kiSm sodt giao dich th6n_g qua co nhiing quyen han cho nguoi nhan li-xang chi dang ky doi gay hau qua bat Ipi hon bi xam phgm qu>;en' Id CO Ipi Viet Nam se bi mat Ipi the canh tranh Khodn 27 Dilu 18 CPTPP da loai bo vin vdi cac nuac khac, mpt phan vi a cac nuoc de ndy, quy dinh ro rdng rang, kh6ng mpt Hoang Lan Phuomg (2019), Phip lii^t quoc te ve chuyen quyfin su dung doi v6i nhan hi?u vi nhimg khuyen nghi cho Vi?t Nam, T?p chi Nghien cuu Lgp phap s6 (388) ciru / 16 NOHitH L A P P H A P ^ S i 14 (414) - T7/2020 NHA NUOC VA PHAP LUAT han hipu luc nhan hieu va mpt he th6ng qu6c gia vien nao co thi yeu ciu dang thong tin dipn tir ma de co the truy cap e6ng ky cap phep sir dyng nhan hieu dl thilt lap cong, tra ciiu nhan hieu true tuyen Theo hi^u luc cua vipc cap phep De tuan thii khodn 24 Dilu 18 eua^(:PTPP vl "He thing khoan 27 Dilu 18 CPTPP, Luat So him tii nhan hieu dien tu", moi qu6c gia vien tu| da,sira dii Dilu 136 va Dilu 148 Theo phdi cung cdp: (i) mpt he th6ng cho don xin do, d6i voi cac loai quyen so huu cong dang ky dien tir va tri nhan hieu; va (ii) nghiep dupe xdc lap tren co so dang ky theo quy dinh tai dilm a khodn Dieu cua Luat mpt he th6ng th6ng tin dien tir co san, cong khai, bao g6m ca so du lieu trye tuyen, ve ndy, hpp ding su dyng dii tuong so hihi cac don xin dang ky nhan hieu vd nhan hieu cong nghiep co, hieu luc theo thoa thuan giua da dang ky cac ben; hpp ding sir dung doi tupng so hiiu cong nghiep tai khodn Dieu nay, trir hpp TirtiTiockhi CPTPP c6 hieu lye, Nghi d6ng sir dung nhan hieu, phai dang ky tai co quylt si 36a/NQ-CP 14/12/2015 cua quan quan ly nha nuac ve quyen so hiiu Qhinh phii ve "Chinh phu dien tir" quy dinh cong nghiep moi co gia tri phdp ly d6i voi ve yeu cdu xay dyng he thong th6ng tin quan ben thir ba ly de tdi, dy dn khoa hpc, e6ng nghe tren Nhu vay, cac giao dich chuyen giao mang di?n tir vd thyc hien dang ky bao hp nhan hi?u giiia cac ben voi ldi6ng can quyen so htm cong nghiep qua mang dipn tii thilt phdi dang ky tai Cue So huu tri tue ya (dang ky nhan hieu true tuyen) Thuc hien CO gia tri phap ly doi vai tat ca cac ben Dieu Nghi quylt ndy Cue So hiiu tri tue da xay dang hudmg den su dan gian hoa dung he thing nop don dien tir tiirc tuyen thu tiic hanh chinh, tao thuan loi hon cho doi voi cac d6i tupng so hihi cong nghi?p, doanh nghiep cac giao dich Tuong ti;, co nhan hieu va he thong ndy da mo quy dinh vl chuyin giao giiia chii hoat dpng tu nam 2017 thi kh6ng cin dang ky tai (!^uc So huu tri tue, Ben canh do, 24/9/2018, Vipt Nam vin dl ddm bao ghi nhan bang chiing nguoi da CO nhirng thoa thuan hpp tdc vai To chiic dupe ehuyin giao dang su dung la can thiet, So him tri tue thi gioi (WIPO) Trong dp, vd doanh nghiep phai biet de tranh thiet hai, WIPO se cimg cap mien phi vd ho tro trien riii ro Do chuyen giao giiia hai chu the khai phdn mim WIPO IPAS tai Cue So hihi khdng dang ky nen npi dung hpp dong tri tue Ngoai ra, cdc chuyen gia cua WIPO se chuyen giao cac doanh nghiep phai kiem h6 tro Cyc So hiiu tii tue xay dung niot trang soat cin than Boi thyc tl cho thay, hpp d6ng thu vien dien tii moi, d6 la he thong "Thu chuyin giao cdc doanh nghiep d6i dua vien s6 vl so hiiu cong nghiep" tren nen tang vdo nhung dilu khodn bit loi cho chinh WIPO f^Iblish Thu vien se giiip nguoi minh; vay, doanh, nghiep can phdi nam dung CO thi tra cuu ddy du cdc thong tin ve dupe quy dinh moi dl ddm bao quyen cac dii, tuong so hiru c6ng nghiep da dupe Ba Id, quy dinh ve nop ho satruc tuyen cong bl vai tmi suit cap nhat th6ng tin theo chu ky c6ng bl 01 lin/01 tiiang^ Cdc dich vy cong trye tuyen^ dich vu Nhu vay, cho din truac thai diem onlme cin dupe phdt tiiln la dieu tat yeu, tao CPTPP, Viet Nam da xay dung dupe he tinh minh bach va nhanh chong tien loi thing dien tii phyc vy cho viec nop dcm va cho cdc tl chiic, cd nhan ciing nhu phia co tra ciru nhan hieu Tuy nhien, he thing quan quan ly nha nuac chua dupe hoan thien vd can dupe tiep D6i voi viec dang ky bao hp quyen sa hihiti:itue noi chung cung nhu bao hp ,nhan tuc nang cip de dap ling nhu cau ve tra cim nhan hieu, dang ky bao hp nhan hieu ngdy hipu noi lieng cihig,kh6ng ngoai le Van de cdng tang ndy cdng tro nen cap thiet CPTPP yeu ciu cac nu6c thdnh vien phai thiet lap mpt BQ dam bao ve mat phap ly cho viec hp thing dipn tii tivc tuyen de nop dcm, gia Cue So hihi tri tu?, Cvc So hir tri tu? thu nghiem h? thing "Thu vi?n so ve so him cong nghiep" tren nen tang WIPO Publish ^ NGHI£N Cini I yt S614(414)-T7/2020\^LAP P H A P '' NHA NUOC VA PHAP LUAT dang ky nhan hieu trye tuyen phu hpp vdi thay dupe duoi dang chii cai, tii ngii, hinh yeu cau cua CPTPPj Luat So huu tri tue da ve, huih anh, kl cd hinh ba chieu ho^c sy ket bo sung khodn Dieu 89 nhu sau: hop cdc y§u tl do, dupe thi hien bang mpt "3 Dcm ddng ky xdc lap quyen sa hieu hoac mpt si mau sdc nhit dinh Phdp luat cong nghiep duac nop dual hinh thiec van bdnViet Nam chi bdo h$ nhung diu hieu co thi & dqng giay cho ca quan qudn ly nhd nuac vi nhan bilt dupe blng tiii giac quyen sa hihi cong nghiep hoac dang di^n tu Tuy nhien, khodn 18 Dilu 18 CPTPP quy theo hf thong nop dan true tuyin" dinh khong ben ndo dupe yeu ciu nhan hieu phdi Id dang nhhi thay moi dupe nop don xin Quy dinh tren thue sy phu hop voi b6i bdo hp, ciing nhu ca quan co thdm quyen canh cong nghp s6 cdng phdt trien, cung kh6ng dupe tu eh6i don dang ky cua chu dong thai tao thuan Ipi cho cdc chii so huu don chi vi nhan hieu xin dang ^ duoi dang nhan hieu hp tiln hdnh nop don yeu cau am Ngodi ra, moi quoc gia thdnh vien cdp van bang bao hp deu CO trach nhiem n6 luc de tien hdnh mo Tiep tuc hodn thifn LuSt Sor hihi tri tuf dang ky cho cac nhan hieu mui huong vl bao h$ nhan hif u Nhu vdy, CPTPP da dat cho cac quoc De bao dam thue thi cam ket gia thdnh vien nhipm vy phai nhanh chong CPTPP ve bdo hp nhan hipu, chiing toi cho thiet lap co che bao hp doi voi cac nhan hieu rang can tiep tyc hoan thi?n quy dinh ciia phi truyin th6ng md truoc het Id nhan hieu Ludt Sd hihi tri tu? ve mpt s6 van de sau: am Da co qu6c gia s6 11 qu6e Mpt Id, mdf rpng phgm vi doi tuprng gia vien CPTPP quy dinh ve bdo hp du^c bdo hp Id nhan hieu Che d0 bdo hO nhan hieu khde biet giira nhan hieu am thanh, qu6c gia thdnh vien chap thuan bao hp nhan hipu mui,riengVi?t cdc qu6c gia gay anh hucmg khong nho toi Nam vd Malaysia chua chap thuan bdo h$ quyen va Ipi ich cua cdc chii so hiru nhan "dau hieu khong nhin thay dupe" Id nhan hi?u hoEit dpng kinh doanh qu6c te, dac bi?t vin de n6i epra hi?n Id xac dinh cac hi^u bao g6m ca nhan hipu la am vd mui^ Bdo hp nhan hipu phi truyen thong la dau hi?u dupe bao hp la nhan hi?u Ben canh mpt npi dung moi cho phdp luat so huu tri nhan hieu hinh la nhan hieu truyen th6ng tu? ciia Vi|t Nam Theo cam ket, Vi?t Nam dupfc bdo h6, cac nuoc co nen kinh te phdt trien nhu My, Anh, Nhat deu quy dinh ve se phdi dieu chinh cdc quy dinh de bdo hp nhan hi?u dm dioi han nam ke bdo hp cac nhan hieu phi truyen thong nhu tii CPTPP co hieu lye Sytiiayd6i ndy miii, am Boi vay, cdc chu so hihi CO the se dan den thay doi can bdn todn bp ciia cac nhan hi?u tien hanh luu th6ng hang hoa sdn phdm cua mmh sang cac CO che dang ky vd bdo hp nhan hieu tai Vi?t Nam Viec bdo hp nhan hipu am thanh, miii qu6c gia khac ciing mong muon cac diu hieu huang se giiip doanh nghipp yen tam sang d6 dupe bao hp la nhan hi?u cac nuoc Theo tinh than ciia Hi?p dinh Trips, Ludt tao vai nhirng y tuong ciia ininh Tuy nhien, day ciing la thdch thiic cho cdc co quan qudn So hihi tri tu? Vi?t Nam moi chi dimg lai o ly vd thuc thi so hihi tri tu? ciing nhu cac vi?c bdo hp cac dau hi?u truyen th6ng Id nghipp Viet Nam chua co nhilu doanh nhan hi?u Cy the tai quy dinh tgi khodn kiSn thuc vd kinh nghipm ve loai nhan hi?u Dilu 72 Luat S6 huu tri tue, dau hieu dupe moi ndy ddng ky la nhan hieu phdi Id dau hieu nhin Nguyen Khanh Linh, Thyc tien bao hp nhan hi^u am va mm a cac nuoc phat trien va ggi y cho Vi?t Nam https://vjst.vn/vn/tin-tuc/2736/thuc-tien-bao-ho-nhan-hieu-am-thanh-va-mui-o-cac-nuoc-phat-inen-va-goiy-cho-viet-nam.aspx Cini / 18 NGHItN LAP P H A P ^ S 14 (414) - T7/2020 NHA NUOC VA PHAP LUAT Vi?t Nam co thi tilp thu kinh nghiem l^p phdp cung nhu thyc tien bdo ho tu cac quoc gia de xay dyng mpt co chi bdo hp rieng cho cd nhan hieu dm vd mui Khi thyc hien cam kit bdo ho nhan hi?u la am ding nghia vol viec chiing ta phdi sua doi cac quy dinh vl bao ho nhan hieu, cu thi: Thie nhdt, sira d6i, b6 sung khoan Dieu 72 Luat So hihi tri tue vl xdc dinh cac diu hieu duoc bdo hp nhan hipu theo hu6ng, ben canh bdo hp nhan hieu Id ddu hieu c6 the nhin thay dupe thi bdo hp d6i voi dau hieu khong nhin thay dupe; dong thai, can bo sung quy dinh de chi ro th^ ndo Id dau hieu dm co the duoc bdo h6 Thu hai, sira doi, b6 sung Dieu 73, Dieu 74 Luat So huu tri tue theo huang loai trir cdc dau hieu kh6ng nhin thay duoc kh6ng dupe coi la nhan hieu, vd cdc tnrang hpp nhan hipu am bi coi la kh6ng co khd nang phan biet Hai Id, hoan thi^n tieu chi bao hd nhan hieu noi tieng Nhan hieu n6i tilng thucmg bi xam pham dii v6 tinh hay hiru y Do vay, bao hp dii voi nhan hipu nli tilng lu6n la vin de duoc quan tam cua nhilu quIc gia Khi tra t h ^ thdnh vien cua C6ng uoc Paris 1883 va Hipp dinh TRIPS, Viet Nam da tich cyc xay dung cdc quy dinh vl bao h^ nhan hieu nli tilng dl thyc hien cdc cam ket cac dieu uoc quoc te Mptti-ongcac noi dung quanti-pngti-ong bao hp nhan hieu nli tilng la xac dinh cac tieu chi danh gia mice dp noi tilng cua nhan hieu M6i quIc gia se dua cae quy dinh ve tieu chi la khde Tuy nhien, cac tieu ehi diu huong din viec lam ro muc dp anh huong eua nhan hieu dii vdi nguoi tieu diing vd nen kinh tl Tren thi gioi, cac qule gia thudng duati-enhai nguyen tic: nguyen tic "quyIn uu tien" (first-to-file) va nguyen tic "quyIn sir dyng" (fust-to-use) ap dyng cho viec dang ky bdo hp d6i voi cac d6i tupng so hiru c6ng nghiep, do, nguyen tac quyen uu tien dang ky duoc sir dyng bien hon cd Dii voi nhan hieu nli tieng, vi?c bdo hp khong chi dupe thuc hien tren CO so nguyen tac "quyen uu tien" (first-tofile) md dya tren nguyen tic "quyIn sir dung" (fust-to-use)" Do vay, nhan hi?u hdng hoa noi tieng co the dupe bao hp ca chiing chua dupe dang ky boi co quan co tham quyen O Viet Nam, ben canh vi?e dua dinh nghia chinh thiie ve nhan hieu n6i tieng, phdp luat so hihi tri tue eon dua nhirng tieu chi cy the de xac dinh mot nhan hi?u Id n6i tieng Day cung la hdnh dpng cy the ddm bdo viec thuc hien nghia vy vien cua Vipt Nam ky ket Cong uac Paris Viet Nam ciing xay dung co che bdo hp dac biet cho nhan hieu noi tieng, ciing nhu nhieu qule gia khde, chap nhan bao hp cho nhan hieu n6i tilng dua tren nguyen tac "quyen su dung" (first-to-use) Theo khodn Dilu Nghi dinh si 103/2013/ND-CP huong dan thi hdnh mot si dilu ciia Luat So him tri tu? vl so huu cong nghiep (Nghi dinh s6 103), quyIn so hiiu cong nghipp d6i vai nhan hi?u nli tilng dupe xdc lap tren co so thyc tien sir dyng rpng rai nhan hieu theo quy dinh cua bieu 75 Luat So hiiu tri tue ma kh6ng cdn thyc hien thiitiicdang ky nhan hipu nhu cac nhan hieu thong thuong Ben canh do, khodn 6, khoan Dieu 75 Luat So hiru tri tue ciing xdc dinh tieu chi ddnh gia mite dp nli tieng cua nhan hipu thong qua viec xem xet so luong qule gia bdo hp nhan hieu va si luong qu6c gia cong nhan nhan hieu la noi tieng Tieu chi ndy dirih lupng tao sy de dang cho eac co quan co thdm quyIn xdc nhan muc dp nli tilng cua nhan hieu, dingtiioigian tilp cong nhan viec ap dyng nguyen tac "quyIn iru tien" (first-to-file), nguoc voi nguyen tac ThS Phan Ngpc Tam, Bao hp nhan hifu nli ti^ng theo phap luat chau Au va Hoa Ky, Tap chi Khoa hgc phip ly s6 4/2006, https://thongtinphapluatdansu.edu.vn/2008/02/20.'798/ ^ NGHI£N CUU I i n S6 14 (414) - T7/2020^ L A P P H A P * * NHA NUOC VA PHAP LUAT "quyen sir dyng" (first-to-use) duoc de cap den tai khodn 20 Dieu Luat So hiru tri tue va khoan Dieu Nghi dinh s6 103 Chung toi cho rang, thuc tien sii dyng la mpt tieu ehi quan trpng nhat de mpt nhan hieu dupe cong nhan Id mpt nhan hieu n6i tieng Chinh nha qua trinh sir dyng lien tyc md nhan hieu m6i dupe nguoi tieu dung biet den Ngodi ra, co su mau thuan giira quy dinh ciia khodn Dilu 75 v l s i lupng quoc gia bao hp nhan hieu va quy dinh ciia khoan 20 Dilu Ludt So hiru tri tue Dinh nghia tai Dilu chi yeu cau nhan hieu noi tieng chi can dupe nguoi tieu diing biet den rpng rai tren toan lanh th6 Viet Nam tieu ehi c6ng nhan lai neu s6 lupng quoc gia CPTPP quy dinh v l tieu chi xac dinh mire dp n6i tilng cua nhan hieu nhu sau: "Khong B8n ndo duoc quy dinh ring dilu ki?n d l xdc dinh mpt nhan hieu la n l i tilng Id nhan hieu da duoc dang ky tai Ben hoac mot lanh t h i tai phan khac, hoac dupe liet ke mpt danh sach cac lihan hieu n6i tieng, hoac da duoc c6ng nhan la mpt nhan hieu n l i tilng" Nhu vay, CPTPP yeu cau cdc nuoc khong duoc lay tieu chi so lupng cac q u l e gia da bdo ho nhan hieu, da cong nhan nhan hieu n6i tieng hoac da nam danh myc nhan hieu noi tieng de quyet dinh bdo hp nhan hieu noi tieng Vi v|y, de phu hpp voi yeu cau ciia CPTPP, can sira ddi Dieu 75 Luat So hihi tri tue theo huang b6 quy dinh cua khodn vd khodn ve tieu chi danh gid nhan hieu n l i tilng • TAI LIEU THAM KHAO ID 11 12 13 14 15 Cyc Sa huu tri tu?, Bao cao tong ket Luat Kinh doanh bao hiem, Ludt Sa hihi tri tu? Cyc Sa hihi tri tu?, Cue Sa hiru tn tu4 thu nghiem he thong "Thu vien so visa huu cong nghiep" tren nen tang WIPO Publish Dy thao sua doi Luat Sa him tri tu? "Vupt tran" catn ket CPTPP, https://www.thieiinhien.net/ 2019/05/06/du-thao-sua-doi-luat-so-huu-tri-tue-vuot-tran-cam-ket-cptpp/ Interilectual Property Code of France (1992-1996), Art.L711, http://vi'ww.wipo.int/clea/docs_new/pdfi'en/fr/fr065en.pdf.l8/2/2013 Hi?p dinh ve cac khia canh lien quan tai thucmg mjii cua quyIn Sa hihi tri tue (gpi tat la Hi?p dinh TRIPS, ky 15/4/1994 tai Marrakesh, Marroc) Hoang Lan Phuong (2019), Phdp luat quoc te ve chuyen quyen sir dung doi vai nhan hieu vd nhimg khuyin nghi cho Vi^t Nam, T^p chi Nghien ciru Lap phap so (388) TS Le Dinh Nghi & TS Vu Thi Hai Yin (2009), Giao trinh Luat Sd him tri tue, Nha xuit ban Giao dye Vi?t Nam Le Nit, Quyen sa hint tri tue, Nha xuat ban Dai hpc quoc gia TP H6 Chi Minh, 2006 Le Xuan Thao (2007), Hoi nhap quoc te vd doi mdi ca che th\rc thi, bdo ho quyen sa hihi tri tue ciia Vi4t Nam, Tgp chi Cong san (so 4) Nguyen Khanh Linh, Thuc tien bdo hp nhan hieu dm vd miii a cdc nude phdt trien vdgpi y cho Viet Nam: https://vjst.vn/vn/tin-tuc/2736/thuc-tien-bao-ho-nhan-hieu-am-thanh-va-mui-ocac-nuoc-phat-trien-va-goi-y-cho-viet-nam.aspx Nguyen Anh Tii (2008), Bdo hp nhan hiiu theo phdp lu^t Cong hoa Phdp, Tap chi Luat hpc (so 12), trang 47-48 Ths Phan Ngoc Tam, Bao hp nhan hieu noi tilng theo phap luat chau Au va Hoa Ky, Tap chi Khoa hpc phap ly si 4/2006;https://thongtinphapluatdansu.edu.vii/2008/02/20/798/ TS Phung Trung Tap (2004) Cdc yeu to cua quyen Sa hihi tri tue, Nha xuit ban Tu phap Sira ddi Luat sd hihi tri tue cho phii hap vdi cdc quy dinh cua Hi^p dinh CPTPP, http://visionassociates.com/vi/amendments-to-the-law-on-intellectual-property-in-the-light-of-the-cptpp/ Van ki?n Hi?p dinh CPTPP va cac tom tit (ban tilng Vi?t dupe djch bai VCCI) cuu I 20 I1NGHItN L A P P H A P _JS6 14 (414) - T7/2020 ... hoa cac quy trinh CPTPP CO hieu lye doi voi Viet Nam tu ng^y 14/01/2019, Vi?t Nam cin thyc thi cam ket theo 16 trinh dupe dat CPTPP Qu6c hpi da thong qua Luat sira doi, b6 sung mpt so dieu ciia... so huu nhan hieu co nghia vy phdi six dung nhan hieu ma minh dupe bao hp kh6ng gian doan gua nam Trong truong hpp ngupe lai, bat k^ nguoi nao ciing c6 quyen yeu cau Cyc So hiiu tri tu? dmh chi... phep cua ben dupe tupiig so huu cong nghipp thupc phgm vi chuyen quyIn" quyen sir dyng cixa minh" Trong cac van Ben canh do, CPTPP cung quy dinh bdn phap luat iSiieu nuoc trgn thi gioi vd ciia khong