Lab. ROSIDS (Rosaceae, Moraceae, Malvaceae, Curcubitaceae, Fabaceae, Fagaceae, Euphorbiaceae)

Lab ROSIDS (Rosaceae, Moraceae, Malvaceae, Curcubitaceae, Fabaceae, Fagaceae, Euphorbiaceae) ROSACEAE Woody plants with toothed, simple leaves, or herbs with toothed, trifoliate leaves; flowers regular with clawed petals, 10 or more stamens, and hypanthium well developed; fruit various, but derived from multiple free or fused carpels Examine the flowers of the Rosaceae specimens Draw and label the floral parts Rosa represents an example of the large, primitive subfamily Rosoideae Vegetatively, the Rosaceae are defined by alternate, compound leaves with large stipules — find these FABACEAE Woody or herbaceous plants with compound (rarely simple) leaves, entire (rarely toothed) leaflets, and pulvini at ends of petioles and petiolules; flowers irregular (regular) with (not clawed), 10 stamens, and hypanthium; fruit a legume, derived from the carpel of the flower More info about flowers: Flowers Faboid‐type, Mimosoid‐type, or Caesalpinioid‐type Papilionoideae: Bilateral flowers with the petals arranged into banner (top petal), wings (the two side petals) and keel (the two lowest petals with are connivant into a boat-shaped structure) In bud, the banner encloses all the other petals Stamens usually 10, sometimes all fused in tube around the pistil, or fused and free This subfamily contains all but 12 of the CA genera Caesalpinoideae: Bilateral flowers with the petals arranged into an upper petal (sometimes called a banner), upper or side lateral petals (sometimes called wings), and two lower petals (not connivant, but forming a keel-like structure in Cercis) In bud, the upper petal is inside all the other petals Stamens are usually 10, usually free This subfamily contains of the California genera Mimosoideae: Radial flowers with many free, showy stamens This has the remaining genera Examine the flowers of the specimens Draw and label the floral parts CUCURBITACEAE Squash/Melon Family Typically herbaceous, many are "climbers"; leaves alternate and spiral, usually simple, often palmately lobed; leaves palmately veined and are usually associated with a tendril (usually branched), possibly derived from a modified shoot; stipules lacking; flowers almost always unisexual, with a hypanthium; calyx composed of sepals; corolla composed of petals, more or less united at the base; stamens 5, which may be either distinct or fused to varying degrees, adnate to hypanthium; ovary inferior composed of between two and five fused carpels; ovary with (usually) a single locule; fruit generally a berry or pepo Examine the flowers of the specimens Draw and label the floral parts FAGACEAE – Oak or Beech Family Tress and shrubs, deciduous or evergreen; leaves simple but often lobed, alternate, entire to serrate; stipules present but deciduous; flowers generally unisexual, monoecious, males usually arranged in catkins or small spikes, females in groups of 1-3 inside a scaly cupule; perianth reduced to a series of bract-like segments; stamens variable; ovary inferior ovary composed of three to six fused carpels; three to six styles present; fruit is an acorn (or similar), a single-seeded nut usually surrounded by a cupule (involucre) Observe the specimens and draw its leaf, spikes and nut with cupule MALVACEAE – Mallow Family Herbs, trees or shrubs; leaves simple and alternate, often palmately lobed, most have stellate hairs; stipules present; flowers regular and bisexual; calyx composed sepals which may be fused or distinct (petaloid in Sterculiaceae), often subtended by an epicalyx; corolla composed of petals, free (absent in Sterculiaceae); stamens numerous and fused at their base to form a typically conspicuous tube (i.e monadelphus stamens); staminodes often present; nectaries present, typically in the form of glandular hairs on sepals; ovary superior composed of (usually) five (sometimes more) fused carpels; a single style is present and is branched; fruit usually a capsule Observe the specimens and draw its leaf, flower EUPHORBIACEAE the Spurge family Euphorbiaceae are known for producing poisonous, thick white latex They are often associated with xeric environments and fill a similar ecological niche as cacti of the New World Stem a little climbing, branching, up to more than two meters Stems gray coarse spines, oval leaves, old leaves fall off Flowers small, into the front to generate small clusters, each flower cluster together into dichotomous cymose inflorescence Outside of the two pink bracts, flowers small Bracts yellow, dark red • b Bract • i Involucre • g Gland • ag Appendage of the gland • bo Bracteole • mf Male flower • jmf Juvenile male flower • a Anthere • pmf Pedicel of the male flower • ff Female flower • o Ovary • s Style • pff Pedicel of the female flower Observe the specimens of Euphorbia milii and draw its inflorescence