... the goal of WTO dispute settlement has, in turn, led to case law on the level of permitted trade optimal protection of international law in the field of international refugee law, the idea of tradable ... relevance of the analysis against the current state of protection of international law Chapter assesses the rules of back-up enforcement of international law, that is, how international law reacts ... state of international law, in contrast, the levels and types of protection or ‘‘bindingness’’ of international law commitments are surprisingly uniform (besides so-called soft law, a set of norms...