THỰC TRẠNG và GIẢI PHÁP kỹ THUẬT để PHÁT TRIỂNCƠ GIỚI hóa KHÂU làm đất TRỒNG cây lúa NƯỚCCỦA HUYỆN PHONG điền, TỈNH THỪA THIÊN HUẾ

luận văn, khóa luận, chuyên đề, đề tài

    !" Đề tài: #  $% % &"'()*& +) ,-./0 12341567896:;<6= >?> @ >1674156A7BC71D6=)EF 9G=HI :J67=KL7MNO3PQO6C7RN1R66S6:TO64JA7BCG7UV QR-IWXYIZI [[            !"#  !"# $%&'%(%)*&+,-.# (./01$# 2 (34567(87&.+9,:*,(9,(;7<=>./92 (34567(87&.+9,:*?@(AB<8,,(C%,D2 E(34567(87FG>H<=>./92 #(34567(8756(.I5%J9,-.>./9K ELMN?ON ! "K E=.,3P5656(.I5%J9K E(Q01.1-6.R.(Q5%)*&+,-.K EST!U" V ET!WX !YZUV ET!WX ![Z\!W]O^!V EEY_`Oa!ZUZ\!b E#UZc !UZ\!d^ !a] eWNfWgh E2iZ i[ZUK E2j56%$,()%j56K E2Z-0&k,lm56%-n,()%j56K E2Z-0&k,lm56lo*,()%j56V E2Z-0&k,lm5608nb E2Z-0&k,lm5608n%-nb E2Z-0&k,lm5608nlo*h E2EZ-0&k,lm5608n7(*n E2E#Z-0&k,lm56l85(>p56 EKqrqYdZU iOOE EVd^ !s!eYOtWg]Yd Oa!YZU# #guY]Td 2 #"Yv2 #w,:'&w*>H2 #Y(',3P56,()n1x52 #Ew*(y5(K #Y]z{|gqL !uK #Y.5(,DK #{}(~.E# #u•5<=1->*B&~56E# #.8B€$%E2 #E[,DE2 ##x5(•*?,(‚,(*BE2 #EJ%<=56€•5%3EK #EYTeeia!?Na!Td ZciiiWrs!ƒ[r"EV #Ey5((y5(„9A5>H5j5656(./75j56,(j5EV #Ey5((y5(%j5656(./7(•*?(./5&Q.(•*5j5656(./7?5j56,(j5(9n/5(B56 .+5EV ##eeq…uUiWs!ƒ[ r"Eb ##y5((y5(<G€$56&k,Eb ##k,5j5656(./7Eb ##k,>•056(./7E† ##Ek,%(9nI5€‡56E† ###k,@(9€•5%3E† ##2k,%(3*<G€$56E† #2vWNWˆai [ZMWs!ƒ [#h #2(C%,:Q567(8,,:.‚56.*B,(j56#h #2(C%,:Q567(8,,:.‚5,()n>P.1-,y5((y5(,3R.,.I9,:B56(9n/5(B56.+5 # #KvWNW!ƒs?q…uTdZc[ZU [r"# #Ky5((y5(%46.R.(•*<A5F9k,5j5656(./7,:B56,(‰.6.*5„9*# #K(C%,:Q561-,:*56lw<G€$561-,:*56lw08n>-0&k,(9n/5(B56.+5 #E #VŠd!rTdOa!YZ U[Z\!OWrs!ƒ[#K #V.A.7(871+%('5(<8%(#K #V('5(<8%(&k,&*.#K #VE{•n€C566.*B,(j56#b #V#{•n€C56(/,(=56,()n>P.#b #V.A.7(871+@.5(,D2h #V.3..A.7(87@‹,(9;,2h #VEY‹,(9;,>-0&k,2h #VEY‹,(9;,%(Œ508n>-0&k,2 #V#.A.7(87%(x0<•%?<G*%(•*?lAB„9A51-%956J561;,,3?7($,‡562E #V2.A.7(87„9A5>H2# #VKA0lAB*5,B-5>*B&~5622 2Y]Z`Y]s2V 2YD,>9;52V 2Y.D556(w2b Z!Ydr2† Báo cáo thực tập cuối khóa  \ Z=] ^  _ 0 \ Z* Ž 5(,(j • .I  ,*0%B  1.  ,:•  &.  *>n  &x  ,l.I  ,4 • j56*0!  ?5x  0,:B56 @(913  %%B  5I  5@.5(,I  7(*  ,,:.I • 05x56&j  56?1*  :*5(6.4  .,:9566.*5,.I  7 6.*  714  .%*  %>9  %&.  *1*  &*  .€3456x  ,l.I  ,,(.I55(.I5.I  ,*00*56,•  5( %(•  ,5(.I  ,&4  .• • 06.B  09  *?,:* • .€*  .EhE‘&I  5bhEE‘1• Ž &j  ƒx  %?>* Ž 5(,(j • 534  %,*5x  0,:B561*  5(&*.5(.I  ,&4  .ƒx  %l*  5%•  9?%(.  9<3  * • 5((34 • 560*  5( 0’ Ž %9 • *6.B  09  *(•9!  €B&B  5(.I  ,&j  %B  * • 5((34 • 56>4  5&I  55x56<9•  ,%•n ,:j  56?%(•  ,>34  565j56<* • 5?„9nI  ,&.  5(&I  5,(4  .19  6.’B,:j  56,:B56<* • 5 F9•  ,5j5656(.I  7 qj  €•5534  %,*,3456&j  .>4  5bh,:.I  95634  .“5x0hhb”,:* • .:j  56 ,:I5€.I  5,•  %(EEhhhh@01*  >*  0j  ,534  %5j5656(.I  714  .(45bh•>*B &j  56&34  %%B.5(•5,j  „9nI  ,&.  5(&I  5<3  7(*  ,,:.I • 55j5656(.I  7,(’B%(.I  9 :j  56%9 Ž 565(3,(’B%(.I  9<•9•  1•  n5j5656(.I  7%(.I  00j  ,1.  ,:•  (I  , <3  %„9*5,:B  56%9 • *534  %,* j5656(.I  7<* • 5F9•  ,:*>3456,(3  %?,(3  %7(• • 0?&*  73  56&34  %5(9 %•  9(*  5656*  n%9 • *%B55634  .?&* • 0l* • B569j  5569nI5>.I  9%(B%*  %56*  5( %(I  l.I  5>3456,(3  %?,(3  %7(• • 01*  <* • 5F9•  ,(*  56,.I9€9  56j5656(.I  7 6B  77(•  57(•  57(9  %19  1*  B,*  .<* • 5F9•  ,04 • :j  56%*  %56*  5(@.5(,I  ?&j  56 ,(4  .5j5656(.I  7<* • 5F9•  ,:*5(3 Ž 560x  ,(*  56%B  6.*  ,:.  F9•  ,@(• • 95(x  0 ,x56,(I0569j  556B*  .,I  %(B&•  ,534  % :B56%j56%9j  %%j5656(.I  7(B  *?(.I  5&*  .(B  *&•  ,534  %j56 56(.I  7&34  %%B.>*  0j  ,,:B565(3 Ž 56&j  .,34  56%(9 • nI  9?€B&B  * • 561*  (*  534  %,*&* Ž &I  :*5(3 Ž 56%(9 • ,:3456>4  55(x  0,(9  %&• • n<3  7(*  ,,:.I • 5@.5(,I  ? F* Ž (j  .?&3*5I  55j5656(.I  7>I50j  ,,•  0%*B04  .(3  %(.I  5&9  5609  % &•  %(–u•56.*  9?534  %0*  5(?F* Ž (j  .%j56lx  56?€•5%(9 • ?1x50.5(—0*  * • 561*  (*  534  %,*&* Ž &I  :*  Báo cáo thực tập cuối khóa q*95(.I  95x0&j • .04  .?4 • 5j56,(j5534  %,*&* Ž &34  %5(.I  9,(*  5(,3  9 &*  56@I • 9n5(.I5?%B  55(3 Ž 561•  5&I  5j5656(.I  7,:B565634  .€•5&*56 6x  7@(B  @(x5I • 6.* • .„9nI  ,5(3 Ž 56@(B  @(x55l3  %F9  %&B  nI9%•  9%•  7l*  %( &x  ,:*>*  7(* • .,.I  5(*  5(%j5656(.I  7(B  *?(.I  5&*  .(B  *5j5656(.I  7?5j56 ,(j5?>*  0l.I  5&j • .5(*5(%(B  561*  %B  (.I  9„9* • 5I  5<* • 5F9•  ,5j5656(.I  7 &*56€3  *1*  B>*B&j  56,(9 • %j56>*  %(9 • nI  9<*56%4@(•  (B  *1*  (B  *?,x56 5x56<9•  ,>*B&j  561*  %(•  ,>34  56<* • 57(• • 0B  >*  5(.I  019  %3  %@n  „9*5 ,:B  561*  7(3  %,*  7:B565(3 Ž 565x06•  5&•n?5(.I  9&.  *7(3456&* Ž &3* 0*  n0B  %1*  B<* • 5F9•  ,5j5656(.I  7,3  @(•9>*  0&•  ,&I  5@(•9,(9(B*  %(1*  1•  5%(9nI • 5x  %€9  1•  n?1.I  %*  7€9  56%*  %>B*  .0*  n0B  %%*5(,*  %1• • 5%(3* (B*  5%(• • 5(1*  &j  56lj   I • %46.4  .(B  *<* • 5F9•  ,5j5656(.I  7,:34  %(I  ,%•  5,•  7,:956&• • n 0*  5(%j5656(.I  7(B  *5j5656(.I  71*  5j56,(j55(x  07(*  14 Ž ,:*  56,(*  . ,:•  ,:I  ,:34  %&B  %9 • *5I  5@.5(,I  5j5656(.I  7?,x565x56<9•  ,%•n,:j  56?1•  , 59j.?(.I  9<9•  ,<3 • €9  56&•  ,&*.?,(9  %&• • n<3  %(9nI • 5€.  %(@.5(,I  ,(9•  55j56 <*565I  5@.5(,I  %j5656(.I  71*  €.  %(19  ?,*  B:*<3  7(•5%j56>*B&j  5604  . 4 • 5j56,(j5%9 Ž 565(3,:B56F* Ž (j  .•  5(,(*  5(%*  %%9  0?%*  %,:956,•0 %j5656(.I  7?€.  %(19  4 • 5j56,(j5?F•n€3  56%4<4 • (*  ,•  56?,(9  %&• • n„9*  ,:•  5(&j,(.  (B  *?%j5656(.I  7(B  *?(.I  5&*  .(B  *5j5656(.I  746.4  .(B  * @(j56%(• • lB  (’  7,:B56<* • 5F9•  ,5j5656(.I  71*  %B  56.* • .„9nI  ,%*  %1•  5&I  4 • 5j56,(j5?&*  73  56%(9 • ,:3456%j5656(.I  7(B  *?(.I  5&*  .(B  *?&B  >*  7(*  , ,:.I • 5&.I  5?&34  56?,:34  56?,:*  0˜ 46.4  .(B  *<* • 5F9•  ,5j5656(.I  7>*  (I  ,<3  %%•  5,(.I  ,?<B567(* • .,9  n 1*  B&.I  9@.I  5%9  ,(I • 0*  ,**  7€9  56%(B%B  (.I  9„9* • @.5(,I  %*B • 534  %,*? 14  .&.I  9@.I  5@(•  (•  95(.I  ,&4  .?%46.4  .(B  *0*56<x  %,(*  .14  .5(.I  9534  % ,:I5,(I  6.4  .•n,:j  56„9*5,:B  56l•  ,5(•  ,4 • 534  %,*(.I  55*n>*  %•n>9  * 534  %.I  %%*5(,*  %,:I5%*  5(&j  5656•  7534  %?>•  n>j  .?5I  5&•  ,nI  95I5 @(j56,(I • *  7€9  56,B*  5lj  0*  n0B  %5(•  756B*  .1*  B<* • 5F9•  ,%•n>9  *534  %  Báo cáo thực tập cuối khóa (B56.I  5>*  0j  ,(9nI  5%B  €.I  5,•  %(%*5(,*  %@(*  >4  5%9 • *,• • 5((3  * (.I59I  %B  &.  *(•  5(,:* • .:j  56,:I5&j  56lx  561*  0j  ,7(•  55(B • >*  &j  .59  . B  %B  0j  ,(I  <.5(,(*  .7(B567(9  1*  &*€*  5614  .5(.I  9>B*  .&•  ,1*  &.  *(•  5( @(*  %5(*9:I5&.  *l*  5(9nI  5(B56.I  5?1.I  %%46.4  .(B  *<* • 5F9•  ,5j56 56(.I  70*  %(9 • nI  9>*  %•n>9  *534  %&* Ž 7(j • l.I  5,:B56,B*  5(9nI  59n1•  n? 1.I  %<3 • €9  560*  n0B  %%B  5%(3*(4  7>n  ?(B*  5%(• • 5(1*  &j  56lj  ?&x  %l.I  ,>*  @(•9>*  0&•  ,6•n>* Ž 567(•  0*  n0B  %?<3  %>*B&j  560*  5x56<9•  ,%•n,:j  56 %(3*%*B •  1•  nF9•  ,7(*  ,,3  5(3 Ž 56nI9%•  9,(3  %,.I • 5<* • 5F9•  ,?1•  5&I  &x  ,:*>*  7(* • .&.I  9,:*?56(.I5%3  9?&*  5(6.*  %*  %@(•9%*5(,*  %lx  56,(9 • %j56%9 Ž 56 5(3%46.4  .&I • >3  *%(B  57(3456,(3  %<* • 5F9•  ,7(9  (4  71*  &j  56lj  ?,j.,.I  5 (*  5(56(.I5%3  9&I  ,*  .–78 ^ CA`a ^ 6:4a \ :1a b 1G7a _ GLc d A7Qe ^ Af5 b G7a _ AA`15 b 6 CK:1K _ 173 _ aL7eQga \ Vfe _ AA`S \ 6:CecgQ _ a68K _ CCQ b a7Qc5 ^ 6 736:15 \ 6- Ah b 6778 \ a7156Q5 _ i? E Báo cáo thực tập cuối khóa jY=[[    0k+, Y?Z?[[+,= Y?Z?Z?lCfMC7CmafnAJ1= :I5%4<™&.+9,:*7(•5,'%(,(C%,:Q56<A5F9k,5j5656(./70- ,:Œ56,•0>-%•n>š*53R%,:B56&w*l-5(9n/5(B56.+51+5(•56@(• @(x5?,(9;5>P.1-5(•567(3456(3R567(8,,:.‚5<A5F9k,?,o&•&+F9k, 5(•566.A.7(87(P7>H5(m0@(›%7($%5(•56@(•@(x5?7(8,(9n5(•56 ,(9;5>P.&‚87€$56%46.R.(•*<A5F9k,5j5656(./75•.%(9560- ,:Œ56,•0>-%46.R.(•*@(•9>-0&k,%•n>š*53R%$%&'%(%9=.%‡56 >-5(m05•56%*B5x56<9k,?%(k,>3P56<A57(œ0?%A.,(./5&‰.<=56%(B 563‰.€•5?6•77(•5,(š%&œn<C7(8,,:.‚5%)*,ž5((o*(.I59D5•. :.I561-%)*%A53R%5•.%(956 Y?Z?Y?71DV4l= {9k,7(8,,o5(•560$%&'%(,:I5?5(./01$&Ÿ,:*%)*&+,-.>- z .+9,:*&.+9@./5,C5(.I5?@.5(,DzF}(~.?1x5(•*,:B56&w*l-5 56(.I5%J9 z .+9,:*,y5((y5(<G€$56&k,5j5656(./7?,y5((y5(<A5F9k, 5j5656(./7 z .+9,:*,(C%,:Q56,:*56lw?<G€$56%j56%$?,(.D,lw08n0•%? ,:B561./%%46R.(•*<A5F9k,5j5656(./70-%$,(‚>-%46.R.(•*@(•9 >-0&k,%•n>š*53R% z uC*1-B,(C%,:Q56<A5F9k,&‚&+:*0~,<=6.A.7(87(P7>H 5(m05•56%*B(./9„9A%46.R.(•*@(•9>-0&k,%•n>š*53R% # Báo cáo thực tập cuối khóa Y?Y?   0k= Y?Y?Z? 78K6:G72Gf1nQA`aA7QA7oGTpg1DQ= T98,:y5(&.+9,:*,(9,(;7<=>./9>-0~,%j561./%„9*5,:Œ561-(D, <J%%•5,(.D,,:B56„98,:y5(,(C%(./5&+,-.T98,:y5(5-n&3P%,.D5(-5( lm567(34567(87&.+9,:*,(C%,D?,(*0@(AB,-.>./9(BŸ%%8%1x5lA5 ,(=56@I%)*%8%%4„9*5,:B56&w*l-5(9n/5&*5656(.I5%J98%<=>./9 %•5,(9,(;75(3<=>./91+@(',3P56,()n1x5?1w,:'&w*>H?&k,&*.?&w* (y5(,( 5(3¡56?6.*B,(j56?,()n>P.?n,D?6.8B€$%˜8%<=>./9%(3* (P7>H?,(=565(k,&+9&3P%,:C%,.D7@.‚0,:*,(C%,D Y?Y?Y? 78K6:G72Gf1nQA`a-L7O3T2AA7BCAR= .+9,:*@(AB<8,,(C%,D0~,<=&w*7(3456,:B56(9n/5&‚,(9,(;7<= >./9?&=.%(.D9%8%<=>./9,(C%,D1R.<=>./9,(9&3P%,:B56%8%1x5lA5,-. >./9.+9,:*lm56%8%(7(¢561k5“,(x0€£lm567(.D9”5(•56563‰.%• >.I5„9*55(3%85l~(P7,8%F}?563‰.€•5&*56<.5(<=56,:B56&w*l-5&‚ 5›0&3P%(./5,:Q56?F8%&w5(%8%nD9,=,(C%,D>.I5„9*5&D5&+,-.56(.I5 %J9&‚, 56(P7?FG>H1->C*%(Œ50~,%8%((P7>H5(k,?%('5(F8%5(k, Y?Y?q? 78K6:G72GrsgtTpg1DQ= {G>H<=>./9,(’B7(34567(87F8%F9k,,(=56@Ilm56%8%(7(•5 5(•0,B-5l~%8%&=.,3P56&.+9,:*%‡56%(ž,.I9?F8%&w5(%8%6.8,:w,:956 ly5(%)*%(ž,.I9?7(•5,'%(<C,3456„9*56.•*%8%nD9,=‡n,(’B0$% &'%(1-5~.€9560-,*FG>H%8%<=>./9&.+9,:*,(j56„9*%8%7(¤7,'5( 5(3'5(, 56?,'5(ly5(„9•5?%(Œ556œ95(.I5?<›7FD7,(’B,(J,C˜ q*9@(.&.+9,:*FB56%8%<=>./9%•5,(.D,?,.D5(-5(&=.%(.D91R.<= >./9,(9&3P%,(j56„9*,-.>./9“5D9%•”?(BŸ%,.D5(-5(FG>H,(’B5~. €9567(•5,'%(=.,3P56€Q56<=>./9%•,(‚&w5(>3P56&3P%,(y,*%•,(‚ <G€$567(34567(87,:956ly5(%~56?,'5(7(•5,:x0?,'5(,¥>/?7(•5 5(•0&=.,3P56˜ 2 Báo cáo thực tập cuối khóa Y?Y?H? 78K6:G72G6:7156CuQAJ1g1DQ= uC*1-B%8%>BQ.<8%(l8B&‚l.D,&3P%&Ÿ%,'5(%)*,o56>BQ.&k, ,:p56?&Ÿ%,'5(%j56€$56%)*,o56>BQ.08n0•%,o&•l.D,&3P%7(Q01. J56€$561-&3*:*%8%%('5(<8%(?6.A.7(87<G€$56%(B7(‡(P7 Y?q?!v0k -&+  ,= Y?q?Z?p1A8w6:6:7156CuQ= =.,3P5656(.I5%J9%('5(%)*&+,-.>-%8%>BQ.%j56%$1-08n >-0&k,€‡56&‚<A5F9k,%•n>š*53R%&}%•,:I5,(D6.R.1-™53R%,* ,:B56,(‰.6.*5„9*1-(./55*n0-%$,(‚>-(9n/5(B56.+5,ž5((o* (.I59D Y?q?Y? 7xV414J:1917x6CmafnAJ1= +,-.€o56>Q.™1./%56(.I5%J9,y5((y5(%46.R.(•*@(•9>-0&k, %•n>š*53R%0-,(j.?%8%%j56&BQ5>-0&k,5(36.’B%kn?l•57(•5>-0 %¢1-,(9(BQ%(,(y@(j5656(.I5%J9w*l-556(.I5%J9>-(9n/5(B56 .+5,ž5((o*(.I59D K Báo cáo thực tập cuối khóa jq=yz', 0k q?Z?jz+'= Z-0&k,>-0~,%j561./%%•5,(.D,&‚%(9œ5lw%8%&.+9@./5,=.,(.‚9 %(B<C7(8,,:.‚5%)*0~,>BQ.%•n5-B&•Z-0&k,A5((3™56,:C%,.D7,R. >3P5653R%?@(j56@('1-B,:B56&k,?5(./,&~%)*&k,1-€¦5,R.<CA5( (3™56<.5((•*,:B56&k,T98,:y5(>-0&k,7(81¡l+0Ÿ,%)*&k,?€./,,:o %¢€Q.?<•9l/5(lm56%8%%j56%$?&3P%,(C%(./5„9*%8%%j561./%-B %8%>R7&k,?>-05(¢&k,1-,:~5&+9%8%(§5(P7&k,•n>-%j56&BQ5%• ,'5(„9nD,&w5(&D55x56<9k,?7(œ0%(k,?<A5>3P56&=.1R.%•n,:p56 Z-0&k,>š*>-,8%&~561-B&k,&*.?&p56:9~56&‚,QB:*0~,0j. ,:3‰56%•5(•56&.+9@./51+>H?(•*?<.5(,('%((P7%(B<C7(8,,:.‚5%)* %•n>š*?&Ÿ%l./,>-6.*.&BQ5>š*5An0•0(*n0Q5B5l80:¨1-B&k,• %•A5((3™56„9nD,&w5(&D5,(•0%*5(,x565x56<9k,uB&•>-0&k,>š* &£.(¢.7(A.&A0lAB@‹,(9;,5j56(Œ%1-&š56,(‰.1$ q?Yjz+)*0&{ = Zš*>-0~,,:B565(•56%•n>3456,(C%„9*5,:Œ56,:I5,(D6.R.?€./5 ,'%(1-, 56<A5>3P56%(ž<*9%•n>š*0y5(3565x56<9k,>Q.%*B(45%•n >š*0y1-5(.+9%•n>3456,(C%>kn(Q,@(8% u./5,'%(,:p56>š*53R%,:I5,(D6.R.@(8>R5“@(BA562E,:./9(*” 5(3567(•5l=@(j56&+9:I5†h•€./5,'%(,:p56™(•9?%£5(•9 ?(•9(.?(•9‹1-(•9\%%(ž%(.D06•5h••@(BA56#h 53R%,:p56%•n>š*53R%5(.+9,:B56&•%•E53R%%•€./5,'%(,:p56>R5 (45,:./9(* V