. Khong phai dau con a! Tu khi con di, ciia nha minh chua bao gid khoa Me so liic nao do con tra ve ma m^ kh6ng c6 6 day de mo ciia cho con!
sanh Tac gia chi lay mpt vi du neu mpt bieu hien da tra thanh ne'p so'ng: "Ben
^hdp, moi khi c6 nguoi quyen thehoqc chinh phu lay sue manh ma de nen quyen loi ^^g cua mot nguoi hay mot hoi nao, thi nguoi ta keu ndi hoqc chong cu, hoqc thi oai,
Hn dung ki cho den dugc cong trinh moi nghe". Hi?n tupng nay ro la xa la voi
•^guoi Vi^t Nam thoi do. Xa la boi theo tac gia hp co "doan the", co "cong due" -
'^ghia la hp co cpng dong, co y thuc xa hpi, hay diing hon la dan tri da phat ^'ie'n 6 miic cao. Ro rang day la diem yeu, la dieu xa la voi eon nguoi Vi^t Nam ^'ie'n 6 miic cao. Ro rang day la diem yeu, la dieu xa la voi eon nguoi Vi^t Nam ^hu 6 tren da noi.
V^y tht^c trang cua cai gQi la y thiic xa hpi, y thiic cpng dong thieu d nuoc
ta la gi? Theo nhu tac gia chi ra, ta nhan thay mpt thyc te: "ai chet m a c ai, sorig
khep kin, bo bo mot minh". Tuy nhien, dieu dang noi la tac gia khong chi dung
l^i 6 vi§c chi ra bieu hi^n, ong con tim trong can nguyen cua no. Ngugc lai xa
xua, ta thay ro cha ong ta khong day nhu the. Cau tuc ngix: "Khong ai be dm ca
nam " ma tac gia dien ta chiing to dieu do. NghTa la, "dan toe Viet Nam nay hoi cff
sa cung biel doan the, biet cong ich, biet gop gio thanh bao, gium eay lam rieng..,-
Cuoi cung, nguyen nhan chinh la do ke cam can nay mvc may tram nam tro lai
day. Bpn hp vi mac can b^nh man "ham cjuyen tudc, ham bd vinh hoa" chi biet c6
vua, khong biet c6 dan, chi lo ninh vua khong tron vi^c cham dan. D^y dan
may ai th?m chi con "pha tan tdnh doan the eua quae gia".
DQC vSn ban, ta con nhan ra rat ro thai dp cua Phan Chau Trinh. Ong cam
ghet, khinh bi bpn nay den tpt dp. Bat dau tu each go la "dam" "ke", "ban" tat
ca chiing deu "liic nhuc" nhu gioi bp. Roi den gipng van mia mai, ghe torn khi
noi ve bpn ham ba vinh hoa: "Dau troi noi, dau cue khothenao mae long, mien la
CO ke mang dai, doi mu, c6 ke do rong, khan den lite nhuc lay dual, tram nghin nam nhu the cung xong? Gipng van xot xa khi noi ve nguoi dan: "Dan khon ma chi! Dan Igi md chi! Dan hai ma chi! Dan cdng no le, ngdi vua cdng Idu, quan lai cdng phu
quyl" Nghla la ong da chi ra, bay to thai dp truoc moi lien h$ giua cai phii qui
cua quan v a cai khon kho ciia dan. Tuy nhien, cai kho ciia Phan Chau Trinh chi
ra khong chi la chuy^n com ao. Khon kho nhat voi hp la hp dang bj "ngu di md
khong he biet", hp khong con dii khon de phan bi$t. Nhiing ke ham phii qui, me
ba vinh hoa kia, vi quyen Ipi ciia hp, hp da dam dap len nguoi dan, tu thanh thj
den thon que vi xet chp ciing "dan cdng no le... bgn quan lai cdng phu qui". Nguy
h^i hon, cai thoi ham quyen tuoc, Ipi Ipc nhu mpt thu dai dich, Ian tran, ca tu nguoi hoc chi> Nho den chii Tay, tir thon que den chon thi thanh, thu hoi dai
djch ay bao gio chain dut? Thu hoi, ai se la nguoi dem thuoc trj cho con b^nh
hiem ay? Diing truoc thuc tai do, ong da phai tho't len: "Oil Mot dan toe nhu the
thi tu tuang each mang nay no trong 6c chung lam sao dugc! Xa hoi chu nghia trong nude Viet Nam ta khong ed cung Id vi theV. Ke't thiic bai viet la mpt lap luan dong
thoi Cling la mpt 16i keu gpi. Cac van de dupe lien ket theo kieu moc xich. De c6
dpc l|p thi phai c6 doan the va de c6 doan the thi phai "truyen bd Xa hoi chu
nghta", phai giac ngp dong bao, khoi gpi doan ket. Chi c6 nhu the^ dan tpc Vi?t
Nam moi c6 dii sue manh de danh duoi ke xam lang, mai thoat kiep no 1^.
Dpc bai van ciia Phan Chu Trinh nguoi dpc bj thuyet phyc boi cai tdm voi
dat nuoc, voi nhan dan, voi su nghi^p vi dai v a khat vpng dpc lap cho dan tpc.
Cai tam ay dupe the hi^n qua cai tdi dien thuyet, qua each l^p lugn chat che, ngon ngu trong sang ma gpi cam. Boi the d u con duong each mang ong da di
chua thye sy dem lai dpc lap do dan tpc Vi?t Nam, nhung mai mai l\ch su va
con nguoi dat Vi^t biet an v a ty hao ve ong.
s636:E>QC Nhat ky trong tii cua Ho Chi Minh, anh (chi) suy nghi gi ve
nfihj lyc cua con ngu-oi trong cupc song? Dan y 1. Ma bai
Qi Bac, ta thay eo sy hpi tu nhieu pham chat tieu bieu ciia con nguoi trong mpi thoi dai. Vua rat truyen thong lai rat hi^n dai. Vua rat phuong Dong nhung cung rat moi.
- Mpt trong nhirng pham chat tieu bieu la y chi, nghi lye phi thuong trong cuoc song.
2. Than bai
a. Gi&i thieu sa luge vehodn ednh thai dai Bde sinh ra va Ian len, y chi cieu nude a Bde.
- Dat nuoc bi do hp, lam than duoi thai thyc dan, nhieu nha yeu nude, phong trap yeu nuoc xuat hien, nhung chua thanh cong.
- Nhiing kho khan, thu thach ma Nguoi phai trai qua va y chi, nghi lye dap bang mpi gian khp de dat dupe li tuong euu nuoc.
b. Nhat ky trong tu - biec chdn dung tinh than tu hga, mot quan niem venghi lue cua con nguai.
* Hoan canh ra doi tap tho: Nhung nam 1942 - 1943, khi Ho Chi Minh bi chinh quyen Tuang Gioi Thach bit giam tai Quang Chau (Trung Quoc), thai ki Nguoi chiu nhieu eye kho, day dpa nhat.
* Y chi, nghi lyc eua Nguoi the hi^n trong mpt so bai tho tieu bieu:
+ Ban than vi?c Nguai lam tho trong hoan canh tu day khae nghi^t da the i?n mpt ban ITnh phi thuong, hon niia lai khong phai la lam tha ca don thuan ma nham myc dich chinh tri: ty dpng vien minh "dpi den ngay ty do" (Khai quyen).
+ Che dp nha tu c6 the giam cam dupe than xac cua Bac, con tinh than ciia
ac van "6 ngoai lao", van ty do (bon eau de tu): c6 the lam cho ngoai hinh Bac
ay doi nhung y chi ciia Bac thi khong he suy chuyen (Bon thang roi). '
+ Nguoi coi kho khSn la moi truong de ren luy^n y chi, tinh than ciia minh V khuyen minh, Nghe tieng gia gao); lay tieng cudi de danh bat di mpi dau uong...
+ Du trong nhij-ng hoan <;anh day ai khae nghi^t nhat van luon huong den inh minh va mat trai hong, huong tai tuang lai bang mpt tinh than lac quan
ach mang va mpt y chi, nghj lyc phi thuong (Giai di som). w •
c. Lien he den viec van dung ^d hoc tap tam guomg y chi, nghi luc cua Ho Chi inh vdo dai song cua gi&i tre hien nay vd cua ban than anh (chi):
N h u n g 161 song ti'ch c\fc da hpc tap dupe t u Bac: N h u n g 16i song buong tha,
khong l i tuong, muc dich, khong c6 y chi, nghi luc: ban than anh/chj da hpc tap
dupe gi tit tain g u o n g ciia Bac va con can phai phah da'u n h u the nao de hoan
thi#n hon?
3. Ket bai
Co the trich dan n h u n g cau tho, cau van noi tieng noi ve anh h u o n g cua Bac doi v o i m o i chiing ta, t u do d i n h huong hanh dpng theo g u o n g Bac H o v i dai.
^ d j s6 37: Suy nghi cua anh (chj) ve tinh b ^ , tinh yeu 6 lira tuoi hgc sinh
T n i n g hpc pho thong hign nay.
T u n h i h i g dua tre ngay tho, chung ta dan t r u o n g thanh. T u cupc song v6 lo, v6 t u chiing ta tap suy nghi, tap lam nguod Ion. Trong rat nhieu dieu m o i me
ay chiing ta den v o i tinh ban, tinh yeu. N h i i n g tinh cam m u o n t h u o ciia con
nguoi. N h i f n g tinh cam ay c6 t u xa xua n h u n g chua bao gio cu mon. Theo thoi
dai, n h u n g tinh cam ay c6 thay doi nhung n h u n g gia t r i co ban nhat thi se vTnh
hang theo thoi gian. Vay chiing ta, liia tuoi m o i Ion da va dang suy nghi, hanh dpng the nao truoc tinh ban, tinh yeu.
Tuoi giao mua, tuoi ciia n h i i n g c6 cau hpc m u o i lam, m u o i sau m o mpng, tuoi ciia n h i i n g chang trai c6 gai m u o i bay dem chiit suy t u vao d o i . N o i den
tuoi nay, la noi den su lang man, nhieu cam xiic n h u n g ciing day nong noi,
kho dai. Day la liia tuoi ciia nhieu bien doi ca ve the chat Ian tam sinh l i , boi vay van de tinh ban, tinh yeu ciia tuoi nay rat dang dupe l u u tam. D i i van con trong vong tay yeu thuong ciia mg cha. N h u n g da so' chiing ta deu muon khang d i n h m i n h , do do tinh ban v o i chiing ta doi k h i la tat ca, khong ai quan trpng bSng ban. Quan n i f m the nao la tinh bgn? Dieu nay chiing ta da dupe
hpc trong chuong trinh Gido due eong dan l&p 11, bai hpc d i n h h u o n g cho chiing
ta CO nhiJTig nhan thiic d i i n g ve tinh ban khong ai song thie'u dupe b^in be. N h u n g khong phai ban la tat ca, yeu qiii ban khong phai la nghe theo b?n, bao che nhiJTig hanh dpng ciia ban.
6 t u o i chiing m i n h , su nong noi eon chi phoi tam l i kha Ion, do do su nhan thiic da phan con kem, chiing ta rat de bi ban r i i re: choi boi, dua doi, bo hpc, dua xe... Cupc song c6 nhieu bien doi, do thuc te cupc song nhieu ban it dupe cha m? quan tam, do do nhieu b^n bo be hpc hanh, sa nga, gay nen nhieu hau qua dang tiec. 6 cac truong pho thong hi^n tupng bo gio, nghi^n hiit, t r p m
cap... v a n dien ra, do la do nhan thiic thie'u chin chan, do thie'u sy giao due ciia gia d i n h , do b^m be l o i keo. Ben cgnh do, c6 n h i i n g tinh b?n ciing tie'n, giiip do
100
Cty IWHH MTy DYYH Miang Yigt
iihau trong hpc tap. H i e n nay a cac lap hoc hi^n t u p n g chia be phai, thanh lap
cac n h o m gia d i n h hpc sinh dien ra kha pho bien, dan den tinh trang nghi ky, ghen ghet, canh tranh khong lanh manh, gay mat doan ket trong lop.
Co mpt Ian, toi that su bat ngo k h i v6 tinh nghe c6 giao toi tro truyen v o i iupt phy h u y n h c6 viee den truong. Co gpi nguoi ay la ban va x u n g toi. Nghla ]a xung ho n h u hpc tro chiing toi thuong ngay v o i nhau. To mo, toi hoi c6 va
dupe CO giai thich day la m p t nguoi ban hpc pho thong. Co con ke cho chiing
toi nghe ve n h i i n g n g u o i ban, n h i i n g k i ni^m trong sang ve ban be h o n hai m u o i nam ve truoc. Co ke ve cai tap the lop hon hai t u con nguoi, ve khoa hpc chi ven v?n 84 b^n da ciing nhau v u p t kho, yeu thuong, chia se de hpc hanh. Toi dupe bie't, sau hon hai m u o i nam ra truong, eo va cac ban van lien lac v o i nhau, hpp mat, gap mat va giiip do nhau trong cupc so'ng n h u t h u o truoc.Van gpi ban, x u n g toi d i i c6 va cac ban da buoc sang tuoi 40. D o c h i n g phai la tinh b?n d?p, dang qui, dang trpng ciia tuoi hpc tro dupe l u u g i i i qua thai gian va nam thang do hay sao?
Tinh ban ciia tuoi giao miia that su trong sang, hon nhien, chiing m i n h hay so'ng v6 t u , song that v u i , that d^p de k h i d i xa chiing ta luon n h a ve mpt niem xiic dpng than t h u o n g n h u c6 giao ciia toi ma toi vua ke.
Tinh ban la v$y! Con tinh yeu t h i sao? Tuoi chiing m i n h da dupe yeu chua? N o i den t i n h yeu hpc tro la noi den n h i i n g r u n g dpng dau d o i , nhirng xao xuyen bang khuang noi den nhirng m o i tinh v y n g dai, am tham, noi den nhung anh mat la, n h i i n g n g u o i dung, n h i i n g doi ma hong, nhirng n y cudi e a'p... ma nha tho D o Trung Quan mpt thoi da noi:
Mo'i tinh dau cua toi eo gi?
Chi mot eon mua hay hay ngodi cita lap La do nguai trang ed giac ngu me Ld bdi tha con hodi trong cap Giua gia chai mang den lai mang ve
(Chiit tinh dau)