Lạm dụng rượu bia gây nhiều tệ nạn xã hội – đề xuất giải pháp e

Topic: Alcohol abusing causes many social evils Establish a theoretical basis of this matter, how it raised in the theory like? Analyze the causes of this matter with the evidence Propose your solutions to improve the problem (solution target) INDEX INTRODUCTION I Rationale of the discussed issues II The purpose of the discussed topic III The content of the discussed topic .3 The mechanism of the alcohol - beer abuse The results of research on the abuse of alcohol – beer Evidence illustrates the consequences of alcohol - beer abuse Proposed solutions to improve the problem a How to implement the solution b Solution deployment c Policies for users .10 d Resources for solutions .12 e The barrier difficulties may be encountered when implementing the solutions 12 CONCLUSION REFERENCES INTRODUCTION Drinking alcohol is bad for health, this then everyone will know It is not only harmful to ourselves, but also harms physically, emotionally for people around Now scientists have found evidence to prove that too much alcohol will damage many organs in the human body from the nervous system, cardiovascular system, endocrine system, especially the digestive of liver Derived from the objective reality of the effects of alcohol - beer, as well as raising awareness of people about the dangers of alcohol to prevent the consequences or the social problems caused by it, our team boldly pick the theme: "Abuse of alcohol - beer causes many social evils" to the subject of discussion group Through discussion, we hope to contribute a small part of our veffort to limit the harms of alcohol-beer I Rationale of the discussed issues Wine is the alcoholic beverage that made in various types such as beer, soft drinks, rice alcohol, sticky coal, medicinal wine, bottled wines at home and abroad, In terms of science, alcohol is a solution of water and alcohol (including alcohol occupied between 1% and 58% by volume, so called wine from 1o to 58o ) In addition to the main components of wine, it contains a small amount of the separate nature of each manufacturer to create a wine color, flavor characteristics That alcohol Ethylic is the main component and also cause of the harmful effects of wine After drinking alcohol, there will be two physical phenomena occurring in the body, which is the rapid absorption of alcohol into the body and the body's efforts to eliminate alcohol outside Alcohol disintegration rate is constant within certain limits In the majority of European is about g of alcohol per 10 kg of body weight per hour Alcohol disintegration rate does not increase by regular drinking alcohol Familiar with the effects of alcohol are often seen in people with alcoholism don't disintegrate fast alcohol which is caused by the nervous system to get used to high levels of toxins Expression of the body by the blood alcohol concentration After drinking, the body can respond over the periods corresponding to the amount of alcohol in the blood (blood alcohol concentration - BAC) as following: Excitement - BAC: 0.03 to 0.12% • More confident, more risk • The focus ability decreases, the attention time is shortened • The face may be flushed • Reduced ability to judge, comment, often think that speaking, lack of consideration, recklessness • difficulty in slick movement like cleverly written, signed Incitation - BAC: 0.09 to 0.25% • Difficult to realize or remember the matter • Slow response • Easy to lose balance • Reduced ability to feel such as: all things look fuzzy, poorly tasting, hearing Embarrassing - BAC: 0.18 to 0.30% • May not know who they are, what are they doing • Dizziness, vertigo, groggy walking • Extreme feelings: very aggressive or very shy, very affectionate • Feeling sleepy • Incoherent words, drawling voice • Discrete movements, poor combination, such as very difficult to catch a throw thing • Hard to feel pain than ordinary people Stupor - BAC: 0.25 to 0.4% • Almost unable to move, walk, stand or stimulus response in general • Mix of unconsciousness and consciousness • Sometimes vomiting Unconscious - BAC: from 0.35 to 0.50% • There is no sense • The reaction of the body decreased strongly, the retina is almost no reaction to light • Breath is slow and weak • Slow heart rate • Feeling cold (body temperature decreases below normal body temperature) Death - BAC:> 0.50% Direct psychological impact Alcohol dilates the blood vessels, especially the outer blood vessels From which people feel warm when drinking alcoholic beverages Then the adjustment of the natural heat of the body is no longer in effect At the same time alcohol has a narcotic effect, so cold which no longer felt Therefore alcoholic drink in winter can lead to freezing to death Alcohol drinking in combination with pills and other drugs is harmful stronger and faster than just pure alcohol Impact on the brain and other harms Even when only drink a moderate amount (0.2 thousand (0.2 ‰) blood alcohol equivalent to 0.3 liters of beer or 100 ml of wine), depending on weight and body composition, alcohol was affecting the nervous system and especially the brain: narrow viewing angle and response time is slower The researchers from Stockholm University have found that drinking 50 g of alcohol daily will leave permanent damage Estimated at about 100,000 brain cells will be killed while drinking a cup of beer In a fit of drunken brain cells die number can be up to 10 million Alcohol also affects sex drive and ability to have children Alcoholic beverages reduce the self-restraint and hence increasing sexual pleasures Alcohol also has toxic that effect to the testes and sperm According to the recent research of Professor E Abel (USA), men drink alcohol before sexual activity not only increases the likelihood of miscarriage, but also can affect the development of children born The mother drank alcohol during pregnancy to birth the child with intellectual disabilities Biggest impact of alcohol is the impact on the nervous system With a volume of 250 to 500 ml alcohol, depending on the percentage of alcohol in drinks, can cause the following states: • Light level (less than 20% alcohol volume depending on body weight status and): Alcohol importance of drinking can cause the state of flying Meanwhile, the people of this state cannot identify their own needs, cannot know what they need and not need Normally, people might call this state "tipsy" • Medium level (from 20% to less than 45% alcohol volume, depending on body weight and condition): Alcohol affects deep areas of the nervous system, causing stagnant status in all major lobes of brain controls our senses In the state of "ecstasy", people lose the ability to reason and emotional control; leaving only the instinctive ability to mobilize This is the "drunk" • Severity leval (45% alcohol volume, depending on body weight and condition): The body completely out of control at all levels peripheral nerves, loss of sense of space and time, take consciousness; even fall into a coma This is the "too drunk" when drinking The effects can be good to health People still debate about the kind of alcoholic drinks is good to health Many good effects were immediate yaw go because of the harmful effects, such as increased risk of cancer when you drink regularly, although only in small quantities, this has been confirmed by scientific research Derived from several researches can be said is to use a very small amount of a certain alcoholic beverages, especially red wine (1-2 glasses a day), over a long period may protect against coronary arteries disease Also drink for up to 20 - 40 g in men or 10-20 g in women can also increase longevity Above this level the good effects will be rolled back The cause of this effect was not from alcohol but from the dissolved substances in the wine and beer because alcohol is a good solvent (according to the theory of solvent) So spirits such as wine and most liqueurs does not have the same effect In Vietnam, when life is improved, the tend of using alcohol and beer becomes widespread, causing serious consequences On national average every day, 40 people are killed, including many caused by wine, beer and violence also stems from this Alcohol, beer is addictive and can become a victim of many social problems such as traffic accidents, fires, drowning, violence, murder and suicide, disturbing social order: broken family, neglect of work Many years ago, Vietnam also had policies to prevent alcohol abuse, but for various reasons, the implementation of policies affecting the production and business of wine, beer is not high II The purpose of the discussed topic - To study the alcohol - beer abuse in Vietnam, collect the evidence on the dangers of alcohol abuse, involve evils of alcohol - beer too much - To assess the status of the alcohol - beer abuse, analyze the causes of the situation so that we can remedy - On a theoretical basis, we propose a number of key measures to limit the abuse of alcohol - beer, prevention of social problems related to alcohol III The content of the discussed topic Scientists have embarked on a systematic study of the alcohol effects on the body So far, those who have minimal knowledge about medicine knows that drinking wine, drink less or more can destroy most of the organs in the body More dangerous, the destructive degree of insidious alcohol kind, it does not kill immediately (except for acute alcohol poisoning or drunk causing traffic accidents) but rodents only gradually to health that no longer curable Effects of alcohol directly affect the central nervous system, called the brain So obviously the medicine arrange alcoholics on "mental illness" group The medicine also put alcohol on a par with the evil drug Those who are hobbled alcohol need to know that after several times alcohol can alter basically some brain cells in areas of the brain that control personality, cognition, judgment, language, sense etc These brain cells will then operate abnormally, it means that with wine, they operate under the effects of alcohol That is the root cause of alcoholism So alcoholics who have brain cells was dependent on alcohol The "broken spirit" who suddenly stop drinking alcohol will get a serious syndrome as the drug addiction is in a withdrawal syndrome They struggled with pain, tremor, hallucinations, worse than delirium tremens However, they often not realize that they are caught in a annoying mental illness because people with mental illness alcoholism rarely cooperate with doctors to treat Only recently, the evils caused by the wine is widely recognized as a social problem of interest Clearly, alcohol not only ravages the drinkers’ body and spirit, it also causes many other consequences for society: crime, traffic accidents, loss of money and labor , loss of morality and the race tomorrow Newspapers published little information about the brutal murders, the tragic traffic accidents, the rapes which the culprits cause are drunken and drinking That's why public opinion is increasingly interested and require more active measures to tackle this evil The mechanism of the alcohol - beer abuse Alcohol is not a stimulant as many people think that as the anesthetic effect It makes the body inhibited as inhalation of ether anesthetic in a small dose When alcohol is absorbed into the body, the first inhibitory effect is manifested in the front of the brain That is where the focus of the brain cells is responsible for the function of judgment, sense of autonomy and moral restraint Due to this inhibited region, that drinkers will pretend to say much, no longer keep words in gesture, speech, dare to the actions that self-esteem is not normally allowed Next, if you continue to drink, the areas of the brain responsible for language, controlling the coordination of movement, visual are inhibited as well/ Then, speaking messily, the heaven and the earth spins and driving will inevitably cause accidents If you continue to drink, the alcohol concentration in the blood increases the toxicity threshold, other brain regions will be suppressed, in which areas of the brain responsible for breathing and reflex sustain the life Now, drinkers’ breath slowly and then stops, leads to death The medical researchers found that if the inhibitory effects of alcohol as described above repeated many times (ie drinkers just drink constantly, frequently), there will be a change of basal metabolism of brain cells Currently, people know well how the basic metabolic changes at molecular biological level The brain cells then will be dependent on alcohol, it only works when alcohol is absorbed into the brain and abnormally operates under the effect of alcohol That is the mechanism of alcohol abuse Addicts that need to be taken to the aforementioned inhibitory effects for comfortable feelings (those effects may be the factors that lead to crime) The results of research on the abuse of alcohol – beer Morning of November 15th, 2012 in Hanoi, the workshop "Improving the effectiveness of prevention and control of motorized vehicle drivers alcohol, beer " was held by the National Traffic Safety Committee in collaboration with Association for Traffic Safety Global road (GRSP), the World Health Organization (WHO) and the National Highway Traffic Police – Railway Speaking at the seminar, Vice Chairman of the Commission of the social problems of the National Assembly, Mr Nguyen Van Tien said: In Thailand; Indonesia; Srilanka, alcohol is the third cause affecting health ranked after tobacco and high blood pressure But in countries such as Vietnam; China; Laos alcohol is the leading risk to the health of people According to the World Health Organization (WHO) alcohol, beer ranks third on the risk affect human health Vice Chairman of the Committee on social issues Nguyen Van Tien said: production of alcohol in Viet Nam is growing, an estimated 15% per year; approximately 500 brewing facilities (mostly small) Beer output up to 2.5 billion liters per year, is expected to rise billion liters in 2015 Mr Tien analyzed: there are about 350 million liters of beer produced in a year, including more than 1/3 of the production plant; 2/3 from the household In 2006, the average rate for beer was 18 liters per person By 2010, increased to 29 liters per person Comparison table of alcohol consumption in Vietnam and some countries Evidence illustrates the consequences of alcohol - beer abuse: When in traffic Alcohol not only affects your health but also is a major cause of many cases of heartbreaking traffic accidents According to the report of the Ministry of Public Security before the last session of Congress, up to 43% of traffic accidents caused by drivers using alcohol It is worth mentioning that the drinking driver not only but also "take" the lives of so many others, causing heavy losses to the family and society This situation occurs every day and is showing signs of increasing in all provinces in the country, from cities to rural and mountainous areas In fact, every day many traffic accidents caused seriously by drivers Characteristics of the drivers after drinking alcohol, beer is usually at high speed, weaving, not mastering the wheel, predicting and handling situations not well So drunk often closely related to speed violations, avoiding and exceeding the wrong regulations, taking the wrong side Viet Duc Hospital received 20,000 emergency case each year because of traffic accidents, in which nearly 50% of patients with alcohol "Car crazy" sweeps three motorcycles on Accident on Nguyen Sy Sach, Vinh City Nguyen Van Troi Street, Da Nang City at caused by the drunk driver 25.7 by drunk driver According to a survey in Viet Duc Hospital and Paul Green Hospital, the majority of cases getting the allowed excess alcohol had severe traffic accidents, and were often in “persistent vegetative state” or injured in brain Road and Rail Traffic Police Department, said: inTraffic Safety month only(9/2010), more than 100 traffic accidents caused directly related to wine, beer occures Function force has handled nearly 250 cases of car driving and close to 500 cases of motorcycle drivers for violating regulations on the use of excess alcohol Ms Nguyen Thi Xuyen, Deputy Minister of Health said: wine, beer, ranked no in the top 10 causes of death worldwide Cost for wine, beer has created a burden for the economy, especially in developing countries It was estimated that the cost of wine, 10 beer and solving the harmful effects of alcohol, beer accounts for 2-8% of the national GDP According to an announcement at the conference related to traffic safety held by Committee of National Traffic Safty in 2011, Vietnam, 60% of family violence come from drinking, alcohol poisoning, account for nearly 22% of its poisoning; 7% of psychiatric patients come from alcohol Family violence by husbands addicted to alcohol gets more and more serious, murder stems from this cause also Many families were broken, many husbands had to be in prison for alcohol In addition, the stabbing murders and killings by drunks offen occurred In restaurants, on the streets, the "disciples Liu Ling" were ready to assault others, or kill each other just because of uncontrollable behaviors In the courts, there are many criminal cases that the defendant caused the murders or other crimes due to alcohol Only considering the evils and accidents due to alcohol, we could see the enormous social damages, but the revenues from the production and sales of beer, wine can not be offset Alcohol also impacts negatively on the quality of the activities of agencies and offices Only considering the evils and accidents due to alcohol, we could see the enormous social damages, but the revenues from the production and sales of beer, wine can not be offset Alcohol also impacts negatively on the quality of the activities of agencies and offices According to Euromonitor International, the least beer consumption in the region is Myanmar, only 30.4 million liters The total beer consumption of the countries ranked 4-9 in the region, including Myanmar, Singapore, Laos, Cambodia, Malaysia and Indonesia, only half compared with the No one - Philippines with more than 1.6 billion liters Before that, in 2010, the market research company - Euromonitor International has assesses the Vietnamese beer market to continue growing at a high 11 speed In 2009, Vietnam consumed 1.6 billion liters of beer, up 56% compared with 2004 Proposed solutions to improve the problem a The aim of solution - The solution is to improve the situation of alcohol abuse in Vietnam, contribute to the prevention of social evils in life - Analysis of the real causes and effects of alcohol abuse - Based on the theoretical analysis, we give some key measures to curb the alcohol abuse problem b How to implement the solution In order to prevent the abuse of alcohol from happening more and more popular, the Ministry of Health need to coordinate with the relevant ministries in drafting national policies against harmful effects of alcohol between 2007 and 2015 The objective of this policy is to raise people's awareness about the harms of alcohol on human health and society – economy ; not encourage or force to drink alcohol, especially in youth that have the risk of abuse and become addicted or suffer from diseases caused by alcohol From there, they change their behaviors and engage in activities to reduce the harmful effects of alcohol To control the production, sales of fake and smuggled alcohol Besides, the goal is to reduce mortality, disease, injury and other socio-economic losses for individuals, families and communities related to alcohol To strengthen, prevent and control motobike and car drivers from using alcohol, beers The news agencies, the press, the organizations need to propagate strongly and 12 often mention the harmful effects of alcohol and beer abuse to health and social order and safety, the risk of accidents and consequences caused by drivers drinking alcohol, beer ; provisions of law on sanctions for drinking drivers The heads of state agencies, organizations, businesses require officers, servants, employees, union members, members, exemplary people not to drink wine, beer before driving National policies to reduce the demand for wine, beer is the need to have rules on price, taxes and individual income taxes Although wine, beer is drug, but many studies show that alcohol consumption will decrease as commodity prices rise In addition, it increases revenue for the state budget Next solution is to reduce the supply of wine, beer that is: Enhancing the role of the State in the production and trading of alcohol; regulations about the prohibited / restricted sale of alcohol Using separate taxes to spend for health and medical purposes The implementation of this solution has reduced the alcohol consumption and related harms Up to now, there are national policies on the control of alcohol, beer such as banning those who are under 18 years of age from saling alcohol; banning the sale in schools; increasing commodity taxes… c Solution deployment This solution should be implemented on all aspects of life, but most focus on the following issues Policies for the field of production and circulation Manning companies and authorities should: - Manage and tightly control on production and circulation of the manual cooking liquor Guide the standards and quality for wine manufacturers to correct wine production process - Set sanctions of monitoring on banning the sale of alcohol in prescribed locations, prohibit it to children Add more regulations to the right time to sell alcohol in a day, against illegally imported wine, improper quality of fake wines Strictly handle violations, have deterrence measures - Put a ban on advertising, marketing, promotion and sponsorship for alcohol, need to develop advertisement programs on the dangers of alcohol content to life, causing social evils In addition, the labeling of wines beer should 13 clearly state the dangers of alcohol abuse, the things to avoid when drinking alcohol - Tax the special consumption with high tariffs on items of alcohol or other allowed excessive alcohol substances to minimize consumption speed Policies for users - Limit alcohol abuse with a high-risk group: staffs, businessmen, pregnant women, male farmers, fishermen, ethnic minorities - Adjust regulations on testing blood and breath alcohol concentration of people who attend traffic so that it’s more flexible and feasible to apply in practice Publish norms of alcohol in traffic while performing their duties However, to this effectively, the traffic police should be equipped with accurate standard alcohol concentration of detectors Currently, the State has penalties for traffic participants using alcohol, beer But to increase deterrence; education, authorities should propose, promote to increase administrative fines for violations In some developed countries, if the traffic participants use alcohol, beer, they will be penalized with heavy fines or permanently deprived of driving license, even prosecuted for criminal prosecution in case of causing traffic accidents when the concentration of alcohol in blood or breath exceeds the permitted level - While consciousness of the people is limited, the strengthening of enforcement measures is one of the important factors contributing to reduce traffic accidents caused by alcohol, beer The authorities should prohibit and have sanctions strong enough to handle the sale of wine, beer at the bus stop and stay, the children’s entertainment zones; research and build regulations to compel production facilities of wine, beer, restaurants to warn on wine, beer 14 - Strengthening education, communication on the harms of alcohol on the mass media, in conjunction with the launch of the entire population movements in response to alcohol abuse prevention with specific activities integrated in standard Press Cultural Village, cultural agencies, - Setting up network monitoring, monitoring alcohol use and alcohol abuse in the community, with the participation of the medical staff of the village On that basis, we form and maintain the network of advice to prevent and reduce the harmful effects of alcohol abuse in the community - Establishing policies to support, facilitate victims of alcohol abuse easily to access health care services d e Resources for solutions - The staffs of the department of traffic safety - Traffic police force - Medical staff - Units, media organizations - Social and political institutions The barrier difficulties may be encountered when implementing the solutions In Vietnam, the implementation of solutions to prevent the abuse of alcohol is extremely difficult Because in reality, there is no village without wine, but oddly it does not have any control, whether it is cooked with maize, cassava, rice even nitrogen So far, only two places as the Institute of Mental Health and the Institute for Strategy learn to touch on this issue Alcohol abuse mainly occurs in groups of farmers, laborers, 90% of them use alcohol self-cooked with high alcohol content, as it is cheap and sold everywhere The most concerned thing is that the quality of this wine is not guaranteed, and save a lot of toxins, contaminants, adversely affect the digestive, circulatory and nervous systems As for beer, the large part of people using live in the city They are not interested in how hazardous the wine quality is Vietnam exist many gaps in the polices relating to combating the harmful effects of alcohol, beer Specifically, the effective implementation of policies affecting badly the production and sales of wine, beer Vietnam does not have appropriate regulations 15 in advertisment , promotion and takeing pictures using alcohol, beer on the media Currently, we also not have policies for communication and education about the dangers of alcohol, beer or policies to support health care for the victims of the alcohol abuse Lunar New Year is the first holiday of the year, the beginning of a new year with confidence and hope for good changes After a strenuous working year, Tet is a chance for people to rest and reunion It is a meaningful and noble cultural Alcohol is the "catalyst" for Tet atmosphere to be more cheerful and warmer However, it also caused no small troubles, even affect the health and life of the users Every Lunar New Year, the hospitals must receive more cases of poisoning because of drinking too much alcohol or fake and low-quality one Alcohol is the cause of many quarrels, clashes, even murders Alcohol drinking then control vehicles, you're also likely to cause an accident, or lighter, shall be sanctioned for violating traffic laws In the long term, alcohol is the culprit of many diseases of the nervous, cardiovascular system, illnesses such as stomach or liver cancer However, on this occasions, the measures to limit alcohol abuse almost not any effects Because each year they only have the carefree Tet days, they can not give up the habit of the festivals, celebrate the old year and welcome the new year So, we should limit the amount of alcohol intake, not make the New Year days overcast the whole family The most dangerous is the alcohol abuse issue, peope almost not pay attention to, consider it normal Even in the workplace, the alcohol during lunch is nearly usual So, to carry out the solutions effectively, we keep firmly to change in the long time 16 CONCLUSION The use of alcohol is a habit of bold traditional culture in many countries including Vietnam Using alcohol at a reasonable level can give people a sense of excitement, delight, blood circulation But alcohol is a addictive stimulant, users are easy to be very dependent with more tolerance levels, leading to alcohol abuse It causes more serious consequences for public health and society In our country, the process of innovation and economic development in recent years has made people's lives increasingly high Trends in alcohol use in daily life, occasions, opportunities, relations, etc are increasing.The rampant alcohol use in some areas has made social order and safety, traffic safety become alarming problems The exercises of subject organizational behavior management has helped us have the system and methodology when researching an issue, know how to exploit aspects of the life problem, equips us with knowledge to experience later In this discussion, our group have studied the situation of alcohol abuse causing the current social evils, the main cause of the problems above, analyzing the effects of alcohol Thereby, the measures are proposed to limit alcohol abuse in society Through the study, we hope to contribute a small part of our efforts in the prevention of social evils, in order to build a civilized healthy and developed society, in line with the trend of time 17 REFERENCES [1] Alcohol and alcohol-related problems, Young Publisher, Duong Ngoc Han, in 2007 [2] Forum "The alarming things in Vietnam", Cited from cultural magazine No 215,15/10/2012 [3] Forum "Why social evils increase? " Quoted from Haiphong Security Newspaper, No 234, 21/11/2012 [4] Forum "The common diseases related to alcohol - beer", Cited from Health and Life Magazine [5] Regulations when participating in traffic control, cited form website http://www.atgt.com.vn [6] Website http://www.tailieu.vn [7] Website http://vi.wikipedia.org [8] The other documentations 18 ... drinking drivers The heads of state agencies, organizations, businesses require officers, servants, employees, union members, members, exemplary people not to drink wine, beer before driving National... atmosphere to be more cheerful and warmer However, it also caused no small troubles, even affect the health and life of the users Every Lunar New Year, the hospitals must receive more cases of poisoning... vessels, especially the outer blood vessels From which people feel warm when drinking alcoholic beverages Then the adjustment of the natural heat of the body is no longer in effect At the same