Chuyển biến kinh tế xã hội xã sài sơn, huyện quốc oai, hà nội giai đoạn 1986 2010 luận văn ths khu vực học 60 22 01 13

VIETNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, HANOI INSTITUTE OF VIETNAMESE STUDIES AND DEVELOPMENT SCIENCES VU THU HUYEN SOCIO-ECONOMIC TRANSFORMATION OF SAI SON COMMUNE, QUOC OAI DISTRICT, HA NOI CITY IN PERIOD FROM 1986 TO 2010 MASTER THESIS MAJOR: VIETNAMESE STUDIES HANOI, 2014 VIETNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, HANOI INSTITUTE OF VIETNAMESE STUDIES AND DEVELOPMENT SCIENCES VU THU HUYEN SOCIO-ECONOMIC TRANSFORMATION OF SAI SON COMMUNE, QUOC OAI DISTRICT, HA NOI CITY IN PERIOD FROM 1986 TO 2010 Master thesis, major: Vietnamese studies Code: 60 22 01 13 Supervisor: Prof.Dr Truong Quang Hai Hanoi, 2014 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This thesis is the result of training process in Institute of Vietnamese studies & Science of Development as well as my process of surveying and researching last time First of all, my profound thanks are due to Prof Dr Truong Quang Hai who guided me and spent valuable time to explain and make orientation for my research The thesis is successful thanks to his important help Secondly, I would like to give my sincere thanks to the teachers presenting lectures at the sixth class of master’s degree as well to the teachers in Management Board of the Institute and Training Department providing me the best conditions in studying progress to complete this thesis Finally, I would like to give my thanks to my family, friends encouraging me to study and research Sincerely! Ha Noi, August 12, 2014 Student Vu Thu Huyen DECLARATION I certify that no part of this thesis is copied or reproduced by me from any other someone’s work without acknowledgement and that the thesis is originally written by me under strict guidance of my supervisor Prof.Dr Truong Quang Hai Student Vu Thu Huyen CONTENTS INTRODUCTION 1 Rationale of the thesis Listerature review Objectives, research scope and research tasks 4 Material resources and research methods Contribution of the thesis The structure of the thesis Chapter THEORETICAL BASIS OF RESEARCHING SOCIO- ECONOMIC TRANSFORMATION IN THE PERIOD OF DOI MOI AND INTRODUCTION TO SAI SON COMMUNE 10 1.1 Theoretical basis of researching socio-economic transformation in the period of “Doi Moi” 10 1.1.1 Basic concepts 10 1.1.2 Factors affecting the socio-economic rural Sai Son in Doi Moi era 15 1.2 Overview of Sai Son commune 17 1.2.1 Natural conditions of Sai Son commune 17 1.2.2 History and people of Sai Son 22 1.2.3 Overview of socioeconomic situation of Sai Son commune before 1986 25 Sub-conclusion 30 Chapter BASIC ECONOMIC TRANSFORMATIONS OF SAI SON COMMUNE FROM 1986 TO 2010 31 2.1 Basic economic transformations of Sai Son commune from 1986 to 1996 31 2.1.1 Transformation in the operation of agricultural cooperatives and land using rights 31 2.1.2 Economic restructuring in the period 1986-1996 of Sai Son commune 34 2.2 Economic transformation of Sai Son commune in the period 19962010 39 2.2.1 The important changes of the units of administrative boundaries and preferential policies of investment situation 39 2.2.2 Conversion of land use purpose 41 2.2.3 Economic restructuring in the period 1996-2010 42 2.2.4 Internal transformation of agriculture 44 2.2.5 Transformations of Industry-Handicraft of Sai Son commune in the phase 1996-2010 53 2.2.6 Transformations of Commerce - Services - Tourism 57 2.2.7 The situation of receiving projects 60 2.2.8 The situation of constructing new rural 62 2.2.9 The achievements of the basic construction 64 Sub-conclusion of chapter 67 Chapter BASIC SOCIAL TRANSFORMATIONS OF SAI SON COMMUNE FROM 1986 TO 2010 69 3.1 Restructuring of labor and employment of Sai Son commune 69 3.1.1 Restructuring of labor by sector 69 3.1.2 Labor structure by level 72 3.1.3 Changes of labor psychology 74 3.1.4 Job creation 75 3.2 Completion level of education-training and medical of the commune 76 3.2.1 Education and training 76 3.2.2 Medical service 79 3.3 Transformations of material life 82 3.3.1 Income - living standard 82 3.3.2 Poverty situation and the gap between rich and poor 86 3.4 Transformations of cultural and spiritual life 89 3.4.1 Changes of the way of using spare time 89 3.4.2 Changes in neighbor relations 92 3.5 Negative changing of environment 93 3.6 The situation of security and order, social security 95 Sub-conclusion chapter 96 CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS .97 CONCLUSIONS 97 RECOMMENDATIONS 100 REFERENCES 105 SCHEDULE 113 LIST OF TABLES Table 2.1: The structure of the economy in the period 1986-1996 34 Table 2.2 The situation of cultivation of Sai Son commune in the phase 1986-1996 35 Table 2.3: Fluctuations in land area according to the purpose of use in the period 2000-2010 41 Table 2.4: The income value of economic sectors of Sai Son commune in the period 1996-2008 43 Table 2.5: Value of agricultural production of Sai Son commune in the period 1996-2012 45 Table 2.6: The situation of rice production of Sai Son commune in the phase 19962012 46 Table 2.7: The production situation of other food crops of Sai Son commune in the period 1996-2012 47 Table 2.8: Average food production per capita in the period 1996-2012 48 Table 2.9: Production situation of other annual crops in Sai Son commune in the period 1996-2012 49 Table 2.10: The number of pigs, cows, buffaloes and domestic fowls over theperiod 1996-2012 50 Table 2.11: Assessing difficulties in agricultural production in Sai Son commune from 2008 to present 53 Table 2.12 The situation of handicraft production of Sai Son commune in the phase 1996-2012 54 Table 2.13: Income value from industry and handicraft production of Sai Son commune compared with other communes of Quoc Oai district in 2000-2010 56 Table 2.14: Quantity of households and labors operating in the field of Commerce Services-Tourism of Sai Son commune in period 1996-2012 58 Table 2.15: The situation of the basic construction in Sai Son commune in 1996-2010 65 Table 3.1 Household economy by sectors of Sai Son commune in the phase 1996-2012 70 Table 3.2 Income structure of households in Sai Son commune 72 Table 3.3 School students of Sai Son commune through years 77 Table 3.4 The medical facilities of Sai Son commune 80 Table 3.5 The assessment of approaching level to public medical services of the interviewees 81 Table 3.6 Sai Son commune’s per capita income in the period 1986-2010 82 Table 3.7 Types of housing in Sai Son commune 83 Table 3.8 The use of furniture in families of Sai Son commune through the years 85 Table 3.9 Rural poverty standards and rate of poor households in Sai Son commune through the years 86 Table 3.10 Entertaining ways of Sai Son inhabitants in spare time 90 Table 3.11 Comments on the significance of local traditional festival 93 Table 3.12 Assessment on Sai Son commune’s current environmental pollution 93 Table 3.13 Landfill sites of Sai Son commune 95 Table 3.14 The situation of resolving social security cases in Sai Son commune 95 LIST OF FINGURES Figure 2.1: The structure of the economy in the period 1986-1996 34 Figure 2.2 Fluctuations in land area according to using propose 42 in the period 2000-2010 42 Figure 2.3: Economic restructuring of Sai Son commune in the period 1996-2012 43 Figure 2.4: Value structure of agricultural production of Sai Son commune in the period 1996-2012 45 Figure 3.1 Population situation of Sai Son commune through years 69 Figure 3.2 Labor structure by level of Sai Son commune in stage 73 1998-2010 73 Figure 3.3 The types of housing in Sai Son commune 83 Figure 3.4 The types of toilet in Sai Son commune through the stages 84 Figure 3.5 The use of furniture in families of Sai Son commune through the years 85 Figure 3.6 Entertaining ways of Sai Son inhabitants in spare time 91 III ACTIVITIES OF LABOR – EMPLOYMENT AND HOUSEHOLD ECONOMY Question 24: During a recent year, you have a regular job? Yes Out of working age No Question 25: Do you change your job from 1986 to present? Yes No Question 26: If you change your job, please tell me why? New job with higher income New job is less hard Cannot maintain the old job Agricultural land is narrowed Other reason (specify) Question 27: With current job, what difficulties you have? Trained nothing about current profession (or not practice the profession educated) The knowledge educated before is backward compared with current work Trained narrowly with specialized knowledge so that not having enough interdisciplinary knowledge to work well Habits formed long ago impede quick adaption to the new demands of the job Management mechanism of city government hinders the development of the job Not healthy enough for work Not having enough budgets to create employment or develop current work Not having enough condition to learn particular profession None difficulties Question 28: What you think the government should to support citizens in term employment? (Choose answers that you most desire) There are policies to encourage organizations and individuals to open training facilities 121 Organize free service center to finding job for citizens Finding solution of linking vocational training facilities with the organization having demand of labor Expanding the joint-venture forms in order to diversify the types of jobs for citizens Simplifying administrative procedures related to reality that citizens selfcreative jobs Enforcing policies creating favorable conditions for ordinary workers to carry on profession easily Enforcing policies of preferential tax toward people developing new job or expanding vocational training activities The other (specify) Question 29: Which following sources of income your family have? 1986 - 1999 2000 - 2010 Salary for state officials Salary for worker Salary for hired labor Trading and services Retirement pension, policy benefits House for rent, shop Savings, loans, stocks Other sources Question 30: How much is total estimated income of your family last year?……………………………Million VND? Question 31: Compared with 1995, how is your family's living standard? Increase (move on the question32) Decrease (move on the question 33) Remain the same 122 Question 32: What is the reason for the increase of your family’s living standard? Having more labor Travelling more easily Having new job Good healthy 3.Educated specialized knowledge Because of general state policies Working easier Influences of city policies Stable job 10 Other Question 33: What is the reason for the decrease of your family’s living standard? Due to labor shortage 6.Out of agricultural land Job loss, out of work Influences of state policies Because of low professional Because of illness, disease qualifications The business is not convenient Influences of city policies Unstable job 10 Other Question 34: Are you satisfied with the contemporary level of family’s living standard? Satisfied very much Satisfied Normal Not satisfied Not satisfied very much IV CULTURAL ACTIVITIES, WAY OF LIFE - HEALTH CARE EDUCATION Question 35: What you when being free? (Choose multiple choices) Type of entertainment 1986 - 1999 Listen to radio (the number of days / week) Watching television (the number of days / week) Reading books, newspapers (the number days / week) 123 2000 - 2010 Participating in sport activities (the number of times / week) Visiting relatives (the number of times / month) Visiting neighbors (the number of times / week) Visiting pagodas (the number of times / month) Tourism (the number of times / year) other Question 36: Do you often participate in activities of local festivals? Usually Seldom Sometimes Never Question 37: What is the purpose of your festival participation? 1.Relaxing and entertaining Meeting friends According to customs 2.Learning culture Doing worship Other Question 38: According to you, what are roles of organizing local festivals? (Select multiple options) Educating traditional values Promoting production competition Preserving and promoting the customs and Relaxing and entertaining habits Contributing to tourism development Other Question 39: Which following activities you participate in? Cultural activities at the club (poetry, dance, .) Building residential areas of culture, culture family (Criteria of the culture family) Question 40: Could you tell me about your assessment on your family’s cultural and spiritual life in recent years? Better very much 124 Better Unchanged Changing in the worse direction Difficult to answer Question 41 : Do you help the neighbors / people in the village when their family have affaires? Regularly participate Helping when having time and close relationship Only coming in the meal Question 42 : Which ethical values should be considered the most important at present, in your opinion? Having filial piety with grandparents Faithfulness between husband and wife Brothers in peaceful living Directing toward community, village Not necessary, living for self Question 43 : Currently, when someone at home is sick, where family take him/her to for treatment the most commonly (pick only one column for per answer option)? 1986 Go to the infirmary of ward / commune To private clinics To state hospital To private hospitals Self-buy medicine to cure To oriental medicine Go to worship 125 2010 Question 44: How you assess the level of access to health services in the community today? 1986 Types of medical Very services convenient Convenient 2010 Not Very convenient convenient Convenient Not convenient The nearest pharmacy The nearest private clinic (Oriental Medicine) The nearest private clinic (Western medicine) Infirmary of ward / commune General clinic General Hospital Thanks for your cooperation! 126 SEVERAL IMAGES RELATED TO THE THESIS Communal house on the water- the scene of water puppetry performances in festival of Thay Pagoda Dragon dance in Thay Pagoda Festival (Source : vov.vn) 127 Sai Son commune office Kindergarten School of Thuy Khue village 128 The campus of school with national standards under completion Sai Son medical station 129 Thay market Half-day market of Thuy Khue 130 High Pressure light system on communal road A private company of processing garment in Khanh Tan Village 131 Farm growing longan, raising geese and fish of Mr Phu Binh in Thuy Khue village The farm of keeping chicken of Mr Nguyen Van Tao in Nam Trai village 132 The entrance of Quoc Oai urban area - CEO Abandoned fields 133 Smoke from Sai Son cement plant (Source: hiendaihoa.com) Handmade brick-kiln in 2000s (Source: hanoimoi.com.vn) 134 Burnt paddy due to the smoke from brick-kiln (Source:hanoimoi.com.vn) New ring road under damage because of overloaded vehicles 135 ... DISTRICT, HA NOI CITY IN PERIOD FROM 1986 TO 2010 Master thesis, major: Vietnamese studies Code: 60 22 01 13 Supervisor: Prof.Dr Truong Quang Hai Hanoi, 2014 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This thesis is the... period 2000 - 2010 (Unit: ha) Area (ha) and increasing or decreasing (in 2005 and 2010 Type of land use compared with 2000) 2000 2005 2010 Agricultural land 702,12 696,63 - 5,49 641 ,22 - 60, 9 Residential... SAI SON COMMUNE FROM 1986 TO 2010 The research content of socioeconomic transformations of Sai Son commune from 1986 to 2010 is devided into two phases: The first phase from 1986 to 1996: This